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RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o IMPACTO-MR, um estudo brasileiro de plataforma nacional em unidades de terapia intensiva focado no impacto das infecções por bactérias multirresistentes relacionadas à assistência à saúde. Métodos: Descrevemos a plataforma IMPACTO-MR, seu desenvolvimento, critérios para seleção das unidades de terapia intensiva, caracterização da coleta de dados, objetivos e projetos de pesquisa futuros a serem realizados na plataforma. Resultados: Os dados principais foram coletados por meio do Epimed Monitor System® e consistiram em dados demográficos, dados de comorbidades, estado funcional, escores clínicos, diagnóstico de internação e diagnósticos secundários, dados laboratoriais, clínicos e microbiológicos e suporte de órgãos durante a internação na unidade de terapia intensiva, entre outros. De outubro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020, 33.983 pacientes de 51 unidades de terapia intensiva foram incluídos no banco de dados principal. Conclusão: A plataforma IMPACTO-MR é um banco de dados clínico brasileiro de unidades de terapia intensiva focado na pesquisa do impacto das infecções por bactérias multirresistentes relacionadas à assistência à saúde. Essa plataforma fornece dados para o desenvolvimento e pesquisa de unidades de terapia intensiva individuais e ensaios clínicos observacionais e prospectivos multicêntricos.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the IMPACTO-MR, a Brazilian nationwide intensive care unit platform study focused on the impact of health care-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. Methods: We described the IMPACTO-MR platform, its development, criteria for intensive care unit selection, characterization of core data collection, objectives, and future research projects to be held within the platform. Results: The core data were collected using the Epimed Monitor System® and consisted of demographic data, comorbidity data, functional status, clinical scores, admission diagnosis and secondary diagnoses, laboratory, clinical, and microbiological data, and organ support during intensive care unit stay, among others. From October 2019 to December 2020, 33,983 patients from 51 intensive care units were included in the core database. Conclusion: The IMPACTO-MR platform is a nationwide Brazilian intensive care unit clinical database focused on researching the impact of health care-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. This platform provides data for individual intensive care unit development and research and multicenter observational and prospective trials.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220209-pt

Performance and reference intervals of thrombin generation test: results from the Brazilian longitudinal study of adult health (ELSA-Brasil). A cross-sectional study
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Rios, Danyelle Romana Alves

; Barreto, Sandhi Maria

; Ferreira, Letícia Gonçalves Resende

; Batista, Thaís Resende

; Silva, Ana Paula Ferreira

; de Oliveira Júnior, Wander Valadares

; Maluf, Chams Bicalho

; Carvalho, Maria das Graças

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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jun 2022, Volume 140 N. 3 Pages 474 - 485

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The thrombin generation test (TGT) has shown promise for investigation of hemorrhagic and thrombotic diseases. However, despite its potential, it still needs standardization. Moreover, few studies have established reference values for TGT parameters. In Brazil, these values have not yet been established. OBJECTIVE: To determine TGT performance and reference intervals for TGT parameters in healthy individuals. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted among participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto, ELSA-Brasil). METHODS: The reference sample consisted of 620 healthy individuals. The calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) method, under low and high tissue factor (TF) conditions, was used to assess thrombin generation. Test performance was analyzed using intra and interassay coefficients of variation (CV) and reference intervals were calculated using the nonparametric method proposed by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS: The intraassay CV ranged from 1.4% to 2.2% and the interassay CV, 6.8% to 14.7%. The reference intervals for TGT parameters under low and high TF conditions were, respectively: lagtime: 3.0-10.3 and 1.4-3.7 min; endogenous thrombin potential (ETP): 1134.6-2517.9 and 1413.6-2658.0 nM.min; normalized ETP: 0.6-1.3 and 0.7-1.4; peak: 103.2-397.7 and 256.4-479.0 nM; normalized peak: 0.3-1.3 and 0.7-1.2; and time-to-peak: 5.6-16.0 and 3.4-6.7 min. These parameters were categorized relative to sex. Conclusion: TGT performance was adequate and the proposed reference intervals were similar to those of other studies. Our findings may be useful for consolidating the TGT, through contributing to its standardization and validation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0425.r1.07102021

Diferenças Raciais no Controle da Pressão Arterial em Usuários de Anti-Hipertensivos em Monoterapia: Resultados do Estudo ELSA-Brasil
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Sousa, Camila Tavares

