RESUMEN La coledocolitiasis es una patología obstructiva frecuente de las vías biliares, pudiendo llevar a una serie de síntomas y complicaciones. Presentamos una paciente femenina, de 64 años con antecedente de co- lecistectomía 30 años antes, que acude con dolor epigástrico de 6 días de evolución, ictericia, coluria y acolia. Al ingreso se diagnostica por colangioresonancia, ictericia obstructiva de etiología litiásica. El cuadro no pudo resolverse por colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica y se resuelve por vía laparoscópica.

ABSTRACT Choledocholitiasis is a common obstructive pathology of the bile ducts, which can lead to a series of symptoms and complications. We present a 64-year-old female patient, with a history of cholecystectomy 30 years ago, who presented with epigastric pain, jaundice, choluria and acholia for six days. Upon admission obstructive jaundice related to gallstones was diagnosed by MRCP. The condition could not be resolved by ERCP and was resolved with a laparoscopic approach.

Progenesis QI (PQI) is a multiplatform bioinformatics tool that facilitates the identification workflow for metabolomics experiments. PQI uses fragmentation data provided by MassBank of North America (MoNA) libraries, among others, for metabolite annotation. However, PQI does not officially support MoNA libraries and other libraries based on structure-data files (.sdf). This paper describes the development and application of a software named MoNA to Progenesis QI Library Converter, allowing PQI and MoNA by correcting the fragmentation data of the library for Progenesis readability. We evaluated several public experimental datasets, including human plasma, plant extracts, cultured cells, bacteria, rat serum, and rat hippocampus. The results showed that it is mandatory to proceed with file conversion of each library to allow PQI to access fragmentation information from .msp (main spectra profile) files. This step is highly recommended to improve the identification level of the metabolites.

ABSTRACT Isolated gallbladder perforation due to penetrating abdominal trauma is a rare event due to its anatomical location. The signs and symptoms suggestive of choleperitoneum may not be obvious within the first few hours following the event. This is the case of a 26-year-old man with penetrating abdominal trauma due to bladed weapon used by some individual with isolated gallbladder perforation. Keywords: gallbladder perforation, biliary peritonitis, penetrating abdominal trauma

RESUMEN La perforación vesicular aislada posterior a un traumatismo penetrante de abdomen es un evento infrecuente debido a la situación anatómica de la misma. Los signos y síntomas de un coleperitoneo pueden no ser evidentes en las primeras horas a días del evento. Este es el caso de un paciente de 26 años que, tras traumatismo abdominal por arma blanca por agresión de terceros, presenta perforación aislada de la vesícula biliar.

RESUMO O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da dose e do manejo de aplicação de cinzas de madeira nos atributos de qualidade do solo em uma área de Cerrado cultivada com Urochloa brizantha. O experimento foi realizado em blocos casualizados, no esquema em faixas 5 × 2 e quatro repetições. As doses de cinzas foram de 0, 8, 16, 24 e 32 t ha-1, e o manejo de aplicação considerou cinza de madeira incorporada e não incorporada ao solo. Os valores de P, K e pH do solo aumentaram com o aumento das doses de cinza de madeira. A densidade do solo diminuiu 9,66% com as doses de cinzas de madeira de 24 e 32 t ha-1 incorporadas ao solo. Devido ao aumento do pH do solo, dose de cinzas de madeira maior que 16 t ha-1 diminuiu a atividade enzimática. Uma dose de cinza de madeira de 24 t ha-1 resultou em melhores condições para o solo, melhorando sua qualidade e contribuindo para o equilíbrio e a dinâmica entre os atributos químicos, físicos e biológicos do solo, o que levou à redução da densidade e maior disponibilidade de P no solo.

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the effect of wood ash dose and application management on soil quality attributes in a Cerrado area cultivated with Urochloa brizantha. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a 5 × 2 strip-plot scheme and four repetitions. The ash doses were 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 t ha-1, and the application management considered wood ash that is incorporated and not incorporated into the soil. The P, K, and pH values of the soil increased with an increase in the doses of wood ash. The soil bulk density decreased by 9.66% with the wood ash doses of 24 and 32 t ha-1 incorporated into the soil. Owing to an increase in the soil pH, a wood ash dose of greater than 16 t ha-1 decreased the enzymatic activity. A wood ash dose of 24 t ha-1 resulted in better conditions for the soil, improving its quality and contributing to the balance and dynamics between the chemical, physical, and biological attributes of the soil, which led to the reduced density and greater availability of P in the soil.

