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[SciELO Preprints] - Tailoring evidence into action: using a codesign approach for biodiversity information in the Tropical Andes
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Valdez, Jose W. Pereira, Henrique M. Morejón, Gustavo Francisco Acosta‐Muñoz, Cristina Garcia, Francisco Javier Bonet Vergara, Lucía Castro Claros, Xavier R. Gill, Michael J. Josse, Carmen Lafuente‐Cartagena, Indyra Langstroth, Robert Sheppard, Sidney Novoa Orihuela, Gabriela Prieto‐Albuja, Francisco J. Quillahuaman, Natividad Terán, Marcos F. Zambrana‐Torrelio, Carlos M. Navarro, Laetitia M. Fernandez, Miguel

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Publication date: 2023-10-19

Abstract: En Es Pt

Biodiversity conservation is a complex and transdisciplinary problem that requires engagement and cooperation among scientific, societal, economic, and political institutions. However, historical approaches have often failed to bring together and address the needs of all relevant stakeholders in decision‐making processes. The Tropical Andes, a biodiversity hotspot where conservation efforts often conflict with socioeconomic issues and policies that prioritize economic development, provides an ideal model to develop and implement more effective approaches. In this study, we present a co‐design approach that mainstreams and improves the flow of biodiversity information in the Tropical Andes, while creating tailored outputs that meet the needs of economic and societal stakeholders. We employed a consultative process that brought together biodiversity information users and producers at the local, national, and regional levels through a combination of surveys and workshops. This approach identified priority needs and limitations of the flow of biodiversity information in the region, which led to the co‐design of user‐relevant biodiversity indicators. By leveraging the existing capacities of biodiversity information users and producers, we were able to co‐design multiple biodiversity indicators and prioritize two for full implementation ensuring that the data was findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable based on the FAIR principles. This approach helped address limitations that were identified in the stakeholder engagement process, including gaps in data availability and the need for more accessible biodiversity information. Additionally, capacity‐building workshops were incorporated for all producers of biodiversity information involved, which aimed to not only improve the current flow of biodiversity information in the region but also facilitate its future sustainability. Our approach can serve as a valuable blueprint for mainstreaming biodiversity information and making it more inclusive in the future, especially considering the diverse worldviews, values, and knowledge systems between science, policy, and practice.

La conservación de la biodiversidad es un problema complejo y transdisciplinario que requiere el compromiso y la cooperación entre instituciones científicas, sociales, económicas y políticas. Sin embargo, los enfoques tradicionales/convencionales  a menudo no logran  reunir y abordar las necesidades de todos los actores relevantes en los procesos de toma de decisiones. Los Andes tropicales, un área clave  de biodiversidad donde los esfuerzos de conservación a menudo entran en conflicto con cuestiones socioeconómicas y políticas que priorizan el desarrollo económico, proporcionan un modelo ideal para desarrollar e implementar enfoques más efectivos. En este estudio, presentamos un enfoque co-diseño que integra y mejora el flujo de información sobre biodiversidad en los Andes tropicales, creando resultados personalizados que satisfacen las necesidades, tanto económicas como sociales, de las partes interesadas. Empleamos un proceso de consulta que reunió a usuarios y productores de información sobre biodiversidad a nivel local, nacional y regional, a través de encuestas y talleres. Este enfoque ha permitido identificar necesidades prioritarias y limitaciones del flujo de información sobre biodiversidad en la región; lo cual llevó al codiseño de indicadores de biodiversidad relevantes para los usuarios. Aprovechando las capacidades existentes de los usuarios y productores de información sobre biodiversidad, pudimos co-diseñar múltiples indicadores de biodiversidad y priorizar dos de estos para su implementación completa, asegurando que los datos sean localizables, accesibles, interoperables y reutilizables, según los principios FAIR. Este enfoque ayudó a abordar las limitaciones que se identificaron en el proceso de participación de las partes interesadas; incluidas las brechas en la disponibilidad de datos y la necesidad de información sobre biodiversidad más accesible. Además, se incorporaron talleres de desarrollo de capacidades para todos los productores de información sobre biodiversidad involucrados, los cuales apuntaron no sólo a mejorar el flujo actual de información sobre biodiversidad en la región, sino también facilitar su sostenibilidad futura. Nuestro enfoque puede servir como un modelo valioso para incorporar la información sobre biodiversidad y hacerla más inclusiva en el futuro; especialmente si consideramos las diversas perspectivas globales, valores y sistemas de conocimiento implicados en las interacciones entre  la ciencia, la política y su aplicación práctica.

