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ABSTRACT Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) is a species with promising potential for commercial production; therefore, studies involving practices of conducting culture in the initial stage are essential. The present study aimed to evaluate different shading levels and substrate compositions in the seedling production of tamarind. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4×4 factorial scheme, four levels of shading (0%, 18%, 30%, and 50%) and four substrates (pine bark-based substrate pure and mixed with 50% vermiculite, and sphagnum peat-based substrate pure and mixed with 50% vermiculite), with four replicates of four seedlings. Growth and biometric relationships were evaluated at 40 and 98 d after transplantation (DAT). The results reported that seedlings formed on the sphagnum peat-based substrate on pure or associated with vermiculite at 98 DAT had a height greater than 35 cm and a total 8.5 g DM. In contrast, seedlings produced in pine bark-based substrate did not reach 20 cm in height and had less than 3 g total DM. The condition of 30% and 50% shading promoted greater growth in height, reaching an average height greater than 40 cm, while in the full sun environment, seedlings showed an average of less than 35 cm; however, for the other variables, full sun environment did not differ from 30% shading, producing good quality seedlings. Thus, the cultivation of seedlings in an environment with 0% or 30% shading, associated with the sphagnum peat-based substrate pure or mixed with 50% vermiculite promoted the production of tamarind seedlings with vigorous growth. In the best environments, the best substrates increased, on average, 41.3% number of leaves, 80.5% shoot dry mass, 56.8% root dry mass, and 71.0% total dry mass. In the best substrates, the best environments increased, on average, 18.0% number of leaves, 20.7% shoot dry mass, 8.7% root dry mass, and 14.3% total dry mass.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-58392024000200166

Doença granulomatosa crónica no adulto: Evolução clínica e opções terapêuticas
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Presa, Ana Rita

; Varandas, Cláudia

; Caldeira, Leonor Esteves

; Ferreira, Ruben Duarte

; Marques, Tiago

; Silva, Sara P.

; Marques, José G

; Silva, Susana L

Revista Portuguesa de Imunoalergologia

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jun 2023, Volume 31 N. 2 Pages 103 - 107

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.32932/rpia.2023.06.113

Emulsifiers in diets with energy reduction for laying hens
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Oliveira, Marllon José Karpeggiane de

; Geraldo, Adriano

; Lemke, Sara Santana Ramos

; Valentim, Jean Kaique

; Fassani, Édison José

; Carvalho, Jordanna Barbosa Ferreira De

; Miranda, Diogo Alvarenga

; Silva, Eliane Aparecida

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2023, Volume 45 elocation e54702

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. Emulsifiers in animal diets are an interesting and effective strategy for nutritionists to improve the digestion of dietary lipids and, consequently, provide better performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of diets with emulsifier based on mono- and diglycerides (120 g t-1 of feed) associated with different energy levels (2,775; 2,725; 2,675 and 2,625 kcal of metabolizable energy kg-1 of feed) on performance and egg quality of Hisex Brown laying hens. The laying hens were distributed in 50 experimental plots with eight birds each. A completely randomized design with five treatments and ten replicates/treatments was used. The treatments in this study were: control diet (C) with 2,775 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME) kg-1 of feed; C + E: diet C supplemented with an emulsifier (E) at 120 g t-1 of feed; diet C with reduction of 50 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC50 + E); diet C with reduction of 100 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC100 + E); and diet C with reduction of 150 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC150 + E). All diets had the same inclusion level of degummed soybean oil (2%). There was no influence of the treatments on the performance and quality of the eggs (p >0.05). The current study has shown that diets supplemented with emulsifiers based on mono- and diglycerides (120 g t-1) allows reducing the metabolizable energy level up to 150 kcal kg-1 of feed, without impairment on performance and egg quality of Hisex Brown laying hens.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v45i1.54702

Efficacy of two low-level laser therapy protocols following lower third molar surgery – a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial
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Ferreira, Geovane M

; Prado, Lucianna F

; Santos, Kleber VR

; Rodrigues, Lívia G

; Valladares-Neto, José

; Torres, Érica M

; Silva, Maria AG

Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana

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apr 2022, Volume 35 N. 1 Pages 31 - 38

