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Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Ultrasensitive molecular tests for Plasmodium detection: applicability in control and elimination programs and reference laboratories
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Aschar, Mariana

; Sanchez, Maria Carmen A.

; Costa-Nascimento, Maria de Jesus

; Farinas, Maria de Lourdes R. N.

; Hristov, Angélica D.

; Lima, Giselle F. M. C.

; Inoue, Juliana

; Levi, José E.

; Di Santi, Silvia M.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e11

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objectivo. Avaliar ferramentas moleculares para detectar parasitemia de baixo nível e as cinco espécies de Plasmodium que infectam humanos, para utilização em programas de controlo e eliminação e em laboratórios de referência. Métodos. Avaliámos 145 amostras de sangue de doentes que testaram positivo por reacção em cadeia da polimerase aninhada (nPCR), de indivíduos assintomáticos, e do Programa Global de Paludismo da Organização Mundial de Saúde/Serviço Nacional de Avaliação da Qualidade Externa do Reino Unido. As amostras foram ensaiadas utilizando o RealStar® Malaria PCR Kit 1.0 (alt-Gen; altona Diagnostics) e o RealStar® Malaria Screen & Type PCR Kit (alt-S&T; altona Diagnostics). Os resultados dos testes moleculares foram comparados com os resultados da PCR quantitativa (qPCR), nPCR e exame da gota espessa. Resultados. Os níveis de parasitemia variaram de 1 a 518 000 parasitas/µL, dependendo da espécie. Em comparação com a nPCR, alt-S&T tinha uma sensibilidade de 100%, excepto na identificação de P. falciparum, para a qual a sensibilidade era de 93,94%. Todas as amostras positivas por alt-Gen foram também positivas por nPCR. Ao comparar alt-Gen com qPCR, a sensibilidade foi de 100% para P. vivax, P. malariae e P. falciparum. Para todas as espécies Plasmodium, a correlação entre os valores limiares de ciclo de alt-S&T e alt-Gen comparados com qPCR foi significativa (P < 0,0001, teste de Spearman), com r = 0,8621 para alt-S&T e r = 0,9371 para alt-Gen. Quando todas as espécies de Plasmodium foram consideradas, houve uma correlação negativa entre o nível de parasitemia e os valores limiares do ciclo de PCR em tempo real (P < 0,0001). Neste estudo, apenas 2 de 28 amostras de indivíduos assintomáticos foram positivas por exame da gota espessa; no entanto, todas estas 28 amostras foram positivas por alt-S&T. Conclusões. Os ensaios alt-Gen e alt-S&T são adequados para a detecção de infecções submicroscópicas para fins epidemiológicos distintos, tais como para utilização em inquéritos e laboratórios de referência e o rastreio em bancos de sangue, o que contribuirá para os esforços globais de eliminação da malária.