; Ribeiro, Antonio

; Barreto, Sandhi Maria

; Giatti, Luana

; Brant, Luisa

; Lotufo, Paulo

; Chor, Dora

; Lopes, Antônio Alberto

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; Baldoni, André Oliveira

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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mar 2022, Volume 118 N. 3 Pages 614 - 622

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento Aparentemente, a pior resposta a algumas classes de anti-hipertensivos, especialmente inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina e bloqueadores de receptor de angiotensina, pela população negra, explicaria, pelo menos parcialmente, o pior controle da hipertensão entre esses indivíduos. Entretanto, a maioria das evidências vêm de estudos norte-americanos. Objetivos Este estudo tem o objetivo de investigar a associação entre raça/cor da pele autorrelatadas e controle de PA em participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) utilizando várias classes de anti-hipertensivos em monoterapia. Métodos O estudo envolveu uma análise transversal, realizada com participantes da linha de base do ELSA-Brasil. O controle de pressão arterial foi a variável de resposta, participantes com valores de PA ≥140/90 mmHg foram considerados descontrolados em relação aos níveis de pressão arterial. A raça/cor da pele foi autorrelatada (branco, pardo, negro). Todos os participantes tiveram que responder perguntas sobre uso contínuo de medicamentos. A associação entre o controle de PA e raça/cor da pele foi estimada por regressão logística. O nível de significância adotado nesse estudo foi de 5%. Resultados Do total de 1.795 usuários de anti-hipertensivos em monoterapia na linha de base, 55,5% se declararam brancos, 27,9%, pardos e 16,7%, negros. Mesmo depois de padronizar em relação a variáveis de confusão, negros em uso de inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA), bloqueadores de receptor de angiotensina (BRA), diuréticos tiazídicos (DIU tiazídicos) e betabloqueadores (BB) in monoterapia tinham controle de pressão arterial pior em comparação a brancos. Conclusões Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que, nesta amostra de brasileiros adultos utilizando anti-hipertensivos em monoterapia, as diferenças de controle de pressão arterial entre os vários grupos raciais não são explicadas pela possível eficácia mais baixa dos IECA e BRA em indivíduos negros.

Abstract Background It seems that the worst response to some classes of antihypertensive drugs, especially angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, on the part of the Black population, would at least partially explain the worse control of hypertension among these individuals. However, most of the evidence comes from American studies. Objectives This study aims to investigate the association between self-reported race/skin color and BP control in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), using different classes of antihypertensive drugs in monotherapy. Methods The study involved a cross-sectional analysis, carried out with participants from the baseline of ELSA-Brasil. Blood pressure control was the response variable, participants with BP values ≥140/90 mmHg were considered out of control in relation to blood pressure levels. Race/skin color was self-reported (White, Brown, Black). All participants were asked about the continuous use of medication. Association between BP control and race/skin color was estimated through logistic regression. The level of significance adopted in this study was of 5%. Results Of the total of 1,795 users of antihypertensive drugs in monotherapy at baseline, 55.5% declared themselves White, 27.9% Brown, and 16.7% Black. Even after adjusting for confounding variables, Blacks using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), thiazide diuretics (thiazide DIU), and beta-blockers (BB) in monotherapy had worse blood pressure control compared to Whites. Conclusions Our results suggest that in this sample of Brazilian adults using antihypertensive drugs in monotherapy, the differences in blood pressure control between different racial groups are not explained by the possible lower effectiveness of ACEIs and ARBs in Black individuals.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20201180

Association between neck circumference and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: cross-sectional analysis from ELSA-Brasil
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Santos, Laura Luiza Menezes

; Diniz, Maria de Fátima Haueisen Sander

; Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho

; Barreto, Sandhi Maria

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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feb 2022, Volume 140 N. 2 Pages 213 - 221

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a public health problem worldwide. Neck circumference (NC) is a simple anthropometric adiposity parameter that has been correlated with cardiometabolic disorders like NAFLD. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between NC and NAFLD, considering their obesity-modifying effect, among participants from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline study. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Cross-sectional study at the ELSA-Brasil centers of six public research institutions. METHODS: This analysis was conducted on 5,187 women and 4,270 men of mean age 51.8 (± 9.2) years. Anthropometric indexes (NC, waist circumference [WC] and body mass index [BMI]), biochemical and clinical parameters (diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia) and hepatic ultrasound were measured. The association between NC and NAFLD was estimated using multinomial logistic regression, considering potential confounding effects (age, WC, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia). Effect modification was investigated by including the interaction term NC x BMI in the final model. RESULTS: The frequency of NAFLD and mean value of NC were 33.6% and 33.9 (± 2.5) cm in women, and 45.8% and 39.4 (± 2.8) cm in men, respectively. Even after all adjustments, larger NC was associated with a greater chance of moderate/severe NAFLD (1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] for women; 1.05, 95% CI for men; P < 0.001). Presence of multiplicative interaction between NC and BMI (P < 0.001) was also observed. CONCLUSION: NC was positively associated with NAFLD in both sexes, regardless of traditional adiposity indexes such as BMI and WC. The magnitude of the association was more pronounced among women.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0095.r2.22062021

