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Resumo Plectranthus barbatus Andrews (Lamiaceae) é amplamente distribuída no mundo e com uma série de indicações terapêuticas populares. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a caracterização fitoquímica de dois extratos da folha de P. barbatus e seu potencial antimicrobiano, antineoplásico e imunomodulador. Após coleta, herborização e obtenção do extrato aquoso (PBA) e acetona: água 7: 3 (orgânico) (PBO) de P. barbatus, a caracterização fitoquímica foi realizada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). A atividade antimicrobiana foi realizada para determinar a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) contra oito cepas bacterianas usando o teste de microdiluição e o fungo Trichophyton rubrum por ensaio de difusão em disco e teste de microdiluição. A citotoxicidade foi avaliada por métodos MTT e azul de tripan em células normais mononucleares do sangue periférico (CMSP) em concentrações variadas entre 0,1 a 100 µg.mL-1 e nas linhagens celulares neoplásicas Toledo, K562, DU-145 e PANC-1 em 1, 10 e 100 µg.mL-1 . A atividade imunomoduladora foi avaliada por ELISA sanduíche de citocinas pró-inflamatórias em sobrenadante de culturas de esplenócitos de camundongos BALB/c. Ambos os extratos apresentaram flavonoides, derivados cinâmicos, esteróides e ácido elágico. O PBO mostrou atividade bacteriostática contra Acinetobacter baumannii (CIM = 250 µg.mL-1) e atividade fungistática do PBA contra Trichophyton rubrum (CIM = 800 µg.mL-1). Os extratos não apresentaram toxicidade para CMSP e células neoplásicas (IC50 > 100 µg.mL-1). Além disso, o PBO a 100 µg.mL-1 inibiu significativamente as citocinas IFN-γ e IL-17A (p = 0,03). Plectranthus barbatus é um candidato potencial para uso terapêutico devido à sua baixa toxicidade em células humanas saudáveis e exibe atividade de interesse médico como bacteriostática, fungistática e imunomoduladora.

Abstract Plectranthus barbatus Andrews (Lamiaceae) is widely distributed in the world and has a range of popular therapeutic indications. This work aimed to evaluate the phytochemical characterization of two leaf extracts of P. barbatus, and their antimicrobial, antineoplastic and immunomodulatory potential. After collection, herborization and obtainment of the P. barbatus aqueous extract (PBA) and acetone:water 7:3 P. barbatus organic extract (PBO), the phytochemical characterization was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antimicrobial activity was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against eight bacterial strains using the microdilution test and the fungus Trichophyton rubrum by disc diffusion assay and microdilution test. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT and trypan blue methods in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at concentrations ranged between 0.1 to 100 µg.mL-1 and in neoplastic cell lines Toledo, K562, DU-145 and PANC-1 at 1, 10 and 100 µg.mL-1 . Immunomodulatory activity, was evaluated by sandwich ELISA of proinflammatory cytokines at BALB/c mice splenocytes cultures supernatant. Both extracts presented flavonoids, cinnamic derivatives, steroids and ellagic acid. PBO showed bacteriostatic activity against Acinetobacter baumannii (MIC = 250 µg.mL-1) clinical isolate and PBA fungistatic activity against Trichophyton rubrum (MIC = 800 µg.mL-1). The extracts did not exhibit toxicity to PBMCs and neoplastic cells (IC50 > 100 µg.mL-1). Additionally, PBO at 100 µg.mL-1 significantly inhibited IFN-γ and IL-17A cytokines (p = 0.03). Plectranthus barbatus is a potential candidate for therapeutic use due to its low toxicity in healthy human cells and exhibits biological activities of medical interest as bacteriostatic, fungistatic and immunomodulatory.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.236297 516 downloads

Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations: an instrument to observe the 21cm hydrogen line in the redshift range 0.13 < z < 0.45 – status update
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WUENSCHE, CARLOS A.