RESUMO A compactação do solo é um problema recorrente na agricultura, levando à redução da produtividade das culturas. Diante disso, a aplicação de resíduo agroindustrial da queima de biomassa vegetal pode melhorar as propriedades químicas e físicas do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento do capim paiaguás sob diferentes densidades do solo e doses de cinzas vegetal. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 × 5, composto por cinco valores de compactação do solo (1,0, 1,2, 1,4, 1,6 e 1,8 Mg m-3) e cinco doses de cinza vegetal (0, 8, 16, 24, 32 g dm-3), com quatro repetições. Densidades do solo acima de 1,2 Mg m-3 reduzem a massa seca do capim paiaguás. A dose de cinza de madeira de 20,42 g dm-3 apresenta o maior valor de massa seca da parte aérea. O crescimento da raiz é maior na dose de cinza de madeira de 16,52 g dm-3.

ABSTRACT Soil compaction is a recurring problem in agriculture that ultimately leads to a reduction in crop productivity. However, the application of agro-industrial residues from the burning of plant biomass can improve the chemical and physical properties of soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of Paiaguás grass under different soil densities and wood ash doses. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, under a 5 × 5 factorial scheme, with five soil compaction values (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 Mg m-3) and five doses of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 g dm-3), with four replicates. A soil density greater than 1.2 Mg m-3 reduced the dry mass of Paiaguás grass. The wood ash dose of 20.42 g dm-3 led to the highest shoot dry mass. Root growth was highest at a wood ash dose of 16.52 g dm-3.

Aim To assess oral microbial status in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and to unravel possible associations between nosocomial pathogens and the establishment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (CIOM). Methods Oral mucosa, saliva, and peripheral blood samples were collected from 46 ALL subjects one day prior to chemotherapy (D0) and 2 weeks after treatment initiation (D14). Clinical intraoral inspection was performed by a single practitioner, with mucositis classification performed according to the WHO oral toxicity scale. Blood components were quantified by automatic flow cytometry, while oral Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction with species-specific primers. Associations among bacteria and clinical findings were determined by Fisher’s Exact test, longitudinal bacterial changes by paired Macnemar, and correlations among blood parameters and mucositis status or bacteria via Mann-Whitney. Results S. aureus displayed higher detection rates at D14 (p < 0.05) and was positively associated with mucositis, adoption of a non-solid diet (all p < 0.001), nausea and fever (all p < 0.05). Conversely, P. aeruginosa did not correlate to CIOM clinical parameters. At the systemic standpoint, lower hemoglobin levels associated with CIOM and fever events (all p < 0.01). Conclusion The study evidences S. aureus as a potential pathogen in ALL-CIOM, reaffirming microbial control as an important preventive measure during high-dose immunosuppressive therapy. The weight of non-white-blood-cell parameters should be validated as novel CIOM biomarkers in prospective research.

The effect of heat treatment on hydrogen diffusion and trapping on the API 5CT P110 steel was investigated trough electrochemical permeation tests and microstructural analysis techniques. Samples of as-received steel were tempered at different temperatures to obtain hydrogen permeation and trapping parameters and to characterize microstructural modifications that may alter these parameters. After permeation tests on each heat-treatment condition were verified changes on hydrogen kinetic parameters. Microstructural analysis revelated changes in dislocations density and volumetric fraction of titanium carbides, responsible to alterations in diffusivity, solubility and in hydrogen trapping characteristics. As these carbides are considered irreversible hydrogen traps, are beneficial because they become the steels less susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. Therefore, the results suggest that there is an optimal tempering temperature which can make the API 5CT P110 steel more resistant against hydrogen embrittlement, since promote the formation of a higher number of irreversible hydrogen traps. CT P P11 techniques asreceived as received heattreatment diffusivity characteristics traps embrittlement Therefore P1