A conservação da biodiversidade é um problema complexo e transdisciplinar que requer compromisso e cooperação entre instituições científicas, sociais, económicas e políticas. No entanto, as abordagens tradicionais/convencionais muitas vezes não conseguem reunir e responder às necessidades de todos os intervenientes relevantes nos processos de tomada de decisão. Os Andes tropicais, uma área chave para a biodiversidade onde os esforços de conservação entram frequentemente em conflito com questões socioeconómicas e políticas que dão prioridade ao desenvolvimento económico, fornecem um modelo ideal para desenvolver e implementar abordagens mais eficazes. Neste estudo, apresentamos uma abordagem de co-design que integra e melhora o fluxo de informações sobre biodiversidade nos Andes tropicais, criando resultados personalizados que atendem às necessidades, tanto econômicas quanto sociais, das partes interessadas. Empregamos um processo de consulta que reuniu usuários e produtores de informações sobre biodiversidade nos níveis local, nacional e regional, por meio de pesquisas e workshops. Esta abordagem permitiu identificar necessidades prioritárias e limitações do fluxo de informação sobre a biodiversidade na região; o que levou à concepção conjunta de indicadores de biodiversidade relevantes para os utilizadores. Aproveitando as capacidades existentes dos utilizadores e produtores de informação sobre biodiversidade, fomos capazes de conceber em conjunto vários indicadores de biodiversidade e priorizar dois deles para implementação total, garantindo que os dados sejam localizáveis, acessíveis, interoperáveis e reutilizáveis, de acordo com os princípios FAIR. Esta abordagem ajudou a resolver as limitações identificadas no processo de envolvimento das partes interessadas; incluindo lacunas na disponibilidade de dados e a necessidade de informações mais acessíveis sobre biodiversidade. Além disso, foram incorporados workshops de capacitação para todos os produtores de informação sobre biodiversidade envolvidos, que visaram não só melhorar o fluxo actual de informação sobre biodiversidade na região, mas também facilitar a sua sustentabilidade futura. A nossa abordagem pode servir como um modelo valioso para incorporar informações sobre biodiversidade e torná-las mais inclusivas no futuro; especialmente se considerarmos as diversas perspectivas globais, valores e sistemas de conhecimento envolvidos nas interações entre ciência, política e sua aplicação prática.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.7092

Modified Dunn Technique for Unstable Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis: A Midterm Single Center Experience
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Vallim, Frederico Coutinho de Moura

; Cruz, Henrique Abreu da

; Silva, Carlos Francisco Bittencourt

; Abreu, Caroline Sandra Gomes de

; Rodrigues, Ricardo Carneiro

; Cunha, Marcio Garcia

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

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aug 2023, Volume 58 N. 4 Pages 632 - 638

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective To evaluate the safety and reproducibility of the surgery for unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) through the modified Dunn technique in a single center cohort from Brazil. Methods We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of patients submitted to this procedure by a single surgeon who was a hip preservation specialist. Demographic data and radiographic angles were evaluated for the relative risk (RR) of avascular necrosis (AVN) using a log-binomial regression model with simple and random effects. Results Among the 30 patients (30 hips) with a mean age of 11.79 years at the time of the operation, there were 17 boys and 18 left hips, which were operated on in a mean of 11.5 days after the slip. The mean follow-up was of 38 months. The preoperative Southwick angle averaged 60.69° against 4.52° postoperatively (p< 0.001). A larger preoperative slip angle was associated with the development of AVN (RR: 1.05; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.02–1.07; p< 0.01). The overall AVN rate was of 26.7%. Function was good or excellent in 86% of uncomplicated hips, and poor in 87.5% of the partients who developed AVN, as graded by the Harris Hip Score. There was no statistical relationship between epiphyseal bleeding and AVN development (p= 0.82). Conclusion The modified Dunn technique is associated with restoration of the femoral alignment and function after unstable SCFE, when uncomplicated. Moreover, it was shown to be reproducible in our population, with a rate of 26% of femoral head necrosis.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a segurança e a reprodutibilidade da cirurgia para escorregamento da epífise femoral proximal (EEPF) com instabilidade por meio da técnica de Dunn modificada em uma coorte unicêntrica no Brasil. Métodos Analisamos de forma retrospectiva uma coorte de pacientes submetidos a esse procedimento por um único cirurgião especialista em preservação do quadril. Avaliamos os dados demográficos e os ângulos radiográficos quanto ao risco relativo (RR) de necrose avascular (NAV) por meio do modelo de regressão log-binomial com efeitos simples e aleatórios. Resultados Entre os 30 pacientes (30 quadris) com idade média de 11,79 anos no momento da cirurgia, havia 17 meninos e 18 quadris esquerdos. O procedimento ocorreu em média 11,5 dias após o escorregamento. O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi de 38 meses. O ângulo de Southwick pré-operatório foi, em média, de 60,69° contra 4,52° após o procedimento (p< 0,001). O maior ângulo de escorregamento pré-operatório foi associado ao desenvolvimento de NAV (RR: 1,05; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 1,02–1,07; p< 0,01). A frequência geral de NAV foi de 26,7%. De acordo com a Escala de Quadril de Harris (Harris Hip Score), a função foi boa ou excelente em 86% dos quadris sem complicações, e ruim em 87,5% dos casos com NAV. Não houve relação estatística entre sangramento epifisário e desenvolvimento de NAV (p= 0,82). Conclusão A técnica de Dunn modificada restaura o alinhamento femoral e a função articular após o EEPF com instabilidade na ausência de complicações. Além disso, mostrou-se passível de reprodução em nossa população, com frequência de necrose da cabeça femoral de 26%.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758362