; ABDALLA, ELCIO

; ABDALLA, FILIPE

; BAROSI, LUCIANO

; WANG, BIN

; AN, RUI

; BARRETOS, JOÃO A. M.

; BATTYE, RICHARD

; BRITO, FRANCISCO A.

; BROWNE, IAN

; CORREIA, DANIEL

; COSTA, ANDRÉ A.

; DELABROUILLE, JACQUES

; DICKINSON, CLIVE

; FENG, CHANG

; FERREIRA, ELISA G. M.

; FORNAZIER, KARIN

; DE GASPERIS, GIANCARLO

; GUTIERREZ, PRISCILA

; HARPER, STUART

; LANDIM, RICARDO G.

; LICCARDO, VINCENZO

; MA, YIN-ZHE

; MACHADO, TELMO

; MAFFEI, BRUNO

; MARINS, ALESSANDRO

; MENDES, MILENA M. M.

; MERICIA, EDUARDO

; MONSTEIN, CHRISTIAN

; MOTTA, PABLO

; NOVAES, CAMILA

; OTOBONE, CARLOS H.

; PEEL, MICHAEL

; QUEIROZ, AMILCAR R.

; RADCLIFFE, CHRISTOPHER

; REMAZEILLES, MATHIEU

; RIBEIRO, RAFAEL M. G.

; SANG, YU

; SANTOS, JULIANA F. R.

; SANTOS, LARISSA

; SANTOS, MARCELO. V.

; SHAN, CHENXI

; SILVA, GUSTAVO B.

; VIEIRA, FREDERICO

; VIEIRA, JORDANY

; VILLELA, THYRSO

; XIAO, LINFENG

; YANG, WEIQIANG

; ZHANG, JIAJUN

; ZHANG, XUE

; ZHU, ZENGHAO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20201096

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract BINGO (BAO from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations) is a unique radio telescope designed to map the intensity of neutral hydrogen distribution at cosmological distances, making the first detection of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) in the frequency band 980 MHz - 1260 MHz, corresponding to a redshift range 0.127 < z < 0.449. BAO is one of the most powerful probes of cosmological parameters and BINGO was designed to detect the BAO signal to a level that makes it possible to put new constraints on the equation of state of dark energy. The telescope will be built in Paraíba, Brazil and consists of two \thicksim 40m mirrors, a feedhorn array of 50 horns, and no moving parts, working as a drift-scan instrument. It will cover a 15 ^{\circ} ∘ declination strip centered at \sim \delta ∼ δ =-15 ^{\circ} ∘, mapping \sim ∼ 5400 square degrees in the sky. The BINGO consortium is led by University of São Paulo with co-leadership at National Institute for Space Research and Campina Grande Federal University (Brazil). Telescope subsystems have already been fabricated and tested, and the dish and structure fabrication are expected to start in late 2020, as well as the road and terrain preparation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201096 413 downloads

Autoimmune hepatitis in 828 Brazilian children and adolescents: clinical and laboratory findings, histological profile, treatments, and outcomes
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Porta, Gilda

; Carvalho, Elisa de

; Santos, Jorge L.

; Gama, Jorge

; Borges, Cristian V.

; Seixas, Renata B.P.M.

; Ferreira, Alexandre R.

; Miura, Irene K.

; Silveira, Themis R.

; Silva, Luciana R.

; Fagundes, Eleonora D.T.

; Bellomo-Brandao, Maria A.

; Sawamura, Regina

; Vieira, Sandra M.

; Melere, Melina U.

; Marques, Cibele D.F.

; Pugliese, Renata P.

; Danesi, Vera L.

; Porta, Adriana

; Marsillac, Marise E.

; Valladares, Marcia A.

; Menezes, Daniela G.

; Kieling, Carlos

; Paula, Mariana N. de

; Vasconcelos, Juliana R.

; Ferreira, Cristina T.

; Perin, Nilza

; Resende, Leonardo R.

