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ABSTRACT Applications of tebuthiuron can increase the risks of environmental contamination and hinder the cultivation of sensitive species in succession. The objective of this work was to assess the residual activity and sorption of the herbicide tebuthiuron in soils with different physical and chemical attributes. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replicates. The experiment for determining residual activity was conducted in a 2 × 7 factorial arrangement consisted of two herbicide doses (0.6 and 1.2 kg a.i. [active ingredient] ha-1) and seven sowing times (0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 days after herbicide application) in sandy loam and sandy clay loam soils. The experiment for evaluating sorption was conducted in a sandy loam soil and two clay loam soils with applications of increasing tebuthiuron doses (0.025, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, and 0.80 kg a.i. ha-1). Regarding residual activity, the herbicide’s effect of the decreased over time, with no toxicity detected 360 days after application (DAA), regardless of the soils and doses used. Sandy loam soils had lower sorption, resulting in lower shoot dry weight and plant height and in higher phytotoxicity 21 days after emergence. Residual activity was detected 360 DAA in the studied soils. Tebuthiuron sorption was higher in soils with higher organic carbon and clay contents.

RESUMO A aplicação de tebuthiuron pode aumentar os riscos de contaminação ambiental e impossibilitar o cultivo sucessivo de espécies sensíveis. Neste sentido objetivou-se a atividade residual e sorção do herbicida tebuthiuron em solos com diferentes atributos físico-químicos. Os experimentos foram realizados em Iturama, MG, Brasil, em 2021, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. O experimento para determinação da atividade residual foi montado em fatorial 2 × 7, com os seguintes fatores: duas doses (0,6 e 1,2 kg i.a. [ingrediente ativo] ha-1) e 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 e 360 dias após a aplicação em solos franco-arenosos e franco-argilosos arenosos. No experimento de avaliação da sorção foram utilizados dois solos franco-arenosos e dois franco-argilosos, que receberam doses crescentes de tebuthiuron (0.025, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70 and 0.80 kg a.i. ha-1). Por meio da matéria seca foi possível obter a relação de sorção. Com o passar do tempo, no estudo de atividade residual, foi observada diminuição do efeito do herbicida, não sendo detectada isenção de intoxicação após 360 dias da aplicação tanto nos solos quanto nas doses. Solos franco-arenosos apresentaram menor sorção, obtendo menor massa seca da parte aérea, altura e maior fitotoxicidade, aos 21 dias após a emergência. A atividade residual ainda foi detectada após 360 dias da aplicação nos solos estudados. A sorção de tebuthiuron foi maior em solos com maior teor de carbono orgânico e argila do solo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n2e275280

Short-term qualitative and quantitative analyses of preseptal injection of hyaluronic acid on the treatment of acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion
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Veloso, Laryssa K.

; Ferreira, Gabriel

; Marques, Jessica P.

; Meneghim, Roberta L.F.S.

; Galindo, Alicia F.

; Padovani, Carlos R.

; Schellini, Silvana A.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2024, Volume 87 N. 5 elocation e2022-0245

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Purpose: Recently, hyaluronic acid (HA) was proposed as a promising option for the treatment of acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion. However, this effect was not confirmed by quantitative assessments. This study aimed to assess the effect of hyaluronic acid on the treatment of acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion. Methods: Eight patients with acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion (13 eyelids) were treated with a single 1 mL injection of hyaluronic acid in the preseptal area of the lower eyelid. Evaluation of symptoms and biomicroscopic exam was performed before and 30 days after hyaluronic acid injection. Quantitative analysis of the lower eyelid position (with and without lid traction) was determined before and 30 days after hyaluronic acid injection through standard photographs analyzed using the ImageJ. Results: All patients experienced partial improvement of symptoms. The lower eyelid position was significantly lifted after hyaluronic acid injection with a significant reduction of medial and lateral angles, reduction of the margin reflex distance, and total and medial ocular fissure area. However, signs of lid margin inflammation and corneal punctate keratitis persisted. Conclusions: Hyaluronic acid injected in the pre-septal area of the lower eyelid improved acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion symptoms and significantly lifted the position of the lower eyelid. Further studies, with a large number of participants and a long-term follow-up period, are needed to better determine the permanency of the effects of hyaluronic acid injections on the treatment of acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion.