Parasitism of Automeris liberia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) by tachinids (Diptera: Tachinidae) in oil palm in the Brazilian Amazon Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Saturniidae Diptera (Diptera Tachinidae
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SILVA, Kelly Barbosa da

; SILVA, Chryslane Barbosa da

; GOULART, Henrique Fonseca

; TINÔCO, Ricardo Salles

; SOUZA, Jose Malta de

; CHIA, Gilson Sanchez

; GARCIA, Carlos Henrique

; TOMA, Ronaldo

; GUZZO, Elio Cesar

Acta Amazonica

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mar 2023, Volume 53 N. 1 Pages 20 - 23

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Lagartas de Automeris liberia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) são importantes desfolhadoras da palma de óleo, Elaeis guineensis (Arecaceae) nas Américas Central e do Sul. A família Tachinidae (Diptera) compreende moscas parasitoides de muitos insetos-praga, principalmente da ordem Lepidoptera. Contudo, o registro de hospedeiros de taquinídeos ainda é relativamente escasso. No presente trabalho, relatamos a ocorrência de Belvosia sp. aff. williamsi (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Goniini) e Leptostylum oligothrix (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Blondeliini) parasitando lagartas de A. liberia em E. guineensis no município de Tailândia, Pará, Brasil. Trata-se do primeiro registro do parasitismo de A. liberia por Leptostylum no Brasil, bem como o primeiro por Belvosia no mundo. Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Saturniidae óleo Arecaceae (Arecaceae Sul Diptera (Diptera insetospraga, insetospraga insetos praga, praga insetos-praga Contudo escasso trabalho sp aff Exoristinae Goniini Blondeliini E Tailândia Pará Brasil Tratase Trata se mundo

ABSTRACT Automeris liberia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) caterpillars are important defoliators of the African oil palm, Elaeis guineensis (Arecaceae) in Central and South America. The family Tachinidae (Diptera) comprises flies that are parasitoids of many insect pests, mainly from the order Lepidoptera. However, host records for tachinids are still relatively scarce. In the present work, we report the occurrence of Belvosia sp. aff. williamsi (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Goniini) and Leptostylum oligothrix (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Blondeliini) parasitizing caterpillars of A. liberia in E. guineensis in the municipality of Tailândia, state of Pará, Brazil. This is the first record of the parasitism of A. liberia by Leptostylum in Brazil, as well as by Belvosia in the world. Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Saturniidae palm Arecaceae (Arecaceae America Diptera (Diptera pests However scarce work sp aff Exoristinae Goniini Blondeliini A E Tailândia Pará Brazil world

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202201361

High-throughput phenotyping as an auxiliary tool in the selection of corn hybrids for agronomic traits
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Alcântara, Júlia Ferreira de

; Santos, Regimar Garcia dos

; Baio, Fábio Henrique Rojo

; Silva Júnior, Carlos Antonio da

; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo

; Teodoro, Larissa Pereira Ribeiro

Revista Ceres

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jan 2023, Volume 70 N. 1 Pages 106 - 113

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) using vegetation indices (VIs) is an important data source for managing plant breeding programs and can be a promising tool in indirect selection. This study hypothesized that VIs are correlated with agronomic traits in corn, and therefore, HTP can be an auxiliary tool for selecting superior genotypes. The objectives were: i) to analyze the association between agronomic traits and VIs, and ii) to identify superior corn hybrids for the evaluated traits using multivariate techniques. Ten corn hybrids (AGRI 330, AGRI 340, FS575PWU, KTZ006VP3, MG545AW, MG580PW, MG711PW, MZ1780, MZ1952, and TROPI 102) were evaluated for plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), and grain yield (GY). The VIs studied were NDVI, NDRE, EVI, GNDVI, SAVI, and MSAVI. Pearson’s correlation network was constructed to analyze the relationship between the variables, and a canonical analysis was performed to verify the inter-relationship between the variables and hybrids. The VIs evaluated are strongly positively correlated with each other and with PH. The most productive hybrids are MG545AW, FS575PWU and KTZ006VP3. Hybrid MZ1952 has higher correlations with VIs and PH. The findings reveal that VIs can be excellent auxiliary variables for selecting agronomically superior genotypes, being a promising alternative to increase corn breeding efficiency.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202370010012

Study of Melipona quadrifasciata brain under operant learning using proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis
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HERNÁNDEZ, LIUDY G.

; GARCIA, CARLOS HENRIQUE S.

; SOUZA, JAQUES M.F. DE

; CRUZ, GABRIEL C.N. DA

; CALÁBRIA, LUCIANA KAREN

; MORENO, ANTONIO MAURICIO

; ESPINDOLA, FOUED S.