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to test two low-level laser therapy protocols by evaluating pain control, swelling and trismus in the postoperative period of lower third molar surgeries. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Patients presenting two symmetrically impacted mandibular third molars were included. One side was randomly assigned for LLLT applied immediately after surgery (T1) and then after 24 (T2) and 48 hours (T3) (Protocol A). The other side received LLLT applied immediately after surgery and placebo after 24 and 48 hours (Protocol B). LLLT was given by intraoral application (660nm, 5 J/cm2, 10 s, 20 mW, 4 points) followed by extraoral application (789 nm, 30 J/cm2, 20 s, 60 mW, 8 points). The placebo application was similar to that of the experimental side but with laser simulation. The primary outcomes were pain control, swelling and trismus intensity at T1, T2, T3 and 7 days after surgery (T4). Data were analyzed by ANOVA repeated measures and Wilcoxon test (p<.05). The final sample consisted of 21 patients (42 teeth). There were no statistical differences for pain level between protocols A and B over time (p= .909), although the amount of analgesic medication was lower with protocol A at T2 (p=.022). There were no differences in swelling (p=.958) or trismus (p=.837) between the protocols used over time. Both protocols performed similarly for pain control, swelling and trismus. Therefore, for practical reasons, a single laser application in the immediate postoperative period could be indicated for the management of postoperative discomfort in lower third molar surgery.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi testar dois protocolos de terapia com laser de baixa intensidade (LBI) para controle da dor, edema e trismo no período pós-operatório de cirurgias de terceiro molar inferior. Neste estudo randomizado, duplo-cego, controlado, de boca dividida foram incluídos pacientes que apresentavam os terceiros molares inferiores simetricamente. Um lado foi aleatoriamente designado para receber LBI aplicada imediatamente após a cirurgia (T1) e após 24 (T2) e 48 (T3) horas (Protocolo A). O lado oposto recebeu LBI imediatamente após a cirurgia e placebo após 24 e 48 horas (Protocolo B). A aplicação de LBI foi realizada intraoralmente (660nm, 5 J/cm2, 10 s, 20 mW, 4 pontos), seguida pela aplicação extraoral (789 nm, 30 J/cm2, 20 s, 60 mW, 8 pontos). O efeito do placebo foi similar ao experimental. Os desfechos primários eram dor, edema e intensidade do trismo nos tempos T1, T2, T3 e 7 após a cirurgia (T4). Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA e teste de Wilcoxon (p<.05). A amostra final consistiu de 21 pacientes (43 dentes). Não houve diferença estatística para o nível de dor entre os protocolos A e B ao longo do tempo (p=.909), embora a quantidade de medicação analgésica tenha sido menor com o protocolo A em T2 (p= .022). Não houve diferença para edema (p=.958) ou trismo (p=.837) entre os protocolos ao longo do tempo. Em conclusão, a aplicação de LBI imediatamente após a cirurgia e após 24 e 48 horas (Protocolo A) apresenta melhor resultado para controle da dor. Ambos os protocolos foram similares para dor, edema e trismo. Portanto, por razões de praticidade, uma aplicação única de laser imediatamente após a cirurgia pode estar indicada para o manejo do desconforto pós-operatório em cirurgias de terceiros molares inferiores.

https://doi.org/10.54589/aol.35/1/31 35 downloads

High schistosomiasis-related mortality in Northeast Brazil: trends and spatial patterns
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Silva, Bárbara Morgana da

; Ferreira, Anderson Fuentes

; Silva, José Alexandre Menezes da

; Amorim, Rebeca Gomes de

; Domingues, Ana Lúcia Coutinho

; Pinheiro, Marta Cristhiany Cunha

; Bezerra, Fernando Schemelzer de Moares

; Heukelbach, Jorg

; Ramos Jr, Alberto Novaes

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0431-2021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: We analyzed the trends and spatial patterns of schistosomiasis-related mortality in Northeast Brazil in 2000-2019. Methods: A mixed population-based ecological study was conducted, using information on the underlying or associated causes of death. We used Joinpoint regression analysis to calculate the trends. The spatial analysis included rates, spatial moving averages, and standardized mortality rates. The spatial dependence analysis was based on Getis-Ord's G and Gi* indices (Gi star) and local Moran’s index to check for autocorrelation. Results: A total of 5,814,268 deaths were recorded, of which 9,276 (0.16%) were schistosomiasis-related; 51.0% (n=4,732, adjusted rate 0.90/100,000 inhabitants [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.93]) were males; 40.0% (n=3,715, adjusted rate 7.40/100.000 inhabitants [95%CI: 7.16-7.64]) were ≥70 years old; 54.8% (n=5,087, crude rate 0.80/100,000 inhabitants) were of mixed/Pardo-Brazilian ethnicity; and 77.9% (n=7,229, adjusted rate 0.86/100,000 inhabitants [95%CI: 0.84-0.88]) lived outside state capitals. The highest proportion of deaths was in the state of Pernambuco (53.9%, n=4,996, adjusted rate 2.72/100,000 inhabitants [95%CI: 2.64-2.79]). Increasing mortality rate was verified in the state of Sergipe. On the coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia, there was spatial dependence of spatio-temporal risk patterns with clusters. Throughout the study period, we found positive spatial autocorrelation and cluster formation. Conclusions: In Northeast Brazil, schistosomiasis persists with a high mortality rate, especially in the coastal region, with heterogeneous spatial and temporal patterns. To eliminate schistosomiasis by 2030, it is necessary to strengthen the financing and management of the unified health system (SUS).