RESUMO Objetivo: Recentemente, o ácido hialurônico foi proposto como promissor no tratamento do ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior. No entanto, não foram feitas avaliações quantitativas para confirmar este efeito, motivo que levou a realização do presente estudo que visou avaliar o efeito do ácido hialurônico no tratamento do ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior. Métodos: Oito portadores de ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior (13 pálpebras) foram tratados com uma única dose de 1 mL de ácido hialurônico, injetada na área pré-septal da pálpebra inferior. Os sintomas e o exame biomicroscópico foram realizados antes e 30 dias após a injeção do ácido hialurônico. A análise quantitativa da posição palpebral inferior (com e sem tração palpebral) foi determinada antes e 30 dias após a injeção do ácido hialurônico por meio de fotografias que foram analisadas usando o programa ImageJ. Resultados: Todos os pacientes apresentaram melhora parcial dos sintomas. A posição da pálpebra inferior foi elevada significativamente após a injeção do ácido hialurônico, com redução significativa dos ângulos medial e lateral, da distância entre o reflexo pupilar e a margem da pálpebra inferior, da área de fissura palpebral total e da área medial. No entanto, sinais de inflamação da margem palpebral e ceratite puntata da córnea persistiram. Conclusões: O ácido hialurônico injetado na área pré-septal da pálpebra inferior, melhorou os sintomas do ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior e elevou significativamente a posição da pálpebra inferior. Estudos com maior número de participantes e período de acompanhamento mais longo são necessários para melhor determinar os efeitos das injeções de ácido hialurônico a longo prazo no tratamento do ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2022-0245

Culturable bacteria associated with the mucus of the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from Northeast of Brazil
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Ferreira Campos, Felipe

; Chimetto Tonon, Luciane A.

; Chiaradia Davolos, Camila

; Lemos, Manoel Victor

; Luna-Finkler, Christine Lamenha

; Garcia, José Eduardo

; Pérez, Carlos Daniel

Revista de biología marina y oceanografía

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apr 2023, Volume 58 N. 1 Pages 61 - 66

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Abstract The zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum secretes a large quantity of mucus that acts as a substrate for microbial communities. Culturable bacteria associated with P. caribaeorum mucus in northeastern Brazil were evaluated through 16S rRNA gene sequences. Proteobacteria was the dominant group, followed by Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Vibrio was the most common genus, although other groups with the ability to produce biosurfactants and compounds with antimicrobial activity were also present. The studies of culturable marine bacteria may contribute to the understanding of the associated microbial community, opening new opportunities to explore biotechnological potential of microbiota.

https://doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2023.58.1.4177

Salinity-tolerant dwarf cashew rootstock has better ionic homeostasis and morphophysiological performance of seedlings
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Sousa, Valéria F. de O.

; Santos, Gisele L. dos

; Maia, Josemir M.

; Maia Júnior, Sebastião de O.

; Santos, João P. de O.

; Costa, José E.

; Silva, Anselmo F. da

; Dias, Thiago J.

; Ferreira-Silva, Sérgio L.

