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Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

A SIMPLE AND SENSITIVE LC-MS/MS METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF S-PHENYLMERCAPTURIC ACID IN HUMAN URINE
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Gomes, Andressa Priscila

; Barbosa, Eduardo

; Santos, Ana Laura Anibaletto dos

; Lizot, Lilian Feltraco

; Sauer, Elisa

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

; Linden, Rafael

; Antunes, Marina Venzon

; Charao, Mariele Feiffer

Química Nova

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mar 2021, Volume 44 N. 3 Pages 334 - 340

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Benzene is an important environmental and occupational pollutant, and recognized as human carcinogen. S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA) is a highly specific biomarker of exposure to benzene, applied in occupational toxicology to assess low levels of benzene exposure. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a one-step liquid extraction bioanalytical method for the quantification of SPMA in urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method was applied to the evaluation of benzene exposure in an occupational setting. The assay was linear from 0.5 to 500 ng mL-1 (r>0.99), accurate (91.4-105.2%) and precise, with CV% between 4.73 and 9.96%. SPMA was stable in urine for 90 days at -20 °C. Airborne benzene concentrations, urinary levels of SPMA and t,t-MA were significantly higher in gas station workers (n=30) in comparison to outdoor workers (n=14) and individuals non-occupationally exposed to benzene (n=34). Benzene airborne levels had higher correlation with urinary SPMA (r=0.532, p<0.001) than with t,t-MA (r=0.338, p=0.04), demonstrating the applicability of this biomarker for monitoring low levels of benzene exposure.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170651 118 downloads

Gender differences in biochemical markers and oxidative stress of rats after 28 days oral exposure to a mixture used for weight loss containing p-synephrine, ephedrine, salicin, and caffeine
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Schmitt, Gabriela Cristina

; Arbo, Marcelo Dutra

; Lorensi, Andréia Louise

; Jacques, Ana Laura Bemvenuti

; Nascimento, Sabrina Nunes do

; Mariotti, Kristiane de Cássia

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

; Dallegrave, Eliane

; Leal, Mirna Bainy

; Limberger, Renata Pereira

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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mar 2016, Volume 52 N. 1 Pages 59 - 68

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A associação de p-sinefrina, efedrina, salicina, e cafeína em suplementos alimentares e produtos para perda de peso é muito utilizada em todo o mundo, embora a efedrina tenha sido proibida em muitos países. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil de toxicidade à exposição oral de 28 dias à associação de p-sinefrina, efedrina, salicina e cafeína (na proporção de 10:4:6:80 m/m respectivamente) em ratos Wistar machos e fêmeas. Diariamente, os animais foram observados quanto ao peso corporal, sinais de toxicidade, morbidade e mortalidade. Após 28 dias, os animais foram sacrificados e o sangue coletado para avaliações hematológicas, bioquímicas e de estresse oxidativo. Não se observaram sinais clínicos de toxicidade, tampouco perda significativa de peso, mortes, ou quaisquer alterações significativas nos parâmetros hematológicos. Biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo e bioquímicos mostraram peroxidação lipídica, danos renais e hepáticos (p < 0,05; ANOVA/Bonferroni) em ratos machos (100 e 150 mg/kg) e a redução (p < 0,05; ANOVA/Bonferroni) nos níveis de glutationa reduzida (GSH) em todos os grupos de machos tratados. Nas fêmeas, não houve indícios de estresse oxidativo, nem alterações bioquímicas. O diferente perfil de toxicidade entre os gêneros sugere influência hormonal nos efeitos de mistura administrada. A associação testada pode alterar o estado oxidativo e promover danos renais e hepáticos.