Resumo Além de criar paisagens cênicas e embelezar áreas urbanas, o cultivo de árvores em áreas urbanas pode beneficiar os ecossistemas e melhorar a sustentabilidade das cidades. Além de algumas indicações de espécies adequadas para uso em vias públicas, existem poucos estudos e conhecimentos sobre o comportamento das espécies nativas e usos para este fim. Desta forma, o objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho de algumas espécies nativas na arborização urbana de vias públicas. As espécies a serem avaliadas foram selecionadas considerando características como ocorrência (bioma e região), altura (tamanho médio ou alto), taxa de crescimento (moderado a rápido) e floração (estação e cor) sendo ao final foram selecionadas 11 espécies. As espécies Senna macranthera, Andira fraxinifolia, Pterocarpus violaceus, Cordia superba, Jacaranda cuspidifolia, Peltophorum dubium, Inga vera, Inga edulis, Senna multijuga, Handroanthus impetiginosus e Stifftia chrysantha foram plantadas em via pública em Lavras-MG, Brasil (Bioma: Mata Atlântica) e avaliados observando a sobrevivência inicial, taxa de crescimento, copa, diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP) e ocorrência de danos e doenças. Em relação às espécies testadas, A. fraxinifolia e S. macranthera apresentaram baixa sobrevivência após o plantio (10 meses) e precisaram ser substituídas por outras espécies. Handroanthus impetiginosus e P. violaceus apresentaram o melhor desempenho, com boa taxa de crescimento, seguidos por J. cuspidifolia, I. vera e I. edulis.

Abstract In addition to creating scenic landscapes and beautifying urban areas, the cultivation of trees in urban areas can benefit ecosystems and improve cities sustainability. Besides some indications of adequate species for use in public pathways, there are few studies and knowledge regarding the native species behavior and uses for this purpose. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of some native species in urban afforestation of public pathways. Species to be evaluated were selected considering characteristics such as occurrence (biome and region), height (medium or high size), growth rate (moderate to fast), and flowering (season and color) and at the end, 11 species were selected. The species Senna macranthera, Andira fraxinifolia, Pterocarpus violaceus, Cordia superba, Jacaranda cuspidifolia, Peltophorum dubium, Inga vera, Inga edulis, Senna multijuga, Handroanthus impetiginosus and Stifftia chrysantha were planted on a public pathway at Lavras-MG, Brazil (Biome: Mata Atlântica) and evaluated observing the initial survival, growth rate, canopy, diameter at breast height (DBH) and occurrence of damage and disease. Concerning the tested species, A. fraxinifolia and S. macranthera exhibited low survival after planting (10 months) and must be replaced for other species. Handroanthus impetiginosus and P. violaceus exhibited the best performance, presenting a good growth rate, followed by J. cuspidifolia, I. vera, and I. edulis.

Resumo Moscas necrófagas possuem grande importância para a sanidade humana e animal. Onde estas se desenvolvem ocorrem parasitoides que podem ser utilizados como ferramentas para o controle desses dípteros. No Brasil, a fauna desses parasitoides vem sendo investigada em algumas regiões e no Rio Grande do Sul é conhecida a ocorrência de apenas uma espécie. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi criar a primeira lista de espécies de parasitoides de moscas de importância médica e veterinária ocorrentes no extremo sul do Brasil. As coletas foram realizadas no município de Pelotas (31º 42’ S; 52º 18’ O). Foram montadas três réplicas de bandejas contendo, cada uma, 500 g de fígado bovino, expostas ao ar livre durante 20 dias. Na sequência, as pupas foram individualizadas e observadas até a emergência. Foram identificados 4.882 adultos pertencentes às famílias Calliphoridae, Fanniidae, Muscidae e Sarcophagidae. Emergiram 4.040 parasitoides, pertencentes a oito espécies, das quais Nasonia vitripennis, Spalangia cameroni, Spalangia chontalensis e Tachinephagus zealandicus são novas ocorrências para o Rio Grande do Sul. Foram coletadas três espécies ainda não descritas do gênero Aphaereta. Apesar de ainda ser um primeiro esforço de inventariar a fauna de himenópteros parasitoides, este estudo pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de programas de manejos desses dípteros na região.

