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au:Fernandes, S.M.

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Predation by an omnivorous fish and food availability alter zooplankton functional diversity: a microcosm approach
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AMARAL, DIOGO C.

; DUNCK, BÁRBARA

; BRAGHIN, LOUIZI S.M.

; FERNANDES, UBIRAJARA L.

; BOMFIM, FRANCIELI F.

; BONECKER, CLÁUDIA C.

; LANSAC-TÔHA, FÁBIO A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20200778

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Studies considering the functional traits of organisms, populations, and communities functional indices increase the understanding of many factors on ecosystem functioning. Here, we analyze the predation effect (by fish) on zooplankton functional diversity and the effects of biomass and density of periphytic algae on zooplankton feeding type trait and body size. We expect that intense predation by fish on zooplankton leads to higher values of zooplankton functional diversity and that food resource will be positively related to the abundance of zooplankton trait and body size. For that, microcosms were established (T1- fish-absence, and T2- fish-presence, both with periphytic algae as food). We observed that fish presence decreased zooplankton functional diversity through modifications in the availability of nutrients and algae, through the middle-out effect. We also observed that body size had a negative relationship with the food resource, reaffirming that high food availability in subtropical lakes is linked to small-bodied zooplankton. The raptorial copepods covariate positively with the periphytic algae, which was an alternative food resource and, in this case, the main form of carbon input into the system. In this study, omnivorous fish reduced zooplankton functional traits, which can alter the energy stock and energy flow in aquatic ecosystems.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200778 120 downloads

Renoprotective effect of N-acetylcysteine depends upon the severity of the ischemia reperfusion injury
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Watanabe, M.

; Borges, F.T.

; Pessoa, E.A.

; Fonseca, C.D.

; Fernandes, S.M.

; Drew, R.C.

; Volpini, R.A.

; Vattimo, M.F.F.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2021, Volume 54 N. 11 elocation e9941

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in seriously ill patients, while renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is the most frequent event in this oxidative renal injury. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a small molecule containing a thiol group that has antioxidant properties, promoting detoxification and acting directly as a free radical scavenger. In this study, the protective effect of NAC was investigated in short-term (30 min) and long-term (45 min) ischemic AKI. This was achieved via clamping of the renal artery for 30 or 45 min in Wistar rats to induce I/R injury. AKI worsened with a longer period of ischemia (45 compared to 30 min) due to probable irreversible damage. Preconditioning with NAC in short-term ischemia improved renal blood flow and increased creatinine clearance by reducing oxidative metabolites and increasing antioxidant capacity. Otherwise, NAC did not change these parameters in the long-term ischemia. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the period of ischemia determines the severity of the AKI, and NAC presented antioxidant effects in short-term ischemia but not in long-term ischemia, confirming that there is a possible therapeutic window for its renoprotective effect.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2021e9941 104 downloads

Polirradiculoneuropatia periférica desmielinizante associada ao uso de carbamazepina em cão: relato de caso
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Caramalac, S.M.

; Caramalac, S.M.

; Fernandes, T.D.

; Palumbo, M.I.P.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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dec 2018, Volume 70 N. 6 Pages 1754 - 1758

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Diversos fármacos são utilizados no tratamento da epilepsia e, assim como outros medicamentos, podem induzir a ocorrência de efeitos adversos, alguns tão graves que geram a necessidade de descontinuidade e substituição da terapia. A carbamazepina pode levar a alterações nos sistemas cardiovascular, respiratório e neurológico, sendo descritos na literatura casos de indução de miastenia gravis como distúrbio neuromuscular. Este estudo relata o caso de um cão que desenvolveu polirradiculoneuropatia desmielinizante, tendo como provável desencadeante a terapia com carbamazepina. O paciente apresentou tetraplegia, ausência de reflexos espinhais nos quatro membros, fraqueza cervical, diminuição do reflexo palpebral bilateral e esforço respiratório. A eletroneuromiografia demonstrou sinais de desmielinização. Este, portanto, é o primeiro relato de associação entre carbamazepina e polirradiculoneuropatia desmielinizante em cão.

