Lolium multiflorum grass is the major pollen allergen source in the southern region of Brazil, but most of its allergens remain poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate antibody reactivity to L. multiflorum crude and carboxymethyl-ligand extracts in allergic patients and healthy individuals. Ion exchange carboxymethyl (CM) chromatography (CM-Sepharose) was used to isolate proteins (S2) from L. multiflorum crude extract (S1), which were assessed by SDS-PAGE. S1- and S2-specific IgE and IgG4 levels were measured by ELISA using sera from 55 atopic and 16 non-atopic subjects. Reactive polypeptide bands in S1 and S2 were detected by immunoblotting, and the most prominent bands in S2 were analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS-MS). Similar IgE and IgG4 levels were observed to both S1 (IgE median absorbance: 1.22; IgG4 median absorbance: 0.68) and S2 (IgE median absorbance: 1.26; IgG4 median absorbance: 0.85) in atopic subjects. S1 and S2 had positive correlations for IgE and IgG4 (IgE: r=0.9567; IgG4: r=0.9229; P<0.0001) levels. Homology between S1 and S2 was confirmed by IgE (84%) and IgG4 (83%) inhibition. Immunoblotting revealed that the 29-32 kDa band was recognized by 100% of atopic subjects in both S1 and S2. MS-MS analysis identified similarity profile to groups 1 and 5 grass allergens. This study revealed that carboxymethyl-ligand fraction played an important role for pollen allergy diagnosis by containing clinically relevant allergens and constituted a promising candidate for allergen-specific immunotherapy.

RESUMO O presente relato teve como objetivo descrever as principais características da mucocele salivar parotídea em um coelho macho adulto, que apresentou uma massa flutuante indolor e com um conteúdo líquido em seu interior. Devido à necessidade de repetidas punções deste fluido, optou-se pela excisão cirúrgica como forma de tratamento. A avaliação pré-operatória incluiu radiografias e análises sanguíneas. O paciente foi submetido ao tratamento cirúrgico com excisão da glândula afetada. A anestesia inalatória foi mantida com isoflurano e os parâmetros cardio-respiratórios foram monitorados durante a cirurgia. Um eletrocautério bipolar foi utilizado para auxiliar na incisão e os fios poliglactina 910 e nylon foram utilizados na técnica de sutura. As medicações pós-operatórias incluíram agentes analgésicos, anti-inflamatórios e antibióticos. A histopatologia do tecido glandular removido revelou infiltrado inflamatório misto, fibroblastos, hemorragia e hiperemia. As observações neste caso sugerem que a remoção cirúrgica da glândula afetada seja o tratamento de escolha no manejo da mucocele em coelhos de companhia, o que já vem sendo identificado para outros animais. A coloração do ácido periódico reativo de Schiff confirmou o diagnóstico da mucocele salivar. Os exames complementares ajudaram a excluir as doenças que fazem parte do diagnóstico diferencial e indicaram um prognóstico favorável, tendo em vista o fato que este caso foi resolvido com sucesso, sem complicações ou recorrência.

ABSTRACT The present report aimed to describe the main characteristics of the parotid salivary mucocele in an adult male rabbit, which presented with a painless fluctuating mass with fluid content. Owing to the need for repeated fluid drainage, surgical excision was the chosen mode of treatment. Preoperative evaluation included radiography and blood analysis. The patient underwent surgical excision of the affected gland. Inhalation anesthesia was maintained by means of isoflurane and the cardio-respiratory parameters were monitored throughout the surgery. A bipolar electrocautery was used to assist in the incision and polyglactin 910 and nylon were the suture materials used in the wound closure technique. Post-operative medications included analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents and antibiotics. Histopathology of the excised glandular tissue revealed a mixed inflammatory infiltrate, fibroblasts, hemorrhage and hyperemia. The observations in this case suggest that surgical excision of the affected gland is the treatment of choice for the management of mucocele in companion rabbits, which has already been identified for other animals. Periodic acid-reactive Schiff staining confirmed the diagnosis of salivary mucocele. The complementary investigations helped to rule out the differential diagnosis and indicated a favorable prognosis, in view of the fact that the case was successfully resolved without complications or recurrence.