ABSTRACT Objective. To evaluate molecular tools to detect low-level parasitemia and the five species of Plasmodium that infect humans for use in control and elimination programs, and in reference laboratories. Methods. We evaluated 145 blood samples from patients who tested positive by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR), from asymptomatic individuals and from the WHO Global Malaria Programme/United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service. Samples were assayed using the genus-specific RealStar® Malaria PCR Kit 1.0 (alt-Gen; altona Diagnostics) and the RealStar® Malaria Screen & Type PCR Kit (alt-S&T; altona Diagnostics). The results from the molecular tests were compared with those from quantitative PCR (qPCR), nPCR and thick blood smear. Results. The levels of parasitemia ranged from 1 to 518 000 parasites/µL, depending on the species. Compared with nPCR, alt-S&T had a sensitivity of 100%, except for identifying P. falciparum, for which the sensitivity was 93.94%. All samples positive by alt-Gen were also positive by nPCR. When comparing alt-Gen to qPCR, the sensitivity was 100% for P. vivax, P. malariae and P. falciparum. For all Plasmodium species, the correlation between cycle threshold values of alt-S&T and alt-Gen compared with qPCR was significant (P < 0.0001, Spearman’s test), with r = 0.8621 for alt-S&T and r = 0.9371 for alt-Gen. When all Plasmodium species were considered, there was a negative correlation between the level of parasitemia and real-time PCR cycle threshold values (P < 0.0001). In this study, only 2 of 28 samples from asymptomatic individuals were positive by thick blood smear; however, all 28 of these samples were positive by alt-S&T. Conclusions. The alt-Gen and alt-S&T assays are suitable for detecting submicroscopic infections for distinct epidemiological purposes, such as for use in surveys and reference laboratories, and screening in blood banks, which will contribute to global efforts to eliminate malaria.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Evaluar herramientas moleculares para detectar bajos niveles de parasitemia y las cinco especies de Plasmodium que infectan a los seres humanos, a fin de emplearlas en los programas de control y eliminación y en los laboratorios de referencia. Métodos. Se evaluaron 145 muestras de sangre de pacientes positivos por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa anidada (nPCR), de individuos asintomáticos y de muestras del Programa Mundial de Malaria de la Organización Mundial de la Salud/Servicio Nacional de Evaluación Externa de Calidad del Reino Unido. Las muestras se analizaron con el kit de PCR RealStar® Malaria 1.0 (alt-Gen; altona Diagnostics), específico para cada género, y con el kit de PCR RealStar® Malaria Screen & Type (alt-S&T; altona Diagnostics). Se compararon los resultados de las pruebas moleculares con los de la PCR cuantitativa (qPCR), la nPCR y el frotis de gota gruesa. Resultados. Los niveles de parasitemia oscilaron entre 1 y 518 000 parásitos/µl, según la especie. En comparación con la nPCR, la prueba alt-S&T tuvo una sensibilidad del 100%, excepto para la identificación de P. falciparum, para el cual la sensibilidad fue del 93,94%. Todas las muestras positivas por alt-Gen lo fueron también por nPCR. Al comparar alt-Gen con la qPCR, la sensibilidad fue del 100% para P. vivax, P. malariae y P. falciparum. Para todas las especies de Plasmodium, la correlación entre los valores del umbral de ciclo de alt-S&T y alt-Gen en comparación con la qPCR fue significativa (P < 0,0001, prueba de Spearman), con r = 0,8621 para alt-S&T y r = 0,9371 para alt-Gen. Cuando se consideraron todas las especies de Plasmodium hubo una correlación negativa entre el nivel de parasitemia y los valores de umbral de ciclo de PCR en tiempo real (P < 0,0001). En este estudio, solo 2 de las 28 muestras de individuos asintomáticos fueron positivas por frotis de gota gruesa; sin embargo, las 28 muestras fueron positivas por alt-S&T. Conclusiones. Los ensayos alt-Gen y alt-S&T son adecuados para detectar infecciones submicroscópicas con distintos fines epidemiológicos, como su uso en investigaciones y laboratorios de referencia y el cribado en bancos de sangre, lo que contribuirá a los esfuerzos mundiales para eliminar la malaria.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2022.11

Diretriz de Miocardites da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia – 2022
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Montera, Marcelo Westerlund

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G.

; Simões, Marcus Vinícius

; Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski

; Fernandes, Fabio

; Mangine, Sandrigo

; Oliveira Júnior, Amarino Carvalho de

; Souza, Aurea Lucia Alves de Azevedo Grippa de

; Ianni, Bárbara Maria

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Mesquita, Claudio Tinoco

; de Azevedo Filho, Clerio F.

; Freitas, Dhayn Cassi de Almeida

; Melo, Dirceu Thiago Pessoa de

; Bocchi, Edimar Alcides

; Horowitz, Estela Suzana Kleiman

; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

; Oliveira, Guilherme H.