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0431-2021

Carcass traits of goats finished with different levels of concentrate supplementation and kept on caatinga enriched with Urochloa trichopus
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Gama, Jean Francisco Pereira

; Pereira Filho, José Morais

; Nascimento, George Vieira do

; Cezar, Marcilio Fontes

; Gonzaga Neto, Severino

; Pessoa, Rosa Maria dos Santos

; Ferreira, Joyanne Mirelle de Sousa

; Cordão, Maiza Araújo

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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2022, Volume 23 elocation e71730

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar as características de carcaça de caprinos mestiços F1 (Bôer x sem padrão de raça definida) terminados em pastagem de caatinga raleada e enriquecida com capim corrente (Urochloa trichopus Stapf.), submetidos a suplementação. Foram utilizados 24 caprinos mestiços com peso vivo 27,00 ± 3,32 kg. O suplemento foi elaborado de modo a atender as exigências nutricionais para que os animais do maior nível de suplementação obtivessem um ganho de 150 g diário. Para a análise dos dados foi adotado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (níveis de suplementação de 0,0%; 0,5%; 1,0% e 1,5% do peso vivo) e seis repetições (animais). Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variância e de regressão. Observou-se que a suplementação proporcionou efeito linear crescente para o peso ao abate, peso de carcaça quente, peso de carcaça fria, peso de corpo vazio, rendimento de carcaça quente e rendimento de carcaça fria; efeito quadrático para o rendimento biológico. A perda de peso por resfriamento não sofreu influência da suplementação. Para os resultados das avaliações subjetivas apenas a conformação sofreu influência da suplementação (P<0,05). Para a morfometria observou-se efeito linear positivo da suplementação para o perímetro do tórax, perímetro da garupa, largura da garupa, largura do tórax. O nível de suplementação proporcionou efeito linear e positivo sobre o peso da maioria dos não componentes comestíveis da carcaça, sendo que para o rendimento não foi observado influência da suplementação para a maioria das variáveis. Conclui-se que o uso crescente de suplementação até o nível de 1,5% do peso vivo para caprinos F1 (Boer x sem padrão de raça definida) mantidos em pastagem de caatinga resulta em maiores pesos e rendimentos de carcaças.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the carcass traits of crossbred F1 goats (Boer x non-descript breed) finished on thinned caatinga pasture enriched with signal grass (Urochloa trichopus Stapf.), and receiving supplementation. Twenty-four crossbred F1 goats with 27.00 ± 3.32 kg body weight were used. The supplement was designed to meet the nutritional requirements and animals receiving the highest supplementation level could gain 150g per day. For data analysis, a completely randomized design was adopted, with four treatments (supplementation levels of 0.0%; 0.5%; 1.0% and 1.5% body weight) and six replications (animals). Data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression. Supplementation resulted in an increasing linear effect for slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, empty body weight, hot carcass yield and cold carcass yield; and a quadratic effect for biological yield. Weight loss by cooling was not influenced by supplementation. For the results of subjective evaluations, only conformation was influenced by supplementation (P<0.05). For morphometry, a positive linear effect of supplementation was found for thorax perimeter, croup perimeter, croup width, thorax width. The level of supplementation caused a positive linear effect on the weight of most non-edible carcass components, and there was no influence of supplementation on most variables for yield. It can be concluded that increasing levels of supplementation up to 1.5% body weight for F1 goats (Boer x non-descript breed) kept on caatinga pasture results in higher carcass weight and yield.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v23e-71730e

Combined legume and non-legume residues management improve soil organic matter on an Oxisol in Brazil
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Silva, Jônatas Pedro da