ABSTRACT Different drugs are used in the treatment of epilepsy and, like other drugs, may induce the occurrence of adverse effects, some of them so severe that the drug must be discontinued and replaced. Carbamazepine may lead to changes in the cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological systems, and cases of induction of myasthenia gravis as a neuromuscular disorder have been described in the literature. This paper reports the case of a dog that developed demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, probably triggered by carbamazepine. The patient presented tetraplegia, absence of spinal reflexes in the four limbs, cervical weakness, decreased bilateral eyelid reflex and respiratory effort. Electroneuromyography showed signs of demyelination. This, therefore, is the first report of association between carbamazepine and demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in dogs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10398 1839 downloads

Brazilian Guidelines for Hereditary Angioedema Management - 2017 Update Part 1: Definition, Classification and Diagnosis
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Giavina-Bianchi, Pedro

; Arruda, Luisa Karla

; Aun, Marcelo V.

; Campos, Regis A.

; Chong-Neto, Herberto J.

; Constantino-Silva, Rosemeire N.

; Fernandes, Fátima R.

; Ferraro, Maria F.

; Ferriani, Mariana P.L.

; França, Alfeu T.

; Fusaro, Gustavo

; Garcia, Juliana F.B.

; Komninakis, Shirley

; Maia, Luana S.M.

; Mansour, Eli

; Moreno, Adriana S.

; Motta, Antonio A.

; Pesquero, João B.

; Portilho, Nathalia

; Rosário, Nelson A.

; Serpa, Faradiba S.

; Solé, Dirceu

; Takejima, Priscila

; Toledo, Eliana

; Valle, Solange O.R.

; Veronez, Camila L.

; Grumach, Anete S.

Clinics

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2018, Volume 73 elocation e310

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent angioedema attacks with the involvement of multiple organs. The disease is unknown to many health professionals and is therefore underdiagnosed. Patients who are not adequately diagnosed and treated have an estimated mortality rate ranging from 25% to 40% due to asphyxiation by laryngeal angioedema. Intestinal angioedema is another important and incapacitating presentation that may be the main or only manifestation during an attack. In this article, a group of experts from the “Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia (ASBAI)” and the “Grupo de Estudos Brasileiro em Angioedema Hereditário (GEBRAEH)” has updated the Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e310 1717 downloads

Endothelin-1 receptor antagonists protect the kidney against the nephrotoxicity induced by cyclosporine-A in normotensive and hypertensive rats
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Caires, A.

; Fernandes, G.S.

; Leme, A.M.

; Castino, B.

; Pessoa, E.A.

; Fernandes, S.M.

; Fonseca, C.D.

; Vattimo, M.F.

; Schor, N.

; Borges, F.T.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2018, Volume 51 N. 2 elocation e6373

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Cyclosporin-A (CsA) is an immunosuppressant associated with acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Nephrotoxicity associated with CsA involves the increase in afferent and efferent arteriole resistance, decreased renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor blockade with bosentan (BOS) and macitentan (MAC) antagonists on altered renal function induced by CsA in normotensive and hypertensive animals. Wistar and genetically hypertensive rats (SHR) were separated into control group, CsA group that received intraperitoneal injections of CsA (40 mg/kg) for 15 days, CsA+BOS and CsA+MAC that received CsA and BOS (5 mg/kg) or MAC (25 mg/kg) by gavage for 15 days. Plasma creatinine and urea, mean arterial pressure (MAP), RBF and renal vascular resistance (RVR), and immunohistochemistry for ET-1 in the kidney cortex were measured. CsA decreased renal function, as shown by increased creatinine and urea. There was a decrease in RBF and an increase in MAP and RVR in normotensive and hypertensive animals. These effects were partially reversed by ET-1 antagonists, especially in SHR where increased ET-1 production was observed in the kidney. Most MAC effects were similar to BOS, but BOS seemed to be better at reversing cyclosporine-induced changes in renal function in hypertensive animals. The results of this work suggested the direct participation of ET-1 in renal hemodynamics changes induced by cyclosporin in normotensive and hypertensive rats. The antagonists of ET-1 MAC and BOS reversed part of these effects.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20176373 1226 downloads

Avaliação das atividades cicatrizante, anti-inflamatória tópica e antioxidante do extrato etanólico da Sideroxylon obtusifolium (quixabeira)
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LEITE, N.S.