; SOUZA, DEISY G. DE

; SOUSA, MARCELO V. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 1 elocation e20201317

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Learning to anticipate events based on the predictive relationship between an action and an outcome (operant conditioning) is a form of associative learning shared by humans and most of other living beings, including invertebrates. Several behavioral studies on the mechanisms of operant conditioning have included Melipona quadrifasciata, a honey bee that is easily manipulated due to lack of sting. In this work, brain proteomes of Melipona bees trained using operant conditioning and untrained (control) bees were compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis within pI range of 3-10 and 4–7; in order to find proteins specifically related to this type of associative learning.One protein was detected with differential protein abundance in the brains of trained bees, when compared to not trained ones, through computational gel imaging and statistical analysis. This protein was identified by peptide mass fingerprinting and MS/MS peptide fragmentation using a MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometer as one isoform of arginine kinase monomer, apparently dephosphorylated. Brain protein maps were obtained by 2-DE (Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis) from a total proteins and phosphoproteins extract of the bee Melipona quadrifasciata. One isoform of arginine kinase, probably a dephosphorylated isoform, was significantly more abundant in the brain of trained bees using operant conditioning. Arginine kinase has been reported as an important enzyme of the energy releasing process in the visual system of the bee, but it may carry out additional and unexpected functions in the bee brain for learning process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320201317

The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal
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Lamas, Carlos José Einicker

; Fachin, Diego Aguilar

; Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes

; Alcantara, Daniel Máximo Correa de

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Amorim, Dalton de Souza

; Araújo, Maíra Xavier

; Ascendino, Sharlene

; Baldassio, Letícia

; Bellodi, Carolina Ferraz

; Bravo, Freddy

; Calhau, Julia

; Capellari, Renato Soares

; Carmo-Neto, Antonio Marcelino do

; Cegolin, Bianca Melo

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez

; Falcon, Aida Vanessa Gomez

; Fusari, Livia Maria

; Garcia, Carolina de Almeida

; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique

; Gomes, Marina Morim

; Graciolli, Gustavo

; Gudin, Filipe Macedo

; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro

; Krolow, Tiago Kütter

; Mendes, Luanna Layla

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Maia, Valéria Cid

; Marinoni, Luciane

; Mello, Ramon Luciano

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Morales, Mírian Nunes

; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira

; Patiu, Claudemir

; Proença, Barbara

; Pujol-Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis

; Pujol-Luz, José Roberto

; Rafael, José Albertino

; Riccardi, Paula Raile

; Rodrigues, João Paulo Vinicios

; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira

; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb

; Santis, Marcelo Domingos de

; Santos, Charles Morphy Dias dos

; Santos, Josenilson Rodrigues dos

; Savaris, Marcoandre

; Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Schelesky-Prado, Daniel de Castro

; Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de

; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia

; Wiedenbrug, Sofia

; Yamaguchi, Carolina

; Nihei, Silvio Shigueo

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 N. 4 elocation e20230051

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0051

Drosophila nasuta (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in Brazil: a decade of invasion and occupation of more than half of the country
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MARTINS, TEREZA CRISTINA DOS SANTOS L.

; SANTOS, MARIA DE FÁTIMA SEVERINA DOS

; SANTOS, MANUELLA MARIA S.

; ARAÚJO, JULIANA DE SOUZA

; NEVES, CARLOS HENRIQUE C.B.

; GARCIA, ANA CRISTINA LAUER

; MONTES, MARTÍN ALEJANDRO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 2 elocation e20230507

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract As a result of human activities and natural dispersal, exotic species can be brought to new areas, where they become established and spread, becoming invaders. These species are responsible for the loss of biodiversity and cause ecosystemic harm throughout the world. In this paper, we report the rapid, broad geographic expansion of the invasive fly Drosophila nasuta in Brazil. An 84% increase was found in its area of occupation in the country compared to previous studies. The present data reveal its arrival to the Pantanal wetlands in a location more than one thousand kilometers from the closest previous record in the Cerrado biome. We present the first record of D. nasuta in the Atlantic Forest in the states of Paraíba and Bahia. We report its introduction in the Amazon Forest in the state of Amazonas approximately 700 kilometers from previous records. The relative abundance of D. nasuta in this biome increased fivefold in comparison to a previous study. In the first decade of invasion in Brazil, D. nasuta has already colonized more than half of the country. The present data reveal its invasive potential and underscore the importance of following up the possible negative effects of this biological invasion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230507

Antimicrobial activity of products based on potassium monopersulfate on bacteria associated with avian infections
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Moraes, Miguel Augusto