; Villacorta, Humberto

; Rossi Neto, João Manoel

; Barbosa, João Marcos Bemfica

; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de

; Luiz, Louise Freire

; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão

; Beck-da-Silva, Luis

; Campos, Luiz Antonio de Almeida

; Danzmann, Luiz Cláudio

; Bittencourt, Marcelo Imbroinise

; Garcia, Marcelo Iorio

; Avila, Monica Samuel

; Clausell, Nadine Oliveira

; Oliveira Jr, Nilson Araujo de

; Silvestre, Odilson Marcos

; Souza, Olga Ferreira de

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

; Kalil Filho, Roberto

; Al-Kindi, Sadeer G.

; Rassi, Salvador

; Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins

; Ferreira, Silvia Moreira Ayub

; Rizk, Stéphanie Itala

; Mattos, Tiago Azevedo Costa

; Barzilai, Vitor

; Martins, Wolney de Andrade

; Schultheiss, Heinz-Peter

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2022, Volume 119 N. 1 Pages 143 - 211

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220412

Implications for Clinical Practice from a Multicenter Survey of Heart Failure Management Centers
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Bocchi, Edimar Alcides

; Moreira, Henrique Turin

; Nakamuta, Juliana Sanajotti

; Simões, Marcus Vinicius

; Casas, Alberto de Almeida Las

; Costa, Altamiro Reis da

; Assis, Amberson Vieira de

; Durães, André Rodrigues

; Pereira-Barretto, Antonio Carlos

; Ravessa, Antonio Delduque de Araujo

; Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli

; Biselli, Bruno

; Pinto, Carolina Maria Nogueira

; Filho, Conrado Roberto Hoffmann

; Costantini, Costantino Roberto

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Santos Jr, Edval Gomes dos

; Soliva Junior, Erwin

; Figueiredo, Estevão Lanna

; Albuquerque, Felipe Neves de

; Paulitsch, Felipe

; Neuenschwander, Fernando Carvalho

; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de

; Brito, Flavio de Souza

; Lopes, Heno Ferreira

; Villacorta, Humberto

; Souza Neto, João David de

; Sepulveda, João Mariano

; Ayoub, José Carlos Aidar

; Vilela-Martin, José F.

; Cardoso, Juliano Novaes

; Uemura, Laercio

; Moura, Lidia Zytynski

; Maia, Lilia Nigro

; Oliveira, Lucia Brandão de

; Maia, Lucimir

; Silva, Luís Beck da

; Gowdak, Luís Henrique Wolff

; Danzmann, Luiz Claudio

; Andrade, Marcus

; Braile-Sternieri, Maria Christiane Valeria Braga

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; França Neto, Olimpio R

; Filho, Otavio Rizzi Coelho

; Esteves, Paulo Frederico

; Raupp-da-Rosa, Priscila

; Silva, Ricardo Jorge de Queiroz e

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

; Viégas, Ruy Felipe Melo

; Rassi, Salvador

; Mangili, Sandrigo

; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel

; Martins, Silvia Marinho

; Kawabata, Vitor Sergio

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e1991

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: This observational, cross-sectional study based aimed to test whether heart failure (HF)-disease management program (DMP) components are influencing care and clinical decision-making in Brazil. METHODS: The survey respondents were cardiologists recommended by experts in the field and invited to participate in the survey via printed form or email. The survey consisted of 29 questions addressing site demographics, public versus private infrastructure, HF baseline data of patients, clinical management of HF, performance indicators, and perceptions about HF treatment. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 98 centers (58% public and 42% private practice) distributed across Brazil. Public HF-DMPs compared to private HF-DMP were associated with a higher percentage of HF-DMP-dedicated services (79% vs 24%; OR: 12, 95% CI: 94-34), multidisciplinary HF (MHF)-DMP [84% vs 65%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-8), HF educational programs (49% vs 18%; OR: 4; 95% CI: 1-2), written instructions before hospital discharge (83% vs 76%; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0-5), rehabilitation (69% vs 39%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), monitoring (44% vs 29%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-5), guideline-directed medical therapy-HF use (94% vs 85%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15), and less B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) dosage (73% vs 88%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), and key performance indicators (37% vs 60%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-7). In comparison to non- MHF-DMP, MHF-DMP was associated with more educational initiatives (42% vs 6%; OR: 12; 95% CI: 1-97), written instructions (83% vs 68%; OR: 2: 95% CI: 1-7), rehabilitation (69% vs 17%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 3-44), monitoring (47% vs 6%; OR: 14; 95% CI: 2-115), GDMT-HF (92% vs 83%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15). In addition, there were less use of BNP as a biomarker (70% vs 84%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-8) and key performance indicators (35% vs 51%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 91,6) in the non-MHF group. Physicians considered changing or introducing new medications mostly when patients were hospitalized or when observing worsening disease and/or symptoms. Adherence to drug treatment and non-drug treatment factors were the greatest medical problems associated with HF treatment. CONCLUSION: HF-DMPs are highly heterogeneous. New strategies for HF care should consider the present study highlights and clinical decision-making processes to improve HF patient care.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e1991 870 downloads

