Abstract Objective: To evaluate the relationship between excess body weight (EBW) and the prevalence of dental caries in preschoolers considering parental control regarding snack consumption. Material and Methods: An observational, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at Municipal Child Education Centers in the city of Curitiba, Brazil, involving a representative sample of 686 preschool children aged four to five years and eleven months and their parents/caregivers. Dental caries was analyzed using the dmft index. Weight and height were measured for the determination of the body mass index, which was categorized for each z-score range considering age and sex. Children with overweight or obesity were considered to have EBW. The assessment of nutritional status was performed with the aid of the WHO Anthro and WHO Anthro Plus programs. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Poisson regression analysis with robust variance (α= 0.05). Results: The children with EBW had a lower prevalence rate of caries, but this association lost its significance when adjusted by the other variables included in the multivariate model. In the multivariate regression analysis, household income per capita (PR=0.804; 95%CI: 0.665-0.972), child's age (PR=1.015; 95%CI: 1.001-1.029) and snack limits (PR=0.839; 95%IC: 0.732-0.962) were associated with a greater prevalence rate of dental caries. Conclusion: Excess body weight was not significantly associated with dental caries, whereas a lower parental limit regarding snack consumption by the children was independently associated with a higher prevalence rate of dental caries.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) administered to adolescents. METHODS The study included 750 adolescents: 375 aged 12 years and 375 aged 15–19 years, attending public and private schools in Campina Grande, state of Paraíba, Brazil, in 2017. Reliability was measured based on internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Convergent validity was measured based on correlations between BREALD-30 and Functional Literacy Indicator scores. Divergent validity was measured by comparing BREALD-30 scores with sociodemographic variables. For predictive validity, the association between BREALD-30 scores and the presence of cavitated carious lesions was tested using a multiple logistic regression model. All statistical tests were performed with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS BREALD-30 showed good internal consistency for the 12 year olds and 15 to19 year olds (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.871 and 0.834, respectively) and good test-retest reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.898 and 0.974; kappa = 0.804 and 0.808, respectively]. Moreover, item-total correlation was satisfactory for all items. BREALD-30 had convergent validity with the Functional Literacy Indicator for 12 year olds (rs = 0.558, p < 0.001) and for 15 to 19 year olds (rs = 0.652, p < 0.001). Participants with higher oral health literacy levels who attended private schools (p < 0.001), belonged to economic classes A and B2 (p < 0.001), and who had parents with higher education levels (p < 0.001) were included, indicating the divergent validity of the BREALD-30. Participants with lower BREALD-30 scores were more likely to have cavitated carious lesions [12 year olds: odds ratio (OR) = 2.37; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.48–3.80; 15 to 19 year olds: OR = 1.96; 95%CI 1.24–3.11]. CONCLUSIONS BREALD-30 shows satisfactory psychometric properties for use on Brazilian adolescents and can be applied as a fast, simple, and reliable measure of oral health literacy.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) administered to adolescents. METHODS The study included 750 adolescents: 375 aged 12 years and 375 aged 15–19 years, attending public and private schools in Campina Grande, state of Paraíba, Brazil, in 2017. Reliability was measured based on internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Convergent validity was measured based on correlations between BREALD-30 and Functional Literacy Indicator scores. Divergent validity was measured by comparing BREALD-30 scores with sociodemographic variables. For predictive validity, the association between BREALD-30 scores and the presence of cavitated carious lesions was tested using a multiple logistic regression model. All statistical tests were performed with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS BREALD-30 showed good internal consistency for the 12 year olds and 15 to19 year olds (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.871 and 0.834, respectively) and good test-retest reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.898 and 0.974; kappa = 0.804 and 0.808, respectively]. Moreover, item-total correlation was satisfactory for all items. BREALD-30 had convergent validity with the Functional Literacy Indicator for 12 year olds (rs = 0.558, p < 0.001) and for 15 to 19 year olds (rs = 0.652, p < 0.001). Participants with higher oral health literacy levels who attended private schools (p < 0.001), belonged to economic classes A and B2 (p < 0.001), and who had parents with higher education levels (p < 0.001) were included, indicating the divergent validity of the BREALD-30. Participants with lower BREALD-30 scores were more likely to have cavitated carious lesions [12 year olds: odds ratio (OR) = 2.37; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.48–3.80; 15 to 19 year olds: OR = 1.96; 95%CI 1.24–3.11]. CONCLUSIONS BREALD-30 shows satisfactory psychometric properties for use on Brazilian adolescents and can be applied as a fast, simple, and reliable measure of oral health literacy.