Sodium alendronate: proposal and reliability of indicators
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Silva, Ricardo Augusto dos Santos

; Baldoni, André Oliveira

; Alvim, Camila Pereira

; Obreli Neto, Paulo Roque

; Guidoni, Camilo Molino

; Silva, Isabella Ribeiro

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2022, Volume 58 elocation e19193

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present study proposes and evaluates the test-retest reliability of indicators of the correct use of sodium alendronate in elderly patients. This is a test-retest reliability study for use of sodium alendronate. Six questions to evaluate the correct use of this medicine were elaborated after analysis of information in the literature. Data collection was performed through questionnaires in face-to-face in-home interviews by previously trained interviewers. The participants were initially interviewed (test) when they agreed to participate in the study, and secondly (retest), after a period of 7 to 14 days from the first interview. The reliability of the questions was evaluated by means of the agreement percentage and the Kappa coefficient. Fifty-seven pairs (test-retest) were obtained. The mean age was 69.3 (SD = 6.9) years, the majority (92.5%) completed elementary education, and declared themselves white (50.9%). All the questions presented high concordance ranging from 79.0% to 98.3%. The Kappa values ranged from 0.1 (low) to 0.83 (very good). The agreement percentage and the Kappa values suggest adequate reliability of the proposed questions. We suggest that they can be used as a simple and quick way to evaluate the quality of sodium alendronate use among the elderly.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e19193

CA-125 and CCL2 may indicate inflammation in peritoneal dialysis patients
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Oliveira Júnior, Wander Valadares de

; Turani, Sylvia Dias

; Marinho, Maria Aparecida Silva

; Pinto, Sérgio Wyton Lima

; Otoni, Alba

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho

; Rios, Danyelle Romana Alves

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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dec 2021, Volume 43 N. 4 Pages 502 - 509

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução: Alterações estruturais progressivas na membrana peritoneal ocorrem no decorrer do tratamento em diálise peritoneal (DP), resultando em um aumento de citocinas como CCL2 e alterações estruturais na membrana peritoneal desencadeando um aumento de CA-125 no dialisato, o que reflete um provável processo inflamatório local, com possível perda de células mesoteliais. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação entre CCL2 e CA-125 no plasma e no dialisato de pacientes submetidos à DP. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 41 pacientes submetidos à DP. As avaliações dos níveis de CA-125 e CCL2 foram realizadas utilizando ELISA de captura. As correlações foram estimadas usando a correlação de Spearman, e a investigação da associação entre as variáveis explicativas (CCL2) e a variável resposta (CA-125) foi feita pela razão bruta das médias aritméticas e ajustada utilizando modelos lineares generalizados. Resultados: Foi observada uma correlação positiva moderada entre os níveis de CA-125 e CCL2 no dialisato (rho = 0,696). Foi encontrada uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre os níveis no dialisato de CCL2 e CA-125 (RoM=1,31; IC = 1,20-1,43), que permaneceu após ajuste por idade (RoM = 1,31; IC=1,19-1,44) e pelo tempo de DP em meses (RoM=1,34, IC=1,22-1,48). Conclusão: A associação dos níveis de CA-125 com CCL2 no dialisato pode indicar que o processo inflamatório local leva a alterações temporárias ou definitivas na membrana peritoneal. Uma melhor compreensão desta patogênese pode contribuir para a descoberta de novos biomarcadores inflamatórios.