; Maia, Jussara

; Tommaso, Adriana M.A. De

; Hessel, Gabriel

Jornal de Pediatria

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aug 2019, Volume 95 N. 4 Pages 419 - 427

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo com acompanhamento de longo prazo visou a avaliar o quadro clínico, os achados laboratoriais, o perfil histológico, os tratamentos e os resultados de crianças e adolescentes com hepatite autoimune. Métodos: Foram analisados os prontuários médicos de 828 crianças e adolescentes com HAI. Foi usado um questionário para coletar os dados anônimos sobre o quadro clínico, os achados bioquímicos e histológicos e os tratamentos. Resultados: De todos os pacientes, 89,6% tinham hepatite autoimune-1 e 10,4% hepatite autoimune-2. O sexo feminino foi predominante nos dois grupos. A idade média no início dos sintomas foi 111,5 (6; 210) e 53,5 (8; 165) meses nos pacientes com hepatite autoimune-1 e hepatite autoimune-2, respectivamente. Foi observado início clínico agudo em 56,1% e 58,8% e sintomas insidiosos em 43,9% e 41,2% dos pacientes com hepatite autoimune-1 e hepatite autoimune-2, respectivamente. A probabilidade de insuficiência hepática foi 1,6 vezes maior para hepatite autoimune-2; 3,6% e 10,6% dos pacientes com hepatite autoimune-1 e hepatite autoimune-2, respectivamente, apresentaram insuficiência hepática fulminante; o risco foi 3,1 vezes maior para hepatite autoimune-2. Os níveis de gamaglobulina e imunoglobulina G foram significativamente maiores nos pacientes com hepatite autoimune-1, ao passo que os níveis de imunoglobulina A e C3 foram menores em pacientes com hepatite autoimune-2; 22,4% dos pacientes apresentaram cirrose e a remissão bioquímica foi atingida em 76,2%. A taxa de sobrevida atuarial foi de 93,0%. Um total de 4,6% pacientes foram submetidos a transplante de fígado e 6,9% morreram (hepatite autoimune-1: 7,5%; hepatite autoimune-2: 2,4%). Conclusões: Nesta grande série clínica de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros, a hepatite autoimune-1 foi mais frequente e os pacientes com hepatite autoimune-2 mostraram maiores taxas de remissão da doença com respostas mais rápidas aos tratamentos. Os pacientes com hepatite autoimune-1 apresentaram maior risco de óbito.

Abstract Objective: This large study with a long-term follow-up aimed to evaluate the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, histological profile, treatments, and outcomes of children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis. Methods: The medical records of 828 children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis were reviewed. A questionnaire was used to collect anonymous data on clinical presentation, biochemical and histological findings, and treatments. Results: Of all patients, 89.6% had autoimmune hepatitis-1 and 10.4% had autoimmune hepatitis-2. The female sex was predominant in both groups. The median age at symptom onset was 111.5 (6; 210) and 53.5 (8; 165) months in the patients with autoimmune hepatitis 1 and autoimmune hepatitis-2, respectively. Acute clinical onset was observed in 56.1% and 58.8% and insidious symptoms in 43.9% and 41.2% of the patients with autoimmune hepatitis-1 and autoimmune hepatitis-2, respectively. The risk of hepatic failure was 1.6-fold higher for autoimmune hepatitis-2. Fulminant hepatic failure occurred in 3.6% and 10.6% of the patients with autoimmune hepatitis-1 and autoimmune hepatitis-2, respectively; the risk was 3.1-fold higher for autoimmune hepatitis-2. The gamma globulin and immunoglobulin G levels were significantly higher in autoimmune hepatitis-1, while the immunoglobulin A and C3 levels were lower in autoimmune hepatitis-2. Cirrhosis was observed in 22.4% of the patients; biochemical remission was achieved in 76.2%. The actuarial survival rate was 93.0%. A total of 4.6% underwent liver transplantation, and 6.9% died (autoimmune hepatitis-1: 7.5%; autoimmune hepatitis-2: 2.4%). Conclusions: In this large clinical series of Brazilian children and adolescents, autoimmune hepatitis-1 was more frequent, and patients with autoimmune hepatitis-2 exhibited higher disease remission rates with earlier response to treatment. Patients with autoimmune hepatitis-1 had a higher risk of death.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.04.007 1614 downloads

Description of clinical aspects and microscopy of the hair shaft of a carrier of familial monilethrix
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Ferreira, Maria Angélica T.