; Lustosa Filho, José Ferreira

; Teixeira, Rafael da Silva

; Xavier, Ana Márcia Tresinari

; Silva, Ivo Ribeiro da

; Soares, Emanuelle Mercês Barros

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e0220077

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Understanding soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics in production systems on tropical soils is necessary to guide strategies to increase SOM formation. This study aimed to evaluate soil carbon (C) dynamics by combining applications of different plant residues used on tropical soils. An incubation study was carried out with and without adding millet (Pennisetum americanum) residues combined with six crop residues (legumes and non-legumes); and one additional treatment with only millet residue. Higher C-CO2 fluxes recorded in jack bean, sunflower and velvet bean residues were correlated with high soluble compound contents (49.5, 49.6 and 32.1 %, respectively). Adding millet residues resulted in positive PE for all residue combinations. Soils without millet, except jack bean, had a negative PE. Residues application promoted four times increase in C-POM content (from 1.04 to 4.2 g kg-1 soil). The C-MAOM content had 2.4 times increase, being more expressive due to its high initial content (from 15.3 to 37.3 g kg-1 soil). The comparison between the final C contents in the SOM fractions showed a significant increase of 8.8 times for MAOM in relation to POM, demonstrating the larger dimension of this C reservoir in the soil. Both combinations of legumes + non-legumes and non-legume + non-legume contributed significantly to the conversion of C to MAOM. The results give insight into possible management strategies for significant C increments in the more stable SOM fractions, depending on the residue type (quality) and residue combination.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20220077

GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG MANGO HYBRIDS IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMIARID REGION1
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CARVALHO JÚNIOR, JOSÉ EDUARDO VASCONCELOS DE

; MATOS FILHO, CARLOS HUMBERTO AIRES

; GOMES, REGINA LUCIA FERREIRA

; LOPES, ÂNGELA CÉLIA DE ALMEIDA

; LIMA, MARIA AUXILIADORA COELHO DE

; LIMA NETO, FRANCISCO PINHEIRO

Revista Caatinga

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sep 2021, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 709 - 719

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate mango hybrids obtained by open pollination based on the physical and chemical traits of the fruit, and to analyze the genetic diversity among these hybrids to find plants that produce quality fruit both for direct consumption and for industrial processing. The hybrids under study were generated from seeds produced from crosses with unknown genotypes as a result of open pollination. The unknown genotypes were randomly scattered in areas dedicated to growing a Tommy Atkins variety, and plants were obtained from mango seeds generated through sexual propagation. To assess genetic diversity, cluster analysis was carried out, as well as principal component analysis. Two hybrids were most prominent in terms of fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, pulp weight, and pulp yield, with mean values greater than 245 g for pulp weight and 70% for pulp yield. Regarding fiber content in the pulp, six hybrids had a score of "2", that is, moderately fibrous fruit. For acidity and soluble solids content, the hybrids exhibited variations from 0.19 to 1.06% of citric acid and from 13.1 to 20.6 ºBrix, respectively. For peel color, tones ranging from reddish orange to yellow and green were observed. As for pulp color, there was variation from orange to light yellow tones. There was variability among the mango hybrids regarding the fruit traits analyzed, and hybrids that produce fruit that combine traits of economic interest were identified.

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar híbridos de mangueira obtidos por polinização aberta, com base em caracteres físicos e químicos dos frutos, além de analisar a diversidade genética entre os referidos híbridos, a fim de encontrar plantas que produzam frutos com qualidade tanto para consumo direto quanto para processamento industrial. Os híbridos estudados foram gerados a partir do cruzamento entre genótipos desconhecidos, resultantes de polinização livre, casualmente dispersos em áreas cultivadas exclusivamente com a variedade Tommy Atkins, cujas plantas foram obtidas por meio de propagação sexuada. Para aferir a diversidade genética, procedeu-se à análise de agrupamento, além da análise de componentes principais. Dois híbridos se destacaram quanto à massa do fruto, ao comprimento do fruto, ao diâmetro do fruto, à massa da polpa e rendimento de polpa, com as médias superiores a 245 g para massa da polpa e a 70% para o rendimento de polpa. Com relação ao teor de fibras na polpa, seis híbridos apresentaram nota “2”, ou seja, frutos moderadamente fibrosos. Para a acidez e o teor de sólidos solúveis os híbridos apresentaram variações de 0,19 a 1,06% de ácido cítrico e de 13,1 a 20,6 ºBrix, respectivamente. Para a coloração da casca, observaram-se tons variando entre laranja avermelhado, amarelo e verde. Quanto à coloração da polpa, houve variação de tons alaranjados a amarelo-claro. Houve variabilidade entre os híbridos de mangueira quanto aos caracteres do fruto analisados e foram identificados híbridos que produzem frutos que reúnem caracteres de interesse econômico.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n323rc

Size and weight of coffee beans regarding altitudinal ranges in coffee-growing areas in Toledo, Norte de Santander (Colombia)
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Núñez Rodríguez, José de Jesús

; Carvajal Rodríguez, Julio César

; Mendoza Ferreira, Omaira

Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria

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aug 2021, Volume 22 N. 2 elocation e1820

