SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed malignant neoplasm in the world and the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality. The loss of muscle mass in oncological patients is the main aspect of cancer-related malnutrition. Associations between sarcopenia and poor outcomes, such as high postoperative mortality, chemotherapy toxicity, and reduced survival, have been recently described. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the prevalence of preoperative sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer using validated methods to evaluate muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance. METHODOLOGY: This study included patients with colorectal cancer undergoing oncological staging at a Cancer Center in Brazil from May 2019 to March 2020 who had images from abdominal computed tomography available for analysis of body composition. The muscle strength test, physical performance, referred fatigue, and clinical and nutritional data were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 31 patients were included, and most were diagnosed with colon cancer (77.4%) and clinical stage II in 41.9% of cases. The prevalence of probable sarcopenia was 22.6%; of these patients, sarcopenia was confirmed in 19.4%, and ultimately, 9.7% of the sample was classified as severe sarcopenia. We did not find a significant association between the presence of sarcopenia in our sample and age, sex, tumor staging, nutritional characteristics, referred patient fatigue, or postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: Considering the criteria established by the EWGSOP, the prevalence of preoperative sarcopenia in colorectal cancer patients was 19.4%.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the perinatal outcomes of pregnancies with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on information contained in the medical records of pregnant women whose fetuses had been prenatally diagnosed with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Sample analysis was based on 21 singleton pregnancies with confirmed isolated fetal congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations. The mean maternal±standard deviation age was 28±7.7 years. Types I, II, and III congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation were detected in 19% (4/21), 52.4% (11/21), and 28.6% (6/21), respectively. All fetuses presented with unilateral congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (21/21) without associated anomalies, and 52.3% (11/21) were in the right lung. In total, 33.3% (7/21) of fetuses presented a “congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation volume ratio” >1.6 and were managed with maternal betamethasone administration. The mean gestational age at the time of steroid administration was 28.5±0.9 weeks, with a reduction in the lesion dimensions of 9.5% (2/21) (Types I and III of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation). The mean gestational age at delivery was 38.7±2.4 weeks, and a cesarean section was performed in 76.2% (16/21) cases. Postsurgical resection was necessary for 23.8% (5/21) of the patients, and 4.7% (1/21) of them died because of respiratory complications after surgery. Pulmonary hypoplasia occurred in 9.5% (2/21) of the patients, and 4.7% (1/21) of them died because of respiratory insufficiency. The survival rate was 90.5% (19/21), and 57.2% (12/21) remained asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Despite the isolated prenatal diagnosis of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, which showed good survival, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is associated with significant perinatal morbidity. Maternal betamethasone administration did not significantly reduce fetal lung lesion dimensions.

Resumen Objetivo. Analizar las estrategias de cuidado del adolescente usuario de crack en tratamiento. Métodos. Estudio con abordaje cualitativo de tipo descriptivo. Los participantes fueron 20 profesionales de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial Alcohol y Drogas y 10 profesionales de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial Infanto-Juvenil de un municipio del interior de Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). La recolección de la información se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y los datos se sometieron a análisis temático. Resultados. Se identificó el desarrollo de estrategias en cuatro ámbitos: actividades atractivas en los servicios especializados, la construcción de vínculos entre el equipo de salud y el adolescente, la inclusión de la familia en el cuidado, y el trabajo intersectorial. Conclusión. Las estrategias de cuidado, direccionadas a cubrir las necesidades de los adolescentes, contribuyeron a una mejor adhesión al tratamiento y a la reinserción social.

Abstract Objective. To analyze the care strategies of the adolescent crack user under treatment. Methods. Study of qualitative approach of descriptive type. The participants were 20 professionals from the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas (Center for Psychosocial Care Alcohol and Drugs) and 10 professionals from the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-juvenil (Center for Child Psychosocial Care) in a municipality in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews and the data were submitted to Thematic Analysis. Results. It was identified the development of strategies in four scopes: attractive activities in specialized services, the building of bonds between the team and the adolescent, the inclusion of family in the care and the intersectoral work. Conclusion. Care strategies, directed to and that address the needs of adolescents, contribute to better adherence to treatment and social reintegration.