; Gonzales, João Francisco O.

; Diniz, Bruna L.

; Floriani, Maiara A.

; Bau, Ana Elisa K.

; Rosa, Rosana C. M.

; Rosa, Rafael Fabiano M.

; Zen, Paulo Ricardo G.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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oct 2018, Volume 54 N. 5 Pages 333 - 335

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A monilétrix é uma condição genética que acomete a haste capilar. Descrevemos uma família com essa doença, enfocando seus aspectos clínicos e as características microscópicas do cabelo. A paciente era do sexo feminino, 10 anos de idade, e apresentava história de hipotricose. Além da alopecia difusa, notava-se um cabelo quebradiço, com rupturas na haste capilar em diferentes níveis. Os cabelos possuíam um aspecto nodular a olho nu. Outros membros da família apresentavam os mesmos sintomas, o que indica um padrão de herança autossômica dominante. A análise microscópica revelou fibras capilares com áreas de aparência nodular elíptica, intercaladas por regiões de constrição distrófica.

ABSTRACT Monilethrix is a genetic condition that affects the hair shaft. We describe a family with this disease, focusing on its clinical aspects and microscopic hair characteristics. The patient was a 10-year-old female with history of hypotrichosis. In addition to diffuse alopecia, there was brittle hair, with ruptures in the hair shaft at different levels. The hair had a nodular appearance at naked eye. Other family members had the same symptoms, what indicates an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Microscopic analysis revealed capillary fibers with areas of elliptical nodular appearance interspersed with regions of dystrophic constriction.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20180055 913 downloads

Chemical composition and evaluation of antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of the essential oil from leaves of Cryptocarya aschersoniana Mez. (Lauraceae Juss.)
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ANDRADE, PRISCILA M. DE

; MELO, DAIANA C. DE

; ALCOBA, ANA ELISA T.

; FERREIRA JÚNIOR, WALNIR G.

; PAGOTTI, MARIANA C.

; MAGALHÃES, LIZANDRA G.

; SANTOS, TAINÁ C.L. DOS

; CROTTI, ANTÔNIO E.M.

; ALVES, CASSIA C.F.

; MIRANDA, MAYKER L.D.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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sep 2018, Volume 90 N. 3 Pages 2671 - 2678

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which affects around two million people worldwide. One major drawback in the treatment of leishmaniasis is the emergence of resistance to current chemotherapeutics. Medicinal and aromatic plants constitute a major source of natural organic compounds. In this study, the leaf essential oil of Cryptocarya aschersoniana was obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and the chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. The essential oil of these species was predominantly constituted by monoterpene hydrocarbons (48.8%). Limonene (42.3%), linalool (9.7%) and nerolidol (8.6%) were the main constituents in the oil of C. aschersoniana. The in vitro activity of the oil was evaluated against the promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis, the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans. The essential oil of C. aschersoniana showed high activity against L. amazonensis promastigote forms (IC50 = 4.46 µg/mL), however, it also demonstrated a relatively high cytotoxicity on mouse peritoneal macrophages (CC50 = 7.71 µg/mL). This is the first report of the chemical composition and the leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activities of the leaf essential oil of C. aschersoniana.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170332 1569 downloads

Genotypic carriers of the obesity-associated FTO polymorphism exhibit different cardiometabolic profiles after an intervention
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MORAES, GREICE G.