ABSTRACT The association of p-synephrine, ephedrine, salicin, and caffeine in dietary supplements and weight loss products is very common worldwide, even though ephedrine has been prohibited in many countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate a 28-day oral exposure toxicity profile of p-synephrine, ephedrine, salicin, and caffeine mixture (10:4:6:80 w/w respectively) in male and female Wistar rats. Body weight and signs of toxicity, morbidity, and mortality were observed daily. After 28 days, animals were euthanized and blood collected for hematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress evaluation. No clinical signs of toxicity, significant weight loss or deaths occurred, nor were there any significant alterations in hematological parameters. Biochemical and oxidative stress biomarkers showed lipid peroxidation, and hepatic and renal damage (p < 0.05; ANOVA/Bonferroni) in male rats (100 and 150 mg/kg) and a reduction (p < 0.05; ANOVA/Bonferroni) in glutathione (GSH) levels in all male groups. Female groups displayed no indications of oxidative stress or biochemical alterations. The different toxicity profile displayed by male and female rats suggests a hormonal influence on mixture effects. Results demonstrated that the tested mixture can alter oxidative status and promote renal and hepatic damages.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502016000100007 2522 downloads

Blood antioxidant nutrients in riparian villagers of the Brazilian Amazon: its associations with wet/dry seasons and modulation by sociodemographic determinants
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Valentini, Juliana

; Passos, Carlos José Sousa

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

; Davidson, Robert

; Lucotte, Marc

; Mertens, Frédéric

; Romana, Christine

; Valadão, Lígia Meres

; Charão, Mariele Feiffer

; Baierle, Marília

; Barbosa Júnior, Fernando

Cadernos Saúde Coletiva

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mar 2016, Volume 24 N. 1 Pages 21 - 31

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O presente estudo reporta as concentrações plasmáticas dos antioxidantes cobre (Cu), manganês (Mn), selênio (Se), zinco (Zn), β-caroteno, licopeno e vitaminas (A e E) em moradores da região do Rio Tapajós, Pará, Amazônia, e as relaciona com características sociodemográficas e sazonalidade (seca e cheia). Os teores de Mn, Se e Zn foram acima dos valores de referência (VR) e daqueles achados em outras regiões do Brasil, enquanto para o β-caroteno tal achado ocorreu apenas na estação da cheia. Os valores de licopeno foram dentro dos VR, porém abaixo dos achados em outras regiões do Brasil. Os níveis de Cu, Se, Zn, β-caroteno, licopeno e vitamina E variaram entre as estações. Variação intercomunitária foi constatada para β-caroteno, Mn e Se. Os teores de Se e Zn foram alterados, respectivamente, por tabagismo e sexo. Os níveis de β-caroteno e vitaminas (A e E) alteraram-se com o consumo de bebida alcoólica. A vitamina E foi dependente do estado de origem. Participantes que desempenhavam ambas as profissões de agricultor e pescador apresentavam teores de Cu superiores e de β-caroteno inferiores comparativamente àqueles que desempenhavam uma única profissão. Esses dados fornecem informações sobre os teores de antioxidantes para essa população amazônica.

Abstract This study associates blood antioxidants like copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), β-carotene, lycopene and vitamins (A and E) to sociodemographic features and seasonality in communities from the Tapajós River region, Brazilian Amazon. We observed increased Mn, Se and Zn levels compared to the average Brazilian population, whereas this is only the case for β-carotene in the rainy season. Lycopene levels fall within the reference range, although lower than those found in other Brazilian regions. Cu, Se, Zn, β-carotene, lycopene and vitamin E levels vary among seasons. β-carotene, Mn and Se vary among communities. Se and Zn vary with smoking habits and sex, respectively. In addition, β-carotene and vitamins (A and E) are altered by alcohol consumption. Villagers who both farmed and fished present higher Cu and lower β-carotene levels than participants with a single occupation. Vitamin E levels depend upon the individual state of origin. These data provide important baseline information for antioxidant status in this Amazonian riparian population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462X201500040159 1502 downloads

Correlation between dermoscopic and histopathological diagnoses of atypical nevi in a dermatology outpatient clinic of the Medical School of São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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Antonio, João Roberto

; Soubhia, Rosa Maria Cordeiro

; D'Avila, Solange Corrêa Garcia Pires

; Caldas, Adriana Cristina

; Trídico, Lívia Arroyo

; Alves, Fernanda Tomé

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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apr 2013, Volume 88 N. 2 Pages 199 - 203