Abstract Necrophagous flies are of great importance for human and animal health. In places where their development occurs, parasitoids can be used as a tool to control these dipterans. In Brazil, the fauna of these parasitoids has been investigated in some regions. However, in Rio Grande do Sul, it is known the occurrence of only one species. Thus, this study aimed to create the first list of parasitoids in flies of medical and veterinary importance in Southern Brazil. Collections took place in the municipality of Pelotas (31º 42’ S; 52º 18’ W). Three replicates consisting of a 500 g bovine liver chunk placed in a tray were exposed to open air for 20 days. Then pupae were individualized and observed until their emergence. We identified 4,882 adult flies of Calliphoridae, Fanniidae, Muscidae, and Sarcophagidae. 4,040 parasitoids emerged, belonging to eight species, of which Nasonia vitripennis, Spalangia cameroni, Spalangia chontalensis, and Tachinephagus zealandicus are new records in Rio Grande do Sul state. Also, three undescribed species of the genus Aphaereta were collected. In spite of being the first attempt to inventory the fauna of hymenopteran parasitoids, this study may help in the development of management programs of these dipterans in the region.

RESUMO OBJETIVO O presente estudo objetivou examinar a composição corporal dos corredores de ultra-trail (UTR) e, adicionalmente, comparar dois grupos de acordo com o nível de participação (Regional vs. Nacional, respectivamente UTR-R e UTR-N). MÉTODOS A amostra foi composta por 44 corredores adultos masculinos (36,5±7,2 anos de idade; UTR-R: n=25; UTR-N: n=19). A composição corporal foi avaliada recorrendo à pletismografia de ar deslocado, bioimpedância elétrica e absorciometria de raios X de dupla energia. Adicionalmente, foi utilizado o Questionário de Frequência Alimentar. A comparação entre grupos foi realizada com base na prova t-student para amostras independentes. RESULTADOS Foram encontradas diferenças significativas por nível de competição para as seguintes variáveis dependentes: idade cronológica (em anos; UTR-R: 38,8±8,2 vs. UTR-N: 33,5±4,1); densidade corporal (em kg/L; UTR-R: 1,062±0,015 L/kg vs. UTR-N: 1,074±0,009); massa gorda (em kg; UTR-R: 12,7±6,8 kg vs. UTR-N: 7,6±2,7). CONCLUSÃO Os UTR-N tendem a ser mais jovens e apresentam valores superiores de densidade corporal e, consequentemente, valores menores de massa gorda, sendo a massa isenta de gordura semelhante entre os grupos. O presente estudo determinou o perfil dos corredores adultos masculinos de longa distância (ultra-trail), realçando a importância de uma cuidadosa regulação da massa corporal.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to examine the body composition of adult male ultra-trail runners (UTR) according to their level of participation (regional UTR-R, vs. national UTR-N). METHODS The sample was composed of 44 adult male UTR (aged 36.5±7.2 years; UTR-R: n=25; UTR-N: n=19). Body composition was assessed by air displacement plethysmography, bioelectrical impedance, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In addition, the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was applied. A comparison between the groups was performed using independent samples t-test. RESULTS Significant differences between groups contrasting in the competitive level were found for chronological age (in years; UTR-R: 38.8±8.2 vs. UTR-N: 33.5±4.1); body density (in L.kg-1; UTR-R: 1.062±0.015 vs. UTR-N: 1.074±0.009); and fat mass (in kg; UTR-R: 12.7±6.8 vs. UTR-N: 7.6±2.7). CONCLUSION UTR-N were younger, presented higher values for body density, and had less fat mass, although no significant differences were found for fat-free mass. The current study evidenced the profile of long-distance runners and the need for weight management programs to regulate body composition.