; REUTER, CÉZANE P.

; RENNER, JANE D.P.

; KLINGER, ELISA I.

; FERREIRA, MICHELE B.

; MELLO, ELZA D. DE

; VALIM, ANDRÉIA DE M.

; BURGOS, MIRIA S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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dec 2016, Volume 88 N. 4 Pages 2331 - 2339

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Children and adolescents with at-risk genotypes (AA/AT) of the rs9939609 polymorphism in FTO, a fat mass and obesity-associated gene, may exhibit different cardiometabolic profile responses than subjects with the TT genotype after an interdisciplinary intervention. Methods: The sample consisted of 36 school children from southern Brazil. We used DNA quantitation and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for polymorphism genotyping. We measured anthropometric parameters (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage and skinfold sum), biochemical parameters (glucose, lipid profile, ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, insulin and adiponectin) and blood pressure. The 4-month intervention consisted of physical education classes, nutritional counseling, and postural and oral health counseling. Results: We observed no significant differences among the groups (AA, AT and TT) after the intervention. However, we observed improvements in three parameters (waist circumference, hip circumference and C-reactive protein) in the AT/AA genotype group and in two parameters (hip circumference and uric acid) in the TT genotype group. Conclusions: After an intervention program, carriers of at-risk genotypes for obesity (AA/AT) do not exhibit differences in biochemical parameters, blood pressure and anthropometric parameters compared with carriers of the TT genotype.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620160114 1997 downloads

Occurrence and risk factors assessment associated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in chickens in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil
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Sá, Sílvio G. de

; Pinheiro Júnior, José W.

; Vilela, Sineide M. de Oliveira

; Moraes, Erica P.B.X.

; Albuquerque, Pedro P.F.

; Ferreira, Débora R.A.

; Mota, Rinaldo A.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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jun 2015, Volume 35 N. 6 Pages 531 - 535

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de infecção por Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) e os fatores de risco dessa doença em trezentas amostras de soro sanguíneo de galinhas domésticas em 23 propriedades da agricultura familiar na região semiárida do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos contra Mycoplasma gallisepticum utilizou-se o Ensaio Imunoenzimático (ELISA). A análise univariada (Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fischer) seguida pela análise multivariada (Regressão Logística) foram utilizadas para avaliar os fatores de risco com duas variáveis: manejo e sanidade das aves. Foi detectada uma frequência de 53,33% (157/300) de aves soropositivas para MG com 100% de focos. Os fatores de risco confirmados na análise multivariada, neste estudo, foram a criação de outras espécies de aves na propriedade como Numida meleagris(OR=2,22; p=0,005), criação de diferentes espécies de psitacídeos (OR=1,72; p=0,027) e a criação de passeriformes (OR=1,88; p=0,007). Estes resultados demonstram que a infecção por Mycoplasma gallisepticum é endêmica entre galinhas de criação doméstica na região semiárida do estado de Pernambuco. Estas aves podem atuar como fonte de infecção para outras aves silvestres e domésticas. Este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência de micoplasmose aviária em galinhas de criação doméstica no estado de Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil. Os fatores de risco identificados devem servir como um parâmetro para as autoridades sanitárias buscarem soluções de controle da doença.

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection and risk factors of this disease in three hundred serum samples from on 23 familiar agricultural properties in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. ELISA was used to study antibodies anti-Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The univariate analysis (chi-squared test or Fischer's exact test) followed by multivariate analysis (logistic regression) were used to assess the risk factors with two variables: management and sanity of the poultry. It was detected a frequence of 53.33% (157/300) of the birds were positive for MG, with 100% foci. The risk factors confirmed by multivariate analysis, in the present study, were the presence of other poultry species on the property, including Numida meleagris (OR=2.22; p=0.005), parrots (OR=1.72; p=0.027), and of passerines (OR=1.88; p=0.007). These results showed that Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection is endemic among backyard poultry in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco. These birds could be a source of infection for other wild or domestic poultry. . This is the first report of the occurrence of avian mycoplasmosis in backyard poultry in the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil. The risk factors identified should serve as a parameter for the health authorities to seek solutions related to controlling the disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2015000600007 1848 downloads

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in blood donors in Salvador, Northeast-Brazil
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Lyra, Andre C.