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a relação entre a alfabetização em saúde bucal (ASB) entre os cuidadores e a cárie dentária não tratada entre pré-escolares. Um estudo transversal foi realizado envolvendo 415 crianças pré-escolares e seus cuidadores de Curitiba-Brasil. As crianças foram examinadas para cárie dentária e placa dental. O ASB dos cuidadores foi avaliado usando um instrumento traduzido e validado para o idioma português do Brasil, o Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry-30. A prevalência de crianças com cárie não tratada foi de 42,9% (IC 95%: 38,1-47,7%). Um baixo grau de ASB foi encontrado entre 15,7% (IC 95%: 12,2-19,2) de cuidadores. A análise de regressão de Poisson multivariada indicou uma maior prevalência de cárie não tratada entre crianças cujos cuidadores apresentaram baixo ASB (PR = 1,35; IC 95%: 1,01-1,79), aqueles com placa visível (PR = 1,28; IC 95%: 1,01-1,62) e aqueles que nunca ou apenas ocasionalmente tiveram seus dentes escovados por seus cuidadores (PR = 1,48; IC 95%: 1,16-1,91) em comparação com aqueles sem essas condições. Pode-se concluir que uma maior prevalência de cárie dentária não tratada foi encontrada entre os pré-escolares cujos cuidadores tinham um baixo grau de ASB.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between oral health literacy (OHL) among caregivers and untreated dental caries among preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 415 preschool children and their caregivers from Curitiba, Brazil. The children were examined for dental caries and dental plaque. The caregivers’ OHL was evaluated using an instrument translated and validated for Brazilian Portuguese: the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry-30. The prevalence of children with untreated caries was 42.9% (95%CI: 38.1-47.7%). A low degree of OHL was found among 15.7% (95%CI: 12.2-19.2) of caregivers. The multivariable Poisson regression analysis indicated a higher prevalence of untreated caries among children whose caregivers had a low OHL (PR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.79), those with visible plaque (PR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.01-1.62) and those who never or only occasionally had their teeth brushed by their caregivers (PR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.16-1.91) in comparison to those without these conditions. In conclusion, a higher prevalence of untreated dental caries was found among preschool children whose caregivers had a low degree of OHL.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a relação entre a alfabetização em saúde bucal (ASB) entre os cuidadores e a cárie dentária não tratada entre pré-escolares. Um estudo transversal foi realizado envolvendo 415 crianças pré-escolares e seus cuidadores de Curitiba-Brasil. As crianças foram examinadas para cárie dentária e placa dental. O ASB dos cuidadores foi avaliado usando um instrumento traduzido e validado para o idioma português do Brasil, o Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry-30. A prevalência de crianças com cárie não tratada foi de 42,9% (IC 95%: 38,1-47,7%). Um baixo grau de ASB foi encontrado entre 15,7% (IC 95%: 12,2-19,2) de cuidadores. A análise de regressão de Poisson multivariada indicou uma maior prevalência de cárie não tratada entre crianças cujos cuidadores apresentaram baixo ASB (PR = 1,35; IC 95%: 1,01-1,79), aqueles com placa visível (PR = 1,28; IC 95%: 1,01-1,62) e aqueles que nunca ou apenas ocasionalmente tiveram seus dentes escovados por seus cuidadores (PR = 1,48; IC 95%: 1,16-1,91) em comparação com aqueles sem essas condições. Pode-se concluir que uma maior prevalência de cárie dentária não tratada foi encontrada entre os pré-escolares cujos cuidadores tinham um baixo grau de ASB.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between oral health literacy (OHL) among caregivers and untreated dental caries among preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 415 preschool children and their caregivers from Curitiba, Brazil. The children were examined for dental caries and dental plaque. The caregivers’ OHL was evaluated using an instrument translated and validated for Brazilian Portuguese: the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry-30. The prevalence of children with untreated caries was 42.9% (95%CI: 38.1-47.7%). A low degree of OHL was found among 15.7% (95%CI: 12.2-19.2) of caregivers. The multivariable Poisson regression analysis indicated a higher prevalence of untreated caries among children whose caregivers had a low OHL (PR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.79), those with visible plaque (PR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.01-1.62) and those who never or only occasionally had their teeth brushed by their caregivers (PR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.16-1.91) in comparison to those without these conditions. In conclusion, a higher prevalence of untreated dental caries was found among preschool children whose caregivers had a low degree of OHL.