Abstract Stresses can be caused by multiple biotic and abiotic factors and their effects can affect both the biology and the immune system of insects. American cockroach – Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Blattaria: Blattidae) –besides being an excellent model species, has great medical importance because it can act as a mechanical vector of several pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of starvation, dehydration and both stresses on weight, and total and differential haemocyte count in P. americana adults. Each specimen was isolated in glass flasks containing or not food and/or water. They were weighed periodically. Another group received water for 24 h after the end of stress period. In the immunologic bioassay, we counted their haemocytes after the final weighing. All stresses reduced the insect weight, especially when the stresses were combined. Females of the control group gained weight and males had it unaltered. Different stress conditions and time did not influence on total haemocyte count. Insects without food and water had the proportion of prohaemocytes increased and plasmatocytes decreased. This study can serve as a basis of further studies of bioecology, behaviour and the ability of resisting insecticides, besides serving as a model to studies in other insect species.

Resumo Os estresses podem ser causados por múltiplos fatores bióticos e abióticos e seus efeitos podem afetar tanto a biologia como o sistema imune dos insetos. A barata-americana – Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Blattaria: Blattidae) – além de ser uma excelente espécie modelo, tem grande importância médica, pois pode atuar como vetor mecânico de diversos patógenos. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência da inanição, desidratação e ambos os estresses sobre o peso e o número total e diferencial de hemócitos em adultos de P. americana. Cada espécime foi isolado em frascos de vidro contendo ou não alimento e/ou água. Eles foram pesados periodicamente. Outro grupo recebeu água por 24 h após o término do período de estresse. Nos ensaios imunológicos, foram contados os seus hemócitos após a última pesagem. Todos os estresses reduziram o peso dos insetos, especialmente quando os estresses foram combinados. As fêmeas do grupo controle ganharam peso e os machos tiveram seu peso inalterado. As diferentes condições de estresse e tempo não influenciaram no número total de hemócitos. Os insetos sem alimento e água tiveram a proporção de pró-hemócitos aumentada e a de plasmatócitos reduzida. Esse estudo pode servir como base para estudos posteriores de bioecologia, comportamento e da habilidade de resistir aos inseticidas químicos, além de servir como modelo para estudos em outras espécies de insetos.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever e comparar indicadores de aptidão metabólica em corredores de trilhas de longa distância (ultra trail running) adultos do sexo masculino, de acordo com o nível de competição (regional ou nacional). Métodos Foram avaliados 44 corredores masculinos com média de idade de 36,5±7,2 anos classificados como de nível regional (n=25) ou nacional (n=19). Foi utilizado o teste de Wingate para avaliação da via anaeróbica, enquanto o teste incremental de corrida em esteira também foi realizado para determinar os limiares ventilatórios, o consumo máximo de oxigênio, a frequência cardíaca e a concentração de lactato ao final do protocolo. A comparação entre os grupos foi realizada por estatística teste t para amostras independentes. Resultados As variáveis obtidas do teste Wingate não diferiram de forma significativa entre os grupos. No que diz respeito à aptidão aeróbica, foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre variáveis expressas em valores absolutos no segundo limiar ventilatório (corredores de nível regional: 3,78±0,32L.min-1; corredores de nível nacional: 4,03±0,40L.min-1; p<0,05). Quando considerados os valores expressos por unidade de massa corporal, o segundo limiar ventilatório (corredores de nível regional: 50,75±6,23mL.kg-1.min-1; corredores de nível nacional: 57,88±4,64mL.kg-1.min-1; p<0,05) e o volume máximo de oxigênio (corredores de nível regional: 57,33±7,66mL.kg-1.min-1; corredores de nível nacional: 63,39±4,26mL.kg-1.min-1; p<0,05) também diferiram de forma significativa. Conclusão Este estudo destacou a importância de se expressarem variáveis fisiológicas derivadas de protocolos de corrida por unidade de massa corporal. Além disso, o segundo limiar ventilatório pareceu ser o melhor e único indicador de aptidão aeróbica para a diferenciação de corredores de trilha de longa distância, segundo o nível competitivo. O consumo máximo de oxigênio não é especialmente relevante para distinguir os corredores de trilha de longa distância, segundo o nível competitivo.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe and identify the importance of different indicators of the aerobic and anaerobic fitness of male ultra-trail runners according to their level of participation (regional or national). Methods Forty-four male ultra-trail runners were assessed (36.5±7.2 years). They were classified as regional (n=25) and national (n=19). Wingate test was used to assess the anaerobic pathway. A progressive incremental running test was performed and ventilatory thresholds registered, in parallel to heart rate and lactate concentration at the end of the protocol. Comparison between groups was performed using independent samples t-test. Results No significant differences were found between outputs derived from Wingate test. For aerobic fitness, while examining absolute values, differences were uniquely significant for the second ventilatory threshold (ultra-trail regional runners: 3.78±0.32L.min-1; ultra-trail national runners: 4.03±0.40L.min-1 p<0.05). Meantime, when aerobic fitness was expressed per unit of body mass, differences were significant for the second ventilatory threshold (ultra-trail regional runners: 50.75±6.23mL.kg-1.min-1; ultra-trail national runners: 57.88±4.64mL.kg-1.min-1 p<0.05) and also maximum volume of oxygen (ultra-trail regional runners: 57.33±7.66mL.kg-1.min-1; ultra-trail national runners: 63.39±4.26mL.kg-1.min-1 p<0.05). Conclusion This study emphasized the importance of expressing physiological variables derived from running protocols per unit of body mass. Also, the second ventilatory threshold appears to be the best and the only aerobic fitness variable to distinguish between trail runners according to competitive level. Maximal oxygen uptake seems of relative interest to distinguish between long distance runners according to competitive level.