; Taniguchi, Carlos A. K.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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feb 2023, Volume 27 N. 2 Pages 92 - 100

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Considerando a relevância do cajueiro e a limitação imposta pelo estresse salino em regiões semiáridas, o uso de alternativas capazes de mitigar os efeitos deletérios em decorrência da salinidade são de grande importância ao setor produtivo. O uso de plantas enxertadas, principalmente com porta-enxertos de materiais tolerantes, influencia no acúmulo de íons tóxicos nas folhas das mudas enxertadas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características morfofisiológicas e concentração foliar de Na+, K+, Ca+2 de combinações de copa e porta-enxerto de cajueiro anão precoce, contrastantes à salinidade. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, tendo os tratamentos dispostos em arranjo fatorial de 4 × 3, correspondentes a quatro combinações de mudas enxertadas (auto-enxerto CCP 09/CCP 09, CCP 09/CCP 76, auto-enxerto CCP 76/CCP 76 e CCP 76/CCP 09) e a três concentrações de NaCl (0-controle, 50 e 100 mM L-1). Foram avaliados altura, número de folhas, área foliar, massa seca, índice de tolerância e concentração foliar de Na+, K+ e Ca+2 após 30 dias da aplicação das concentrações de NaCl. A combinação copa/porta-enxerto CCP 76/09 apresentou tolerância à salinidade de 50 mM L-1, devido ao aumento da área foliar e número de folhas. A combinação copa/porta-enxerto CCP 76/09 foi mais adequada, pois manteve a concentração foliar de K+ e o menor concentração de Na+.

ABSTRACT Considering the cashew tree’s relevance and the limitations imposed by salinity stress in semi-arid regions, the use of alternatives capable of mitigating the harmful effects due to salinity is of great importance to the production sector. The use of grafted plants, especially with rootstock made of tolerant materials, influences the accumulation of toxic ions in leaves of grafted seedlings. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate morphophysiological characteristics and leaf concentrations of Na+, K+ and Ca+2 of combinations of scion and rootstock of early dwarf cashew, contrasting in terms of salinity tolerance. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five replicates, in a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement, corresponding to four dwarf cashew scion/rootstock combinations (self-graft CCP 09, CCP 09/CCP 76, self-graft CCP 76, and CCP 76/CCP 09) and three NaCl concentrations (0, 50, and 100 mM L-1). Height, number of leaves, leaf area, dry matter, tolerance index and leaf concentrations of Na+, K+ and Ca+2 were evaluated after 30 days of application of NaCl concentrations. The scion/rootstock combination CCP 76/09 showed tolerance to 50 mM L-1, due to the increase of leaf area and number of leaves. The scion/rootstock combination CCP 76/09 was more suitable, as it kept the leaf K+ concentration and had the lowest Na+ concentration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p92-100

Short-term qualitative and quantitative analyses of preseptal injection of hyaluronic acid on the treatment of acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion
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Veloso, Laryssa K.

; Ferreira, Gabriel

; Marques, Jessica P.

; Meneghim, Roberta L.F.S.

; Galindo, Alicia F.

; Padovani, Carlos R.

; Schellini, Silvana A.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2023, N. ahead

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2022-0245

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Genetic diversity of the species Cnesterodon hypselurus (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) in Cinzas River basin: new record and headwater capture evidences
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Ferreira, Dhiego G.

; Galindo, Bruno A.

; Souza, Tais C. de

; Pereira, Leonardo B.

; Bernardes, Victor A. P.

; Marques, Ana J. C.

; Frantine-Silva, Wilson

; Kotelok-Diniz, Thais

; Aggio, Carlos E. G.

; Apolinário-Silva, Caroline

; Zanatta, Augusto S.

; Sofia, Silvia H.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2023, Volume 21 N. 1 elocation e230007

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Cnesterodon hypselurus is a small fish that has a restricted distribution in southern Brazil, including headwaters of the Tibagi and Itararé river basins (Upper Paraná River). This study reported C. hypselurus in a headwater of Cinzas River basin, where there were no previous records of this species, and employed microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes in a population genetic analysis. A total of 57 specimens was analyzed, including 30 from Cinzas River basin, 25 from Itararé River basin and two from Tibagi River basin. Results indicated low genetic diversity levels (HE = 0.334 and h = 0.246) for the sample from Cinzas River, suggesting reflections of a founder effect after the species had dispersed from one watershed to another, possibly by headwater captures. Since different populations were detected between the Cinzas and Itararé rivers (DEST = 0.248, P-value < 0.05) and other occurrence sites are still unknown in the Cinzas River basin, the data herein have great relevance and should be taken into account in future management and conservation actions, as well as in evolutionary studies of C. hypselurus.