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la relación del tamaño y el peso de los granos de café arábica (Coffea arabica L.) con respecto a cinco gradientes altitudinales, desde los 1.000 hasta los 1.800 m s. n. m., en el municipio de Toledo, departamento de Norte de Santander (Colombia). Se seleccionaron al azar cuatro fincas por gradiente y se analizaron las cosechas de 2017 y 2018, para un total de 40 observaciones. Por cada muestra se clasificaron 120 g de granos verdes según tamaño y peso con las zarandas n.º 18, 16 y 14, y se pesaron 50 granos verdes por muestra para determinar las tendencias por piso altitudinal. Los datos obtenidos se examinaron mediante análisis descriptivo, varianza y prueba t de Student. El mayor valor del tamaño de los granos retenidos en la zaranda 18 fue de 17,99 g ± 8,16 g (piso 2) y el menor fue de 12,87 g ± 5,30 g (piso 1); en la zaranda 16, el mayor valor fue de 87,30 g ± 18,60 g (piso 2) y el menor fue de 62,56 g ± 19,49 g (piso 1); en la zaranda 14, el valor mayor fue de 52,86 g ± 18,20 g (piso 1) y el menor fue de 28,60 g ± 10,10 g (piso 2), y en los residuos, el mayor valor correspondió al piso 5, con media de 16,03 g ± 10,63 g, y el menor valor al piso 3, con 8,82 g ± 3,54 g.

Abstract The research objective is to establish the relationship between the size and weight of Arabica coffee beans and five altitudinal gradients, from 1,000 to 1,800 MAMSL, in the Toledo municipality, Norte de Santander, Colombia. Four farms were randomly selected per gradient, and the 2017 and 2018 harvests were analyzed, obtaining 40 observations. We classified 120 g of green beans per sample by size and weight using sieves # 18, 16, and 14, and weighed 50 green beans per sample to determine the trends by altitudinal zone. The data obtained were examined by descriptive analysis, variance, and Student’s t-test. The highest value of grain size retained in sieve # 18 was 17.99 g ± 8.16 g (Zone 2), and the lowest was 12.87 g ± 5.30 g (Zone 1); in sieve # 16, the highest value was 87.30 g ± 18.60 g (Zone 2), and the lowest was 62.56 g ± 19.49 g (Zone 1); in sieve # 14 the highest value was 52.86 g ± 18.20 g (Zone 1) and the lowest value was 28.60 g ± 10.10 g (Zone 2). As to the residues, the highest value corresponded to floor 5 with an average of 16.03 g ± 10.63 g, and Zone 3 obtained the lowest value with 8.82 g ± 3.54 g.

https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol22_num2_art:1820 40 downloads

10.

IN VITRO SEED GERMINATION AND PLANT GROWTH OF “CABEÇA-DE-FRADE” (CACTACEAE)
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RESENDE, SHEILA VITÓRIA

; LIMA-BRITO, ALONE

; SILVA, GABRIELA TORRES-

; SANTANA, JOSÉ RANIERE FERREIRA DE

Revista Caatinga

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jan 2021, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 1 - 8

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O gênero Melocactus (cabeça-de-frade) possui 32 espécies no Brasil, das quais M. glaucescens e M. paucispinus estão ameaçadas de extinção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de sais do meio Murashige e Skoog (MS, MS/2 e MS/4) e sacarose (15 g L-1 e 30 g L-1) na germinação de sementes e crescimento de plantas in vitro de M. glaucescens e a eficiência da esterilização do meio de cultura com hipoclorito de sódio (NaOCl) na germinação de sementes e crescimento de plantas in vitro de M. glaucescens ao utilizar sementes, M. glaucescens e M. paucispinus ao utilizar o segmento apical do cladódio. Para M. glaucescens a germinação final nas diferentes concentrações de MS e sacarose, variou de 53,5 a 68.1% e os melhores resultados para o crescimento in vitro foram observados nas menores concentrações de sais (MS/2 e MS/4) e de sacarose (15 g L-1) com valores de comprimento da parte aérea de 9,70 e 10,76 mm, respectivamente. Não houve diferença na germinação das sementes e crescimento das plantas em meio químico e autoclavado. Conclui-se que, o uso da esterilização química com NaOCl em baixas concentrações de sais (MS/2 e MS/4) e sacarose (15 g L-1) são as mais indicadas para produção de plantas ornamentais germinadas in vitro e /ou segmento apical do cladódio de M. glaucescens e M. paucispinus, o que representa uma redução de custo no cultivo in vitro dessas espécies.