; Santana, Genoile

; Santana, Nelma

; Silvany-Neto, Anibal

; Magalhães, Emilia

; Pereira, Eduardo M.

; Mascarenhas, Ramiro

; Lyra, Marcos C.

; Veiga, Andrea

; Ferreira, Karina

; Zaterka, Schilioma

; Lyra, Luiz G.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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oct 2003, Volume 7 N. 5 Pages 339 - 345

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Helicobacter pylori plays an important role in the etiology of peptic ulcer disease. Its prevalence appears to be higher in developing countries. We evaluated the seroprevalence of H. pylori and risk factors associated with infection in voluntary blood donors who attended the main blood center of the city of Salvador, Brazil. The subjects responded to an epidemiological questionnaire, with information about sex, age, race, lifestyle, social-economic level indicators, and residence and hygiene conditions. Anti-H. pylori antibody was determined by ELISA (Cobas Core, Roche). Three hundred and seven subjects were included in the study. Anti-H. pylori antibody results were indeterminate in 33 individuals (10.8%), who were excluded from analysis. Among the remaining 274 subjects, 187 (68.2%) were anti-H. pylori positive. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis three variables were found to be significantly associated with a higher prevalence of H. pylori infection: absence of plumbing in the residence during childhood, a history of rainwater invading the dwelling during childhood, and low ingestion of milk.

2781 downloads

Doença cerebrovascular na infância: II. Aspectos clínicos em 42 casos
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MOURA-RIBEIRO, MARIA VALERIANA L.

; FERREIRA, LISIANE S.

; MONTENEGRO, MARIA AUGUSTA

; VALE-CAVALCANTE, MARISA

; PIOVESANA, ANA MARIA S. G.

; SCOTONI, ANNA ELISA

; BARISON, ELIANA

; GUERREIRO, MARILISA M.

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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sep 1999, Volume 57 N. 3A Pages 594 - 598

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Entre 1990 e 1998 foram analisadas, do ponto de vista clínico, 42 crianças com diagnóstico de doença cerebrovascular, internadas no Hospital das Clínicas da FCM-UNICAMP. O distúrbio cerebrovascular mais frequente foi do tipo isquêmico com acometimento predominante da artéria cerebral média, sendo o quadro clínico agudo caracterizado por manifestações epilépticas e alterações motoras, principalmente em crianças de idade precoce. A avaliação do seguimento das crianças mostrou predomínio de sequelas motoras.

We report the findings recorded in 42 children suffering cerebrovascular disease and assisted at the Hospital das Clínicas FCM-UNICAMP, over a 8 years period (January 1990 until April 1998). The ischemic type was the most common, and involvement of the middle cerebral artery, sudden onset of clinical manifestation with seizures and motor disability were more common in early aged children. Motor sequelae predominated in the follow-up of these children.

3457 downloads

10.

A pilot study of topiramate in children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
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GUERREIRO, MARILISA M.

; MANREZA, MARIA LUIZA G.

; SCOTONI, ANNA ELISA

; SILVA, E.A.

; GUERREIRO, CARLOS A. M.

; SOUZA, E.A.P.

; FERREIRA, V.B.

; REED, UMBERTINA C.

; DIAMENT, ARON

; TREFIGLIO, R.

; CHIU, H.C.

; BACALTCHUK, J.