; LIMA, A.P.

; ARAÚJO-NETO, V.

; ESTEVAM, C.S.

; PANTALEÃO, S.M.

; CAMARGO, E.A.

; FERNANDES, R.P.M.

; COSTA, S.K.P.

; MUSCARÁ, M.N.

; THOMAZZI, S.M.

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais

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mar 2015, Volume 17 N. 1 Pages 164 - 170

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A planta Sideroxylon obtusifolium, conhecida popularmente como "quixabeira", é utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de processos inflamatórios e dolorosos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a possível ação cicatrizante, bem como anti-inflamatória tópica, do extrato etanólico (EE) da entrecasca da S. obtusifolium no modelo de ferida e cicatrização cutânea. Para isso, ratos Wistar foram anestesiados, submetidos à incisão dorsal, e discos de esponja de álcool polivinílico foram inseridos subcutâneamente. Quarenta e oito horas após os animais foram eutanasiados avaliando-se medidas de tensão de ruptura nas cicatrizes da pele dorsal, a atividade de mieloperoxidase (MPO), e a contagem de células nos exsudatos das esponjas. A atividade sequestradora do radical 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) foi determinada para avaliar a capacidade antioxidante do EE. Observamos que a administração tópica, 2 vezes ao dia, do EE da S. obtusifolium (3-30 mg 0,4 mL-1 de creme Lanette(r)) não alterou a tensão de ruptura das cicatrizes. Entretanto, o EE da S. obtusifolium (30 mg 0,4 mL-1 de creme Lanette(r)) foi capaz de diminuir a atividade de MPO (p<0,01) e a contagem celular (p<0,05) no exsudato das esponjas, após 48 h da indução da ferida. O EE mostrou-se ativo como sequestrador do radical DPPH. Os valores de IC50 para o EE e ácido gálico foram semelhantes (1,04 ± 0,27 e 1,15 ± 0,02 μg mL-1 de DPPH, respectivamente). Concluímos que o EE da entrecasca da S. obtusifolium possui atividade anti-inflamatória através da administração tópica no modelo de cicatrização cutânea em ratos, além de seu potencial antioxidante.

The Sideroxylon obtusifolium is a medicinal plant known as “quixabeira” in Portuguese that has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory and painful processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract (EE) of S. obtusifolium on the cicatrization and local anti-inflammatory activities using a model of wound healing in rats. Wistar rats were submitted to a dorsal skin incision and polyvinyl alcohol sponge discs were implanted. Animals were euthanized after 48 h, and the tensile strength measurement at the wound site, the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the leukocyte counts in the wound exudates were evaluated. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was determined to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the EE. We observed that the topical administration of the EE of S. obtusifolium (3-30 mg 0.4 mL-1 of Lanette® cream) twice a day did not alter the tensile strength, but it decreased the MPO activity (p<0,01)and leukocyte infiltration (p<0,05) after 48 h of induction of wound. The EE shows to be active as DPPH radical scavenger. The IC50 value for the EE was similar to the IC50 value of gallic acid (1.04 ± 0.27 and 1.15 ± 0.02 μg mL-1 DPPH, respectively). In conclusion, the EE of Sideroxylon obtusifolium shows local anti-inflammatory activity in the model of wound healing in rats, in addition to antioxidant potential.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-084X/09_189 5816 downloads

Aferição das cargas a aplicar a nadadores no teste Wingate em cicloergómetro
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Soares, S.M.

; Fernandes, R.J.