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar biomarcadores de mastite após terapia da secagem com plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP), associado ou não a antibiótico. Trinta e seis quartos mamários foram utilizados em três tratamentos (T): T1 - antibiótico (ATB), T2 - PRP e T3 - PRP + ATB. Amostras de leite foram coletadas antes da secagem (A1), no parto (D0) e 14, 30 e 60 dias pós-parto (D14, D30 e D60), para determinar contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e amiloide A (AA). O delineamento foi inteiramente ao acaso, com arranjo em parcelas subdivididas (SigmaPlot®). Dados de CCS foram transformados (log 10). As médias foram comparadas utilizando-se testes de Tukey ou Holm-Sidak (P<0,05). A CCS em A1 foi elevada em todos os grupos (P>0,05). No D30, CCS foi maior em T2 (P<0,05), igualando-se no D60. Não houve diferença na AA entre Ts em qualquer dia de coleta (P>0,05). Houve diferença nos momentos de coleta (P<0,05), A1 maior que D14 e D30. Houve uma correlação positiva fraca com CCS (0,280). Os tratamentos foram semelhantes em manter a saúde da glândula mamária na lactação subsequente. O PRP intramamário pode ser usado para terapia de vaca seca em casos de mastite subclínica.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate biomarkers of mastitis after autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) dry cow therapy, associated or not with antibiotic, compared to conventional treatment. Thirty-six mammary quarters were used in three treatments (T): T1 - antibiotic, T2 - PRP and T3 - PRP + ATB. Milk samples were collected before drying (A1), on calving (D0) and at 14, 30 and 60 days postpartum (D14, D30 and D60), for Somatic Cell Count (CCS) and amyloid dosage A (AA). The design was completely randomized with arrangement in subdivided plots (SigmaPlot ®). Data from CCS were transformed in log10. Means were compared using the Tukey or Holm-Sidak tests, at a 95% confidence level (P<0.05). CCS in A1 was elevated in allgroups (P>0.05). On D30 CCS was higher in T2 (P<0.05), matching D60. There was no difference in AA among T on any day of collection (P>0.05). There was difference in collection moments (P<0.05), A1 different from D14 and D30. There was a weak positive correlation with CCS (0.280). Three treatments were similar in maintaining the health of the mammary gland at subsequent lactation. PRP intramammary can be used for dry cow therapy in subclinical mastitis.