; Oliveira-Silva, Mariana

; Goulart, Rafael Silva

; Gabarra, Manoel Henrique Cintra

; Miranda, Carlos Eduardo Saraiva

; Almeida, Paulo Garcia de

; Pitondo-Silva, André

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 58 elocation e03127

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four new potassium monopersulfate-based products on bacterial biofilms associated with avian infections, in order to disinfect drinking fountains in poultry farms. Initially, tests were performed in planktonic bacterial cells, to verify the antimicrobial activity and the minimum inhibitory concentration of the products, named PA, PB, PC, and PD. These products were tested on mature biofilms of the avian pathogens Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes, grown on specimens preserved in acrylic blocks, by counting colony-forming units, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. All products were effective against the evaluated bacterial species. The PA and PB products inhibited the bacterial growth at ≤ 0.13% concentrations, and PC and PD showed the same effect at ≤ 0.25% concentrations. Furthermore, the PA product was able to eliminate mature biofilms of S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis and L. monocytogenes. The evaluated monopersulfate-based products, notably PA, are effective against bacterial biofilms associated with avian infections and show potential as sanitizers and disinfectants for drinking fountains in poultry farms.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana de quatro novos produtos à base de monopersulfato de potássio em biofilmes bacterianos associados a infecções aviárias, para a desinfecção de bebedouros em granjas avícolas. Inicialmente, realizaram-se testes em células bacterianas planctônicas, para verificar a atividade antimicrobiana e a concentração inibitória mínima dos produtos, denominados PA, PB, PC e PD. Esses produtos foram testados em biofilmes maduros dos patógenos aviários Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis e Listeria monocytogenes, cultivados em espécimes preservados em blocos de acrílico, por meio da contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias, por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e por microscopia de fluorescência confocal. Todos os produtos foram eficazes contra as espécies bacterianas avaliadas. Os produtos PA e PB inibiram o crescimento bacteriano em concentrações ≤ 0,13%, e PC e PD apresentaram o mesmo efeito em concentrações ≤ 0,25%. Além disso, o produto PA foi capaz de eliminar os biofilmes maduros de S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis e L. monocytogenes. Os produtos à base de monopersulfato de potássio avaliados, notadamente o PA, são eficazes contra biofilmes bacterianos associados a infecções aviárias e apresentam potencial como sanitizantes e desinfetantes em bebedouros de granjas avícolas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03127

Características das prescrições de metilfenidato em ambulatório de neuropediatria
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Lima, Carlos Henrique de

; Paiola, Giordano Carlo

; Maier, Alessandra Maria Rocha Rodrigues

; Garcia, Lucas França

; Massuda, Ely Mitie

Saúde em Debate

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dec 2022, Volume 46 N. spe5 Pages 178 - 192

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Methylphenidate is not available through the Unified Health System (SUS), as it is not part of the National List of Essential Medicines. However, methylphenidate 10 mg is available through the public system in Maringá-PR, according to the Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy of the municipality. Retrospective cross-sectional observational study of a quantitative character occurred through the collection of data from the medical records registered in the Management System of the public health network in Maringá-PR, Brazil, by the neuropediatric outpatient clinic in the Basic Health Unit, between January 2017 and November 2019. Data were analyzed by relative and absolute frequency. 339 prescriptions were issued by the responsible neuropediatrician for 107 patients aged 6 to 11 years. There was an uneven geographic distribution of the number of children attended according to the neighborhood of the city, which points to a socioeconomic influence on the medication prescription. It is worth noting peaks of prescriptions coinciding with the period of the school year, following to a national trend. It was concluded that adequate specialized monitoring is a premise for better treatment, not dispensing the longitudinal assistance network. The impact of socioeconomic conditions is significant in the prescription and purchase of the medication.

RESUMO O metilfenidato não é disponibilizado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), pois não faz parte da Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais. Todavia, o metilfenidato 10 mg é disponibilizado pela rede pública em Maringá-PR de acordo com a Política da Assistência Farmacêutica do município. Objetivou-se analisar as características das prescrições médicas de metilfenidato para crianças em ambulatório de neuropediatria vinculado ao SUS no município. Estudo transversal observacional retrospectivo de caráter quantitativo, realizado por meio da coleta de dados dos prontuários cadastrados no Sistema Gestor da rede pública de saúde do município, pelo ambulatório de neuropediatria na Unidade Básica de Saúde, Zona 7, entre janeiro de 2017 e novembro de 2019. Analisaram-se os dados por frequência relativa e absoluta. Emitiram-se 339 prescrições pelo neuropediatra responsável do ambulatório para 107 pacientes de 6 a 11 anos. Notou-se distribuição geográfica desigual das crianças atendidas conforme bairro da cidade, o que denota influência socioeconômica na prescrição de medicamentos. Ressaltam-se picos de prescrições coincidindo com o período do ano letivo escolar. Concluiu-se que o acompanhamento especializado adequado é premissa para o tratamento, não dispensando a rede longitudinal de assistência. Ademais, evidencia-se o impacto das condições socioeconômicas, tanto na prescrição como na aquisição do medicamento.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042022e515

10.

Características das prescrições de metilfenidato em ambulatório de neuropediatria
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Lima, Carlos Henrique de

; Paiola, Giordano Carlo

; Maier, Alessandra Maria Rocha Rodrigues

; Garcia, Lucas França

; Massuda, Ely Mitie

Saúde em Debate

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dec 2022, Volume 46 N. spe5 Pages 178 - 192

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042022e515

11.