Resumo O não comparecimento a consultas tem um grande impacto no gerenciamento dos serviços de saúde pública. O objetivo foi avaliar os fatores associados ao não comparecimento às primeiras consultas de pacientes pediátricos nos serviços de atenção secundária em saúde bucal na cidade de Curitiba, Brasil. Um estudo transversal foi desenvolvido com dados secundários obtidos de cadastros eletrônicos da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Curitiba. Participaram crianças de 0 a 12 anos de idade encaminhadas para atenção secundária nos anos de 2010 a 2013. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de qui-quadrado de Pearson e qui-quadrado de tendência linear (α = 0,05). Foram constituídos modelos de regressão logística binária. Foram analisados os dados de 1.663 crianças. A prevalência de não comparecimento às primeiras consultas foi de 28,3%. As variáveis que estiveram associadas ao não comparecimento na análise inferencial (p < 0,05) e no modelo final foram a renda per capita familiar (95% CI: 1,93-2,82) e o tempo de espera em fila virtual (95% CI: 1,000-1,002). Aspectos econômicos e o tempo de espera em fila virtual devem ser considerados no planejamento estratégico dos serviços públicos de saúde bucal, pois podem influenciar o comparecimento de pacientes na atenção secundária.

Abstract Missed appointments have a great economic, social and administrative impact on the management of public health services. This research aimed to study factors associated with non-attendance to the first appointments of pediatric patients in secondary dental care services in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was performed using secondary data from the electronic health records of the Curitiba Municipal Secretary of Health. The study included all children (0-12 years) referred to secondary dental clinics in the years 2010 to 2013. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test and Pearson linear trend chi-square (α = 0.05). Binary logistic regression models were built. Data from 1,663 children were assessed and the prevalence of non-attendance was 28.3%. The variables associated with the non-attendance in inferential analysis (p < 0.05) and in the final model were the household income per capita (95% CI: 1.93-2.82) and the waiting time in virtual queue (95% CI: 1.000-1.002). Socioeconomic aspects and the waiting time in virtual queue, should be considered in the strategic planning of health services as they may influence the attendance of pediatric patients in secondary dental referral service.

Resumo O não comparecimento a consultas tem um grande impacto no gerenciamento dos serviços de saúde pública. O objetivo foi avaliar os fatores associados ao não comparecimento às primeiras consultas de pacientes pediátricos nos serviços de atenção secundária em saúde bucal na cidade de Curitiba, Brasil. Um estudo transversal foi desenvolvido com dados secundários obtidos de cadastros eletrônicos da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Curitiba. Participaram crianças de 0 a 12 anos de idade encaminhadas para atenção secundária nos anos de 2010 a 2013. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de qui-quadrado de Pearson e qui-quadrado de tendência linear (α = 0,05). Foram constituídos modelos de regressão logística binária. Foram analisados os dados de 1.663 crianças. A prevalência de não comparecimento às primeiras consultas foi de 28,3%. As variáveis que estiveram associadas ao não comparecimento na análise inferencial (p < 0,05) e no modelo final foram a renda per capita familiar (95% CI: 1,93-2,82) e o tempo de espera em fila virtual (95% CI: 1,000-1,002). Aspectos econômicos e o tempo de espera em fila virtual devem ser considerados no planejamento estratégico dos serviços públicos de saúde bucal, pois podem influenciar o comparecimento de pacientes na atenção secundária.