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jun 1999, Volume 57 N. 2A Pages 167 - 175

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Realizamos estudo aberto, de adição do topiramato (TPM) como medicação adjuvante no tratamento da síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut (SLG), com a finalidade de verificar a eficácia e a segurança de avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) no uso crônico do TPM. Estudamos 19 pacientes (11 do sexo masculino; idade entre 4 e 14 anos) com epilepsia de difícil controle e em uso de 2 a 3 drogas anti-epilépticas. Os pacientes foram seguidos por 36 meses. Um questionário foi aplicado aos pais para se avaliar QV. Sete crianças completaram o estudo. A frequência de crises foi reduzida em mais de 75% em 4 e em menos de 50% em 3 delas. Dois pacientes ficaram sem crises. A maioria dos efeitos colaterais relacionou-se ao sistema nervoso central, sendo sonolência e anorexia os mais frequentes e transitórios. Um paciente foi excluído do estudo por apresentar pó na urina. Nenhuma criança necessitou de hospitalização. Aos 36 meses, os pacientes encontravam-se mais alertas (2/7), e houve melhora na interação com o meio ambiente (5/7), na habilidade em realizar tarefas diárias (5/7) e na performance verbal (6/7). Concluímos que o TPM pode ser útil como terapia adjuvante na SLG. A eficácia manteve-se no tratamento a longo prazo em mais de 40% dos pacientes, a segurança foi confirmada e a QV melhorou com o uso do TPM.

We conducted an open, add-on study with topiramate (TPM) as adjunctive therapy in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), to assess the long-term efficacy and safety and to evaluate quality of life (QL) measurements in the chronic use of TPM. We studied 19 patients (11 male; age ranging from 4 to 14 years) with uncontrolled seizures receiving 2-3 anti-epileptic drugs. Patients were followed up to 36 months of treatment. A questionnaire was used to query parents about QL. Seven patients completed the study at 36 months and seizure frequency was reduced > 75% in 4, and < 50% in 3 patients. Two children became seizure free for more than 24 months. Most side effects were CNS related, with the most frequent being somnolence and anorexia. These were generally transient. One patient dropped-out due to powder in the urine. None of the patients required hospitalization. At 36 months, patients' alertness (2/7), interaction with environment (5/7), ability to perform daily activities (5/7), and verbal performance (6/7) improved on TPM. We conclude that TPM may be useful as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of LGS. The efficacy of TPM was maintained in long-term treatment in more than 40% of patients, long term safety was confirmed and QL improved on TPM.

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11.

Anti-HCV related to HCV PCR and risk factors analysis in a blood donor population of Central Brazil
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Martins, R. M. B.

; Vanderborght, B. O. M.

; Rouzere, C. D.

; Santana, C. L.

; Santos, C. O.

; Mori, D. N.

; Ferreira, R. G.

; Yoshida, C. F. T.

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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dec 1994, Volume 36 N. 6 Pages 501 - 506

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Ainda são raros os dados sobre a infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C (HCV) na região central do Brasil. Neste estudo, 2.350 doadores voluntários de sangue foram avaliados, resultando em prevalências para o anti-HCV de 2,2%, pelo ELISA de segunda geração, e de 1,4%, após o ensaio confirmatório "line immunoassay". Anticorpos contra os antígenos "core", NS4 e NS5 do HCV foram detectados em 81,8%, 72,7% e 57,5% das amostras positivas no "line immunoassay", respectivamente. A viremia do HCV foi observada em 76,6% dos doadores anti-HCV positivos. A positividade na reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) mostrou-se relacionada a reatividade aos diferentes antígenos do HCV no "line immunoassay". A maioria dos doadores positivos tiveram história prévia de exposição parenteral. A combinação de ALT> 50 UI/l e positividade ao anti-HBc parece não ser eficaz como marcadores indiretos para a infecção pelo HCV, entretanto a dosagem do ALT e a detecção de anti-HCV são indicadas na triagem de doadores de sangue brasileiros.