ABSTRACT The genus Melocactus (“cabeça-de-frade”) comprises 32 species in Brazil, of which M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus are threatened with extinction. The present work evaluated the effects of different concentrations of Murashige & Skoog (MS, MS/2 and MS/4) culture medium and sucrose (15 g L-1 and 30 g L-1) on in vitro seed germination and plant growth of M. glaucescens and the efficiency of sterilization with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on in vitro seed germination and plant growth of M. glaucescens when using seeds and M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus when using apical segment of cladode. In M. glaucescens, the final germination at the different MS and sucrose concentrations varied between 53.5 and 68.1% and the best results for in vitro growth were observed with the lowest mineral salt (MS/2 and MS/4) and sucrose (15 g L-1) concentrations, with lengths of the aerial portion of 9.70 and 10.76 mm, respectively. There was no difference in seed germination and plant growth in chemical and autoclave medium. It is concluded that the use of chemical sterilization with NaOCl at low concentrations of salts (MS/2 and MS/4) and sucrose (15 g L-1) are quite advantageous for producing ornamental plants germinated in vitro and/or apical segment of cladode of M. glaucescens andM. paucispinus, representing a reduction of costs for in vitro cultivation of this species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n101rc 213 downloads

11.

Native and introduced forage cacti in Saanen dairy goat diets
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Góes Neto, Pedro Etelvino de

; Silva, José Geraldo Medeiros da

; Aguiar, Emerson Moreira de

; Melo, Airon Aparecido Silva de

; Lima, Guilherme Ferreira da Costa

; Cardoso, Daniel Barros

; Silva, Hildelblano Pereira da

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2021, Volume 43 elocation e51029

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to assess the nutrient intake and milk production of dairy goats fed with total mixed rations with different species of forage cacti. Five pluriparous Saanen goats (50 ± 4 kg) at nine weeks of lactation were allocated in a Latin square (5 x 5) with five diets and five periods. Each period was composed of 10 days for adaptation and seven days for collection. The treatments were composed of 473.0 to 501.0 g kg-1 of forage cacti: xiquexique (Pilosocereus gounellei), mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru), facheiro (Pilosocereus chrysostele), cactus cladodes cv. miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm-Dyck) and cactus cladodes cv. orelha de elefante mexicana (Opuntia stricta); plus sabiá hay (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) (188.0 to 198.0 g kg-1) and concentrate (311.0 to 329.0 g kg-1). The intake of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, and water intake through diet components were unaffected by experimental diets. For milk production and feed efficiency, no difference was observed among the diets. All diets containing different species of forage cacti can be used for dairy goats feed.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.510 436 downloads

12.

High genetic diversity of Anaplasma marginale infecting dairy cattle in northeastern Brazil
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Pereira, José Gomes

; Garcia, Amanda Barbosa

; Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo

; Ramos, Inalda Angélica de Souza

; Braga, Maria do Socorro Costa Oliveira

; Santos, Larissa Sarmento dos

; Melo, Ferdinan Almeida

; Santos, Hamilton Pereira

; Carvalho Neta, Alcina Vieira de

; Rosário, Carla Janaina Rebouças Marques do

; Lima, Cristian Alex Aquino

; de Carvalho, Robert Ferreira Barroso

; Silva, Lucas Diniz

; Lima, Maurício Sousa

; André, Marcos Rogério

; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2021, Volume 30 N. 4 elocation e014321

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Anaplasma marginale é uma bactéria Gram-negativa intracelular obrigatória de eritrócitos de ruminantes e responsável pela anaplasmose bovina. A diversidade genética de A. marginale tem sido caracterizada com base nas sequências das principais proteínas de superfície (MSPs), como a MSP1α. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a diversidade genética de A. marginale em bovinos no estado do Maranhão, Nordeste do Brasil. Dessa forma, 343 amostras de sangue foram submetidas ao ensaio iELISA, utilizando-se a proteína recombinante MSP5. Das 343 amostras de sangue, 235 (68,5%) foram escolhidas aleatoriamente e submetidas à extração de DNA, qPCR e PCR convencional para gene msp1α, para determinação das sequências de aminoácidos e classificação dos genótipos. Os resultados do iELISA mostraram 81,34% de soropositividade (279/343), enquanto qPCR revelou 224 amostras positivas (95,32%). Dentre estas na qPCR, 67,4% (151/224) mostraram-se positivas no PCR convencional. Das 50 sequências obtidas, 21 cepas não haviam sido relatadas anteriormente. Em relação aos genótipos, H (26/50) e E (18/50) foram os mais frequentes, enquanto os genótipos F e C foram identificados apenas duas vezes cada, e B e G uma vez cada. Em conclusão, alta prevalência e marcante diversidade genética de A. marginale foram observadas em rebanhos leiteiros no estado do Maranhão.