Abstract Missed appointments have a great economic, social and administrative impact on the management of public health services. This research aimed to study factors associated with non-attendance to the first appointments of pediatric patients in secondary dental care services in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was performed using secondary data from the electronic health records of the Curitiba Municipal Secretary of Health. The study included all children (0-12 years) referred to secondary dental clinics in the years 2010 to 2013. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test and Pearson linear trend chi-square (α = 0.05). Binary logistic regression models were built. Data from 1,663 children were assessed and the prevalence of non-attendance was 28.3%. The variables associated with the non-attendance in inferential analysis (p < 0.05) and in the final model were the household income per capita (95% CI: 1.93-2.82) and the waiting time in virtual queue (95% CI: 1.000-1.002). Socioeconomic aspects and the waiting time in virtual queue, should be considered in the strategic planning of health services as they may influence the attendance of pediatric patients in secondary dental referral service.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o perfil sododemográfico e clínico dos pacientes no pós-operatório de confecção de estoma intestinal. Material e método: Estudo de abordagem quantitativa, descritiva, realizado no período de agosto a outubro de 2015, em um serviço filantrópico de referência em oncologia, localizado em Teresina, capital da província do Piauí, Brasil. Um questionário sociodemográfico, clínico e um exame físico com ênfase na avaliação do abdome e do estoma foram aplicados em 56 pacientes. Resultados: Perfil sociodemográfico: idade média de 57,75 anos, predominantemente mulheres (67,9%), do interior do Piauí (62,5%), residentes em áreas urbanas (69,6%), raça mulata (53,6%), religião católica (78,6%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (37,5%) e renda até um salário mínimo (67,9%). Perfil clínico: 42,9% tinham câncer de reto como diagnóstico médico, 85,7% tinham colostomia, em 76,8% a cirurgia era eletiva e não demarcada (57,1%), com equipamento coletor de 1 peça (51,8%), boa fixação da equipe de coleta (87,5%) e estoma com boa função (89,3%). Conclusão: A assistência ao estomizado deve estar embasada no conhecimento científico do processo de enfermagem e identificar as principais necessidades de cada paciente, de acordo com seus perfis sociodemográficos e clínicos.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients in the postoperative period following intestinal stoma surgery. Material and method: Quantitative study, with a descriptive approach carried out between August and October 2015, in a philanthropic service of reference in an oncology unit, located in Teresina, capital of the province of Piauí, Brazil. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire plus a physical examination with emphasis on the evaluation of the abdomen and stoma were applied to 56 patients. Results: Sociodemographic profile: average age of 57.75 years, mostly women (67.9%), from the interior of Piauí (62.5%), who live in urban areas (69.6%), of mulatto ethnicity (53.6%), Catholic religion (78.6%), with incomplete primary education (37.5%) and an income up to minimum wage (67.9%). Clinical profile: 42.9% had rectal cancer as a medical diagnosis, 85.7% had colostomy; the surgery was elective in 76.8% and not demarcated (57.1%), with a one-piece collector bag system (51.8%), good fixation of the collector bag (87.5%) and stoma with good function (89.3%). Conclusion: The care of patients with stomas should be based on scientific knowledge of the nursing process, and the main needs of each patient should be identified based on their sociodemographic and clinical profiles.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de los pacientes en posoperatorio mediato de estoma intestinal. Material y método: Estudio de abordaje cuantitativo, descriptivo realizado entre agosto a octubre de 2015, en un servicio filantrópico de referencia en oncología, ubicado en Teresina, capital de la provincia de Piauí, Brasil. A 56 pacientes se les aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico más un examen físico con énfasis en la evaluación del abdomen y el estoma. Resultados: Perfíl sociodemográfico: edad media de 57,75 años, en su mayoría mujeres (67,9%), del interior del Piauí (62,5%), que viven en zonas urbanas (69,6%), de raza mulata (53,6%), religión católica (78,6%), con escolaridad primaria incompleta (37,5%) y un ingreso de hasta un salario mínimo (67,9%). Perfil clínico: el 42,9% tenía cáncer del recto como un diagnóstico médico, el 85,7% tenía colostomía, en el 76,8% la cirugía fue electiva y no demarcada (57,1%), con equipos colectores de 1 pieza (51,8%), buena fijación del equipo recolector (87,5%) y estoma con buena función (89,3%). Conclusión: La atención al paciente estomizado debe basarse en el conocimiento científico del proceso de enfermería e identificar las principales necesidades de cada paciente en función de sus perfiles sociodemográficos y clínicos.

Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of individual and contextual factors on the occurrence of toothache in five-year-old children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 756 five-year-old children from public and private preschools in a city in the countryside of the northeast of Brazil. The sample was determined through probabilistic sampling in two stages (preschools and children). The children included could not have systematic diseases, permanent tooth or orthodontic treatment. Parents/caregivers were required to spend at least 12 hours per day with their children. The history of toothache during the life of the child was reported by parents/guardians. Socioeconomic and psychological questionnaires were completed by parents/guardians. Variables related to social context were obtained from the preschools in which the children studied and the official publications of the municipal region. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models were used to investigate the association between individual and contextual characteristics and history of toothache. The history of toothache was found for 23.8% of the children. Among the individual determinants, gender of the child, order of birth, and schooling of parent/guardian were associated with toothache in children. The individual variables remained associated with the outcome after the addition of the contextual variables to the model. The type of preschool was the contextual determinant associated with toothache in the final model. Both individual (gender, order of birth and schooling of parents/guardians) and contextual (type of preschool) determinants were associated with history of toothache in five-year-old children.

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência de fatores individuais e contextuais na ocorrência de dor de dente em crianças de cinco anos de idade. Um estudo transversal foi realizado com 756 crianças de cinco anos de idade de pré-escolas públicas e privadas em uma cidade no interior do Nordeste do Brasil. A seleção da amostra foi realizada por meio de amostragem probabilística em duas etapas (pré-escolas e crianças). As crianças incluídas não poderiam ter doenças sistêmicas, dentes permanentes ou tratamento ortodôntico. Foram incluídos apenas pais/responsáveis que passavam pelo menos 12 horas por dia com seus filhos. O histórico de dor de dente durante a vida da criança foi relatado pelos pais/responsáveis. Os questionários socioeconômicos e psicológicos foram preenchidos pelos pais/responsáveis. As variáveis relacionadas ao contexto social foram obtidas na pré-escola em que as crianças estudaram e nas publicações oficiais da região municipal. Os modelos de regressão de Poisson multinível não ajustados e ajustados foram utilizados para investigar a associação entre características individuais e contextuais e histórico de dor de dente. O histórico de dor de dente foi encontrado em 23,8% das crianças. Entre os determinantes individuais, gênero da criança, ordem de nascimento e escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis foram associados com dor de dente em crianças. As variáveis individuais permaneceram associadas ao resultado após a adição das variáveis contextuais ao modelo. O tipo de pré-escola foi o determinante contextual associado ao histórico de dor de dente no modelo final. Tanto o indivíduo (gênero, ordem de nascimento e escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis) quanto os determinantes contextuais (tipo de pré-escolar) foram associados com o histórico de dor de dente em crianças de cinco anos de idade.

Abstract Objective To revise HIV-1 vertical transmission (VT) rates in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from January of 2006 to December of 2014. Methods Descriptive study of a prospective cohort of HIV-1-infected pregnant women and their children, monitored by the Maternal and Child HIV/Aids Research Group of Research Group at Faculty of Medicine of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil. Results The VT general rate was 1.9% (13/673; confidence interval [CI] 95%: 1.0-3.3). The extensive use of combined highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (89.7%; 583/650) strongly impacted the reduction of VT during this period. Maternal viral load (VL) higher than 1,000 copies/mL showed significant association with VT (OR:6.6; CI 95%:1.3-33.3). Maternal breastfeeding was described in 10 cases in this cohort (1.5%; CI 95%: 0.7-2.7), but it was not associated with VT. Conclusion The present cohort data were coherent with the low VT rate described in other global populations, and it was considerably lower in comparison to the results of the same cohort during the period of 1998-2005, when the VT rate was 6.2%. These data confirm the efficiency of the National Guidelines, and emphasize the importance of adopting the international recommended procedures for prevention of mother-tochild transmission (MTCT) of HIV.