Mobilização passiva precoce aumenta a resposta de reatividade vascular em pacientes graves com sepse: um estudo quase-experimental
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Destro, Tamara Rodrigues da Silva

; Biazon, Thaís Marina Pires de Campos

; Pott-Junior, Henrique

; Caruso, Flávia Cristina Rossi

; Andaku, Daniela Kuguimoto

; Garcia, Naiara Molina

; Bonjorno-Junior, José Carlos

; Borghi-Silva, Audrey

; Kawakami, Débora Mayumi de Oliveira

; Castello-Simões, Viviane

; Mendes, Renata Gonçalves

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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dec 2022, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 461 - 468

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the influence of a passive mobilization session on endothelial function in patients with sepsis. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental double-blind and single-arm study with a pre- and postintervention design. Twenty-five patients with a diagnosis of sepsis who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit were included. Endothelial function was assessed at baseline (preintervention) and immediately postintervention by brachial artery ultrasonography. Flow mediated dilatation, peak blood flow velocity and peak shear rate were obtained. Passive mobilization consisted of bilateral mobilization (ankles, knees, hips, wrists, elbows and shoulders), with three sets of ten repetitions each, totaling 15 minutes. Results: After mobilization, we found increased vascular reactivity function compared to preintervention: absolute flow-mediated dilatation (0.57mm ± 0.22 versus 0.17mm ± 0.31; p < 0.001) and relative flow-mediated dilatation (17.1% ± 8.25 versus 5.08% ± 9.16; p < 0.001). Reactive hyperemia peak flow (71.8cm/s ± 29.3 versus 95.3cm/s ± 32.2; p < 0.001) and shear rate (211s ± 113 versus 288s ± 144; p < 0.001) were also increased. Conclusion: A passive mobilization session increases endothelial function in critical patients with sepsis. Future studies should investigate whether a mobilization program can be applied as a beneficial intervention for clinical improvement of endothelial function in patients hospitalized due to sepsis.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a influência de uma sessão de mobilização passiva na função endotelial de pacientes com sepse. Métodos: Este foi um estudo quase-experimental duplo-cego e de braço único com desenho pré e pós-intervenção. Participaram 25 pacientes com diagnóstico de sepse hospitalizados em unidade de terapia intensiva. Avaliou-se a função endotelial basal (pré-intervenção) e imediatamente pós-intervenção por meio de ultrassonografia da artéria braquial. Foram obtidas a dilatação mediada pelo fluxo, a velocidade pico de fluxo sanguíneo e a taxa de cisalhamento pico. A mobilização passiva consistiu na mobilização bilateral (tornozelos, joelhos, quadris, pulsos, cotovelos e ombros), com três séries de dez repetições cada, totalizando 15 minutos. Resultados: Após a mobilização, encontramos aumento da função de reatividade vascular em relação à pré-intervenção: dilatação mediada pelo fluxo absoluta (0,57mm ± 0,22 versus 0,17mm ± 0,31; p < 0,001) e dilatação mediada pelo fluxo relativa (17,1% ± 8,25 versus 5,08% ± 9,16; p < 0,001). O pico de fluxo sanguíneo na hiperemia (71,8cm/s ± 29,3 versus 95,3cm/s ± 32,2; p < 0,001) e a taxa de cisalhamento (211s ± 113 versus 288s ± 144; p < 0,001) também aumentaram. Conclusão: Uma sessão de mobilização passiva foi capaz de aumentar a função endotelial em pacientes graves com sepse. Estudos futuros são necessários para investigar se um programa de mobilização pode ser aplicado como intervenção benéfica para melhorar clinicamente a função endotelial em pacientes hospitalizados por sepse.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220132-pt

12.

Establishment of tropical forage grasses in the Cerrado biome
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Gurgel, Antonio Leandro Chaves

; Difante, Gelson dos Santos

; Costa, Carolina Marques

; Emerenciano Neto, João Virgínio

; Tonhão, Gustavo Henrique

; Ítavo, Luís Carlos Vinhas

; Dias, Alexandre Menezes

; Vilela, Iuri Mesquita Moraes

; Oliveira, Vivian Garcia de

; Lima, Pâmella Cristina da Silva

; Miyake, Andrey William Alce

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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sep 2022, Volume 13 N. 3 Pages 674 - 689