Use and misuse of biomarkers and the role of D-dimer and C-reactive protein in the management of COVID-19: A post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study
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Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues

; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro

; Lima, Clarice Antunes de

; Corá, Aline Pivetta

; Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues

; Perazzio, Sandro Félix

; Gouvea, Christiane Pereira

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Trindade, Evelinda Marramon

; Sumita, Nairo Massakazu

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Lichtenstein, Arnaldo

; Bonfa, Eloisa

; Utiyama, Edivaldo M.

; Segurado, Aluisio C.

; Perondi, Beatriz

; Miethke-Morais, Anna

; Montal, Amanda C.

; Harima, Leila

; Fusco, Solange R. G.

; Silva, Marjorie F.

; Rocha, Marcelo C.

; Marcilio, Izabel

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Kawano, Fabiane Yumi Ogihara

; Jesus, Maria Amélia de

; Kallas, Ésper George

; Carmo, Carolina

; Tanaka, Clarice

; Souza, Heraldo Possolo de

; Marchini, Julio F. M.

; Carvalho, Carlos

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Levin, Anna Sara Shafferman

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli

; Guimarães, Thaís

; Lázari, Carolina dos Santos

; Sabino, Ester

; Magri, Marcello M. C.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcisio E. P.

; Francisco, Maria Cristina Peres Braido

; Costa, Silvia F.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3547

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality among hospitalized patients and incurs high costs. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can trigger both inflammatory and thrombotic processes, and these complications can lead to a poorer prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association and temporal trends of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), hospital mortality, and costs among inpatients with COVID-19. METHODS: Data were extracted from electronic patient records and laboratory databases. Crude and adjusted associations for age, sex, number of comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission, and D-dimer or CRP logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. RESULTS: Between March and June 2020, COVID-19 was documented in 3,254 inpatients. The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL fibrinogen equivalent unit (FEU) mortality odds ratio (OR) was 4.48 (adjusted OR: 1.97). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for death was 7.73 (adjusted OR: 3.93). The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL FEU VTE OR was 3.96 (adjusted OR: 3.26). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for VTE was 2.71 (adjusted OR: 1.92). All these analyses were statistically significant (p<0.001). Stratified hospital costs demonstrated a dose-response pattern. Adjusted D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher mortality and doubled hospital costs. In the first week, elevated D-dimer levels predicted VTE occurrence and systemic inflammatory harm, while CRP was a hospital mortality predictor. CONCLUSION: D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher hospital mortality and a higher incidence of VTE. D-dimer was more strongly associated with VTE, although its discriminative ability was poor, while CRP was a stronger predictor of hospital mortality. Their use outside the usual indications should not be modified and should be discouraged.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3547

Diretriz Brasileira de Cardio-oncologia – 2020
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Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão

; Costa, Isabela Bispo Santos da Silva da

; Lopes, Marcelo Antônio Cartaxo Queiroga

; Hoff, Paulo Marcelo Gehm

; Diz, Maria Del Pilar Estevez

; Fonseca, Silvia Moulin Ribeiro

; Bittar, Cristina Salvadori

; Rehder, Marília Harumi Higuchi dos Santos

; Rizk, Stephanie Itala

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Fernandes, Gustavo dos Santos

; Beck-da-Silva, Luís

; Campos, Carlos Augusto Homem de Magalhães

; Montera, Marcelo Westerlund

; Alves, Sílvia Marinho Martins

; Fukushima, Júlia Tizue

; Santos, Maria Verônica Câmara dos

; Negrão, Carlos Eduardo

; Silva, Thiago Liguori Feliciano da

; Ferreira, Silvia Moreira Ayub

; Malachias, Marcus Vinicius Bolivar

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; Valente Neto, Manuel Maria Ramos

; Fonseca, Veronica Cristina Quiroga

; Soeiro, Maria Carolina Feres de Almeida

; Alves, Juliana Barbosa Sobral

; Silva, Carolina Maria Pinto Domingues Carvalho

; Sbano, João

; Pavanello, Ricardo

; Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli F.

; Simão, Antônio Felipe

; Dracoulakis, Marianna Deway Andrade

; Hoff, Ana Oliveira

; Assunção, Bruna Morhy Borges Leal

; Novis, Yana

; Testa, Laura

; Alencar Filho, Aristóteles Comte de

; Cruz, Cecília Beatriz Bittencourt Viana

; Pereira, Juliana

; Garcia, Diego Ribeiro

; Nomura, Cesar Higa

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli

; Marcatti, Patricia Tavares Felipe

; Mathias Junior, Wilson

; Wiermann, Evanius Garcia

; Val, Renata do

; Freitas, Helano

; Coutinho, Anelisa

; Mathias, Clarissa Maria de Cerqueira

; Vieira, Fernando Meton de Alencar Camara

; Sasse, André Deeke

; Rocha, Vanderson

; Ramires, José Antônio Franchini

; Kalil Filho, Roberto

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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nov 2020, Volume 115 N. 5 Pages 1006 - 1043

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20201006 4180 downloads

Screening of Strongyloides infection using an ELISA test in transplant candidates
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Toledo, Beatriz

; Corral, Marcelo A.

; Meisel, Dirce Mary C.L.

; Gottardi, Maiara

; Abdala, Edson

; Costa, Silvia F.

; Pierrotti, Lígia Camera

; Lescano, Susana A.Z.

; Gonçalves, Elenice M.N.

; Castilho, Vera L.P.

; Chieffi, Pedro P.

; Gryschek, Ronaldo C.B.

; Paula, Fabiana M.

Clinics

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2019, Volume 74 elocation e698

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: Hyperinfection or disseminated strongyloidiasis has been frequently reported after transplants and is related to high mortality. This study aimed to screen for strongyloidiasis using serological diagnoses in transplant candidates. METHODS: An ELISA test was performed with filariform larvae of Strongyloides venezuelensis as a source of antigen. RESULTS: In the serum from transplant candidates, anti-Strongyloides IgG antibodies were detected in 35/150 (23.3%) samples by soluble fractions in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 31/150 (20.7%) samples by soluble fractions in Tris-HCl, 27/150 (18.0%) samples by membrane fractions in PBS and 22/150 (14.7%) samples by membrane fractions in Tris-HCl. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest the ELISA test, ideally using soluble fractions of filariform larvae S. venezuelensis in PBS, as an additional strategy for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in transplant candidates.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2019/e698 1065 downloads

ELECTRONIC MONITORING SYSTEM FOR MEASURING HEART RATE AND SKIN TEMPERATURE IN SMALL RUMINANTS
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Costa, Daniel dos S.

; Turco, Silvia H. N.

; Ramos, Rodrigo P.

; Silva, Flaviane M. F. M.

; Freire, Murilo S.