RESUMO OBJETIVO O diabetes é importante causa de mortalidade cardiovascular. Nos últimos anos, a mortalidade diminuiu substancialmente, mais em diabéticos do que em não diabéticos, em grande parte devido ao controle de outros fatores de risco cardiovasculares. Nosso estudo tem como objetivo analisar o controle de dislipidemia em duas coortes de diabéticos. MÉTODOS Foram estudados pacientes de duas coortes distintas, sendo 173 pacientes do BHS (Brasília Heart Study) e 222 pacientes do BDS (Brazilian Diabetes Study). Os dados sobre controle de dislipidemia foram estudados nas duas populações diferentes. Todos os pacientes eram diabéticos. RESULTADOS Há diferenças significativas em relação às comorbidades entre os grupos de LDL-C no BDS. A média de hemoglobina glicada é de 8,2 no grupo com LDL-C > 100, comparado com 7,7 e 7,5 nos grupos 70-100 e < 70, respectivamente (p = 0,024). Há maior porcentagem de pacientes hipertensos com LDL entre 70-100 (63,9%), quando comparado aos grupos < 70 e > 100 (54,3% e 54,9%, respectivamente; p = 0,005). A pressão diastólica é mais elevada no grupo com LDL > 100, com média de 87 mmHg, comparado com 82,6 mmHg e 81,9 mmHg nos grupos 70-100 e < 70, respectivamente (p = 0,019). O grupo com LDL > 100 tem maior porcentagem de tabagistas (8,7%) quando comparado aos grupos com LDL entre 70-100 e < 70 (5,6% e 4,3%, respectivamente; p = 0,015). Há, também, diferença na incidência prévia de coronariopatia. No grupo com LDL < 70, 28,3% dos pacientes já apresentaram infarto prévio, comparados com 11,1% e 10,6% nos grupos 70-100 e > 100, respectivamente (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO Os dados do nosso estudo mostram que o controle de dislipidemia em diabéticos é inadequado, e há uma tendência de associação direta entre descontrole glicêmico e descontrole de dislipidemia, além de associação com outros fatores de risco cardiovascular, como hipertensão diastólica e tabagismo. Esse pior controle pode estar relacionado ao platô no descenso da curva de mortalidade, e o investimento nesse quesito pode melhorar a saúde cardiovascular dos diabéticos.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Diabetes is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular mortality. Over the last years, mortality has decreased significantly, more in individuals with diabetes than in healthy ones. That is mostly due to the control of other cardiovascular risk factors. The objective of our study was to analyze the dyslipidemia control in two diabetes cohorts. METHODS Patients from two distinct cohorts were studied, 173 patients from the BHS (Brasília Heart Study) and 222 patients from the BDS (Brazilian Diabetes Study). The data on dyslipidemia control were studied in both different populations. All patients had diabetes. RESULTS There are significant differences concerning comorbidities between the LDL-C and BDS groups. The average glycated hemoglobin is of 8.2 in the LDL-C > 100 group in comparison with 7.7 and 7.5 in the 70-100 and < 70 groups, respectively (p = 0.024). There is a higher percentage of hypertensive patients with LDL between 70-100 (63.9%), when comparing the < 70 and > 100 groups (54.3% and 54.9%, respectively; p = 0.005). Diastolic pressure is higher in the group with LDL > 100, with an average of 87 mmHg, in comparison with 82.6 mmHg and 81.9 mmHg in the 70-100 and < 70 groups, respectively (p = 0.019). The group with LDL > 100 has the greatest percentage of smokers (8.7%) in comparison with the groups with LDL between 70-100 and < 70 (5.6% and 4.3%, respectively; p = 0.015). There is also a difference in the previous incidence of coronaropathy. In the group with LDL < 70, 28.3% of patients had already experienced a previous infarction, compared with 11.1% and 10.6% in the 70-100 and > 100 groups, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The data in our study have shown that the dyslipidemia control in diabetic patients is inadequate and there is a tendency of direct association between lack of blood glucose control and lack of dyslipidemia control, in addition to the association with other cardiovascular risk factors, such as diastolic hypertension and smoking. This worsened control might be related to the plateau in the descending curve of mortality, and investments in this regard can improve the cardiovascular health in diabetic patients.

ABSTRACT Cationic derivatives of 5,10,15-tris[4-(pyridin-4-ylsulphanyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]-corrolategallium(III)pyridine and 5,10,15-tris[4-(pyridin-2-ylsulfanyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]-correlategallium(III)pyridine were synthesized and their photosensitizing properties against the naturally bioluminescent Gram-negative bacterium Allivibrio fischeri were evaluated. The cationic corrole derivatives exhibited antibacterial activity at micromolar concentrations against this Gram-negative bacterium strain.