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

FUNDAMENTOS: A incidência do melanoma cutâneo tem aumentado mundialmente e, por ser uma neoplasia agressiva de difícil tratamento em estágios avançados, o diagnóstico precoce é fundamental para cura do paciente. Os nevos melanocíticos são lesões pigmentadas benignas da pele, enquanto os nevos atípicos, por possuírem padrão histológico diferente dos nevos comuns, estão associados ao risco de desenvolvimento de melanoma cutâneo. Dessa forma, o diagnóstico clínico das lesões pigmentadas é de grande importância para diferenciar lesões benignas, atípicas e malignas. A dermatoscopia surgiu como um exame auxiliar in vivo, com papel fundamental no diagnóstico de lesões pigmentadas. Como permite a visualização das estruturas localizadas abaixo do estrato córneo, traz uma nova dimensão morfológica dessas lesões para o dermatologista, permitindo maior precisão diagnóstica, porém, o diagnóstico padrão ouro é a histopatologia. OBJETIVOS: Estabelecer a sensibilidade e especificidade da dermatoscopia no Serviço de Dermatologia do Ambulatório do Hospital de Base da cidade de São José do Rio Preto, SP, no diagnóstico de lesões pigmentadas com suspeita de malignidade (nevos atípicos), comparando o diagnóstico dermatoscópico ao histopatológico. MÉTODOS: Análise de nevos melanocíticos por dermatoscopia e conseqüente biópsia em caso de suspeita de atipia, ou caso o paciente desejar, para realizar posterior diagnóstico histopatológico. RESULTADOS: Sensibilidade: 93%. Especificidade: 42%. CONCLUSÕES: A dermatoscopia é um método altamente sensível para o diagnóstico de nevos melanocíticos atípicos. Apesar da baixa especificidade, apresentando grande quantidade de diagnósticos falsos positivos, o método é eficaz no objetivo de rastrear lesões com características suspeitas de malignidade.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of cutaneous melanoma is increasing worldwide. Since it is an aggressive neoplasm, it is difficult to treat in advanced stages; early diagnosis is important to heal the patient. Melanocytic nevi are benign pigmented skin lesions while atypical nevi are associated with the risk of developing melanoma because they have a different histological pattern than common nevi. Thus, the clinical diagnosis of pigmented lesions is of great importance to differentiate benign, atypical and malignant lesions. Dermoscopy appeared as an auxiliary test in vivo, playing an important role in the diagnosis of pigmented lesions, because it allows the visualization of structures located below the stratum corneum. It shows a new morphological dimension of these lesions to the dermatologist and allows greater diagnostic accuracy. However, histopathology is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: To establish the sensitivity and specificity of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of pigmented lesions suspected of malignancy (atypical nevi), comparing both the dermatoscopic with the histopathological diagnosis, at the Dermatology Service of the outpatient clinic of Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, SP. METHODS: Analysis of melanocytic nevi by dermoscopy and subsequent biopsy on suspicion of atypia or if the patient so desires, for subsequent histopathological diagnosis. RESULTS: Sensitivity: 93%. Specificity: 42%. CONCLUSIONS: Dermoscopy is a highly sensitive method for the diagnosis of atypical melanocytic nevi. Despite the low specificity with many false positive diagnoses, the method is effective for scanning lesions with suspected features of malignancy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0365-05962013000200002 2560 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Are sustainable companies less risky and more profitable?
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Nunes, Tânia Cristina Silva

; Nova, Silvia Casa

; Cornacchione, Edgard

; Garcia, Solange

Revista de Administração (São Paulo)

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sep 2012, Volume 47 N. 3 Pages 422 - 435

