RESUMO: Avaliou-se a composição química do colostro de ovinos Santa Inês, leite refrigerado (zero a 240 horas) e leite congelado por até 70 dias. Os resultados de composição química (gordura, proteína, caseína, lactose, extrato seco total e desengordurado) e contagem de células somáticas do colostro (CCS) foram apresentados de forma descritiva. Os resultados da composição química, CCS e da contagem bacteriana total (CBT) do leite refrigerado e congelado foram avaliados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As repetições foram os dias de coleta do leite e os tratamentos os tempos em que o leite foi refrigerado e congelado. A comparação das médias de qualidade do leite resfriado e congelado foi realizada pelo teste de Tukey, com probabilidade de 5,0 %. O colostro de ovinos Santa Inês apresentou alto teor de proteína e gordura, demonstrando ser uma grande fonte de nutrientes para a nutrição de cordeiros. O leite de ovelha Santa Inês pode ser armazenado sob refrigeração por até 240 horas sem alterações da composição química. O leite congelado de ovelhas Santa Inês pode ser armazenado por até 70 dias, contudo ocorre alteração da composição química, principalmente nos teores de gordura. A refrigeração e o congelamento são alternativas que agregam valor ao leite de ovelhas Santa Inês, porém, mais estudos com estes métodos de preservação, são necessários para maior garantia de qualidade.

ABSTRACT: The chemical composition of Santa Inês sheep colostrum was evaluated, as well as chilled milk (zero to 240 hours) and frozen milk for up to 70 days. Results of chemical composition (fat, protein, casein, lactose, total and degreased dry extract) and colostrum somatic cell count (SCC) were presented descriptively. The results of chemical composition and SCC and total bacterial count (TBC) of chilled and frozen milk were evaluated in a completely randomized design, the repetition of milk collection days and the treatments of the times when the milk was chilled and frozen. The comparison of the quality averages of chilled and frozen milk was performed by Tukey test, with a probability of 5.0 %. Santa Inês sheep colostrum showed high protein and fat content, demonstrating a high source of nutrients for lamb nutrition. Santa Inês sheep’s milk can be stored for up to 240 hours without changes in chemical quality. Frozen milk from Santa Inês ewes for up to 70 days minus fat content; however, this form of milk preservation is viable. Refrigeration and freezing are alternatives that add value to the milk of Santa Inês ewes, but studies with previous preservation methods are necessary for greater quality assurance.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate dry matter production, fermentative parameters, and nutritional value of the silage of corn intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in different forage systems and maturity stages, in the off-season. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with four replications, in a 5×3 factorial arrangement consisting of five forage systems: corn monocropped; Paiaguas palisadegrass monocropped; corn intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in the row, inter-row, and oversown; and three corn maturity stages (milky, soft dough, and hard dough with 80, 90, and 110 days after sowing, respectively). The results showed that the silage of corn intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in the row and inter-row at the hard dough stage presented greater productivity per area and better fermentative and nutritional characteristics. They can, therefore, be recommended as suitable sowing systems for silage production. Silages produced from intercropping systems proved to be an alternative feed supply technique, allowing the intensification of production systems, maximizing nutrient production per area, in a sustainable manner.

ABSTRACT. Jiggs bermudagrass has presented competitive production potential over other forages. However, there is a lack of information about the nutritional value of this forage with important relevance in ruminant nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the protein and carbohydrate fractionation of Jiggs bermudagrass in different seasons of the year under intermittent grazing by Holstein cows. The experiment was conducted during one year in a completely randomized design with nine replications and treatments consisted of the effect of four seasons: fall, winter, spring and summer. The results showed that there were seasonal variations in the fractions of proteins and carbohydrate, with the exception of the protein fraction B3. The better climatic conditions in spring and summer contributed to an increase in the protein fraction A and carbohydrate A+B1. The winter had a greater fraction C of protein and carbohydrate, reflecting the nutritive value of the forage. The use of irrigation during fall and winter had a positive effect on nitrogen fractions B1 and B2 and on non-fiber carbohydrates.

RESUMO. Objetivou-se avaliar a composição do leite e perfil metabólico de vacas da raça Holandesa em diferentes ordens de parto, no início, meio e fim de lactação. Foram utilizadas 110 vacas mantidas em sistema Free stal, recebendo a mesma dieta. Os animais foram agrupados de acordo com a ordem de parto em diferentes dias em lactação (DEL), início (1-90 DEL), meio (91-180 DEL) e fim de lactação (mais de 181 DEL), para a comparação da produção de leite, composição química do leite e perfil metabólico do sangue entre as ordens de parto dentro do mesmo período de lactação. Estes parâmetros também foram avaliados entre os períodos de lactação das vacas em diferentes ordens de parto. A ordem de parto, em nenhum estádio de lactação, influenciou a produção de leite por dia e o perfil bioquímico do sangue de vacas Holandesas que recebiam a mesma dieta. Entretanto, a ordem de parto em todos estádios de lactação influenciou a composição química do leite. A primeira, segunda, terceira e quarta ordem de parto em nenhum estádio de lactação influenciaram o perfil bioquímico do sangue de vacas Holandesas. Por outro lado, diferentes estádios de lactação influenciaram a produção e composição química do leite.

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate milk composition and metabolic profile of Holstein cows at different calving orders in the beginning, middle, and end of lactation. One hundred ten Holstein cows were housed in a free stall system receiving the same diet and were grouped according to calving order (first, second, third, and fourth calving) and days in milk (DIM): early (1-90 DIM), middle (91-180 DIM), and end of lactation (over 181 DIM) for comparing milk yield, milk composition, and blood metabolic profile between the calving orders within the same lactation period. These parameters were also evaluated between lactation periods of the cows in different calving orders. The calving order, in any lactation stage, had no influence on milk yield per day and blood biochemical profile of Holstein cows receiving the same diet. However, calving order in all stages of lactation influenced milk composition. The first, second, third, and fourth calving order had no effect on the blood biochemical profile of Holstein cows, in any lactation stage. On the other hand, the different stages of lactation influenced milk yield and milk composition of Holstein cows.