Motricidade

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dec 2013, Volume 9 N. 4 Pages 82 - 89

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O teste Wingate parece ser o teste padrão para avaliar o potencial anaeróbio, implicando a aplicação de uma carga de resistência cujo valor é uma percentagem do peso corporal do sujeito a avaliar. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de determinar a carga de resistência, expressa em percentagem do peso corporal, a aplicar a nadadores no teste Wingate realizado em cicloergómetro. A amostra foi constituída por sete nadadores e sete nadadoras. Para aferir a carga ótima de resistência a aplicar a cada nadador foi realizado um pré-teste de nx10s, com um intervalo de 15min entre cada repetição. A resistência aplicada em cada repetição foi de 7.5% do peso corporal, aumentada em frações de 0.5%. A carga de resistência ótima determinada no pré-teste foi aplicada no teste Wingate tal como determinada e incrementada e subtraída em 0.5% do peso corporal, tendo-se verificado uma relação não-linear entre a potência e a carga externa. A carga de resistência ótima a aplicar no teste Wingate foi superior ao valor padrão de 7.5%, quer para os nadadores (9.50 ± 0.65%), quer para as nadadoras (9.86 ± 1.18%).

The Wingate test seems to be the gold standard test to assess the anaerobic potential. The test involves the application of a load resistance which represents a percentage of the subject's body weight. The purpose of the study was to determine the resistance, expressed as a percentage of body weight, to be applied by swimmers in the Wingate test performed in cycle ergometer. The sample was composed by seven male and seven female swimmers. In order to determine the optimal resistance to apply to each swimmer, a pre-test nx10s was performed (15min rest between repetitions). The resistance applied in each trial was 7.5% of the body weight, increased 0.5% bouts. The optimal resistance was then applied in the Wingate test as determined in the pre-test and added and subtracted 0.5% of the body weight. A non-linear relationship was observed between the power and the external charge. The optimal load resistance value for swimmers of both genders was higher than the standard value of 7.5%. Load resistance values were 9.50 ± 0.65% for male and 9.86 ± 1.18% for female swimmers.

https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.9(4).1162 1511 downloads

Proteinograma sérico de cães sadios e com linfoma obtido por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (SDS-PAGE)
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Calazans, S.G.

; Daleck, C.R.

; Fagliari, J.J.

; Repetti, C.F.

; De Nardi, A.B.

; Castro, J.H.T.

; Fernandes, S.C.

; César, J.R.F.

; Rodigheri, S.M.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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oct 2009, Volume 61 N. 5 Pages 1044 - 1048

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foram avaliadas amostras de soro sanguíneo de 10 cães sadios e de 12 com linfoma, utilizando-se a eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida contendo dodecil sulfato de sódio. Houve diferença entre as médias dos teores de proteína total de cães sadios, 7,68g/dL±0,46 e de cães com linfoma, 7,93g/dL±2,49. As concentrações de IgA e IgG não foram diferentes entre os grupos. Os teores das proteínas de pesos moleculares 142000, 110000, 52000, 49000, 24000 e 18000 dáltons foram mais elevados em cães com linfoma. Os cães com linfoma apresentaram concentrações mais elevadas de ceruloplasmina, 43,95mg/dL±18,19, e haptoglobina, 554mg/dL±449,51, e menores de albumina, 2908mg/dL±476,67, em comparação aos cães sadios (ceruloplasmina: 3,42mg/dL±7,44; haptoglobina: 94,54mg/dL±59,50 e albumina: 4207mg/dL±206,18). Conclui-se que concentrações séricas mais elevadas de ceruloplasmina e haptoglobina e menores de albumina podem estar associadas ao linfoma em cães.

Blood serum samples of ten healthy dogs and 12 dogs with lymphoma were evaluated by means of sodium dodecil sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. There was difference in total protein concentrations among healthy dogs, 7.68g/dL±0.46 and dogs with lymphoma, 7.93g/dL±2.49 values of immunoglobulins A and G presented no difference between groups. Serum proteins with molecular weights 142,000; 110,000; 52,000; 49,000; 24,000; and 18,000 Daltons presented increased concentrations in dogs with lymphoma. Dogs with lymphoma presented increased ceruloplasmin (43.95mg/dL±18.19) and haptoglobin (554mg/dL±449.51) values and lesser albumin concentration (2,908mg/dL±476.67) when compared to healthy dogs (ceruloplasmin: 3.42mg/dL±7.44; haptoglobin: 94.54mg/dL±59.50, and albumin: 4,207mg/dL±206.18). In conclusion, increased ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin and lesser albumin serum concentrations are possibly related to lymphoma in dogs.