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O objetivo neste trabalho foi verificar se havia diferenças significativas nos indicadores contábeis das empresas sustentáveis em relação a outras companhias não reconhecidas como sustentáveis. O Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE) da BM foi o critério selecionado para separação da amostra em empresas sustentáveis ou não. Os indicadores contábeis analisados foram divididos em duas categorias: risco (taxa de pagamento de dividendos, crescimento percentual do ativo, alavancagem financeira, liquidez corrente, tamanho do ativo, variabilidade do lucro, beta contábil) e retorno (ROA, ROE, giro do ativo, margem líquida), identificados na revisão da literatura. Foram analisadas, individualmente, companhias do setor de energia elétrica e do setor bancário, além de ter sido realizada uma análise sem divisão setorial para a carteira 2008/2009 do ISE. Para verificação da diferença de médias entre os grupos foi utilizado o teste de Mann-Whitney (α ≤ 0,05). Os resultados, de maneira geral, e feitas as devidas considerações sobre o método utilizado e o período estudado, indicam que não há diferenças, medidas pelos indicadores contábeis selecionados, entre as empresas sustentáveis e as que não são assim consideradas.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were significant differences in accounting indicators when comparing sustainable enterprises to other similar companies that are not considered as sustainable. The Corporate Sustainability Index of BM (São Paulo Stock, Commodities and Futures Exchange) was the criterion selected to break down the samples into sustainable and non-sustainable enterprises. The accounting indicators were separated into two kinds: risk (dividend payout, percentage growth of assets, financial leverage, current liquidity, asset size, variability of earnings, and accounting beta) and return (ROA, ROE, asset turnover, and net margin). We individually analyzed the companies in the energy sector, followed by those in the banking sector, as well as the entire ISE portfolio as of 2008/2009, including all the sectors. Mann-Whitney tests were performed in order to verify the difference of the means between the groups (ISE and non-ISE). The results, considering the method chosen and the time span covered by the study, indicate that there are no differences between sustainable companies and the others, when they are assessed by the accounting indicators used here.

El objetivo en este estudio fue determinar si existían diferencias significativas en los indicadores contables de las empresas sostenibles en relación con otras empresas no reconocidas como sostenibles. El Índice de Sostenibilidad Empresarial (ISE) de BM fue el criterio utilizado para dividir la muestra en empresas sostenibles o no. Se dividieron los indicadores contables analizados en dos categorías: de riesgo (tasa de pago de dividendos, porcentaje de crecimiento de activos, apalancamiento financiero, liquidez corriente, tamaño de los activos, variabilidad de los ingresos y beta contable) y de retorno (ROA, ROE, rotación de activos, margen neto), identificados en la revisión de la literatura. Se analizaron, de forma individual, empresas del sector de electricidad y de la banca, además, se hizo un análisis sin división sectorial de la cartera 2008/2009 del ISE. Para la verificación de la diferencia de medias entre los grupos se utilizó el test de Mann-Whitney. Los resultados, en general, y teniendo en cuenta el método utilizado y el período estudiado, indican que no hay diferencias, medidas por los indicadores contables seleccionados, entre las empresas sostenibles y las que no son así consideradas.

4679 downloads

Analysis of the NTPDase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase profiles in serum-limited Trichomonas vaginalis
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Frasson, Amanda Piccoli

; Charão, Mariele Feiffer

; Rosemberg, Denis Broock

; Souza, Ana Paula de

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

; Bonorino, Cristina

; Bogo, Maurício Reis

; De Carli, Geraldo Attilio

; Tasca, Tiana

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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mar 2012, Volume 107 N. 2 Pages 170 - 177

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Trichomonas vaginalis is a parasite of the human urogenital tract that causes trichomonosis, the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted disease. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) family members, which hydrolyse extracellular ATP and ADP and ecto-5′-nucleotidase, which hydrolyses AMP, have been characterised in T. vaginalis. For trichomonad culture, the growth medium is supplemented with 10% serum, which is an important source of nutrients, such as adenosine. Here, we investigated the ATP metabolism of T. vaginalis trophozoites from long-term cultures and clinical isolates under limited bovine serum conditions (1% serum). The specific enzymatic activities were expressed as nmol inorganic phosphate (Pi) released/min/mg protein, the gene expression patterns were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, the extracellular adenine nucleotide hydrolysis was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography and the cell cycle analysis was assessed by flow cytometry. Serum limitation led to the profound activation of NTPDase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase activities. Furthermore, the levels of NTPDase A and B transcripts increased and extracellular ATP metabolism was activated, which led to enhanced ATP hydrolysis and the formation of ADP and AMP. Moreover, the cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 stage, which suggested adenosine uptake. Our data suggest that under conditions of serum limitation, NTPDase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase play a role in providing the adenosine required for T. vaginalis growth and that this process contributes to the establishment of parasitism.