Resumo Objetivo Rever as taxas de transmissão vertical (TV) do HIV-1 na área metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Brasil, de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2014. Métodos Estudo descritivo de uma coorte prospectiva de gestantes infectadas pelo HIV-1 e seus filhos, monitorados pelo Grupo de Pesquisa em HIV/Aids Materno-Infantil, da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Resultados A taxa geral de TV foi de 1,9% (13/673; intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 1,0-3,3). O uso extensivo de terapia antirretroviral combinada (TARVc) (89,7%; 583/ 650) impactou fortemente a redução de TV durante este período. Carga viral materna superior a 1.000 cópias/mL mostrou associação significante com TV (OR: 6,6; IC 95%:1,3-33,3). A amamentação materna foi descrita em 10 casos nesta coorte (1,5%; IC 95%: 0,7-2,7), mas não foi associada à TV. Conclusão Os dados atuais da coorte foram coerentes com a baixa taxa de TV descrita em outras populações globais, e foi consideravelmentemenor em comparação com os resultados da mesma coorte no período de 1998-2005, quando a taxa de TV foi de 6,2%. Esses dados confirmam a eficiência das Diretrizes Nacionais, e enfatizam a importância de adotar os procedimentos internacionais recomendados para a prevenção da transmissão do HIV da mãe para o filho.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dual task multimodal physical training (MPT) on the cognitive functions and muscle strength in older adults with AD. Participants were 19 subjects with AD in the mild and moderate stages, divided into training group (TG) and control group (CG). The TG performed dual task MPT for 12 weeks. Subjects were evaluated at the pre- and post-intervention moments. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) were used to assess cognition. For muscle strength, the Chair Lift and Sit Test (CLST) and Manual Grasp Force (MGF) were used. The Wilcoxon test was used to analyze pre and post intragroup moments. The TG showed a significant improvement in FAB and CLST (p≤0.05) and a tendency to improve the MMSE score (p≤0.08). The CG showed significant improvement in CLST (p≤0.05). Dual task MPT improves the frontal cognitive functions and lower limb muscle strength of older adults with AD.

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do treinamento físico multimodal (TFM) com dupla tarefa nas funções cognitivas e força muscular de idosos com DA. Participaram 19 indivíduos com DA no estágio leve e moderado, divididos em grupo treinamento (GT) e grupo controle (GC). O GT realizou TFM com dupla tarefa por 12 semanas. Os idosos foram avaliados no momento pré e pós-intervenção. Para avaliação da cognição foram utilizados o Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), Teste do Desenho do Relógio (TDR) e Bateria de Avaliação Frontal (BAF). Para a força muscular o Teste de Levantar e Sentar da Cadeira (TLSC) e Força de Preensão Manual (FPM). O teste de Wilcoxon foi utilizado para analisar os momentos pré e pós-intragrupos. O GT apresentou melhora significativa na BAF e TLSC (p≤0,05) e tendência de melhora no escore do MEEM (p≤0,08). O GC apresentou melhora significativa no TLSC (p≤0,05). O TFM com dupla tarefa melhorou as funções cognitivas frontais e a força muscular de membros inferiores de idosos com DA.