Abstract Introduction: Progressive structural changes in the peritoneal membrane occur over the course of treatment in peritoneal dialysis (PD), resulting in an increase in cytokines such as CCL2 and structural changes in peritoneal membrane triggering an increase in CA-125 in dialysate, which reflects a probable local inflammatory process, with possible loss of mesothelial cells. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the association between plasma and CCL2 and CA-125 dialysate levels in patients undergoing PD. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted with 41 patients undergoing PD. The assessments of CA-125 and CCL2 levels were performed using a capture ELISA. Correlations were estimated using Spearman's correlation and the investigation of the association between the explanatory variables (CCL2) and response variable (CA-125) was done for crude ratio of arithmetic means and adjusted utilizing generalized linear models. Results: A moderate positive correlation was observed between the levels of CA-125 and CCL2 in the dialysate (rho = 0.696). A statistically significant association was found between the levels in the CCL2 and CA-125 dialysate (RoM=1.31; CI = 1.20-1.43), which remained after adjustment for age (RoM = 1.31; CI=1.19-1.44) and for time in months of PD (RoM=1.34, CI=1.22-1.48). Conclusion: The association of CA-125 levels with CCL2 in the dialysate may indicate that the local inflammatory process leads to temporary or definitive changes in peritoneal membrane. A better understanding of this pathogenesis could contribute to the discovery of new inflammatory biomarkers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2020-0255 3 downloads

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Brazil: a multicenter, prospective cohort study
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Lima-Setta, Fernanda

; Magalhães-Barbosa, Maria Clara de

; Rodrigues-Santos, Gustavo

; Figueiredo, Elaine Augusta das Neves

; Jacques, Melissa de Lorena

; Zeitel, Raquel de Seixas

; Sapolnik, Roberto

; Borges, Cibelle Teixeira da Siva

; Lanziotti, Vanessa Soares

; Castro, Roberta Esteves Vieira de

; Bellinat, Ana Paula Novaes

; Silva, Thiago Peres da

; Oliveira, Felipe Rezende Caino de

; Reis, Bárbara Carvalho Santos dos

; Castro, Natália Almeida de Arnaldo Silva Rodriguez

; Macedo, João Henrique Garcia Cobas

; Scarlato, Ana Carolina Cabral Pinheiro

; Riveiro, Paula Marins

; Mota, Isabele Coelho Fonseca da

; Lorenzo, Vivian Botelho

; Lucena, Natalia Martins Lima de

; Azevedo, Zina Maria Almeida de

; Cunha, Antonio José L.A.

; Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo

Jornal de Pediatria

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jun 2021, Volume 97 N. 3 Pages 354 - 361

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To describe the clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, as well as the outcomes of children with MIS-C. Method Multicenter, prospective cohort study, conducted in 17 pediatric intensive care units in five states in Brazil, from March to July 2020. Patients from 1 month to 19 years who met the MIS-C diagnostic criteria were included consecutively. Results Fifty-six patients were included, with the following conditions: Kawasaki-like disease (n = 26), incomplete Kawasaki disease (n = 16), acute cardiac dysfunction (n = 10), toxic shock syndrome (n = 3), and macrophage activation syndrome (n = 1). Median age was 6.2 years (IQR 2.4−10.3), 70% were boys, 59% were non-whites, 20% had comorbidities, 48% reported a contact with COVID-19 cases, and 55% had a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by RT-PCR and/or serology. Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 71%, shock symptoms in 59%, and severe respiratory symptoms in less than 20%. -Dimer was increased in 80% and cardiac dysfunction markers in more than 75%. Treatment included immunoglobulin (89%); corticosteroids, antibiotics, and enoxaparin in about 50%; and oseltamivir and antifungal therapy in less than 10%. Only 11% needed invasive mechanical ventilation, with a median duration of five days (IQR 5–6.5). The median length of PICU stay was six days (IQR 5–11), and one death occurred (1.8%). Conclusions Most characteristics of the present MIS-C patients were similar to that of other cohorts. The present results may contribute to a broader understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and its short-term consequences. Long-term multidisciplinary follow-up is needed, since it is not known whether these patients will have chronic cardiac impairment or other sequelae.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2020.10.008 281 downloads

Differences in children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a cohort study in a Brazilian tertiary referral hospital
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Marques, Heloisa Helena de Sousa

; Pereira, Maria Fernanda Badue

; Santos, Angélica Carreira dos

; Fink, Thais Toledo

; Paula, Camila Sanson Yoshino de

; Litvinov, Nadia

; Schvartsman, Claudio

; Delgado, Artur Figueiredo

; Gibelli, Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni

; Carvalho, Werther Brunow de

; Odone Filho, Vicente

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Grisi, Sandra

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Francisco, Rossana Pucineli Vieira