3067 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Designer drugs: aspectos analíticos e biológicos
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Bulcão, Rachel

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

; Limberger, Renata Pereira

; Baierle, Marília

; Arbo, Marcelo Dutra

; Chasin, Alice Aparecida da Matta

; Thiesen, Flávia Valladão

; Tavares, Rejane

Química Nova

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2012, Volume 35 N. 1 Pages 149 - 158

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

In the recent years, analytical toxicologists have been facing difficulties in detecting designer drugs due to the chemical modifications on the existing structures and the speed in which they are released into the market, requiring the development and improvement of specific and appropriate analytical methods. This work is a review of the literature which summarizes the characteristics of the drugs and the analytical validated methods using conventional and unconventional matrices currently used for correct identification and quantification of the following classes of emerging drugs of abuse: derivatives of opiates, amphetamines, tryptamines, piperazines and cannabinoids.

23276 downloads

Quantificação sérica de vitamina C por CLAE-UV e estudo de estabilidade
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Baierle, Marília

; Bairros, André de

; Moreira, Ana Paula

; Bulcão, Rachel

; Roehrs, Miguel

; Freitas, Fernando de

; Durgante, Juliano

; Brucker, Natália

; Charão, Mariele

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

Química Nova

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2012, Volume 35 N. 2 Pages 403 - 407

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Vitamin C, an exogenous antioxidant, is essential to human health. In this study, a method was validated to serum vitamin C quantification by HPLC-UV. Its stability with and without the use of tris [2-carboxy-ethyl] phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP), at -20 and -80 °C, in serum and supernatant were also evaluated. Analysis showed r² > 0.99, precision CV% < 15% and % bias < 15%, being linear, precise and accurate. The stability test revealed that using TCEP in serum storage at -20 and -80 °C or in supernatant at -80 °C the vitamin C levels remain stable for 30 and 12 days, respectively.

9623 downloads

10.

Possíveis efeitos do cobre sanguíneo sobre parâmetros hematológicos em idosas
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Baierle, Marília

; Valentini, Juliana

; Paniz, Clóvis

; Moro, Angela

; Barbosa Junior, Fernando

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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dec 2010, Volume 46 N. 6 Pages 463 - 470

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: O cobre é um elemento traço essencial e sua homeostase é importante, principalmente em idosos, uma vez que seu metabolismo está associado a doenças neurodegenerativas e distúrbios na eritropoiese, entre outros. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo avaliou a associação entre cupremia, parâmetros hematológicos e estresse oxidativo. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Amostras de sangue de 39 mulheres idosas (grupo de estudo) e de 20 indivíduos adultos saudáveis (grupo-controle) foram coletadas. As concentrações de cobre sérico foram quantificadas por espectrometria de massa por plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS), a atividade e o índice de reativação da enzima δ-aminolevulinato desidratase (ALA-D) foram determinados por espectrofotometria e parâmetros sanguíneos foram analisados em sistema automatizado. Os resultados foram expressos em média ± desvio padrão (DP). RESULTADOS: As concentrações de cobre, parâmetros hematológicos e índice de reativação da ALA-D para ambos os grupos encontraram-se dentro dos valores de referência. Porém, a atividade da ALA-D (11,47 ± 2,81 U.L-1) foi significativamente inferior no grupo de estudo em comparação com o grupo-controle. Correlações de Spearman (observadas somente nas mulheres idosas) entre as concentrações de cobre versus hemoglobina, hematócrito e atividade da ALA-D foram -0,384; -0,408 e -0,395, respectivamente (p < 0,05). No entanto, o índice de reativação da ALA não apresentou correlação com a cupremia. DISCUSSÃO E CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados mostraram que o cobre, mesmo estando nos limites considerados valores de referência, pode estar envolvido na inibição da ALA-D, o que pode alterar parâmetros hematológicos, como a síntese de hemoglobina. Neste sentido, sugere-se que os níveis de referência para o cobre em idosos sejam reavaliados.