Resumo Cnesterodon hypselurus é um pequeno peixe que possui distribuição restrita no sul do Brasil, incluindo cabeceiras das bacias dos rios Tibagi e Itararé (alto rio Paraná). Este estudo reportou C. hypselurus na cabeceira da bacia do rio das Cinzas, onde não havia registros prévios desta espécie, e empregou locos microssatélites e haplótipos mitocondriais em uma análise genética de populações. Um total de 57 espécimes foi analisado, incluindo 30 do rio das Cinzas, 25 da bacia do rio Itararé e dois da bacia do rio Tibagi. Os resultados indicaram baixos níveis de diversidade genética (HE = 0,334 e h = 0,246) para a amostra do rio das Cinzas, sugerindo reflexos de um efeito fundador após a espécie ter dispersado de uma bacia para a outra, possivelmente a partir de captura de cabeceiras. Uma vez que diferentes populações foram detectadas entre os rios das Cinzas e Itararé (DEST = 0,248, valor de P < 0,05) e que outros pontos de ocorrência ainda são desconhecidos na bacia do rio das Cinzas, os dados do presente estudo mostram grande relevância e deveriam ser considerados em futuras ações de manejo e conservação, bem como em estudos evolutivos de C. hypselurus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0007

Factors associated with complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: an analysis of 1,066 cases
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Said, Danniel Frade

; Ferreira, Daniel Beltrame

; Hayek, Kayann Kaled Reda El

; Perrella, Rodrigo

; Mota, Priscila Kuriki Vieira

; Cohen, David Jacques

; Batagello, Carlos Alfredo

; Murta, Claudio Bovolenta

; Claro, Joaquim Francisco de A.

; Vicentini, Fabio Carvalho

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 69 N. 5 elocation e20221089

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors for complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy from June 2011 to October 2018. The association of preoperative and intraoperative factors with the presence of complications was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. The significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: A total of 1,066 surgeries were evaluated, and the overall complication rate was 14.9%. In all, 105 (9.8%) surgeries were performed in the prone position, and 961 (90.2%) were performed in the supine position. Univariate analysis demonstrated that surgical position, upper pole puncture, surgical time, number of tracts, and Guys Stone Score were associated with complications. In multivariate analyses, prone position (odds ratio [OR] 2.10; p=0.003), surgical time ≥90 min (OR 1.76; p=0.014), upper pole puncture (OR 2.48; p<0.001), and Guys Stone Score 3 or 4 (OR 1.90; p=0.033) were independent predictive factors for complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. CONCLUSION: Performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position, in under 90 min, and avoiding upper pole punctures may reduce complications during the treatment of large kidney stones.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20221089

Avaliação Prognóstica da Reserva de Fluxo Fracionada em Diferentes Estratos nos Pacientes com Doença Arterial Coronariana
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Pellegrini, Denise

; Caramori, Paulo R. A.

; Soccol, Ricardo Czarnobai

; Lasevitch, Ricardo

; Agostini, Gustavo Luís

; Dussin, Alice

; Ferreira, Flavio Vinicius Costa

; Wagner, Mario Bernardes

; Bodanese, Luiz Carlos

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2023, Volume 120 N. 6 elocation e20211051