19442 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Solução concentrada de albumina eqüina na fluidoterapia em eqüinos com desidratação leve a moderada
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Belli, C.B.

; Michima, L.E.S.

; Latorre, S.M.

; Fernandes, W.R.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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feb 2008, Volume 60 N. 1 Pages 30 - 35

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Avaliou-se o efeito da solução concentrada de albumina eqüina diluída a 5% em solução fisiológica (SF) durante fluidoterapia em eqüinos, após indução de desidratação leve a moderada, utilizando-se cinco eqüinos adultos, sem alterações clínicas. Cada animal passou por dois protocolos de fluidoterapia: apenas com SF (metade sob pressão e metade em fluxo contínuo - grupo-controle); com solução de albumina eqüina e SF (apenas em fluxo contínuo - grupo experimental). Avaliaram-se peso, exame físico geral, hematócrito, osmolalidade plasmática, gasometria, proteína total, albumina, uréia, creatinina, Na, K, débito cardíaco e pressão arterial, e calcularam-se pressão oncótica e volume plasmático. Após a aplicação de metade da SF sob pressão nos animais do grupo-controle, as alterações no hematócrito, na proteína total, na albumina, na pressão arterial e na pressão oncótica foram semelhantes às encontradas nos do grupo experimental após aplicação apenas da solução de albumina. Conclui-se que a solução de albumina eqüina é de fácil preparação e aplicação, não demonstra efeitos deletérios na dose e velocidade utilizadas e é passível de ser utilizada como colóide na fluidoterapia na espécie eqüina.

The effect of the equine concentrated albumin solution diluted to 5% in physiologic saline solution (PSS) during fluid therapy in horses after induced slight to moderate dehydration was evaluated in five adult horses with no clinical alterations. Each animal was submitted to two fluid therapy protocols; with only PSS (half of the total volume under pressure and half in continuous flow - control-group), or with equine albumin solution and PSS (only in continuous flow - treated-group). Body weight; general physical examination, packed cell volume (PCV); plasmatic osmometry; gasometry, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinin, Na, and K, cardiac output; and arterial pressure; and calculation of the oncotic pressure and plasmatic volume were evaluated. After the administration of the first half of PSS under pressure in control group, it was observed that alterations in PCV, total protein, albumin, arterial pressure, and oncotic pressure were similar to those found in experimental group after the administration of the albumin solution. It was concluded that the equine albumin solution is easily prepared and administered, with no deleterial effects in the employed dose and speed, and it is suitable for use as a colloid in fluid therapy in equine species.

5751 downloads

10.

Direct costs of asthma in Brazil: a comparison between controlled and uncontrolled asthmatic patients
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Santos, L.A.

; Oliveira, M.A.

; Faresin, S.M.

; Santoro, I.L.

; Fernandes, A.L.G.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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jul 2007, Volume 40 N. 7 Pages 943 - 948

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Asthma is a common chronic illness that imposes a heavy burden on all aspects of the patient's life, including personal and health care cost expenditures. To analyze the direct cost associated to uncontrolled asthma patients, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine costs related to patients with uncontrolled and controlled asthma. Uncontrolled patient was defined by daytime symptoms more than twice a week or nocturnal symptoms during two consecutive nights or any limitations of activities, or need for relief rescue medication more than twice a week, and an ACQ score less than 2 points. A questionnaire about direct cost stratification in health services, including emergency room visits, hospitalization, ambulatory visits, and asthma medications prescribed, was applied. Ninety asthma patients were enrolled (45 uncontrolled/45 controlled). Uncontrolled asthmatics accounted for higher health care expenditures than controlled patients, US$125.45 and US$15.58, respectively [emergency room visits (US$39.15 vs US$2.70) and hospitalization (US$86.30 vs US$12.88)], per patient over 6 months. The costs with medications in the last month for patients with mild, moderate and severe asthma were US$1.60, 9.60, and 25.00 in the uncontrolled patients, respectively, and US$6.50, 19.00 and 49.00 in the controlled patients. In view of the small proportion of uncontrolled subjects receiving regular maintenance medication (22.2%) and their lack of resources, providing free medication for uncontrolled patients might be a cost-effective strategy for the public health system.