INTRODUCTION: Copper is an essential trace element, and its homeostasis is important, mainly among the elderly, since their metabolism is associated with neurodegenerative diseases and erythropoiesis disorders, among others. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the association among cupremia, hematological parameters and oxidative stress. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples from 39 elderly women (study group) and 20 health individuals (control group) were collected. The concentrations of serum copper were quantified by ICP-MS. The activity and enzyme ALA-D reactivation index were determined by spectrophotometry and blood parameters were analyzed in the automated system. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. RESULTS: Concentrations of copper, hematological parameters and ALA-D reactivation were within the reference values in both groups. However, ALA-D activity (11.47 ± 2.81 UL-1) was significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group. Spearman correlations (observed only in elderly women) between copper concentration versus hemoglobin, hematocrit and ALA-D activity were -0.384, -0.408 and -0.395, respectively (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, ALA reactivation index was not related to cupremia. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results showed that copper, although it is within accepted reference values, may be involved in ALA-D inhibition, which may affect hematological parameters such as hemoglobin synthesis. Thus, the reference levels for copper in the elderly should be reviewed.

8760 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

11.

Percepções e atitudes de professores de escolas públicas e privadas perante o tema drogas
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Ferreira, Tatiana Cristina Diniz

; Sanchez, Zila van der Meer

; Ribeiro, Luciana Abeid

; Oliveira, Lúcio Garcia de

; Nappo, Solange Aparecida

Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação

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sep 2010, Volume 14 N. 34 Pages 551 - 562

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

No Brasil, apesar de os professores serem considerados como agentes potenciais para a prevenção do uso de drogas, há mais de duas décadas os programas escolares de prevenção não têm alcançado os resultados esperados. Com o intuito de auxiliar a identificação da origem do problema, foram avaliadas as percepções/ atitudes de professores sobre o tema. Participaram da pesquisa vinte professores do Ensino Fundamental e Médio da cidade de São Paulo, com os quais foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Embora esses profissionais se reconheçam como formadores de opinião, não se consideram suficientemente habilitados para tratar do tema com seus alunos, seja pela sua falta de informação, interesse ou habilidade para abordar o assunto. Quanto à informação sobre o tema, verificou-se haver uma baixa percepção sobre o risco associado às drogas lícitas. Perante estes resultados, sugere-se que os programas de prevenção destinados ao ambiente escolar sejam revistos e tenham a participação de profissionais especializados.

In Brazil, although teachers are considered potential agents for prevention of drug use, school-based prevention programs have not achieved the expected results over a period of more than two decades. Aiming to help in identifying the origin of the problem, teachers' perceptions and attitudes regarding this issue were evaluated. Twenty elementary and high school teachers in the city of São Paulo participated in this study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with them. Although these professionals recognized that they were opinion formers, they did not consider that they had sufficient skills to deal with this topic among their students, because of lack of information, interest or ability to deal with it. Regarding the information on this topic, it was found that there was low perception of risks associated with legal drugs. Given these results, it is suggested that school-based prevention programs should be reviewed and should involve participation by specialized professionals.

En Brasil, pese a que los profesores se consideran como agentes potenciales para la prevención del uso de drogas, hace más de 20 años los programas escolares de prevención no han alcanzado los resultados esperados. Con la intención de auxiliar la identificación del origen del problema se evaluaron las percepciones/actitudes de profesores de la enseñanza fundamental y media de la ciudad brasileña de São Paulo con los cuales se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Aunque estos profesionales se reconozcan como formadores de opinión, no se consideran suficientemente habilitados para tratar el tema con sus alumnos, ya por su falta de información, interés o habilidad para afrontar el asunto. En cuanto a la información sobre el tema se ha verificado baja percepción, del riesgo asociado a las drogas lícitas. Antes tales resultados se sugiere que los programas de prevención destinados al ambiente escolar se revisen con la participaciónde profesionales especializados.

