RESUMO Com a crescente demanda de edificações, torna-se cada vez mais necessário que as atividades de conservação e manutenção dos sistemas prediais sejam especificadas e cumpridas adequadamente. Esta pesquisa é uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a importância, as consequências e o desempenho quanto a manutenção nos Sistemas Prediais Hidráulicos e Sanitários (SPHS). As buscas pelos artigos foram realizadas no Portal de Periódicos CAPES abrangendo o período de 2007 a 2017. Foram encontrados 252 artigos, mas, com base no tema, apenas 26 foram selecionados. O conteúdo dos artigos foi discutido em cinco questões de pesquisa, abordando as manifestações patológicas nos SPHS, a manutenção predial e as ferramentas de avaliação de desempenho e suscetibilidade a riscos desses sistemas. Observou-se que as manifestações patológicas nos SPHS são frequentes, principalmente vazamentos, os quais geram custos financeiros, emocionais e de tempo para os usuários. Além disso, muitas dessas manifestações patológicas estão relacionadas à ausência ou falha na manutenção. Porém, a manutenção é muito influenciada por fatores como tipo de material, custos e expectativa dos usuários, sendo necessários programas eficientes de manutenção e equipes treinadas a fim de garantir o bom desempenho da edificação e seus sistemas. Ademais, algumas ferramentas têm sido desenvolvidas a fim de avaliar o desempenho dos sistemas prediais e a suscetibilidade a riscos, auxiliando na tomada de decisões de manutenções e concepção de projetos.

ABSTRACT With the increasing demand for buildings, it is necessary that conservation and maintenance practices of building systems be properly specified and fulfilled. This research is a systematic review of the literature about the importance, consequences, and performance of plumbing systems. The search for articles was carried out on the Portal de Periódicos Capes covering the period from 2007 to 2017. 252 articles were found, but, based on the topic, just 26 were selected. The content of the articles was discussed in five research questions, including failures in plumbing systems, building maintenance, and assessment tools for plumbing performance and susceptibility to risks. It was observed that the failures in plumbing systems are common, mainly problems with leaks, which result in financial, time, and emotional costs for users. In addition, many of these pathological manifestations are related to the absence or failure of maintenance. However, maintenance is greatly influenced by factors such as material type, costs, and user expectations, requiring efficient maintenance programs and qualified teams to ensure the performance of the building and its systems. In addition, some tools have been developed in order to assess the building systems performance and susceptibility to risks, helping in the decision-making of maintenance and design phase.

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é responder, através de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, como o setor de manutenção considera os critérios de segurança e saúde no trabalho (SST), quais os impactos da segurança nas atividades de manutenção, quais os ramos de atividades mais significativos nessa relação e quais fases e tipos de manutenção estão mais propensas a sofrer influências de SST. Os artigos para esta pesquisa foram selecionados através do Portal Capes, limitando o período entre 2010 a 2015. Também foram utilizados artigos selecionados dos Congressos Brasileiro de Manutenção de Gestão de Ativos no período de 2013 a 2015. No total foram selecionados 38 artigos para a revisão sistemática de literatura. Os resultados foram sumarizados por meio de mapas conceituais e indicaram que existem relações intrínsecas entre SST, Manutenção e Gestão de Ativos e que a manutenção tem um papel central nestas relações. Também concluiu-se que o impacto nas atividades de manutenção na segurança compreendem todas as fases do processo e que o setor de manutenção considera os critérios de SST em função da segurança para quem realiza a manutenção e para quem opera os equipamentos. Como contribuições, discutiu-se a importância da manutenção e segurança segundo culturas organizacionais diferentes, elementos considerados nas práticas de gerenciamento, estratégias de manutenção e critérios de segurança.