RESUMO A análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) é uma importante ferramenta no diagnóstico das doenças neurológicas dos bovinos. A coleta do LCR em diferentes momentos facilita o monitoramento do quadro clínico e/ou a avaliação da eficácia de tratamentos estabelecidos. Todavia, os efeitos de coletas consecutivas sobre os parâmetros citológicos e bioquímicos do LCR de bovinos saudáveis ainda não foram analisados. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar potenciais diferenças citológicas e bioquímicas no LCR de bovinos sadios, obtidos em dois momentos, com intervalo de 96 horas. O LCR foi submetido à análise citológica e à determinação do teor de proteína total. Na segunda coleta, verificou-se aumento significativo da celularidade, porém ainda dentro do intervalo de referência para a espécie, diminuição de linfócitos e elevação de células mononucleares em relação à primeira coleta. No entanto, os números de hemácias (/µL), células nucleadas (/µL), neutrófilos (%), eosinófilos (%) e a concentração da proteína total (mg/dL) continuaram dentro dos valores de referência 96 horas após a realização da primeira punção. Conclui-se que os procedimentos de coleta de LCR consecutivos não provocaram inflamação local detectável 96 horas após a primeira punção, o que sugere que, quando necessário, coletas de LCR seriadas, por si só, não interfeririam nos resultados do exame.

ABSTRACT The analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is important for the diagnosis of neurological diseases in cattle. However, the effect of consecutive collections on the cytological and biochemical parameters of the CSF has not been evaluated yet. The objective of the present study was to evaluate potential differences on the cytological and biochemical analysis of CSF obtained from healthy cattle at two sampling times with 96 hours of interval in between. Total and differential cell counts, and total protein concentration were analyzed in the CSF. Increased cellularity and significant reduction of lymphocyte and elevated numbers of mononuclear cells were observed on the second collection. However, erythrocyte count (/µl), total leukocyte count (/µl), neutrophils (%), eosinophils (%) and total protein concentration (mg/dl) remained within the reference range 96 hours after the completion of the first puncture. In conclusion, consecutive CSF collections cause no detectable local inflammation 96 hours after the first puncture suggesting that repeated collections do not interfere in the CSF results.

RESUMO A meningoencefalite por herpesvírus bovino-5 (BoHV-5) é uma doença neurológica importante no rebanho bovino brasileiro. Este estudo tem por objetivo verificar a presença do DNA de BoHV-5 em bovinos diagnosticados com meningoencefalite na Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista, entre os anos de 1980 e 2009. Foram revisados os arquivos do Serviço de Clínica de Grandes Animais e da Patologia Animal em busca dos dados clínicos e epidemiológicos de bovinos com sinais neurológicos. Excluídos os casos de raiva, foram encontrados 115 casos de bovinos com sinais neurológicos, que foram necropsiados. O exame histopatológico realizado nos tecidos encefálicos desses animais constatou lesões de meningoencefalite não supurativa em 28 animais. Destes, em 15 (54%) casos foi identificada a presença do DNA de BoHV-5 por meio de PCR realizada em amostras de tecido encefálico fixadas em formalina e incluídas em parafina (FFPE). O alvo da PCR foi um fragmento de 159 pb do gene da glicoproteína C do BoHV-5. O caso mais antigo identificado neste estudo foi de 1988. A PCR apresentou-se como boa ferramenta para o diagnóstico do DNA de BoHV-5 extraído de tecidos FFPE, possibilitando estudos retrospectivos e diagnóstico de amostras com mais de 20 anos de armazenamento.

ABSTRACT Meningoencephalitis caused by Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) is an important neurological disease that affects Brazilian cattle herds. The present study investigated the presence of BoHV-5 DNA in cattle diagnosed with meningoencephalitis at Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista from 1980 to 2009. The records obtained from the Large Animal Internal Medicine Service and the Animal Pathology Service were reviewed to identify clinical and epidemiological data from cattle with neurological signs. Excluding rabies cases, we found 115 cases of cattle with neurological signs that had been necropsied. Non-suppurative meningoencephalitis was diagnosed in 28 animals of the 115 initially selected based on histopathological examination of brain tissues. Of these 28 animals, 15 (54%) were positive for BoHV-5 DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) brain samples. PCR target was 159-bp fragment from the BoHV-5 glycoprotein C gene. The oldest case identified in the present study was from 1988. PCR was a good tool for the diagnosis of BoHV-5 DNA extracted from FFPE tissues, allowing retrospective studies of samples stored for more than 20 years.