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the time for the establishment of tropical forage grasses in the “Cerrado” biome, based on morphogenetic and structural traits. Three Brachiaria brizantha (Syn. Urochloa brizantha) cultivars (Paiaguás, Ipyporã and Marandu) and two Panicum maximum (Syn. Megathyrsus maximus) cultivars (Quênia and Tamani) were distributed in a randomized-block design with four replicates. Morphogenetic and structural traits of the pasture were assessed from d 35 to d 65 after sowing, at seven-day interval. Canopy height rose linearly with the establishment period, in all cultivars. In the Megathyrsus cultivars, tiller density decreased as the experimental period progressed, whereas the number of tillers in the Urochloa cultivars increased. The cultivars Ipyporã and Marandu had the highest leaf appearance rates. The lowest leaf elongation rates occurred in the cultivars Paiaguás, Ipyporã and Tamani, and the highest elongation rates in cv. Quênia. As a result, cv. Quênia showed the highest values of final leaf length (64.9 cm) and leaf blade mass (3,352.9 kg DM ha-1). The higher senescence rate of cv. Tamani (2.1 cm tiller-1 d-1) resulted in the highest percentage of dead material (1,815.5 kg ha-1) being found in the herbage mass of this cultivar. Cultivars Paiaguás, Marandu and Tamani were established at 44 d, whereas cv. Quênia and Ipyporã were established at 51 and 58 d after sowing, respectively, in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Resumen Este estudio se llevó a cabo para evaluar el tiempo para el establecimiento de gramíneas forrajeras tropicales en el bioma del “Cerrado”, con base en rasgos morfogenéticos y estructurales. Se distribuyeron tres cultivares (Paiaguás, Ipyporã y Marandu) de Brachiaria brizantha (Sin. Urochloa brizantha) y dos cultivares (Quênia y Tamani) de Panicum maximum (Sin. Megathyrsus maximus) en un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los rasgos morfogenéticos y estructurales del pasto se evaluaron desde el día 35 hasta el día 65 después de la siembra, a intervalos de siete días. La altura del dosel aumentó linealmente con el período de establecimiento, en todos los cultivares. En los cultivares de Megathyrsus, la densidad de macollos disminuyó a medida que avanzaba el período experimental, mientras que el número de macollos en los cultivares de Urochloa aumentó. Los cultivares Ipyporã y Marandu tuvieron las tasas más altas de aparición foliar. Las tasas de elongación foliar más bajas se presentaron en los cultivares Paiaguás, Ipyporã y Tamani, y las tasas de elongación más altas en el cv. Quênia. Como resultado, el cv. Quênia mostró los valores más altos de longitud foliar final (64.9 cm) y masa de lámina foliar (3,352.9 kg MS ha-1). La mayor tasa de senescencia del cv. Tamani (2.1 cm macollo-1 d-1) dio como resultado que el mayor porcentaje de material muerto (1,815.5 kg ha-1) se encontrara en la masa de forraje de este cultivar. Los cultivares Paiaguás, Marandu y Tamani se establecieron a los 44 d, mientras que los cv. Quênia e Ipyporã se establecieron a los 51 y 58 días después de la siembra, respectivamente, en el Cerrado brasileño.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i3.6039 17 downloads

13.

Demografia médica em municípios em extrema pobreza no Brasil
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Luizeti, Bárbara Okabaiasse

; Lima, Carlos Henrique de

; Garcia, Lucas França

; Massuda, Ely Mitie

Revista Bioética

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mar 2022, Volume 30 N. 1 Pages 172 - 180

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a distribuição de profissionais médicos vinculados ao Sistema Único de Saúde em municípios em extrema pobreza do Brasil. Trata-se de estudo observacional, longitudinal e retrospectivo, desenvolvido com base em dados secundários disponibilizados pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram contabilizados 16.267 médicos, dos quais 1.360 atendiam na rede privada e 14.907 na rede pública. Dentre estes, 1.284 atendem na região Norte; 9.186, no Nordeste; 3.071, no Sudeste; 837, no Sul; e 529, no Centro-Oeste. Entre os municípios brasileiros em extrema pobreza, 12,2% dispõem de três médicos; 10,7%, de dois médicos; e 9,2%, de apenas um médico. Os desfechos primários relativos à demografia médica dos municípios em extrema pobreza afirmam a desproporção na distribuição de profissionais entre as cidades brasileiras. Sugere-se a implementação de políticas em saúde que promovam a equidade da demografia médica no país.

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the distribution of medical professionals linked to the Brazilian Unified Health System in municipalities in extreme poverty in the country. This is an observational, longitudinal and retrospective study based on secondary data provided by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System. In total, 16,267 physicians were identified, of which 1,360 worked in the private network and 14,907 in the public network. The regional distribution is as follows: 1,284 in the North; 9,186 in the Northeast; 3,071 in the Southeast; 837 in the South; and 529 in the Midwest. Among Brazilian municipalities in extreme poverty, 12.2% have three physicians; 10.7% of two physicians; and 9.2% of only one. The primary outcomes related to the demographics of medical personnel municipalities in extreme poverty show the disproportion in the distribution of professionals among Brazilian cities. The implementation of health policies that promote the equity of such demographics in the country is suggested.

Resumen Este artículo analizó la distribución de los profesionales médicos vinculados al Sistema Único de Salud en municipios en extrema pobreza en Brasil. Se trató de un estudio observacional, longitudinal y retrospectivo, realizado con datos secundarios provenientes del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud. De un total de 16.267 médicos; 1.360 estaban en la red privada y 14.907 en la red pública. De estos, 1.284 trabajaban en la región Norte; 9.186, en el Nordeste; 3.071, en el Sudeste; 837 en el Sur; y 529, en el Centro-Oeste. En tal condición, el 12,2% de los municipios tenía tres médicos; el 10,7%, dos; y el 9,2% solo uno. Los resultados primarios relacionados con el tema permiten atestar la desproporción en la distribución de profesionales entre las ciudades brasileñas. Se sugiere implementar políticas de salud que promuevan la equidad en la demografía médica en el país.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-80422022301517pt

14.