Abstract: The objective of this article is to use a systematic review of the literature to answer how the maintenance sector considers the occupational safety and health (OSH) criteria, what impacts safety has on maintenance activities, which are the most significant branches of activities in this relationship, and which phases and types of maintenance are more prone to be influenced by OSH. The articles for these studies were selected through the Capes Portal, limited to the period between 2010 to 2015. Articles selected from the Brazilian Congresses on Asset Management and Maintenance in the period from 2013 to 2015 were also used. 38 articles were selected in total for the systematic review of the literature. The results were summarized through conceptual maps and revealed that there are fundamental relationships between OSH, Maintenance and Asset Management and that maintenance has a central role to play in these relationships. It is also concluded that the impacts of safety on the maintenance activities involve all stages of the process and that the maintenance sector considers the OSH criteria as a function of the safety of the persons performing the maintenance and operating the equipment. The contributions include a discussion on the importance of maintenance and safety according to different organizational cultures, the elements considered in management practices, maintenance strategies and safety criteria.

Antimicrobial packaging is a promising type of active packaging, which has an antimicrobial agent incorporated into the polymer matrix, capable to eliminate or inhibit deteriorating and/or pathogenic microorganisms. The zinc compounds are antimicrobial agents commonly used to confer this feature. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of biodegradable Ecoflex® films with 1% and 2% (w/w) zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and 1% and 2% (w/w) glass microparticles doped with ionic zinc (Zn MCs), against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The sample’s biodegradation in soil also were studied. Microbiological results showed that biodegradable polymeric films obtained were effective to inhibit and/or kill S. aureus and E. coli at the initial concentration of 104 CFU.mL-1 after 24 h of contact. When evaluated the biodegradation of the polymers containing the additives, the results showed that the addition of zinc compounds to the biodegradable polymer did not affect its biodegradability characteristic. The antimicrobial biodegradable films developed have potential application to the food packaging industry.

ABSTRACT Mathematical models are widely used to predict the shelf life of foods. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), particularly Lactobacillus plantarum, Weissella viridescens and Lactobacillus sakei, are the main spoilage bacteria of refrigerated, vacuum-packed meat products, stored in modified atmosphere, and their growth determines the shelf life length of these products. The objective of this study was to model the growth of L. plantarum, W. viridescens and L. sakei under different isothermal cultivation conditions and establish secondary models to describe the effect of temperature on the growth parameters of these bacteria. The LAB growth was evaluated in culture medium at temperatures of 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 30 ºC. The fit of Baranyi and Roberts (BAR) and Gompertz (GO) primary models to the growth curves of LAB was compared by statistical indices, in which the BAR model showed slightly better fits to the experimental data. The BAR growth parameters were used to establish the secondary models, µmax and Nmax were established for the three LAB. The power model described the influence of temperature on the parameter λ for L. plantarum, and other bacteria showed no lag phase. The growth of LAB was strongly influenced by storage temperature and the obtained models allow predicting the growth of these bacteria within the temperature range from 4 to 30 ºC.

Abstract Empirical sigmoidal models have been widely applied as primary models to describe microbial growth in foods. In predictive microbiology, the maximum specific growth rate (µ max ) and the lag phase (λ) are the parameters of some models and have been considered as biological parameters. The objective of the current study was to propose mathematical equations to obtain the parameters μ max and λ for any sigmoidal empirical growth model. In a case study, the performance was compared of two models based on empirical parameters and two models based on biological parameters. These models were fitted to experimental data for Lactobacillus plantarum in six isothermal conditions. Some advantages of the proposed approach were the practical and biological interpretation of these parameters, and the useful information of the secondary modeling describing the dependence of µ max and λ with the temperature.

Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) is a biopolymer, completely biodegradable, which has similar properties to fuel-based polymers. However to make it economically competitive it is necessary the study of cheap sources of substrate. The influence of hydrolyzed rice starch supplemented with soybean oil at different temperatures (30, 35 and 40 °C) was studied in the production of P(3HB) by C. necator. The percentage of P(3HB) produced in the cultures at 30, 35 °C was 30, 39% and 35, 43% without and with supplementation of oil, respectively. The culture at 40 °C showed no production phase due to a possible oxygen limitation. These results demonstrate that hydrolyzed rice starch supplemented with soybean oil increases the yield of P(3HB) and temperature of 35 ºC is the most favorable for biopolymer production.