Abstract Schistosomiasis, a chronic disease that affects million people worldwide, is caused by trematode flukes of the genus Schistosoma. The lack of an anti-schistosomiasis vaccine and massive monotherapy with praziquantel reinforces the need for search and development of new therapeutic drugs. Recently, we demonstrated that the essential oil of Piper cubeba L., Piperaceae, and their derivative dibenzylbutyrolactolic (-)-6,6'-dinitrohinokinin, presents in vitro and in vivo activities against Schistosoma mansoni. Here, we identified changes in the protein expression after exposure to dibenzylbutyrolactolic (-)-6,6'-dinitrohinokinin. We applied two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) to S. mansoni soluble protein extracts and observed at least 38 spots to be affected by dibenzylbutyrolactolic (-)-6,6'-dinitrohinokinin. We further identified 25 differentially expressed proteins by mass spectrometry. Enrichment for biological processes and predictive analyses of protein-protein interactions suggest that dibenzylbutyrolactolic (-)-6,6'-dinitrohinokinin targets proteins involved mainly in metabolic processes, especially carbohydrate metabolism. In summary, this study provides an interesting approach to understand the anti-parasitic activity of semi-synthetic (-)-6,6'-dinitrohinokinin a derivative compound from lignan and for the development of new therapy strategies.

The gut barrier monitors and protects the gastrointestinal tract from challenges such as microorganisms, toxins and proteins that could act as antigens. There is evidence that gut barrier dysfunction may act as a primary disease mechanism in intestinal disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the barrier function towards sugars after the appropriate treatment of celiac disease and Crohn's disease patients and compare the results with those obtained with healthy subjects. Fifteen healthy volunteers, 22 celiac disease patients after 1 year of a gluten-free diet, and 31 Crohn's disease patients in remission were submitted to an intestinal permeability test with 6.0 g lactulose and 3.0 g mannitol. Six-hour urinary lactulose excretion in Crohn's disease patients was significantly higher than in both celiac disease patients (0.42 vs 0.15%) and healthy controls (0.42 vs 0.07%). Urinary lactulose excretion was significantly higher in celiac disease patients than in healthy controls (0.15 vs 0.07%). Urinary mannitol excretion in Crohn's disease patients was the same as healthy controls (21 vs 21%) and these values were significantly higher than in celiac disease patients (10.9%). The lactulose/mannitol ratio was significantly higher in Crohn's disease patients in comparison to celiac disease patients (0.021 vs 0.013) and healthy controls (0.021 vs 0.003) and this ratio was also significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls (0.013 vs 0.003). In spite of treatment, differences in sugar permeability were observed in both disease groups. These differences in the behavior of the sugar probes probably reflect different mechanisms for the alterations of intestinal permeability.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of oxamniquine and praziquantel, the two most clinically important schistosomicide drugs, and to compare the accuracy of faecal examination with the accuracy of oogram in testing for Schistosoma mansoni infection. METHODS: In a triple-masked and randomized controlled trial, 106 patients infected with S. mansoni were randomly allocated to one of three statistically homogeneous groups. One group was given 60 mg/kg praziquantel per day for three consecutive days, another was given two daily doses of 10 mg/kg oxamniquine, and the placebo group received starch. Faecal examinations (days 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 after treatment) and biopsy of rectal mucosa by quantitative oogram (days 30, 60, 120, and 180) were used for the initial diagnosis and for evaluating the degree of cure. The chi2 test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare variables in the three groups. Survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier) and the log-rank test were used to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments. FINDINGS: The sensitivity of stool examinations ranged from 88.9% to 94.4% when patients presented with >5000 S. mansoni eggs per gram of tissue (oogram); when the number of eggs dropped to <1000 eggs per gram, sensitivity was reduced (range, 22.7-34.0%). When cure was evaluated by stool examination, oxamniquine and praziquantel had cure rates of 90.3% and 100%, respectively. However, when the oogram was used as an indicator of sensitivity, the oxamniquine cure rate dropped dramatically (to 42.4%), whereas the rate for praziquantel remained high, at 96.1%. CONCLUSIONS: Praziquantel was significantly more effective than oxamniquine in treating S. mansoni infection. The oogram was markedly more sensitive than stool examinations in detecting S. mansoni eggs and should be recommended for use in clinical trials with schistosomicides.