; Okay, Thelma Suely

; Batisttella, Linamara Rizzo

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de

; Brentani, Alexandra Valéria Maria

; Silva, Clovis Artur

; Eisencraft, Adriana Pasmanik

; Rossi Junior, Alfio

; Fante, Alice Lima

; Cora, Aline Pivetta

; Reis, Amelia Gorete A. de Costa

; Ferrer, Ana Paula Scoleze

; Andrade, Anarella Penha Meirelles de

; Watanabe, Andreia

; Gonçalves, Angelina Maria Freire

; Waetge, Aurora Rosaria Pagliara

; Silva, Camila Altenfelder

; Ceneviva, Carina

; Lazari, Carolina dos Santos

; Abellan, Deipara Monteiro

; Santos, Emilly Henrique dos

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Bianchini, Fabíola Roberta Marim

; Alcantara, Flávio Ferraz de Paes

; Ramos, Gabriel Frizzo

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Rodriguez, Isadora Souza

; Pinho, João Renato Rebello

; Carneiro, Jorge David Avaizoglou

; Paz, Jose Albino

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Ferranti, Juliana Ferreira

; Ferreira, Juliana de Oliveira Achili

; Framil, Juliana Valéria de Souza

; Silva, Katia Regina da

; Kanunfre, Kelly Aparecida

; Bastos, Karina Lucio de Medeiros

; Galleti, Karine Vusberg

; Cristofani, Lilian Maria

; Suzuki, Lisa

; Campos, Lucia Maria Arruda

; Perondi, Maria Beatriz de Moliterno

; Diniz, Maria de Fatima Rodrigues

; Fonseca, Maria Fernanda Mota

; Cordon, Mariana Nutti de Almeida

; Pissolato, Mariana

; Peres, Marina Silva

; Garanito, Marlene Pereira

; Imamura, Marta

; Dorna, Mayra de Barros

; Luglio, Michele

; Rocha, Mussya Cisotto

; Aikawa, Nadia Emi

; Degaspare, Natalia Viu

; Sakita, Neusa Keico

; Udsen, Nicole Lee

; Scudeller, Paula Gobi

; Gaiolla, Paula Vieira de Vincenzi

; Severini, Rafael da Silva Giannasi

; Rodrigues, Regina Maria

; Toma, Ricardo Katsuya

; Paula, Ricardo Iunis Citrangulo de

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Forsait, Silvana

; Farhat, Sylvia Costa Lima

; Sakano, Tânia Miyuki Shimoda

; Koch, Vera Hermina Kalika

; Cobello Junior, Vilson

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3488

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To compare demographic/clinical/laboratory/treatments and outcomes among children and adolescents with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included patients diagnosed with pediatric COVID-19 (aged <18 years) between April 11, 2020 and April 22, 2021. During this period, 102/5,951 (1.7%) of all admissions occurred in neonates, children, and adolescents. Furthermore, 3,962 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection samples were processed in patients aged <18 years, and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 occurred in 155 (4%) inpatients and outpatients. Six/155 pediatric patients were excluded from the study. Therefore, the final group included 149 children and adolescents (n=97 inpatients and 52 outpatients) with positive SARS-CoV-2 results. RESULTS: The frequencies of sore throat, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, myalgia, nausea, lymphopenia, pre-existing chronic conditions, immunosuppressive conditions, and autoimmune diseases were significantly reduced in children and adolescents (p<0.05). Likewise, the frequencies of enoxaparin use (p=0.037), current immunosuppressant use (p=0.008), vasoactive agents (p=0.045), arterial hypotension (p<0.001), and shock (p=0.024) were significantly lower in children than in adolescents. Logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 had increased odds ratios (ORs) for sore throat (OR 13.054; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.750-61.977; p=0.001), nausea (OR 8.875; 95% CI 1.660-47.446; p=0.011), and lymphopenia (OR 3.575; 95% CI 1.355-9.430; p=0.010), but also had less hospitalizations (OR 0.355; 95% CI 0.138-0.916; p=0.032). The additional logistic regression analysis on patients with preexisting chronic conditions (n=108) showed that death as an outcome was significantly associated with pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (OR 22.300; 95% CI 2.341-212.421; p=0.007) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) (OR 11.261; 95% CI 1.189-106. 581; p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Half of the laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases occurred in adolescents. Individuals belonging to this age group had an acute systemic involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pediatric SARS and MIS-C were the most important factors associated with the mortality rate in pediatric chronic conditions with COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3488

COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches
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Figueiredo, David Livingstone Alves

