ABSTRACT Introduction: Thanks to its efficiency and the exclusive use of metal-free ceramics, in oral rehabilitation it has been possible to achieve aesthetic and mechanical standards, maintaining or even exceeding the quality of the treatments compared to traditional metal-ceramic restorations. Currently, free ceramic manufacturing mechanisms are increasingly evolving towards CAD-CAM machined technologies and decreasing their conventional production through the PRESS Injection technique. Objective: Compare the survival rate of single-unit fixed prostheses made with conventional feldspathic ceramics and reinforced with lithium disilicate by the CEREC® CAD/CAM chairside system, with the conventional PRESS laboratory injection method. Methods: A systematic review was conducted of scientific evidence included in papers published until the year 2019 in PubMed, PubMed Clinical Queries, Epistemonikos, Tripdatabase, Cochrane Library, electronic resources of Los Andes Peruvian University, and retrograde bibliography. The papers selected dealt with conventional and lithium-disilicate reinforced feldspathic ceramic single-unit prostheses made by CAD/CAM and/or the conventional method. Results: A total 28 papers met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 21 were observational cohort studies, four were randomized clinical assays and three were non-randomized assays. Short- and mid-term, CEREC® CAD/CAM achieved survival rates of 98% and 91.9%, respectively. The conventional system achieved survival rates of 97.5% short-term and 93% mid-term. Conclusions: As described in the literature, CEREC® CAD/CAM had a slightly higher survival rate than the conventional system in the short term. In the medium term, however, CEREC® CAD/CAM displayed a slight reduction in comparison with the conventional system. No studies are available to determine the clinical survival of the treatments in the long term.

RESUMEN Introducción: Gracias a su eficiencia y al uso exclusivo de cerámicas libres de metal, en rehabilitación oral se ha logrado alcanzar los estándares estéticos y mecánicos, manteniendo o, incluso, superando, la calidad de los tratamientos en comparación con las restauraciones metal cerámicas tradicionales. Actualmente los mecanismos de confeccion de cerámica libre están evolucionando cada vez mas hacia las tecnologías maquinadas CAD-CAM y disminuyendo su producción mediante la técnica de Inyeccion PRESS. Objetivo: Comparar la tasa de supervivencia de prótesis fija unitaria realizadas con cerámicas feldespáticas convencionales y reforzadas con disilicato de litio, confeccionadas con sistema CAD/CAM de CEREC® chair-side, en comparación con el método de inyección de laboratorio PRESS convencional de prensión. Métodos: Revisión sistemática realizada a través de búsqueda de evidencia científica en PubMed, PubMed Clinical Queries, Epistemónikos, Tripdatabase, Cochrane Library, recursos electrónicos de la Universidad de los Andes y bibliografía retrógrada, de artículos publicados hasta el año 2019. Se incluyeron todos aquellos estudios referentes a prótesis fija unitaria de cerámicas feldespática convencional y feldespática reforzada con disilicato de litio, confeccionadas mediante CAD/CAM y/o método convencional. Resultados: Un total de 28 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión: 21 estudios observacionales de cohorte, 4 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y 3 no aleatorizados. A corto y mediano plazo, CAD/CAM de CEREC® registró tasas de supervivencia de 98 % y 91,9 %, respectivamente. El sistema convencional registró tasas de supervivencia de 97,5 % a corto plazo y 93 % a mediano. Conclusiones: A corto plazo se describe en la literatura que CAD/CAM de CEREC® tuvo una tasa de supervivencia ligeramente superior al sistema convencional. Por otro lado, a mediano plazo CAD/CAM de CEREC® presentó una leve disminución respecto al sistema convencional. Aún no hay estudios disponibles para determinar la supervivencia clínica de los tratamientos a largo plazo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: During fixed prosthodontic treatment, patients may present postoperative hypersensitivity. The prevalence rates contained in the literature on the topic range from a mere 3 % to 34 %. Objective: Determine the prevalence and intensity of postoperative hypersensitivity during fixed prosthodontic treatment of vital teeth. Methods: A pilot descriptive clinical study was conducted. The sample was 35 treated teeth from 20 patients. These patients had been treated by students from the Dental Center at the University of Los Andes, and had undergone fixed prosthodontic treatment on vital teeth from April to October 2015. Hypersensitivity during the treatment was recorded with the visual analog scale based on a diary kept by patients and on the verbal numerical rating scale as applied by the researcher at the various clinical stages. Results: Prevalence was 31.4 % with an intensity of 0.62 ± 0.49 by the visual analog scale and of 0 by the verbal numerical rating scale. Conclusions: The prevalence of postoperative hypersensitivity approached the highest range described in the literature, whereas the intensity of hypersensitivity ranged from mild to clinically imperceptible.