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia terapéutica de la oxamniquina y el prazicuantel, los dos esquistosomicidas más importantes a nivel clínico, y comparar la precisión del examen coprológico y la precisión del oograma como medios diagnósticos de la infección por Schistosoma mansoni. MÉTODOS: En un ensayo controlado y aleatorizado a triple ciego, se procedió a asignar aleatoriamente a 106 pacientes infectados por S. mansoni a alguno de los tres grupos estadísticamente homogéneos establecidos: a un grupo se le administraron 60 mg/ kg diarios de prazicuantel durante tres días consecutivos, a otro se le dieron dos dosis diarias de 10 mg/kg de oxamniquina, y al tercero, el grupo placebo, se le administró almidón. El diagnóstico inicial y la evaluación del grado de curación se basaron en los exámenes coprológicos (días 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 y 180 después del tratamiento) y la biopsia de la mucosa rectal mediante oograma cuantitativo (días 30, 60, 120 y 180). Para comparar las variables en los tres grupos se utilizaron la prueba del chi-cuadrado y la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis, y la evaluación de la eficacia de los tratamientos se basó en el análisis de la supervivencia (Kaplan-Meier) y la prueba del rango logarítmico. RESULTADOS: La sensibilidad de los exámenes coprológicos fue del 88,9%-94,4% cuando los pacientes acudieron al médico con más de 5000 huevos de S. mansoni por gramo de tejido (oograma); en los casos en que el número de huevos caía por debajo de 1000 por gramo, la sensibilidad disminuía (intervalo: 22,7%-34,0%). Cuando la curación se evaluó mediante examen coprológico, la oxamniquina y el prazicuantel lograron tasas de curación de 90,3% y 100%, respectivamente; sin embargo, cuando se utilizó el oograma como indicador de la sensibilidad, la tasa de curación con oxamniquina descendió pronunciadamente (a 42,4%), mientras que la tasa correspondiente al prazicuantel siguió siendo alta, 96,1%. CONCLUSIÓN: La eficacia del prazicuantel fue significativamente mayor que la de la oxamniquina como tratamiento de la infección por S. mansoni. En lo que respecta a la detección de los huevos, el oograma fue mucho más sensible que los exámenes coprológicos, por lo que se recomienda el uso del primero en los ensayos clínicos de esquistosomicidas.