Data concerning HCV infection in Central Brazil are rare. Upon testing 2,350 voluntary blood donors from this region, we found anti-HCV prevalence rates of 2.2% by a second generation ELISA and 1.4% after confirmation by a line immunoassay. Antibodies against core, NS4, and NS5 antigens of HCV were detected in 81.8%, 72.7%, and 57.5%, respectively, of the positive samples in the line immunoassay. HCV viremia was present in 76.6% of the anti-HCV-positive blood donors. A relation was observed between PCR positivity and serum reactivity in recognizing different HCV antigens in the line immunoassay. The majority of the positive donors had history of previous parenteral exposure. While the combination of ALT>50 IU/l and anti-HBc positivity do not appear to be good surrogate markers for HCV infection, the use of both ALT anti-HCV tests is indicated in the screening of Brazilian blood donors.

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12.

Aspectos da padronização de testes sorológicos para a doença de Chagas: um teste imunoenzimático para a triagem de doadores de sangue
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Ferreira, A. Walter

; Belem, Zila R.

; Moura, M. Emilia G.

; Camargo, M. E.

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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apr 1991, Volume 33 N. 2 Pages 123 - 128

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

No diagnóstico sorológico da doença de Chagas podem ser encontradas acentuadas divergências mesmo entre laboratórios de grande experiência. Para a padronização de um teste imunoenzimático destinado primariamente à seleção de doadores de sangue foram cuidadosamente escolhidos painéis de soros que se buscaram como representativos das populações de chagásicos e de não chagásicos. Produzido para máxima sensibilidade e estabilidade, o novo reagente (bioELISA - cruzi<A NAME="tx01"></A><A HREF="#nt">*</A>) foi testado em 1648 soros, com diagnóstico clínico de doença de Chagas em 219 e de outras afecções em 104. O teste foi comparado com testes já bem padronizados, de imunofluorescência (IF) e de hemaglutinação (HA), em 1325 soros. O limiar de reatividade (cut off), estabelecido como ideal, foi indicado nos testes pela absorbância de um soro de reatividade mínima. A sensibilidade do teste imunoenzimático foi de 0,9954 e a especificidade, como conegatividade, de 0,9969. Não foram vistos resultados falso-positivos em casos de sífilis, toxoplasmose, mononucleose e de soros com altos títulos de anti-estreptolisina 0, mas foram encontrados em 5 de 15 casos de leishmaniose tegumentar, 10 de 24 casos de calazar, 1 de 15 casos de artrite reumatóide e 1 de 12 casos de lupus eritematoso sistêmico. Os altos índices de sensibilidade em chagásicos e de especificidade na população geral, traduzem a elevada confiabilidade do teste para triagem de doadores de sangue e para a confirmação de suspeita clínica de doença de Chagas.

In the serological diagnosis of Chagas disease large divergences may be found even between laboratories with experience, as a consequence of different criteria for the standardization of the tests. To standardize a immunoenzimatic test developed primarily for screening blood donors, serum panels were carefully chosen so as to best represent chagasic and non-chagasic populations. Produced for the highest sensibility and stability, the new reagent (bioELISA cruzi, Biolab Diagnóstica S/A, Brasil), was tested in serum from 1648 patients 219 with Chagas disease and 104 with other diseases, plus a comparison with well standardized immunofluorescence and hemagglutination tests in 1325 sera. In the immunoenzimatic assays, the cut off was indicated by the absorbance value of a chagasic serum showing a minimal reactivity. ELISA sensibility was 0,9954 and specificity 0,9969, as conegativity. False positive results were absent with sera from sifilis, toxoplasmosis, mononucleosis and high titered sera for antistreptolysin 0 antibodies. However they were seen in 5 to 15 cases of tegu-mentar leishmaniosis, 1 of 12 Kala-azar 1 of 15 reumatoid arthritis and 1 of 12 sistemic lupus erythematosus. The high sensibility in chagasics and high specificity in the general population indicate the confiability of the imunoenzimatic assay for screening blood donors and even to confirm a clinical diagnosis of Chagas' disease.

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