RESUMEN Introducción: Durante la realización de prótesis fijas, el paciente puede presentar sensibilidad posoperatoria. Se ha descrito en la literatura diferentes prevalencias de esta sensibilidad, las cuales varían ampliamente, entre 3 % y 34 %. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia e intensidad de sensibilidad posoperatoria en el tratamiento de prótesis fija sobre diente vital. Métodos: se realizó un estudio clínico piloto descriptivo. La muestra fue de 35 dientes tratados de 20 pacientes. Esta fue conformada por pacientes atendidos por alumnos del Centro Odontológico de la Universidad de Los Andes, a los cuales se les realizó un tratamiento en base a prótesis fija sobre diente vital, desde el mes de abril hasta octubre del año 2015. Se registró la sensibilidad durante el tratamiento por medio la escala visual análoga a través de un diario completado por el paciente y por la escala verbal numérica aplicada por el investigador en distintas etapas clínicas. Resultados: Se observó una prevalencia del 31,4 % con una intensidad de 0,62 ± 0,49 según la escala visual análoga y de 0 según la escala verbal numérica. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de la sensibilidad posoperatoria se aproximó al rango más alto descrito en la literatura. La intensidad de la sensibilidad observada fue leve a imperceptible clínicamente.

Objetivo:avaliar resultados e satisfação dos pais quanto ao tratamento de crianças portadoras de sindactilia operadas entre 2005 e 2009 no Hospital SOS Mão Recife.Métodos:foram coletados, nos prontuários, os dados para avaliação dos resultados. Os escores subjetivos, verificados prospectivamente, foram: igual ou superior a 9, bom resultado; entre 6 e 8, resultado regular; abaixo de 6, mau resultado. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética da Instituição.Resultados:dos 35 casos, 21 (60%) foram sindactilias simples e 14 (40%) complexas; 22 (62,8%) eram meninos e 13 (37,1%) meninas. Houve predominância masculina nos casos complexos. As principais complicações foram: infecção (11,4%), sangramento (11,4%) e dor (8,6%). Ocorreram mais complicações nos casos complexos (42,8%) contra 33,3% nos simples. A avaliação subjetiva dos pais revelou: quanto à estética, média de 7,6, porém com média de 7,7 nos casos simples e 7,3 nos complexos; na função, a média foi de 8,2, 8,6 e 7,6, respectivamente, nas simples e nas complexas; em relação ao grau de satisfação dos pais, 8,3 (geral), 8,6 e 8 respectivamente; sobre a possibilidade de os pais recomendarem a cirurgia a outros, 85,7% recomendariam, contra 14,3% contrários. Foi observada forte associação entre a avaliação objetiva do especialista e os escores atribuídos pelos pais (p < 0,05).Conclusão:os resultados cirúrgicos da sindactilia apresentam diferenças entre os tipos simples e complexo, apesar de o aspecto estético e a satisfação dos pais serem semelhantes.

Objective:to evaluate the results from and parents' satisfaction with treatment for children with syndactyly who were operated at the "SOS Hand Recife" hospital between 2005 and 2009.Methods:data for assessing the results were gathered from the patients' medical files. The subjective scores, which were ascertained prospectively, were as follows: greater than or equal to 9, good result; between 6 and 8, fair result; less than 6, poor result. The results were analyzed statistically. This study was approved by the institution's ethics committee.Results:among the 35 cases, 21 (60%) consisted of simple syndactyly and 14 (40%) were complex; 22 (62.8%) were boys and 13 (37.1%) were girls. The complex cases were predominantly among males. The main complications were infection (11.4%), bleeding (11.4%) and pain (8.6%). There were more complications in the complex cases (42.8%) than in the simple cases (33.3%). The mean scores from the parents' subjective evaluations were as follows: 7.6 for esthetics (7.7 in simple cases and 7.3 in complex cases; 8.2 for function (8.6 in simple cases and 7.6 in complex cases); 8.3 for the parents' general satisfaction level (8.6 in simple cases and 8.0 in complex cases); and 85.7% of the parents would recommend the surgery to others while 14.5% would not. A strong association was observed between the specialist's objective assessment and the scores given by the parents (p < 0.05).Conclusion:the surgical results from treating syndactyly presented differences between the simple and complex types, even though the parents' esthetic evaluations and satisfaction were similar.