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12.

Percepções e atitudes de professores de escolas públicas e privadas perante o tema drogas
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Ferreira, Tatiana Cristina Diniz

; Sanchez, Zila van der Meer

; Ribeiro, Luciana Abeid

; Oliveira, Lúcio Garcia de

; Nappo, Solange Aparecida

Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação

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sep 2010, Volume 14 N. 34 Pages 551 - 562

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

6360 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

13.

Intoxicação em cães e gatos: diagnóstico toxicológico empregando cromatografia em camada delgada e cromatografia líquida de alta pressão com detecção ultravioleta em amostras estomacais
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Bulcão, Rachel Picada

; Tonello, Raquel

; Piva, Sílvia Juliane

; Schmitt, Gabriela Cristina

; Emanuelli, Tatiana

; Dallegrave, Eliane

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

Ciência Rural

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may 2010, Volume 40 N. 5 Pages 1109 - 1113

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Agrotóxicos e raticidas são responsáveis por inúmeras intoxicações humanas e animais. Dados preliminares sugerem que o uso ilegal desses compostos com a finalidade de intoxicação fatal em pequenos animais é uma prática comum na região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX) recebe amostras de casos em que a principal suspeita é a intoxicação por agrotóxicos ou raticidas (lícitos e ilícitos). O presente estudo teve como objetivo apresentar um levantamento das intoxicações de pequenos animais, analisadas pelo LATOX no período de 2004 a 2008, sendo identificados os xenobióticos por meio de métodos analíticos otimizados pelo laboratório, incluindo screening por cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD) e possível confirmação por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE-UV). No período, foram analisadas 68 amostras oriundas de intoxicações em cães e gatos. As amostras biológicas analisadas foram o estômago e o conteúdo estomacal, das quais a CCD permitiu a identificação de carbamatos, warfarina e estricnina. Esta mostrou ser uma técnica qualitativa eficiente e adequada para esse propósito, além de ser relativamente rápida, de baixo custo e de sofrer pouca interferência de componentes da matriz. Também foi realizado um screening toxicológico por CLAE-UV para os carbamatos n-metilados: aldicarb, carbaril, carbofuran e propoxur. O resultado das análises indicou que o principal agente tóxico encontrado foi o aldicarb (chumbinho), responsável por 39,7% das intoxicações (27 casos), seguido por estricnina (seis casos), warfarina (três casos) e monofluoracetato de sódio (um caso). Sendo assim, o "chumbinho" foi o principal agente envolvido em intoxicações de cães e gatos na região central do Estado no período avaliado, e os métodos analíticos CCD e CLAE-UV podem ser utilizados de forma eficiente na rotina laboratorial para identificação e confirmação dos xenobióticos mais envolvidos nessas intoxicações.

The pesticides and rodenticides are responsible for several human and animal intoxications. Preliminary data suggest that the illegal use of these compounds to poison small animals is a common practice in the central region of the Rio Grande do Sul state. The Laboratory of Toxicology received samples, of cases in which the main suspected cause of death is poisoning by pesticides or exogenous rodenticides (licit and illicit). The aim of this study was show the survey of small animals poisoned and analyzed by LATOX during the period of 2004 to 2008 identifying the xenobiotics by optimized analytical methods, including screening by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a possible confirmation by high performance liquid chromatography - ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). In this period 68 samples were analyzed from small poisoned animals. The biological samples analyzed were stomach and stomach content and the TLC permitted carbamates, warfarin and stricnine identification. This proved to be an efficient and adequate technique for this purpose, relatively fast, inexpensive and with low matrix interference. The screening by HPLC for N-methyl carbamates was also realized: aldicarb, carbaryl, carbofuran and propoxur. The analysis showed that the main toxic agent found was aldicarb (chumbinho), responsible for 39.7% of poisoning (27 cases), followed by stricnine (6 cases), warfarin (3 cases) and sodium monofluoracetate (1 case). Thus, the 'chumbinho' was the main agent involved in dogs and cats poisoning in the central region of the state, during the analyzed period. The analytical methods TLC and HPLC can be used efficiently in laboratorial routine for identification and confirmation of xenobiotics involved in these poisonings.