OBJECTIF: Evaluer l'efficacité thérapeutique de l'oxamniquine et du praziquantel, les deux antibilharziens les plus importants au plan clinique, et comparer le degré d'exactitude de l'examen coprologique à celui de l'oogramme pour la recherche des infections à Schistosoma mansoni. MÉTHODES: Dans un essai contrôlé randomisé à l'aveugle, 106 patients infectés par S. mansoni ont été répartis aléatoirement dans trois groupes statistiquement homogènes. L'un des groupes a reçu 60 mg/kg de praziquantel par jour pendant trois jours consécutifs, le suivant deux doses quotidiennes de 10 mg/kg d'oxamniquine, tandis que le groupe placebo recevait de l'amidon. Le diagnostic initial et le degré de guérison ont été déterminés d'après l'examen coprologique (aux jours 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 et 180 après traitement) et la biopsie de muqueuse rectale pratiquée pour obtenir un oogramme quantitatif (aux jours 30, 60, 120 et 180). Le test du <FONT FACE=Symbol>c</FONT>2 et l'analyse de variance (test de Kruskal-Wallis si nécessaire) ont été utilisés pour comparer les variables dans les trois groupes. L'évaluation de l'efficacité des traitements a été faite par l'analyse de survie (méthode de Kaplan-Meier) et la méthode du log-rank. RÉSULTATS: L'examen coprologique avait une sensibilité de 88,9 % à 94,4 % quand le nombre d'œufs de S. mansoni par gramme de tissu (oogramme) était >5000 ; la sensibilité était diminuée quand le nombre d'œufs tombait en-dessous de 1000 par gramme (22,7-34,0 %). Quand la guérison était appréciée par examen coprologique, l'oxamniquine et le praziquantel avaient des taux de guérison de respectivement 90,3 % et 100 %. En utilisant l'oogramme comme indicateur de la sensibilité, le taux de guérison avec l'oxamniquine s'effondrait à 42,4 %, tandis que le taux de guérison par le praziquantel se maintenait à 96,1 %. CONCLUSION: Le praziquantel s'est montré significativement plus efficace que l'oxamniquine dans le traitement de l'infection à S. mansoni. L'oogramme s'avère bien plus sensible que l'examen coprologique pour la recherche des œufs de S. mansoni et il convient de le recommander dans les essais cliniques des antibilharziens.

Introdução: O emprego do acesso videolaparoscópico no tratamento das afecções digestivas que cursam com peritonite generalizada é motivo de controvérsia. Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo de peritonite bacteriana para avaliação do tratamento mediante acesso laparotômico e videolaparoscópico. Métodos: Ratos machos Wistar foram submetidos à ligadura de ceco (CLP) sob molde rígido de 3mm de diâmetro; na seqüência foram feitas 14 punções no ceco com agulha 15X10. Após 6 horas de indução da peritonite, os animais foram tratados mediante laparotomia ou videolaparoscopia e avaliados com base nas hemoculturas e na taxa de mortalidade. O tratamento consistiu de tiflectomia seguida ou não de lavagem da cavidade peritoneal com solução fisiológica. Resultado: A mortalidade após CLP sem tratamento foi de 90% em uma semana. As hemoculturas positivas para bactérias após 3 horas variaram de 80 a 100% e após 24 horas de 60 a 80%, nos animais tratados com laparotomia sem lavagem do peritôneo e com videolaparoscopia seguida ou não de lavagem peritoneal. Todavia, a mortalidade após laparotomia foi de 20% e após videolaparoscopia foi de 80%. Conclusão: O modelo experimental desenvolvido induz a peritonite grave, e a bacteremia associada ao tratamento videolaparoscópico tem alta letalidade.

Introduction: The use of videolaparoscopy in the treatment of digestive diseases, associated with generalized peritonitis, is controverted. Objective: To develop a model of bacterial peritonitis for the evaluation of the treatments through laparotomy and through videolaparoscopy. Methods: Male Wistar rats were submitted to occlusion of the ceacum (CLP) on a rigid mold of 3mm diameter, followed by 14 punctures of the ceacum with a 15 x 10 needle. Six hours after the induction of peritonitis, the animals were treated by laparotomy or videolaparoscopy, while analysing blood cultures and the mortality rates. The treatment involved typhlectomy followed or no by peritoneal lavage with saline solution. Results: The mortality rate in one week, after CLP without treatment, was 90%. The blood cultures were positive in 80 to 100% of the animals after 3 hours, and in 60 to 80% after 24 hours, in the animals when treated with laparotomy without peritoneal lavage and in the animals treated through videolaparoscopy with or without peritoneal lavage. The mortality rate after laparotomy was 20%, whereas after videolaparoscopy it was 80%. Conclusion: The experimental model induced severe peritonitis, and the bactereamia associated with videolaparoscopy has a high mortality rate.