Resumen Objetivo. Caracterizar a los ancianos y a sus cuidadores, verificando la asociación de los síntomas depresivos del anciano y la sobrecarga del cuidador con las variables de interés. Métodos. Estudio transversal con 80 ancianos y 78 cuidadores en una Unidad de Atención Primaria en el sur de Brasil. La recolección retrospectiva de la información se hizo utilizando una base de datos estructurada realizada a partir de un instrumento de evaluación multidimensional aplicado en la atención domiciliaria a los ancianos y sus cuidadores. Resultados. La mayoría de los ancianos eran mujeres (71.3%), con edad media de 82.1 años. 52.6% informó tristeza o abatimiento. La hipertensión fue la morbilidad más frecuente (68.8%). En cuanto a los cuidadores, la mayoría eran mujeres (85.7%), hijas de los ancianos (53.2%) con una edad media de 57.8 años. El 38.7% informó que se sentía con sobrecarga. La presencia de síntomas depresivos en los ancianos se asociaron con la enfermedad de Parkinson (p=0.016) y que tiene cuidador de sexo masculino (p=0.006). La sobrecarga del cuidador se relacionó con la ayuda en las actividades de la vida diaria, como el baño (p=0.021). Conclusión. Fue evidente la diferencia en cuanto al sexo del cuidador y la presencia de síntomas depresivos y en la asistencia en las actividades de la vida diaria del anciano para la sobrecarga del cuidador.

Abstract Objective. To characterize the elderly population and their caregivers and to verify the association of depressive symptoms of the elderly and the caregiver’s burden with the variables of interest. Methods. A cross-sectional study with 80 elderly people and 78 caregivers in a Primary Health Service in southern Brazil. Retrospective collection conducted in a structured database based on the multidimensional evaluation tool applied to home care for the elderly participants and their caregivers. Results. Most elderly participants were women (71.3%), with an average age of 82.1 years and 52.6% reported sadness or discouragement. Systemic arterial hypertension was the most frequent morbidity (68.8%). Most caregivers were women (85.7%), daughters of the elderly person (53.2%), mean age 57.8 years and 38.7% reported feeling the burden. The presence of depressive symptoms in the elderly was associated with Parkinson's disease (p=0.016) and to have a male caregiver (p=0.006). Caregiver’s burden was associated with daily life activities such as bathing (p=0.021). Conclusion. There was evidence of differences in caregiver’s gender in the presence of depressive symptoms and differences in the assistance in daily life activities for the caregiver's burden.

Resumo Objetivo. Caracterizar os idosos e seus cuidadores e verificar a associação de sintomas depressivos do idoso e de sobrecarga do cuidador com as variáveis de interesse. Métodos. Estudo transversal com 80 idosos e 78 cuidadores em unidade de atenção primária do Sul do Brasil. Coleta retrospectiva realizada em banco de dados estruturado a partir do instrumento de avaliação multidimensional aplicado na atenção domiciliar aos idosos e seus cuidadores. Resultados. A maioria dos idosos eram mulheres (71.3%), com média de idade de 82.1 anos e 52.6% relatavam tristeza ou desânimo. Hipertensão arterial sistêmica foi a morbidade mais frequente (68.8%). Quanto aos cuidadores, a maioria eram mulheres (85.7%), filhas dos idosos (53.2%), com média de idade de 57.8 anos e 38.7% relataram sentir-se sobrecarregados. A presença de sintomas depressivos no idoso foi associada a Doença de Parkinson (p=0.016) e a ter cuidador do sexo masculino (p=0.006). A sobrecarga do cuidador foi associada com o auxílio a atividades de vida diária como banho (p=0.021). Conclusão . Evidenciou-se diferenças quanto ao sexo do cuidador na presença de sintomas depressivos e diferenças no auxílio nas atividades de vida diária do idoso para a sobrecarga do cuidador.

Abstract The objective of this study was to describe an interviewer training and calibration method to evaluate oral health literacy using the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) in epidemiological studies. An experienced researcher (gold standard) conducted all training sessions. The interviewer training and calibration sessions included three different phases: theoretical training, practical training, and calibration. In the calibration phase, six interviewers (dentists) independently assessed 15 videos of individuals who had different levels of oral health literacy. Accuracy and reproducibility were evaluated using the kappa coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The percentage of agreement for each word in the instrument was also calculated. After training, the kappa values were higher than 0.911 and 0.893 for intra- and inter-rater agreement, respectively. When the results were analyzed separately for the different levels of literacy, the lowest agreement rate was found when evaluating the videos of individuals with low literacy (K = 0.871), but still within the range considered to be near-perfect agreement. The ICC values were higher than 0.990 and 0.975 for intra- and inter-rater agreement, respectively. The lowest percentage of agreement was 86.6% for the word “hipoplasia” (hypoplasia). This interviewer training and calibration method proved to be feasible and effective. Therefore, it can be used as a methodological tool in studies assessing oral health literacy using the BREALD-30.