; Ximenez, João Paulo Bianchi

; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira

; Panis, Carolina

; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos

; Ferrasa, Adriano

; Cecchini, Alessandra Lourenço

; Medeiros, Alexandra Ivo de

; Almeida, Ana Marisa Fusco

; Ramão, Anelisa

; Boldt, Angelica Beate Winter

; Moya, Carla Fredrichsen

; Chin, Chung Man

; Paula, Daniel de

; Rech, Daniel

; Gradia, Daniela Fiori

; Malheiros, Danielle

; Venturini, Danielle

; Tavares, Eliandro Reis

; Carraro, Emerson

; Ribeiro, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca

; Pereira, Evani Marques

; Tuon, Felipe Francisco

; Follador, Franciele Aní Caovilla

; Fernandes, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves

; Volpato, Hélito

; Cólus, Ilce Mara de Syllos

; Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho de

; Rodrigues, Jean Henrique da Silva

; Santos, Jean Leandro dos

; Visentainer, Jeane Eliete Laguila

; Brandi, Juliana Cristina

; Serpeloni, Juliana Mara

; Bonini, Juliana Sartori

; Oliveira, Karen Brajão de

; Fiorentin, Karine

; Lucio, Léia Carolina

; Faccin-Galhardi, Ligia Carla

; Ferreto, Lirane Elize Defante

; Lioni, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi

; Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine Lopes

; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo

; Arbex, Marcos Abdo

; Pileggi, Marcos

; Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara

; Costa, Maria Antônia Ramos

; Giannini, Maria José S. Mendes

; Amarante, Marla Karine

; Khalil, Najeh Maissar

; Lima Neto, Quirino Alves de

; Herai, Roberto H.

; Guembarovski, Roberta Losi

; Shinsato, Rogério N.

; Mainardes, Rubiana Mara

; Giuliatti, Silvana

; Yamada-Ogatta, Sueli Fumie

; Gerber, Viviane Knuppel de Quadros

; Pavanelli, Wander Rogério

; Silva, Weber Claudio da

; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza

; Valente, Valeria

; Soares, Christiane Pienna

; Cavalli, Luciane Regina

; Silva Jr, Wilson Araujo

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20200452

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China’s Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients’ overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0452

10.

Prevalência e fatores associados à presença de medicamentos vencidos em estoques caseiros
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Fernandes, Máyra Rodrigues

; Rocha, Rafaela Silva

; Silva, Isabella Ribeiro

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho

; Baldoni, André Oliveira

Cadernos Saúde Coletiva

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sep 2020, Volume 28 N. 3 Pages 390 - 399

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução Medicamentos vencidos em farmácias caseiras são potenciais agentes causadores de danos à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente. Neste sentido, são essenciais estudos que subsidiem políticas de intervenção para minimização dos riscos. Objetivo Estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados aos medicamentos vencidos em estoques caseiros. Método O estudo transversal foi realizado por meio de entrevistas nas residências dos usuários da atenção primária à saúde (APS) de uma cidade do centro-oeste mineiro, Brasil. As estimativas de prevalência e suas associações foram realizadas por meio de modelos lineares generalizados (MLGs). Resultados Nos 423 estoques caseiros, foram encontrados 4.203 medicamentos, com uma média de 10 medicamentos/residência (DP = 5,87). A prevalência de residências com medicamentos vencidos foi de 45,4%, sendo os antimicrobianos e analgésicos os mais prevalentes. A presença de medicamentos vencidos está associada à presença de medicamentos isentos de prescrição (MIPs) e antimicrobianos nas residências e ao comportamento de guardar o medicamento em desuso em seu estoque caseiro. Conclusão Aproximadamente metade das residências possui medicamentos vencidos, e a presença deles está associada à classe terapêutica e ao comportamento do usuário.

Abstract Background The storage of expired medications at home can cause potential damage to human health and the environment. Thus, studies that support intervention policies to minimize risks are essential. Objective To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with storage of expired medications at home. Method The cross-sectional study was conducted through interviews in the homes of Primary Health Care (PHC) users of a city in the center-west of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Prevalence estimates and their associations were performed using generalized linear models (MLGs). Results We found 4,203 medications stored in 423 homes, with an average of 10 medication/residence (SD=5.87). The prevalence of homes with expired medications was 45.4%, with antimicrobials and analgesics being the most prevalent. The presence of expired medications is associated with the presence of Over the Counter drugs (OTC) and antimicrobials at homes, and the behavior of keeping the unused drug in their home pharmacy. Conclusion Almost half of the homes have expired medications. And the presence of these drugs is associated with the therapeutic class and the behavior of the PHC user.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462x202028030535 1044 downloads

11.