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background There are limited real-world data on the clinical course of untreated coronary lesions according to their functional severity. Objective To evaluate the 5-year clinical outcomes of patients with revascularized lesions with fractional flow reserve (FFR) ≤ 0.8 and patients with non-revascularized lesions with FFR > 0.8. Methods The FFR assessment was performed in 218 patients followed for up to 5 years. Participants were classified based on FFR into ischemia group (≤ 0.8, intervention group, n = 55), low-normal FFR group (> 0.8-0.9, n = 91), and high-normal FFR group (> 0.9, n = 72). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), a composite of death, myocardial infarction, and need for repeat revascularization. The significance level was set at 0.05; therefore, results with a p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Most patients were male (62.8%) with a mean age of 64.1 years. Diabetes was present in 27%. On coronary angiography, the severity of stenosis was 62% in the ischemia group, 56.4% in the low-normal FFR group, and 54.3% in the high-normal FFR group (p<0.05). Mean follow-up was 3.5 years. The incidence of MACEs was 25.5%, 13.2%, and 11.1%, respectively (p=0.037). MACE incidence did not differ significantly between the low-normal and high-normal FFR groups. Conclusion Patients with FFR indicative of ischemia had poorer outcomes than those in non-ischemia groups. There was no difference in the incidence of events between the low-normal and high-normal FFR groups. Long-term studies with a large sample size are needed to better assess cardiovascular outcomes in patients with moderate coronary stenosis with FFR values between 0.8 and 1.0.

Resumo Fundamento Existem dados limitados sobre a evolução clínica de lesões coronarianas não tratadas de acordo com sua gravidade funcional no mundo real. Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os resultados clínicos de até 5 anos em pacientes com lesões revascularizadas com reserva de fluxo fracionada (FFR) ≤ 0,8 e em pacientes com lesões não revascularizadas com FFR > 0,8. Métodos A avaliação pelo FFR foi realizada em 218 pacientes seguidos por até 5 anos. Os participantes foram classificados com base na FFR no grupo isquêmico (≤ 0,8, grupo intervenção, n = 55), no grupo FFR normal-baixa (> 0,8-0,9, n = 91) e no grupo FFR normal-alta (> 0,9, n = 72). O desfecho primário foram eventos cardíacos adversos maiores (ECAMs), um composto de morte, infarto do miocárdio e necessidade de nova revascularização. O nível de significância adotado neste estudo foi alfa = 0,05; deste modo, resultados com valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Resultados A maioria dos participantes era do sexo masculino (62,8%) com média de idade de 64,1 anos. Diabetes estava presente em 27%. À angiografia coronariana, a gravidade da estenose avaliada foi de 62%, 56,4% e 54,3% nos grupos isquêmico, FFR normal-baixa e FFR normal-alta, respectivamente (p < 0,05). O período médio de acompanhamento foi de 3,5 anos. A incidência ECAM foi de 25,5%, 13,2% e 11,1%, respectivamente (p = 0,037). Não houve diferença na incidência de ECAM entre os grupos FFR normal-baixa e FFR normal-alta (p = NS). Conclusão Pacientes com FFR indicativa de isquemia apresentaram piores desfechos quando comparados aos dos grupos não isquêmicos. Entre os grupos que apresentaram valores de FFR considerados normal-baixo e normal-alto, não houve diferença na incidência de eventos. Há necessidade de estudos de longo prazo e com grande número de pacientes para melhor avaliar os desfechos cardiovasculares em pacientes portadores de estenose coronariana moderada com valores de FFR entre 0,8 e 1,0.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20211051

10.

Diel feeding activity of Abudefduf saxatilis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) on southwestern Atlantic reefs
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Nunes, Lucas T.

; Leão, Caroline C.

; Floyd, Alexander A.

; Sazima, Ivan

; Ferreira, Carlos E. L.

; Floeter, Sergio R.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2023, Volume 21 N. 3 elocation e220119

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Feeding ecology studies are crucial for understanding energy flow in reef ecosystems. In this study, we used an integrative approach to investigate the diel-feeding ecology of the sergeant-major Abudefduf saxatilis. To examine the possibility of diel-periodicity and size-class differences in foraging behaviour, we tracked fish individuals until their first bite on two subtropical reefs. During each observation, we recorded the substratum that was bitten and estimated the individual’s total length. To assess the diet, we analysed the stomach contents of five individuals from each location. In total, we observed 2,703 individuals biting seven substrates. Our results showed no significant differences in substrate use for diel-periodicity. However, we found significant differences between two size classes. Despite this, both populations tended to forage near the surface in the water column in the morning and on the benthos in the afternoon, although this tendency was not statistically significant. Smaller individuals fed mostly in the water column, while larger individuals foraged on all substrates, likely due to their different energetic demands. Our findings indicate this species has an omnivorous, generalist diet, comprising 12 items from both benthos and plankton. The lack of differences in diel-periodicity is likely due to the sergeant-major’s opportunistic behaviour.