La displasia cleidocraneal (CCD) es un trastorno óseo, autosómico dominante, causado por un defecto en el gen CBFA1 y se caracteriza por anomalías esqueléticas, craneofaciales y bucodentales. En este trabajo se describen los principales aspectos de un caso de CCD, desde el diagnóstico y la planificación para la primera etapa de las intervenciones. Un paciente varón de 11 años de edad, concurrió a la Clínica de Odontología Pediátrica de la Universidad Federal de Paraná (Brasil) con un problema de retención prolongada de casi todos sus dientes de leche. Se describen los exámenes clínicos y de imagen dirigidos al diagnóstico de la CCD y el plan de tratamiento. La primera etapa consistió en la extracción de cuatro dientes primarios, dos dientes permanentes y dos dientes supernumerarios del maxilar, seguido de separación del paladar, tracción de los dientes afectados y tracción inversa del maxilar. El paciente permanece en tratamiento. El seguimiento clínico, así como la concientización y motivación de la familia son factores importantes en este tipo de casos.

Cleidocranial Dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal dominant bone disorder caused by a defect in the CBFA1 gene and characterized by skeletal, craniofacial and orodental anomalies. This paper describes the main aspects of a case of CCD from diagnosis and planning to the first step of the interventions. An 11-year-old male patient sought the pediatric dentistry clinic of the Federal University of Paraná (Brazil) with the complaint of the prolonged retention of nearly all his primary teeth. Clinical and imaging exams led to the diagnosis of CCD and the treatment plan was outlined. The first step consisted of the extraction of 4 primary, 2 permanent and 2 supernumerary teeth from the maxilla, followed by palate separation, traction of the impacted teeth and reverse traction of the maxilla. The patient remains in treatment. Clinical follow up as well as the awareness and motivation of the family are important factors in such cases.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre cárie dentária não tratada (CDNT) e insegurança alimentar (IA) em escolares de diferentes estratos de renda. Foi realizado um estudo de base populacional com uma amostra de 584 escolares de 12 anos de idade. Exames clínicos bucais foram realizados e IA foi determinada por meio de uma escala validada. Outras variáveis foram analisadas por serem de interesse para a estratificação dos resultados (renda domiciliar per capita) ou como variáveis de confusão. A prevalência de CDNT e IA foi de 45% e 39%, respectivamente. Os modelos multivariados demonstraram que a CDNT foi significativamente mais prevalente entre as crianças com IA alimentar e renda per capita de até US$ 70,71 do que entre aqueles no mesmo estrato de renda que estavam livres de IA [RP = 1,52 (IC 95% = 1,01 -2,29)]. A IA foi associada com uma maior frequência de CDNT em escolares de baixa renda, porém não teve impacto significativo sobre esta variável entre crianças de diferentes estratos de renda. Diante disso, garantir o acesso a uma alimentação de qualidade pode representar uma boa estratégia para minimizar as iniquidades em saúde bucal e reduzir a experiência de cárie dentária em escolares de baixa renda.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the association between untreated dental caries (UDC) and household food insecurity (HFI) among schoolchildren in different income strata. A population-based study was carried out with a sample of 584 12-y-old schoolchildren. Oral examinations were performed and HFI was determined using a validated scale. Other independent variables were analyzed for being of interest to the stratification of the results (per capita household income) or for acting as potential confounding variables. The prevalence of UDC and HFI was 45% and 39%, respectively. The multivariate models demonstrated that the UDC was significantly more prevalent among children in food-insecure households with per capita income of up to US$ 70.71 than among those in the same income stratum that were free of HFI [PR = 1.52 (95%CI = 1.01-2.29)]. HFI was associated with a greater frequency of UDC among low-income schoolchildren, but had no significant impact on this variable among children from other income strata. Thus, ensuring access to quality food may be a good strategy for minimizing inequities in oral health and reducing dental caries experience among schoolchildren from low-income families.