Volemia and kidney transplantation
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Vieira, Roberta Figueiredo

; Carmona, Maria José Carvalho

Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia

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jun 2020, Volume 70 N. 3 Pages 191 - 193

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2020.06.012 447 downloads

12.

Polypharmacy, socioeconomic indicators and number of diseases: results from ELSA-Brasil
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Silva, Isabella Ribeiro

; Giatti, Luana

; Chor, Dora

; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus Mendes da

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; Acurcio, Francisco de Assis

; Pereira, Mariana Linhares

; Barreto, Sandhi Maria

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho de

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2020, Volume 23 elocation e200077

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de polifarmácia, descrever as classes farmacoterapêuticas utilizadas e investigar se a polifarmácia está associada a indicadores demográficos e socioeconômicos, independentemente do número de morbidades, entre os participantes na linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) (2008-2010). Métodos: Participaram desta análise 14.523 adultos e idosos (35-74 anos). A polifarmácia foi caracterizada como uso regular de cinco ou mais medicamentos. Os indicadores demográficos e socioeconômicos analisados foram: sexo, idade, escolaridade, renda familiar per capita e acesso a plano de saúde particular. A associação independente entre os indicadores demográficos e econômicos e polifarmácia foi estimada por meio de regressão logística binária. Resultados: A prevalência de polifarmácia foi de 11,7%. Os medicamentos mais utilizados foram aqueles com ação no sistema cardiovascular. Após ajustes, incluindo número de doenças, a chance de estar sob tratamento com polifarmácia foi significativamente maior entre mulheres, participantes mais velhos e aqueles com maior número de doenças. Participantes de baixa renda e aqueles sem plano privado de saúde, no entanto, tiveram menor chance de estar sob polifarmácia. Conclusão: A ocorrência de polifarmácia entre os participantes da linha de base do ELSA-Brasil deveu-se principalmente a medicamentos para o tratamento de doenças crônicas. A relação entre polifarmácia e sexo feminino, bem como sua associação com maior idade, estão em consonância com os resultados obtidos em outros estudos. Apesar da ausência de associação entre a polifarmácia e a escolaridade, os resultados de renda e plano privado de saúde reforçam a existência de desigualdades sociais em relação ao uso de medicamentos.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy, describe the pharmacotherapeutic classes used, and investigate whether polypharmacy is associated with demographic and socioeconomic indicators, regardless of the number of diseases, among participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline (2008-2010). Method: In this analysis, 14,523 adults and elderly (35-74 years) participated. Polypharmacy was characterized as regular use of five or more medicines. The demographic and socioeconomic indicators analyzed were: gender, age, education level, per capita family income, and access to private health insurance. The independent association between demographic and economic indicators and polypharmacy was estimated by binary logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of polypharmacy was 11.7%. The most used drugs were those with action on the cardiovascular system. After adjustments, including by number of diseases, the chances of being on polypharmacy treatment were significantly higher among women, older participants and those with greatest number of diseases. Individuals without health insurance had lower chance to be under polypharmacy, as well as those with lower income. Conclusion: The occurrence of polypharmacy among ELSA-Brasil baseline participants was mainly due to drugs for the treatment of chronic diseases. The relation between polypharmacy and the female gender, as well as its association with old age, are in consonance with the results obtained in other studies. Despite the absence of an association between polypharmacy and education level, the income and health insurance results reinforce the existence of social inequalities regarding drug use.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720200077

13.

Polypharmacy, socioeconomic indicators and number of diseases: results from ELSA-Brasil
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Silva, Isabella Ribeiro

; Giatti, Luana

; Chor, Dora

; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus Mendes da

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; Acurcio, Francisco de Assis

; Pereira, Mariana Linhares

; Barreto, Sandhi Maria

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho de

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2020, Volume 23 elocation e200077

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720200077 721 downloads

14.