O ensino remoto na formação médica durante a pandemia da Covid-19
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Garcia-Jr, Carlos Alberto Severo

; Pasquini, Gabriela de Castro

; Marx, Letícia Oliveira

; Silva, Luiz André Prange da

; Almeida, Mateus Henrique Ribeiro de

; Selau, Bruna Gonçalves

; Ceccon, Roger Flores

Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica

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2022, Volume 46 N. 4 elocation e145

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Introdução: A educação médica no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19 enfrentou dificuldades e mudanças no processo de ensino-aprendizado. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender os desafios do ensino remoto na formação médica durante a pandemia da Covid-19 em uma universidade federal do Sul do país. Método: Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, em que os participantes foram 46 estudantes de dois cursos de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, dos campi de Florianópolis e Araranguá, durante o ano de 2021. A técnica utilizada para a coleta de dados foi o grupo focal on-line, totalizando sete encontros. Investigaram-se os dados coletados por meio da análise de conteúdo temática. Resultado: Observou-se prejuízo nas relações entre estudantes de Medicina e comunidade, principalmente em razão da restrita inserção de conhecimentos sobre a pandemia nos currículos formais dos cursos, da diminuição do convívio com pacientes, da dissolução do elemento teórico-prático no ensino remoto pela ausência de atividades práticas e do engessamento do currículo formal. Durante a formação acadêmica, houve sofrimento psicológico dos estudantes decorrente do distanciamento social e da exaustiva carga horária teórica. Conclusão: A construção do conhecimento médico e a oferta de cuidados coerentes às necessidades da população foram afetadas pela Covid-19. Tornam-se indispensáveis o reconhecimento de tal descompasso e a necessidade da constituição de estratégias para solucionar as problemáticas relacionadas às dificuldades encontradas pelos estudantes, com base em seus aprendizados, na resposta aos anseios da população e na necessidade de adaptações na educação médica diante da pandemia da Covid-19 para o processo de formação médica.

Abstract: Introduction: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical education has faced changes in the teaching-learning process. Objective: To understand the challenges of remote teaching in medical training during the COVID-19 pandemic at a Federal University in the south of Brazil. Method: This is a study with a qualitative approach, whose subjects comprised students from two medical courses at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis campus and Araranguá campus, during 2021. The technique used for data collection was the online focus group, totaling seven meetings. Forty-six students participated. The collected data were investigated through Thematic Content Analysis. Results: Deterioration in the relationship between medical students and the community was observed, mainly due to the restricted inclusion of knowledge about the pandemic in the formal curricula of the courses, reduced contact with patients, dissolution of the theoretical-practical element in remote teaching due to the absence of practical activities and the inflexible nature of the formal curriculum. During academic training, there was psychological overload on students due to social distancing and exhaustive theoretical workload. Conclusions: The construction of medical knowledge and the provision of care consistent with the population’s needs was affected by COVID-19. It is essential to recognize such a mismatch and the need to establish strategies to solve the problems related to the difficulties encountered by students, based on their learning, in response to the population’s aspirations and the need for adaptations in medical education in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic for the medical education process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v46.4-20210491

15.

Chitosan combined with technical cashew nut shell liquid improves in vitro ruminal parameters and gas production kinetics
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Vieira, Elis Regina de Queiroz

; Goes, Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de

; Diaz, Tatiana Garcia

; Osmari, Milene Puntel

; Seno, Leonardo de Oliveira

; Ítavo, Luís Carlos Vinhas

; Gandra, Jefferson Rodrigues

; Anschau, Douglas Gabriel

; Oliveira, Raquel Tenório de

; Silva, Nayara Gonçalves da

; Jacaúna, Amanna Gonzaga

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2022, Volume 51 elocation e20200186

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the inclusion of chitosan (CHI) and technical cashew nut shell liquid (CNSLt) as natural feed additives in cattle diets on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and in vitro gas production kinetics. We conducted a completely randomized design with 5×4 factorial arrangement, with 20, 35, 50, 65, and 100% Tifton 85 hay and four additives, monensin (200 mg/kg DM), CNSLt (500 mg/kg DM), CHI (500 mg/kg DM), and CNSLt+CHI (500 mg/kg DM/each). Dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility showed a linear reduction according to forage levels. The highest DM digestibility was observed with CHI on cattle diets. Inclusion of CHI increased DM digestibility. The highest in vitro organic matter and crude protein (CP) digestibilities were observed for CNSLt+CHI. The in vitro dry matter digestibility increased linearly with concentrate in the diet. There was interaction of forage:concentrate ratio and the additives for neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and hemicellulose digestibility. Chitosan, CNSLt, and CNSLt+CHI promoted the lowest acetate:propionate ratio compared with monensin. Total gas production showed interaction of the forage:concentrate ratio and additives. Lag time was lowest with CNSLt+CHI. Chitosan and CNSLt can be considered alternative fermentation modulators to ionophores by improving nutrient digestibility and increasing ruminal propionate concentrations.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5120200186

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