Abstract To improve the beam brightness produced in the 12 MeV Van de Graaff linear accelerator at Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares we studied the beam generation inside the ion source. New 3D particle tracking simulations have been compared with measurements, and the agreement is better than using the traditional approach of only accounting for the primary beam. Among the results, it was observed that the main limit in the generation of intense beams is the suppression of the Cesium production due to space charge on the surface of the ionizers. In addition, the beam dynamics variation due to the erosion of the target inside the cathode has been determined. All these results allow us to find the optimal combinations for beam extraction.

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the physical properties of the wood of Pinus taeda L. of the Pedro Juan Caballero District, Paraguay. For this purpose, six 25-year-old pine trees were randomly selected in a 3.5 hectare stand. According to the 458, 460, 461 and 462 COPANT standards, 5 cm thick discs were removed at three different heights (lower, middle and upper section) from each tree. From them, scantlings were extracted to determine basic density, moisture content and dimensional variability, i.e. tangential, radial, longitudinal and volumetric contractions. The former did not vary among the lower, middle and upper sections showing mean values of 0.626, 0.625 and 0.630 g/cm-3; the mean moisture content was of 70.3 %. The values for their tangential, radial, longitudinal and volumetric contractions were 6.41 %, 5.99 %, 0.51 % and 12.5 % respectively. According to the results obtained for the basic density of the 25-year-old Pinus taeda L., it is classified as a heavy, highly workable ideal for structural use.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las propiedades físicas de la madera Pinus taeda L., en el Distrito de Pedro Juan Caballero, Paraguay. Para tal efecto fueron apeados de forma aleatoria seis árboles de pino de 25 años de edad en un rodal de 3,5 hectáreas. De acuerdo a la norma COPANT (458, 460, 461, 462), de cada árbol fueron retirados discos de 5 cm de espesor a tres alturas (sección inferior, medio y superior). De cada disco de madera se extrajeron cuartones para determinar la densidad básica y probetas para determinar el contenido de humedad y la variabilidad dimensional: contracciones tangencial, radial, longitudinal, y volumétrica. La densidad básica no varió entre las secciones inferior, media y superior, presentando valores promedios de 0,626, 0,625 y 0,630 g/cm-3, y el contenido de humedad promedio resultó en 70,3 %. Los valores de contracción tangencial, radial, longitudinal y volumétrica fueron de 6,41 %, 5,99 %, 0,51 % y 12,5 %, respectivamente. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos de densidad básica de Pinus taeda L. de 25 años, la misma se clasifica como madera pesada, de buena trabajabilidad, ideal para uso estructural.