Resumo Estudos de ecologia alimentar são cruciais para entender o fluxo de energia em ecossistemas recifais. Neste estudo, usamos uma abordagem integrativa para investigar a ecologia alimentar do sargentinho Abudefduf saxatilis. Para responder se há periodicidade ou diferenças relacionadas a classes de tamanho no substrato forrageado, acompanhamos indivíduos deste peixe até a primeira mordida, em dois recifes subtropicais. Durante cada observação, registramos o substrato mordido e estimamos o comprimento total do indivíduo. Para estudar a sua dieta, analisamos o conteúdo estomacal de cinco indivíduos em cada recife. No total, observamos 2.703 indivíduos mordendo em sete substratos diferentes. Nossos resultados não mostraram diferenças significativas no uso de substrato para a periodicidade diária. No entanto, encontramos diferenças significativas entre duas classes de tamanho. Apesar disso, ambas as populações tenderam a forragear próximo à superfície na coluna d’água pela manhã e no substrato bentônico à tarde, embora essa tendência não tenha sido estatisticamente significativa. Indivíduos menores forragearam principalmente na coluna d’água, enquanto os indivíduos maiores forragearam em todos os tipos de substratos, provavelmente devido às suas diferentes demandas energéticas. Nossos resultados corroboram que o sargentinho tem uma dieta onívora e generalista, composta por 12 itens de ambos os compartimentos, bentônico e planctônico. A falta de diferenças na periodicidade diária é provavelmente devido ao comportamento oportunista do sargentinho.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0119

11.

Severe bilateral visual loss as the first sign of IgA nephropathy
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Cunha, Leonardo Provetti

; Defina, Raphael Lucas Sampaio

; Preti, Rony Carlos

; Costa-Cunha, Luciana Virgínia Ferreira

; Zacharias, Leandro Cabral

; Hokazono, Kenzo

; Monteiro, Mário Luiz Ribeiro

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2023, Volume 86 N. 6 elocation e2021-0314

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT We describe a case of a 33-years-old woman who presents with severe acute bilateral visual loss secondary to massive exudative hypertensive maculopathy as the first sign of immunoglobulin A nephropathy. The patient’s ophthalmic examination showed bilateral cotton-wool spots, flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages, diffuse narrow arterioles, optic disk edema, and exudative maculopathy. Systemic workup demonstrated a systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 240 mmHg and 160 mmHg, respectively, proteinuria, and hematuria, suggesting kidney disease as the causative condition. A kidney biopsy confirmed immunoglobulin A nephropathy. She was treated with systemic corticosteroids, antihypertensive drugs, and a single bilateral intravitreal injection of aflibercept. There was a prompt resolution of macular edema and vision improvement. Our case draws attention to the fact that severe bilateral visual loss can be the first sign of severe hypertension. Secondary causes, such as immunoglobulin A nephropathy, should be ruled out.

RESUMO Nosso objetivo é descrever uma paciente de 33 anos de idade, com perda visual bilateral grave por maculopatia hipertensiva exsudativa como o primeiro sinal da nefropatia por imunoglobulina A. A fundoscopia revelou a presença de manchas algodonosas, hemorragias em chama-de-vela, estreitamento arteriolar difuso, edema de disco óptico e maculopatia exsudativa bilateral. A pressão arterial sistólica foi de 240mmHg e a diastólica de 160 mmHg associado a proteinúria e hematúria, sugerindo a presença de doença renal. A biópsia renal confirmou a nefropatia por imunoglobulina A. A paciente foi tratada como corticoide sistêmico, drogas anti-hipertensivas e uma única dose intravítrea de Aflibercept em ambos os olhos. Houve rápida melhora do edema macular e da acuidade visual. Nosso caso chama a atenção para o fato de que a perda visual bilateral grave pode ser a primeira apresentação de uma doença hipertensiva sistêmica. Causas secundárias como a nefropatia por imunoglobulina A devem ser afastadas.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2021-0314

12.