Storage and disposal of expired medicines in home pharmacies: emerging public health problems
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Fernandes, Mayra Rodrigues

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho de

; Silva, Luanna Gabriella Resende da

; Rocha, Rafaela Silva

; Baldoni, André Oliveira

einstein (São Paulo)

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2020, Volume 18 elocation eAO5066

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o armazenamento e o descarte de medicamentos vencidos contidos em farmácias caseiras de usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado com 423 usuários de 15 unidades de saúde da Atenção Primária em um município brasileiro. Os dados foram coletados de agosto de 2014 a julho de 2016, por meio de entrevistas face a face. As características demográficas e socioeconômicas foram descritas por meio de proporções para as variáveis categóricas. As formas de armazenamento e o descarte de medicamentos vencidos ou não vencidos foram descritos em forma de frequência. Resultados Dentre os entrevistados, 83% eram do sexo feminino e aproximadamente 70% possuíam Ensino Médio completo. A cozinha foi o local mais citado para armazenamento de medicamentos (58,6%). Cerca de 75% dos participantes relataram descartar os medicamentos de forma incorreta. Conclusão O estudo evidenciou que grande proporção dos entrevistados possui hábitos incorretos de descarte, que, por sua vez, impactam diretamente no tratamento medicamentoso e na natureza. Assim, é necessária a educação continuada dos profissionais de saúde e da população, a fim de conscientizar a população sobre a correta utilização e o descarte de medicamentos.

ABSTRACT Objective To characterize storage and disposal practices associated with expired medicines in home pharmacies of Primary Care users. Methods Cross-sectional study based on data collected from 423 users of 15 Primary Care units located in a Brazilian city, between August 2014 and July 2016. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews. Categorical (demographic and socioeconomic characteristics) and continuous variables were expressed as proportions and means and standard deviations, respectively . Storage behaviors and disposal practices associated with unused and expired medicines were described as frequencies. Results Most (83%) interviewees were female and approximately 70% had completed high school. The kitchen was the most common medicine storage place (58.6%). Approximately 75% of participants reported inappropriate medicine disposal practices. Conclusion This study revealed high rates of inappropriate medicine disposal practices with direct impacts on pharmacological treatment and the environment. Continuing education of healthcare professionals and the general public is required to raise awareness about proper medicine use and disposal.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ao5066 4020 downloads

15.

Platelets volume indexes and cardiovascular risk factors
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Batista, Thaís Resende

; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho de

; Rios, Danyelle Romana Alves

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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jun 2018, Volume 64 N. 6 Pages 554 - 559

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A obesidade, o diabetes e a hipertensão arterial são fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) por promoverem um estado de hipercoagulabilidade. É sabido que as plaquetas desempenham um importante papel no desenvolvimento da aterosclerose. Diante disso, estudos recentes têm avaliado os índices de volumes plaquetários (IVPs) em indivíduos com fatores de risco para DCV, para melhor se entenderem os mecanismos plaquetários envolvidos no seu desenvolvimento. Os IVPs estimam indiretamente a função plaquetária e são facilmente obtidos a partir de analisadores hematológicos automáticos, que fornecem contagens de plaquetas, volume médio de plaquetas (VPM), largura de distribuição de plaquetas (PDW) e a proporção de plaquetas grandes (P-LCR). O presente trabalho tem por objetivo revisar na literatura estudos que investigaram a associação entre os IVPs e obesidade, diabetes e hipertensão arterial, a fim de avaliar o seu uso como potencial marcador subclínico das DCV. Estudos demonstraram resultados promissores quanto ao VPM, um índice que permite uma detecção precoce da ativação de plaquetas e que pode ser útil na identificação de pacientes antes do início do desenvolvimento de DCV, de tal forma que estratégias preventivas possam ser implantadas. O PDW, embora tenha sido avaliado por um número menor de estudos, também demonstrou resultados promissores. Entretanto, ainda existe um longo caminho a se percorrer para que o VPM e o PDW sejam utilizados na prática clínica, pois ainda são necessárias mais evidências epidemiológicas, o estabelecimento de valores de referência e a padronização da forma de expressar os resultados.

SUMMARY Obesity, diabetes and hypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) because they promote a state of hypercoagulability. It is known that platelets play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have evaluated platelet volume indexes (PVIs) in individuals with risk factors for CVD to better understand the platelet mechanisms involved in their development. The IVPs indirectly estimate platelet function and are easily obtained from automated hematology analyzers, which provide platelet counts, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and the platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR). The present study aims to review literature studies that investigated the association between PVIs and obesity, diabetes, and arterial hypertension, in order to evaluate its use as a potential subclinical marker of CVD. Studies have shown promising results for MPV, an index that allows for early detection of platelet activation and may be useful in identifying patients before the onset of CVD development so that preventive strategies can be implemented. The PDW, although evaluated by a smaller number of studies, also showed promising results. However, there is still a long way to go in order for the MPV and PDW to be used in clinical practice, since there is still a need for more epidemiological evidence, establishing reference values, and standardizing the way results are presented.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.64.06.554 2354 downloads

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