Resumo. Objetivo. Analisar as estratégias de cuidado do adolescente usuário de crack em tratamento. Métodos. Estudo com abordagem qualitativo de tipo descritivo. Os participantes foram 20 profissionais de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas e 10 profissionais de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenil de um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). A recolecção da informação se realizou por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e os dados se submeteram a análise temática. Resultados. Se identificou o desenvolvimento de estratégias em quatro aspectos: atividades atrativas nos serviços especializados, a construção de vínculos entre a equipe de saúde e o adolescente, a inclusão da família no cuidado, e o trabalho inter-setorial. Conclusão. As estratégias de cuidado, direcionadas a cobrir as necessidades dos adolescentes, contribuíram a uma melhor adesão ao tratamento e à reinserção social.

ABSTRACT Objective to know the social support network used by the family to care for children with cerebral palsy. Method this qualitative and descriptive research was conducted with twelve mothers of children with cerebral palsy assisted at a pediatric unit of a University Hospital in Rio Grande. Data were collected in August and September 2018 through semi-structured interviews and submitted to thematic analysis. Results we identified the social support network consisting of family, friends, neighbors, health professionals, and faith in God. Mothers were protagonists of care and some received no support for childcare. Conclusion the social support network contributed to overcome family difficulties and childcare, being a source of emotional, financial support, help with transportation, medicine, and guidance from health/nursing professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivo conocer la red de apoyo social utilizada por la familia para cuidar a niños con parálisis cerebral. Método investigación cualitativa, descriptiva, realizada con doce madres de niños con parálisis cerebral atendidas en una unidad de pediatría de un Hospital Universitario de Río Grande. Los datos se recopilaron en agosto y septiembre de 2018 a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y se sometieron a análisis temáticos. Resultados identificamos que la red de apoyo social estaba formada por familiares, amigos, vecinos, profesionales de la salud y fe en Dios. Las madres fueron protagonistas de la atención y algunas no recibieron apoyo para el cuidado de los niños. Conclusión la red de apoyo social contribuyó a superar las dificultades familiares y el cuidado de los niños, siendo una fuente de apoyo emocional y financiero, ayuda con el transporte, medicamentos y orientación de profesionales de la salud/enfermeros.

RESUMO Objetivo analisar a rede de apoio social utilizada pela família para cuidar a criança com paralisia cerebral. Método pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, realizada com 12 mães de crianças com paralisia cerebral atendidas em unidade de pediatria do Hospital Universitário de Rio Grande. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2018, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, e submetidos à análise temática. Resultados identificou-se a rede de apoio social formada pelos familiares, amigos, vizinhos, profissionais de saúde e ancorada pela fé em Deus. As mães foram protagonistas do cuidado e algumas não receberam nenhum tipo de apoio para os cuidados dos filhos. Conclusão a rede de apoio social contribuiu para a superação de dificuldades da família e para o cuidado da criança, sendo fonte de apoio emocional, financeiro, ajuda com o transporte, remédios e orientação dos profissionais de saúde/enfermagem.

Flunitrazepam (FNZ) é um sedativo benzodiazepínico prescrito para o tratamento da insônia em curto prazo. Entretanto, existe a preocupação com relação aos possíveis efeitos carcinogênicos ou genotóxicos causados por este fármaco. Então, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos citotóxicos, clastogênicos e aneugênicos do FNZ em células de hepatoma de Rattus norvegicus (HTC) in vitro e em células de medula óssea de ratos Wistar in vivo. Foram testadas as concentrações de 0,2, 1,0 e 10 μg/mL de FNZ pelo teste do micronúcleo com bloqueio de citocinese in vitro e 7, 15 e 30 μg/mL/kg de peso corpóreo para o teste de aberração cromossômica in vivo. Os resultados mostraram que as concentrações do benzodiazepínico testadas não foram citotóxicas, aneugênicas ou clastogênicas. Entretanto, considerando os efeitos adversos do uso deste benzodiazepínico, mais estudos são necessários.

Flunitrazepam (FNZ) is a sedative benzodiazepine prescribed for the short-term treatment of insomnia. However, there are concerns regarding possible carcinogenic or genotoxic effects of this medicine. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic, clastogenic and aneugenic effects of FNZ in hepatoma cells from Rattus norvegicus (HTC) in vitro and in bone marrow cells of Wistar rats in vivo. These effects were examined in vitro following treatment with 0.2, 1.0, 5.0 or 10 μg/mL FNZ using a micronucleus test with a cytokinesis block or in vivo using a chromosomal aberration test following treatment with 7, 15 or 30 μg/mL/kg body weight. The results showed that the benzodiazepine concentrations tested were not cytotoxic, aneugenic or clastogenic. However, considering the adverse effects of using this benzodiazepine, more studies are required.