Engenharia Agrícola

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apr 2018, Volume 38 N. 2 Pages 166 - 172

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The electronic monitoring of physiological responses is essential for managing animal production systems considering market demands for animal welfare. The objective of this study was to design, build, and test an electronic monitoring system, with recording and wireless transmission capability, for measuring the heart rate and skin temperature in small ruminants. The system had two components: a mobile base unit, mounted on the animal under study, and a fixed base unit. Wireless communication between the mobile and fixed units was performed using a Xbee Series 2 radio frequency transceiver whereas data were recorded and transferred to a secure digital card in the mobile unit. The device was mounted in Santa Inês crossbred sheep using reference equipment while the animals were restrained in steel cages. Subsequently, the device was validated in free-living Dorper sheep in two collection periods (morning and afternoon). The results indicated that the monitoring system accurately measured physiological responses and efficiently recorded and transmitted data, particularly heart rate data. However, one of the limitations was low energy autonomy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v38n2p166-172/2018 2974 downloads

10.

Second-generation pterocarpanquinones: synthesis and antileishmanial activity
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Faiões, Viviane dos Santos

; Frota, Lívia C. R. M. da

; Cunha-Junior, Edézio Ferreira

; Barcellos, Julio C. F.

; Silva, Thayssa Da

; Daher Netto, Chaquip

; Da-Silva, Silvia Amaral Gonçalves

; Silva, Alcides J. M. da

; Costa, Paulo R. R.

; Torres-Santos, Eduardo Caio

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2018, Volume 24 elocation 35

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Despite the development of new therapies for leishmaniasis, among the 200 countries or territories reporting to the WHO, 87 were identified as endemic for Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and 75 as endemic for Visceral Leishmaniasis. The identification of antileishmanial drug candidates is essential to fill the drug discovery pipeline for leishmaniasis. In the hit molecule LQB-118 selected, the first generation of pterocarpanquinones was effective and safe against experimental visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis via oral delivery. In this paper, we report the synthesis and antileishmanial activity of the second generation of pterocarpanoquinones. Methods: The second generation of pterocarpanquinones 2a-f was prepared through a palladium-catalyzed oxyarylation of dihydronaphtalen and chromens with iodolawsone, easily prepared by iodination of lawsone. The spectrum of antileishmanial activity was evaluated in promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, and L. infantum. Toxicity was assessed in peritoneal macrophages and selective index calculated by CC50/IC50. Oxidative stress was measured by intracellular ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential in treated cells. Results: In this work, we answered two pertinent questions about the structure of the first-generation pterocarpanquinones: the configuration and positions of rings B (pyran) and C (furan) and the presence of oxygen in the B ring. When rings B and C are exchanged, we noted an improvement of the activity against promastigotes and amastigotes of L. amazonensis and promastigotes of L. infantum. As to the oxygen in ring B of the new generation, we observed that the oxygenated compound 2b is approximately twice as active against L. braziliensis promastigotes than its deoxy derivative 2a. Another modification that improved the activity was the addition of the methylenedioxy group. A variation in the susceptibility among species was evident in the clinically relevant form of the parasite, the intracellular amastigote. L. amazonensis was the species most susceptible to novel derivatives, whilst L. infantum was resistant to most of them. The pterocarpanoquinones (2b and 2c) that possess the oxygen atom in ring B showed induction of increased ROS production. Conclusions: The data presented indicate that the pterocarpanoquinones are promising compounds for the development of new leishmanicidal agents.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40409-018-0174-7 609 downloads

11.

Anterior six arms prolene mesh for high stage vaginal prolapse: five years follow-up
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de Toledo, Luis Gustavo M.

; Costa-Matos, André

; Hwang, Susane Mey

; Richetti, Raquel Dória Ramos

; Carramão, Silvia S.

; Auge, Antônio P. F.