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14.

Presence of p-synephrine in teas commercialized in Porto Alegre (RS/Brazil)
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Arbo, Marcelo Dutra

; Braun, Paulini

; Leal, Mirna Bainy

; Larentis, Elisa Raup

; Aboy, Ana Lucia

; Bulcão, Rachel Picada

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

; Limberger, Renata Pereira

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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jun 2009, Volume 45 N. 2 Pages 273 - 278

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Citrus aurantium (laranjeira-azeda) é caracterizada pela presença de p-sinefrina, amina estrutural e farmacologicamente similar à efedrina. Além de poder causar efeitos adversos similares aos da efedrina, atualmente acredita-se que níveis endógenos alterados de p-sinefrina possam estar associados à causa da enxaqueca. Folhas e frutos desta espécie são largamente comercializados na forma de chá e em preparados de erva-mate, sem que sejam considerados os riscos associados ao seu uso. Neste sentido, este trabalho descreve uma pesquisa em chás e preparados de erva-mate comercializados em Porto Alegre, para verificar a presença de C. aurantium e p-sinefrina. Comparando com a quantidade média disponível nas prateleiras dos supermercados, cerca de 20% dos chás e 10% dos preparados de erva-mate declaravam nos rótulos conter C. aurantium. De uma amostragem de 15 chás e 2 preparados de erva-mate selecionados para análise, em todos foi caracterizada a presença de p-sinefrina com níveis variando de 0,0040 a 0,2308%, levando ao alerta de que mesmo sendo naturais, estes produtos podem não ser destituídos de reações adversas.

Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) is characterized by the presence of p-synephrine, an amine structurally and pharmacologically related to ephedrine. Besides the same adverse effects as ephedrine, nowadays it is believed that altered levels of p-synephrine can be associated to the occurrence of migraine and cluster headaches. Leaves and fruits of this species are highly commercialized in form of teas and herbal preparations, but without taking into account the risks associated with its use. This work describes a survey of teas and herbal preparations containing C. aurantium, commercialized in Porto Alegre (RS/Brazil), in order to verify the presence of p-synephrine. Comparing with the mean amount available in the supermarkets, around 20% of the teas and 10% of the herbal preparations declared the presence of C. aurantium in their labels. In a sampling of 15 teas and 2 herbal preparations selected for the analysis, the presence of p-synephrine was characterized in all samples, with levels between 0.0040 to 0.2308%, leading to a caution that even being natural products, they are not free of adverse effects.

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15.

Importance of the lipid peroxidation biomarkers and methodological aspects FOR malondialdehyde quantification
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Grotto, Denise

; Maria, Lucas Santa

; Valentini, Juliana

; Paniz, Clóvis

; Schmitt, Gabriela

; Garcia, Solange Cristina

; Pomblum, Valdeci Juarez

; Rocha, João Batista T.

; Farina, Marcelo

Química Nova

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2009, Volume 32 N. 1 Pages 169 - 174

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Free radicals induce lipid peroxidation, playing an important role in pathological processes. The injury mediated by free radicals can be measured by conjugated dienes, malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, and others. However, malondialdehyde has been pointed out as the main product to evaluate lipid peroxidation. Most assays determine malondialdehyde by its reaction with thiobarbituric acid, which can be measured by indirect (spectrometry) and direct methodologies (chromatography). Though there is some controversy among the methodologies, the selective HPLC-based assays provide a more reliable lipid peroxidation measure. This review describes significant aspects about MDA determination, its importance in pathologies and biological samples treatment.

42191 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

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