316L stainless steel and Hydroxyapatite (5, 20 and 50 wt. (%) HA)-316L stainless steel composites were fabricated by mechanical alloying technique, pressing and sintering from 316L and HA powders. The corrosion behavior of both sintered 316L and HA-316L composites was evaluated by electrochemical techniques in simulated body fluid (Ringer's solution) and in 0.1M HCl solution which simulates occluded cell corrosion conditions. The results indicate that 316L stainless steel and HA-316L composites are passive in Ringer's solution and active in HCl solution. All materials are highly corrosion resistant in Ringer's solution with corrosion current density in the order of 10-6 A cm-2 or less. Both 316L stainless steel and 5% HA-316L composite present good corrosion resistance in HCl with corrosion current density in the order of 10-5 A cm-2. The corrosion resistance decreases with increasing HA content in both solutions.

OBJETIVO: Relatar a frequência das doenças congênitas da mão operadas em sistema de mutirão no SOS Mão de Recife entre 2005 e 2009. MÉTODOS: Foram coletadas as informações de 833 crianças e adolescentes examinados em oito missões. RESULTADOS: Entre os pacientes, 306 (36,7%) foram operados; 240 (78,4%) por malformações congênitas e 66 (21,6%) por lesões adquiridas. As malformações congênitas mais frequentes foram: sindactilia, 72 (30,0%) casos; polidactilia, 30 (12,5%) casos; polegar bífido, 19 (7,9%) casos; malformação complexa da mão, 14 (5,8%) casos; mão em fenda, 13 (5,4%) casos; dedo em gatilho, 12 (5,0%) casos; camptodactilia, 11 (4,6%) casos; e braquisindactilia, nove (3,7%) casos. As lesões adquiridas mais frequentes foram: lesões por trauma obstétrico, 26 (39,4%) casos; sequela de trauma de mão, 18 (27,3%) casos; sequela de paralisia cerebral, sete (10,6%) casos; sequela de choque elétrico, cinco (7,6%) casos; e sequela de queimadura, quatro (6,1%) casos. CONCLUSÃO: A nosologia das doenças de mão é similar a de grandes séries de cirurgias eletivas, particularmente no que diz respeito às deformidades congênitas. As frequências das lesões adquiridas parecem ser mais altas do que as das séries internacionais. O sistema de mutirão de cirurgia de mão é importante para diminuir a carência dessa atividade em instituições públicas e tem se mostrado muito eficiente. O êxito do projeto pode oferecer subsídio para o Sistema Único de Saúde admitir cirurgiões da mão em sistema de plantão ou sobreaviso nas unidades de emergência.

OBJECTIVE: To report the frequencies of congenital hand diseases in patients who underwent surgery in a provisional clinic as part of the Hand of Recife SOS- Recife, Pernambuco, from 2005 to 2009. METHODS: The information was collected from 833 children and adolescents cared for in eight missions. RESULTS: Among the patients, 306 (36.7%) underwent surgery; 240 (78.4%) for congenital malformation, and 66 (21.6%) for acquired lesions. The most frequent malformations were: syndactyly, 72 (30.0%) cases; polydactyly, 30 (12.5%) cases; bifid thumb, 19 (7.9%) cases; complex hand anomaly, 14 (5.8%) cases; cleft hand, 13 (5.4%) cases; trigger finger, 12 (5.0%) cases; camptodactyly, 11 (4.6%) cases; and brachysyndactyly, 9 (3.7%) cases. The most frequent acquired injuries were: obstetric brachial plexus paralysis, 26 (39.4%) cases; hand trauma sequelae, 18 (27.3%) cases; cerebral paralysis sequelae, 7 (10.6%) cases; electrical shock sequelae, 5 (7.6%) cases; and hand burn injury, 4 (6.1%) cases. CONCLUSION: The nosology of hand diseases is, as a whole, similar to the great series of elective hand surgeries, especially regarding congenital hand abnormalities. The frequencies of acquired hand lesions seem to be higher than in the international series. The provisional clinic hand surgery system is important in decreasing the need for this activity in public institutions, and it has been shown to be very effective. The good outcomes of the missions may offer support for The Brazilian Health System to enroll hand surgeons in the on-call system in the emergency units.