International braz j urol

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jun 2017, Volume 43 N. 3 Pages 525 - 532

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction In high stage vaginal prolapse, recurrence risk patients, anterior and apical defects need to be addressed in the same procedure. The pre-molded commercial mesh kits are expensive and not always available. Alternative effective and safe treatment ways, with lower costs are desirable. Objective To present long term follow-up of patients treated with a homemade mesh shape to correct high stage prolapses. Materials and Methods We describe prospectively 18 patients with anterior and apical vaginal prolapses, stages III and IV, repaired using this specific design of mesh. All patients were submitted to pre-operative clinical evaluation and urodynamics. Prolapse was classified using the pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q). Intervention Prolapse surgery, using a six arms prolene mesh, through a single anterior vaginal incision. Outcome Measurements: POP-Q, patients satisfaction, descriptive statistical analysis. Results Between February 2009 and Oct 2010, 18 consecutive women underwent the above-mentioned surgery. Mean age was 68 years. At a mean follow-up of .,4 years (5 to 5.8 years), 16 (89%) patients were continent, mean Ba point came from +4.7cm to - 2.5cm, mean C point from +2.8cm to -6.6cm and mean Bp point from +1.3 to -1.7cm. There were two (11%) objective failures, but all the patients were considered success subjectively. There were two cases of mesh vaginal extrusion. Conclusions The homemade six arms prolene mesh allows concomitant correction of anterior and apical prolapses, through a single anterior vaginal incision, being an effective, safe and affordable treatment option when mesh is needed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2016.0482 1082 downloads

12.

COMPARISON OF METHODS TO IDENTIFY Neisseria meningitidis IN ASYMPTOMATIC CARRIERS
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RIZEK, Camila F.

; LUIZ, André Machado

; ASSIS, Gracilene Ramos de

; COSTA, Silvia Figueiredo

; LEVIN, Anna Sara

; LOPES, Marta Heloisa

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2016, Volume 58 elocation 60

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY Neisseria meningitidis is a cause of several life-threatening diseases and can be a normal commensal in the upper respiratory tract of healthy carriers. The carrier rate is not well established especially because there is no standard method for the isolation of N. meningitidis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare identification methods for the carrier state. Two swabs were collected from 190 volunteers: one was cultured and the other had DNA extracted directly from the sample. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to determine species and serogroups and compared the results between the methods. PCR for species determination used two pairs of primers and when there was only one amplicon, it was sequenced. The culture technique was positive in 23 (12.1%) subjects while the direct extraction method was positive in 132 (69.5%), p < 0.001. Among the 135 subjects with positive N. meningitides tests, 88 (65.2%) were serogroup C; 3 (2.2%) serogroup B; 5 (3.7%) were positive for both serogroup B and C, and 39 (28.9%) did not belong to any of the tested serogroups. In this study, PCR from DNA extracted directly from swabs identified more N. meningitidis asymptomatic carriers than the culture technique.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201658060 2486 downloads

13.

Composition and structure of the fig wasp community in Amazonia
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CASTRO, Raquel Ribeiro de Souza

; REZENDE, Alinne Costa Cavalcante

; ROQUE, Rosemary Aparecida

; JUSTINIANO, Silvia Cassia Brandão

; SANTOS, Otilene dos Anjos

Acta Amazonica

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dec 2015, Volume 45 N. 4 Pages 355 - 364