Abstract Anaplasma marginale is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium found in ruminants’ erythrocytes and is the etiological agent of bovine anaplasmosis. The bacterium’s genetic diversity has been characterized based on sequences of major surface proteins (MSPs), such as MSP1α. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic diversity of A. marginale in cattle in the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. To this end, 343 blood samples were harvested and subjected to iELISA assays using the recombinant surface protein MSP5. Out of 343 blood samples, 235 (68.5%) were randomly chosen and submitted to DNA extraction, qPCR and conventional PCR targeting the msp1α gene to determine amino acid sequences and classify the genotypes. The iELISA results showed 81.34% seropositivity (279/343), whereas qPCR revealed 224 positive samples (95.32%). Among these qPCR-positive samples, 67.4% (151/224) were also positive in the cPCR. Among the 50 obtained sequences, 21 strains had not been previously reported. Regarding the genotypes, H (26/50) and E (18/50) were identified most often, while genotypes F and C were only identified twice each and B and G once each. In conclusion, high prevalence and genetic diversity for A. marginale were observed in dairy cattle herds in the state of Maranhão.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612021097

13.

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOANATOMIC RESPONSES OF Bowdichia virgilioides KUNTH. (FABACEAE) TO GLYPHOSATE
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Oliveira, Ana Paula Augusta de

; Crispim-Filho, Ailton José

; Santos, Vanessa Ribeirode Souza

; Costa, Alan Carlos

; Silva, Kellen Lagares Ferreira

Revista Árvore

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2021, Volume 45 elocation e4528

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A expansão do agronegócio no Brasil, se deve em parte pela ampliação das áreas agricultáveis no Cerrado, o que, consequentemente, leva a um aumento do uso de herbicidas, entre eles o glifosato. Em vista disso, objetivou-se avaliar as respostas fisiológicas e morfoanatômicos de Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth. (Fabaceae), quando expostas ao herbicida glifosato, em condições controladas de casa de vegetação. Além disso, o estudo se propôs a identificar possíveis padrões de respostas da espécie estudada, com o propósito de fornecer subsídios para o estudo da espécie, em áreas atingidas por deriva deste herbicida. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com sete doses do herbicida: 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 e 1200 g i.a ha-1, além d o controle (0), com quatro repetições cada. Foram analisados: trocas gasosas, emissão de fluorescência da clorofila a, conteúdo de pigmentos cloroplastídicos, permeabilidade de membrana e características visuais e anatômicas. Os resultados mostraram que o glifosato é fitotóxico para B. virgilioides, pois, mesmo em doses baixas este herbicida foi capaz de afetar todos os parâmetros analisados. Houve também a confirmação da presença de compostos fenólicos, principalmente no parênquima paliçádico. As alterações metabólicas apresentadas, comprovam a sensibilidade de B. virgilioides ao glifosato. Dessa maneira, as respostas observadas, podem servir como ferramenta de diagnóstico dos efeitos da exposição de glifosato sobre essa espécie, presente em áreas nativas atingidas pela deriva deste herbicida. Seu uso indiscriminado é um risco à biodiversidade do Cerrado.

ABSTRACT The expansion of agribusiness in Brazil is partly due to the expansion of arable areas in the Cerrado biome, which, consequently, leads to an increase in the use of herbicides, including glyphosate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological and morphoanatomic responses of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth. (Fabaceae), when exposed to the herbicide glyphosate, under controlled greenhouse conditions. In addition, the study proposed to identify possible response patterns of the studied species and provide subsidies for the study of the species in areas affected by the drift of the herbicide. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with seven doses of the herbicide: 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1200 g i.a ha-1 besides the control (0), with four repetitions each. Gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence emission, chloroplast pigment content, membrane permeability, and visual and anatomical features were analyzed. The results showed that glyphosate is phytotoxic to B. virgilioides because, even at low doses, this herbicide was able to affect all parameters analyzed. There was also confirmation of the presence of phenolic compounds, mainly in the palisade parenchyma. The metabolic alterations presented demonstrated the sensitivity of B. virgilioides to glyphosate. Thus, the observed responses can serve as a tool for diagnosing the effects of glyphosate exposure on this species, present in native areas affected by the drift of this herbicide. Its indiscriminate use poses a risk to Cerrado biodiversity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820210000028 124 downloads

14.

Nutrients exportation by Tifdwarf bermudagrass from golf course greens
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Mateus, Caroline de Moura D’Andréa

; Castilho, Regina Maria Monteiro de

; Santos, Patrick Luan Ferreira dos

; Mota, Flávia Diniz

; Godoy, Leandro José Grava de

; Villas Bôas, Roberto Lyra

Ornamental Horticulture

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sep 2020, Volume 26 N. 3 Pages 422 - 431