Amazonian forest termites: a species checklist from the State of Acre, Brazil
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Ferreira, Renan Rodrigues

; Lucena, Emanuelly Félix de

; Koroiva, Ricardo

; Azevedo, Renato Almeida de

; Haugaasen, Torbjørn

; Peres, Carlos A.

; Hawes, Joseph E.

; Vasconcellos, Alexandre

Biota Neotropica

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2023, Volume 23 N. 4 elocation e20231551

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The Brazilian state of Acre is located in the southwestern Amazon and it is characterized by a humid tropical forest vegetation that covers plains and mountains. Up to this point, the composition of termite species in the state is not known. The aim of this study was to provide a checklist of termite species or recognizable taxonomic units for the state of Acre. Sampling was conducted through field expeditions at the Serra do Divisor National Park, Chandless State Park, Humaitá Forest Reserve, and Chico Mendes Environmental Park using a standardized rapid termite inventory protocol in the first two areas and active searching collections in the others, without a specific protocol. This study also included occurrence records published in the scientific literature. A total of 128 species and morphospecies of termites were found in Acre, distributed across 59 genera and four families. The most frequently occurring species in Acre was Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen, 1858). The study also identified six new species records for Brazil. The predominant feeding groups were soil-feeders and wood-feeders, as expected from data obtained from surveys in humid tropical forests. Despite the significant number of new records for Acre (112), it is concluded that a larger sampling effort is still required, as many areas of the state have not yet been studied for termites.

Resumen O estado brasileiro do Acre está localizado no sudoeste da Amazônia e é caracterizado por uma vegetação de floresta tropical úmida que cobre planícies e montanhas. Até então, a composição de espécies de térmitas no estado não é conhecida. O objetivo desse estudo foi construir um checklist de espécies ou unidades taxonômicas reconhecíveis de térmitas para o estado do Acre. A amostragem foi conduzida através de expedições de campo no Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, no Parque Estadual Chandless, na Reserva Florestal Humaitá, e no Parque Ambiental Chico Mendes utilizando o protocolo rápido de diversidade de térmitas nas duas primeiras áreas e coletas avulsas nas demais, sem um protocolo específico. Este estudo também incluiu registros de ocorrência publicados na literature científica. Um total de 128 espécies e morfoespécies de térmitas foram encontradas no Acre, distribuídas em 59 gêneros e quatro famílias. A espécie de ocorrência mais frequente no Acre foi Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen, 1858). O estudo também identificou seis novos registros de espécies para o Brasil. Os grupos alimentares predominantes foram os humívoros e xilófagos, como esperado a partir de dados obtidos de pesquisas em florestas tropicais úmidas. Apesar do número significativo de novos registros para o Acre (112), conclui-se que ainda é necessário um esforço amostral maior, uma vez que muitas áreas do estado ainda não foram estudadas para térmitas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2023-1551

13.

Zoonotic Giardia duodenalis assemblage A in northern sloth from Brazilian Amazon
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dos Reis, Lisiane Lappe