The stratigraphy, chemistry and age of rocks assigned to the eastern portion of the Abanico Formation exposed along the El Volcán river valley, Principal Cordillera east of Santiago (30º50'S/70º12'-70º5'W), are reported and discussed. This ca. 3,300 m thick succession is mainly composed of basalts, basaltic andesites and volcaniclastic rocks. 40Ar/39Ar radiometric dates on plagioclase from the lava flows yield Oligocene-lower Miocene ages with a maximum age of 34.3 ±0.4 Ma for the lower part and a plateau age of 21.4±1.0 Ma for the upper part of the succession. The lava flows show calc-alkaline affinities and have chemical characteristics that are typical of arc volcanic rocks erupted in an active continental margin. A temporal chemical evolution in the sequence is indicated by upward increases in concentrations of LILE and LREE elements and LaN/YbN ratios. This pattern can be attributed to increasing contributions of fluids derived from the subducted lithosphere with time. A chemical comparison of these rocks with Oligocene-lower Miocene volcanic rocks from the Cerro Abanico and Chacabuco areas on the western border of the Principal Cordillera, east of Santiago, and at the northern end of the Central Depression reveals west to east compositional variations. From west to east these variations include: (1) increasing LILE and LREE concentrations, LaN/YbN ratios and Sr and Nd initial isotopic ratios, and (2) decreasing LILE/HFSE and LREE/HFSE ratios. These pattern can be attributed to a west to east decrease in the contribution of slab derived fluids and increase in the influence of crustal contamination processes

La formación Abanico Este: petrología y geoquímica de las rocas volcánicas detrás del arco Cenozoico en la Cordillera Andina, Chile central (33º50'S). Se presentan los resultados del estudio de la estratigrafía, química y edades de rocas asignadas a la franja oriental de la Formación Abanico expuestas en la ladera sur del Río Volcán, Cordillera Principal al este de Santiago (30º50'S, 70º12'/70º5'W). La serie expuesta, de ca. 3.300 m de espesor, está compuesta predominantemente por basaltos, andesitas basálticas y rocas volcanoclásticas. Dataciones radiométricas 40Ar/39Ar en plagioclasa de flujos de lava entregaron edades entre el Oligoceno-Mioceno inferior con una edad máxima de 34,3±0,4 Ma para la porción inferior y una edad plateau de 21,4±1,0 Ma en la porción media de la serie. Las lavas poseen una afinidad calcoalcalina y características típicas de rocas volcánicas de arco desarrollado en un margen continental activo. Estas definen un patrón químico de evolución temporal representado por un aumento de concentraciones de elementos LILE, LREE y razones LaN/YbN, el que ha sido atribuido a un aumento de la influencia del componente de subducción con el tiempo. La comparación geoquímica de estas rocas con las rocas volcánicas Oligoceno-Mioceno inferior de las áreas de Cerro Abanico y Chacabuco, ubicadas en el borde occidental de la Cordillera Principal al este de Santiago y límite norte de la Depresión Central, respectivamente, muestra la existencia de variaciones composicionales transversales del volcanismo Oligoceno-Mioceno inferior. Estas variaciones, de oeste a este, corresponden a: (1) incremento en las concentraciones de elementos LILE, LREE y HFSE, razones LaN/YbN y razones iniciales de Sr y Nd, y (2) disminución de razones LILE/HFSE y LREE/HFSE. Estos patrones pueden ser atribuidos a una disminución de la influencia del componente de subducción y aumento de la intensidad de procesos de contaminación cortical de oeste a este