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Uma das técnicas de manejo utilizada nos greens (áreas finais dos buracos) de campo de golfe é a adubação. Para correto programa de adubação destas áreas deve-se conhecer o consumo de nutrientes ao longo do ciclo da planta. Objetivou-se determinar a exportação de nutrientes pelas aparas de grama bermuda Tifdwarf (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davey) utilizada em greens de campo de golfe, nas quatro estações climáticas, como informação para melhorar o manejo nutricional realizado. O experimento foi realizado em dois campos de golfe no estado de São Paulo. Foram estudados quatro greens em cada campo, pelo período de um ano, sendo adotado um fatorial 4x2 (estações climáticas x campos de golfe) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foram avaliadas a produção de massa seca foliar e a concentração de nutrientes, calculando-se posteriormente a absorção e exportação de nutrientes pelas aparas das folhas. A quantidade exportada de nutrientes pelas aparas de grama foi diferente entre os dois campos de golfe. O verão foi a estação de maior acúmulo e exportação de nutrientes no FG, exceto para Fe. O outono foi a estação de maior acúmulo e exportação de nutrientes no FCA, exceto para Mn e Zn. Considerando a quantidade de nutrientes exportada pelas aparas da grama bermuda Tifdwarf dos greens nos dois campos de golfe estudados, os macronutrientes foram exportados na seguinte ordem: N>K>Ca>P>S>Mg (21,8; 4,3; 2,0; 1,9; 1,8; 0,7 g m-2) e os micronutrientes foram exportados na seguinte ordem: Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>B (257,8; 27,4; 23,6; 7,8; 6,0 mg m-2).

Abstract One of the management techniques used in greens (final areas of the holes) of golf course is the fertilizer. To correct fertilization program of these areas should know the consumption of nutrients throughout the plant cycle. The objective was to determine the export of nutrients by clipping of Tifdwarf bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davey) used in golf courses greens in the four weather seasons, as information to improve nutritional management. The research project was conducted in two golf courses in Sao Paulo State. Four greens were studied in each field, for a period of one year, using a 4x2 factorial (weather seasons x golf courses) in a completely randomized design. The production of dry matter and nutrient concentration were evaluated, and the absorption and exportation of nutrients by leaf clippings was subsequently calculated. The amount of nutrients exported by turfgrass clippings was different between the two golf courses. The summer was the season of greatest accumulation and export of nutrients in FG, except for Fe. Autumn was the season of greatest accumulation and export of nutrients in FCA, except for Mn and Zn. Considering the amount of nutrients exported by the greens clippings of the Tifdwarf bermudagrass from the two golf courses studied, the macronutrients were exported in the following order: N>K>Ca>P>S>Mg (21.8, 4.3, 2.0, 1.9, 1.8, 0.7 g m-2) and the micronutrients were exported in the following order: Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>B (257.8, 27.4, 23.6, 7.8, 6.0 mg m-2).

https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v26i3.2229 534 downloads

15.

Superiority of the triple combination of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone versus cyclophosphamide, thalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, eligible for transplantation
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Crusoe, Edvan De Queiroz

; Higashi, Fabiana

; Martinez, Gracia

; Bittencourt, Rosane

; Pinto Neto, Jorge Vaz

; Sousa, Lais

; Santucci, Rodrigo

; Magalhães, Roberto José Pessoa

; Colli, Gilberto

; Nunes, Renata Ferreira Marques

; Ribeiro, Glaciano

; Nicacio, Jandir

; Zanella, Karla Richter

; Kutner, Jose Mauro

; Magalhaes, Andre

; Leao, Danielle

; Hallack Neto, Abrahão Elias

; Braga, Walter

; Souza, Emanuella G

; Guimaraes, Antonio Julio A.M.

; Durigon, Giovanna Steffenello

; Laks, Dani

; Maiolino, Angelo

; Hungria, Vania Tietsche de Moraes

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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jun 2020, Volume 42 N. 2 Pages 118 - 124

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: The treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) has evolved significantly in the past decade, and new drug combinations have improved the response rates and prolonged survival. Studies comparing different induction chemotherapy regimens have shown that triple combinations have better results than double combinations. However, comparisons among different triple combinations are rare in the literature. Methods: We retrospectively compared two triple combinations comprising bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCD) versus thalidomide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (CTD), and aimed at identifying which of the two combinations would yield better response rates following four induction cycles prior to hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with untreated multiple myeloma. Results: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 311 patients from 24 different centers.The VCD regimen was used as induction therapy by 117 (37.6%) patients, whereas 194 (62.4%) patients received the CTD regimen. After four cycles of induction on an intention-to-treat basis, 54% of the patients in the VCD group achieved at least very good partial response versus 42.8% in the CTD group (p = 0.05). We observed no difference in neuropathy or thrombotic events rates among the two regimens. Conclusion: Our results corroborate the superiority of the triple combination regimes containing bortezomib over the triple combination with thalidomide as pre ASCT induction therapy in MM.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2019.05.004 283 downloads

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