; de Souza, Lirna Salvioni Silva

; Braga, Francisco Carlos de Oliveira

; Lima, Dayane Costa de Souza

; Lima, Natália Aparecida de Souza

; Padinha, Jessica da Silva

; Nava, Alessandra Ferreira Dales

; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e230088

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND The parasite Giardia duodenalis infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including domestic and wild animals as well as humans. Giardia is genotyped into eight assemblages (A-H). Zoonotic assemblages A and B have already been identified in humans and wild and domestic animals (non-human primates and cats) from Brazilian Amazon and in the world. Due to its zoonotic/zooanthroponotic nature, surveillance initiatives and the definition of Giardia assemblages are important in order to characterise the epidemiological scenario and to implement further control measures. OBJECTIVES Determine assemblages of G. duodenalis in sloths from the Brazilian Amazon Region. METHODS Faecal parasitological examination of sloths from Amazonas State. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the beta giardin (BG), and genes from multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme, amplicon sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. FINDINGS Here, we identified, by microscopy, Giardia in two northern sloths (Bradypus tridactylus). These two samples were submitted to molecular assays and it was revealed that both were infected by G. duodenalis assemblage A. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they belong to assemblage A within sequences from humans and wild and domestic animals. CONCLUSION Therefore, besides showing, by the first time, the current presence of this parasite in sloths, our findings reveals that this wild animal species would be part of the zoonotic/zooanthroponotic scenario of this parasite in the Brazilian Amazon.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230088

14.

Potential distribution of Amaranthus palmeri under current and future climatic conditions in Brasil and the world
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Ferreira, Sabrina Rodrigues

; Silva, Alexandre Ferreira da

; Silveira, Omar Roberto da

; Santos, José Carlos Barbosa dos

; Batista, Adriene Caldeira

; Araújo, Fausto Henrique Vieira

; Santos, José Barbosa dos

; Silva, Ricardo Siqueira da

Advances in Weed Science

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2023, Volume 41 elocation e020230023

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Amaranthus palmeri is an economically important plant species worldwide. The rapid growth and competitive potential of crops make A. palmeri a major problem. Studies on the dissemination potential of this weed in Brazil and worldwide are necessary to identify the regions with high climatic potential. Similarly, we analyzed the behavior of the species in the face of predicted climate change. Studies of this type can be performed using ecological niche modeling. Objective This work aimed to determine areas with climatic suitability for A. palmeri in the present and future climates in Brazil and globally. Methods We projected the potential distribution of A. palmeri based on the environmental requirements and stress parameters that limit this species in Brazil. Results For the current climate, our model identified regions with favorable climatic suitability for A. palmeri on most continents. The results showed that the suitability of A. palmeri in the Brazilian territory will decrease owing to predicted climate change. The future model highlighted decreases in the suitable northern, northeastern, and midwestern areas. An annual study of the occurrence of A. palmeri using the weekly growth index predicted by the model showed great potential for the species throughout the year, with a decrease in the driest months (July to August), indicating the preference of the species for moist soils. Tropical and subtropical zones are currently experiencing a reduction in suitable areas because of climate change in northeastern Brazil and western Australia. Temperate zone sites have potential areas of expansion for A. palmeri (northern USA, Russia, and China) under climate change. Conclusions Based on the results of this study, management strategies should be planned to contain the global spread of A. palmeri.

https://doi.org/10.51694/advweedsci/2023;41:00017

15.

Genetic diversity and Kdr mutations of natural Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations of Brazil
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Ferreira, Monique Ane da Luz

; Aguirre-Obando, Oscar Alexander

; Twerdochlib, Adriana Lacerda

; Palacio-Cortés, Angela Maria

; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 N. 3 elocation e20230047

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is an important vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika virus. It is well known that resistance monitoring and genetic diversity data help designing the vector control programs. This study aimed to evaluate resistance to pyrethroids (PYs) through the frequency of kdr mutations Val1016IIe and F1534C, and the genetic variation of the mitochondrial gene ND4 in six natural populations of A. aegypti from Paraná - Brazil. Adults were obtained from eggs collected from Alvorada do Sul, Marilena, Maringá, Nova Londrina, Paranavaí and São Carlos do Ivaí. From these adults, 345 were used to identify the 1016 and 1534 sites, and 120 were used to perform the ND4 gene analysis. The studied populations from Paraná showed PYs resistance, low gene flow and genetic diversity. Additionally, a relationship was observed among the haplotypes of populations from the Amazon and Southeastern Brazil, Peru, Mexico, and North America.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0047

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