3725 downloads Cited 5 times in SciELO

11.

Alterações histológicas em brânquias de tilápia nilotica Oreochromis niloticus causadas pelo cádmio
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Garcia-Santos, S.

; Monteiro, S.M.

; Carrola, J.

; Fontainhas-Fernandes, A.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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apr 2007, Volume 59 N. 2 Pages 376 - 381

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os efeitos histopatológicos do cádmio nas brânquias de tilápia Oreochromis niloticus foram estudados por microscopia óptica, usando 25mgl-1 de CdCl2 durante quatro dias, com o objetivo de identificar seus efeitos agudos na estrutura das brânquias. A morfologia geral das brânquias de O. niloticus é idêntica à de outros teleósteos, apresentando quatro pares de arcos branquiais com filamentos bem desenvolvidos. Situadas lateralmente, encontram-se as lamelas provenientes do eixo central dos filamentos. No epitélio filamentar foi possível identificar células de cloro, pavimentosas e mucosas. Os peixes expostos ao cádmio mostraram sinais de lesões epiteliais; edema intersticial, vasodilatação das lamelas, destacamento do epitélio lamelar e proliferação do epitélio filamentar. As alterações observadas também incluíram fusão nas lamelas como resultado de hiperplasia e hipertrofia epitelial, ruptura do sistema de células pilar, aneurismas e necroses.

The histopathogical effects of cadmium on the gills of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were studied by light microscopy, using 25mgl-1 of CdCl2 during four days to identified the effects of short-term exposure on gills structure. The general morphology of O. niloticus gills is similar to the other teleostean fishes, showing four pairs of gills arches with well developed filaments. Bilaterally situated, secondary lamellae branches are found from the central axis of the filaments. The filamentar epithelium showed the chloride cells, the pavement cells and mucous cells. Fish exposed to cadmium showed signs of epithelial lesion, namely the interstitial edema, swollen of the lamellae, lifting and cellular proliferation of the filamentar epithelium. The changes of the gills also included lamellar fusion as a result of epithelial hyperplasia and hypertrophy, the breakdown of pillar cell system, and aneurisms with some ruptures and necrosis, especially in the filamentar epithelium.

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12.

Enjoo de movimento: etiologia, factores predisponentes e adaptação
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Coelho, Carlos S.M.

; Santos, Jorge A.

; Silva, Carlos Fernandes da

Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças

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2007, Volume 8 N. 1 Pages 33 - 48

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este artigo refere-se ao enjoo de movimento. Após uma breve descrição da anatomia do aparelho vestibular referimos as teorias acerca da génese do enjoo de movimento. Incidimos particular atenção na teoria do conflito de pistas (Reason & Brand, 1975), na teoria da instabilidade postural (Stoffregen & Riccio, 1991), e na teoria do veneno (Treisman, 1977). Por fim, comentamos as diversas possibilidades de previsão de sintomas e o seu tratamento.

This article is about motion sickness. After a brief description of the anatomy of the vestibular apparatus we review the theories about the genesis of motion sickness. We will centre our attention on the cue conflict theory (Reason & Brand, 1975), on the postural instability approach (Stoffregen & Riccio, 1991), and on the poison theory (Treisman, 1977). At last we will discuss the symptoms prevision and its treatment.

1764 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

13.

DNA extraction from sea anemone (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) tissues for molecular analyses
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Pinto, S.M.

; Fernandes-Matioli, F.M.C.

; Schlenz, E.

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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sep 2000, Volume 23 N. 3 Pages 601 - 604

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Descreve-se um método específico de extração de DNA para anêmonas-do-mar no qual o DNA total de oito espécies de anêmonas-do-mar e de uma espécie de Corallimorpharia foi obtido através de modificações de protocolos padrões de extração. A extração do DNA de anêmonas-do-mar tem sido dificultada pela consistência rígida do tecido e pela presença de zooxantelas simbiontes. A técnica descrita aqui é um meio eficaz para evitar problemas de contaminação de DNA e de obtenção de grandes quantidades de DNA íntegro, o qual pode ser usado em diferentes tipos de análises moleculares.

A specific DNA extraction method for sea anemones is described in which extraction of total DNA from eight species of sea anemones and one species of corallimorpharian was achieved by changing the standard extraction protocols. DNA extraction from sea anemone tissue is made more difficult both by the tissue consistency and the presence of symbiotic zooxanthellae. The technique described here is an efficient way to avoid problems of DNA contamination and obtain large amounts of purified and integral DNA which can be used in different kinds of molecular analyses.

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14.

Morbidade respiratória nos pacientes com e sem síndrome pulmonar obstrutiva submetidos a cirurgia abdominal alta
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Pereira, E.D.B.

; Farensin, S.M.

; Fernandes, A.L.G.

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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mar 2000, Volume 46 N. 1 Pages 15 - 22

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Estudar a morbidade respiratória nos pacientes com síndrome pulmonar obstrutiva submetidos a cirurgia abdominal alta. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: Durante o pré-operatório, 196 pacientes candidatos à cirurgia abdominal alta eletiva responderam a um questionário padronizado e logo em seguida realizaram espirometria. Houve acompanhamento no pós-operatório até a alta hospitalar ou óbito. Os pacientes foram divididos em quatro grupos: 27 pacientes com DPOC (diagnóstico de bronquite crônica ou enfisema e VEF1/CVF< 70%), 44 pacientes com diagnóstico de asma (obstrução das vias aéreas desencadeada por estímulos provocatívos) com ou sem alteração da espirometria. Outros 23 pacientes apresentavam o complexo bronquite crônica-enfisema, (quadro clínico sugestivo de bronquite ou enfisema porém com VEF1/CVF maior que 70%). O grupo de 102 pacientes apresentou normalidade do ponto de vista clínico e espirométrico. Considerou-se como CPP: atelectasia com repercussão clínica e ou gasométrica, broncoespasmo que necessitou de tratamento, insuficiência respiratória aguda, ventilação mecânica e/ou entubação orotraqueal prolongada, infecção traqueobronquica e pneumonia. RESULTADOS: A incidência de complicações foi maior no grupo de pacientes com limitação do fluxo aéreo (32%) em relação aos normais(6%). Ao estudarmos os quatro grupos separadamente, foi observado que os pacientes com DPOC, apesar de apresentaram maior morbidade no pós-operatório, não diferiram dos demais pneumopatas. Complicaram, respectivamente, (DPOC 37%, BE 34%, asma 29%,normal 6%). Os obstrutivos triplicaram seu tempo de permanência no ventilador (média 3,1 e 1,1; respectivamente, com p<0,05). No entanto, não houve diferença em relação ao tempo de permanência na UTI e no tempo total de dias no pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes com limitação do fluxo aéreo apresentaram maior morbidade no pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal alta. A magnitude deste fator de risco se reflete num risco relativo quase que cinco vezes maior em relação aos pneumopatas com os pacientes normais.

BACKGROUND: We wanted to determine the postoperative pulmonary complicatiosn after upper abdominal surgery in patients with pulmonary obstrutive syndrome. METHODS: We have studied 196 patients prospectively analyzed in preoperative period with spirometry and followed for observation of PPC. The patients were divided in four groups: COPD - those with chronic bronchitis or emphysema and VEF1/CVF< 70% (27 patients). ASMA - patients with obstruction of the airway in response to provoking stimuli (44 patients). CHRONIC BRONCHITIS-EMPHYSEMA - those with the clinical diagnoses of the respective diseases but VEF1/CVF > 70% (23 patients). NORMAL - patients without pulmonary disease and normal spirometry (102 patients). RESULTS: Postoperative pulmonary complication was recognized when the patient presented atelectasis with clinical or gasometric alterations; bronchospasm that needed bronchodilator therapy; respiratory failure; mechanical ventilation or orotracheal entubation more than 48 hours in postosurgery period; tracheobronchitis characterized by the presence of purulent sputum with normal x-ray; pneumonia. Patients with pulmonary obstruction had experienced higher rates of pulmonar complications (32% vs 6%,p<0,05). The presence of obstuctive lung disease was associated with an increased number of ventilator days, but was not associeted with longer intensive care unit or hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications was strongly associated with the presence of pulmonary obstrutive syndrome.

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