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A compreensão sobre as complexas interações ecológicas envolvendo vespas-de-figo e suas plantas hospedeiras na Amazônia depende do conhecimento prévio sobre a distribuição e diversidade dessas vespas. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a composição e estrutura da comunidade de vespas associadas a quatro espécies de Ficus no município de Manaus, Amazonas. Foram coletados e analisados 600 sicônios de quatro espécies: Ficus obtusifolia Kunth; Ficus citrifolia Mill; F. americana subspecies guianensis Desv. forma mathewsii; and F. americana subspecies guianensis Desv. forma parkeriana. Análises estatísticas foram usadas para analisar a relação entre a diversidade de vespas-de-figo e o diâmetro do sicônio, e o efeito das vespas não-polnizadoras em relação ao número de polinizadoras e sementes. Foram encontradas 43 espécies de vespas-de-figo distribuídas em sete gêneros (Pegoscapus, Idarnes, Aepocerus, Physothorax, Anidarnes, Heterandrium , Eurytoma). Idarnes grupo carme foi o gênero de vespas não-polinizadora com maior numero de individuos com maior numero de sicônios infestado (7.409 vespas em 376 sicônios). Ao analisar a diversidade de vespas não-polinizadoras em relação ao diâmetro do figo observou-se diferença significativa entre as quatro espécies de figueiras. Ficus citrifolia e F. americana, subespécie guianensis, forma mathewsii apresentaram o diâmetro menor, porém uma maior diversidade de vespas-de-figo. Ficus obtusifolia foi a única espécie em que as vespas não-polinizadoras exerceram efeito negativo significativo tanto no número de Pegoscapus sp. quanto na produção de sementes.

An understanding of the complex ecological interaction between fig wasps and their host plants in Amazonia requires previous knowledge of their distribution and diversity. The objective of this study was to describe the composition and structure of the wasp community associated with four species of Ficus in the municipal area of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. A total of 600 syconia from four species were collected. The study species were: Ficus obtusifolia Kunth; Ficus citrifolia Mill; F. americana subspecies guianensis Desv. form mathewsii; and F. americana subspecies guianensis Desv. form parkeriana. Statistical analyses were used to examine the relationship between fig wasp diversity and syconium diameter, and the effect of non-pollinating wasps on numbers of pollinators and seeds. Forty three species of fig wasp were identified, distributed across seven genera (Pegoscapus, Idarnes, Aepocerus, Physothorax, Anidarnes, Heterandrium , Eurytoma). Idarnes (carme group) was the wasps genus non-pollinator with greatest number of individuals with the greatest number of infested syconia (7409 wasps in 376 syconia). Analysing non-pollinating wasp diversity in relation to fig diameter, a significant difference was observed between the four fig species. Ficus citrifolia and F. americana subspecies guianensis form mathewsii had the smallest diameter but the greatest diversity of fig wasp. Ficus obtusifolia was the only species in which the non-pollinating wasps had a significant negative effect on the number of Pegoscapus sp. and on seed production.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201500173 2933 downloads

14.

Internal ambience of beehives Apis mellifera with different colors and roofing materials in the sub middle of the São Francisco Valley
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Souza, Maria de F. P

; Turco, Silvia H. N.

; Silva, Eva M. S

; Costa, Daniel dos S

; Freire, Murilo S.

Engenharia Agrícola

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aug 2015, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 625 - 634

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de três tipos de cores e dois materiais de cobertura sob a temperatura interna de colônias de abelhas Apis mellifera. O experimento foi conduzido no Câmpus de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, localizada em Petrolina-PE, em novembro e dezembro de 2013, utilizando 24 colônias alojadas em colmeias do tipo Langstroth. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (3x2), sendo três cores de caixa (azul, branca e tradicional) e dois tipos de tampa (com e sem o uso de gesso), com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram registrados dados de temperatura interna das colônias a cada hora, durante as 24 horas, e de temperatura superficial a cada hora, entre as 8 h e as 17 h. Os maiores valores de temperatura superficial e interna foram registrados em caixas pintadas de azul sem o uso da placa de gesso e em caixas pintadas de azul cobertas com placa de gesso, respectivamente. Já os menores valores foram encontrados em colmeias pintadas de branco e que não receberam a placa de gesso. Recomenda-se pintar as caixas de cores claras, e o uso da placa de gesso não influenciou na redução da temperatura interna das mesmas.

ABSTRACT The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of three colors and two types of roofing materials under the internal temperature of bee colonies Apis mellifera. The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Sciences Campus at the Federal University of Sao Francisco Valley located in Petrolina-PE, in November and December 2013, using 24 colonies housed in Langstroth hives. The experiment was a completely randomized factorial design (3x2) with three colors of box (blue, white, and traditional) and two types of cover (with and without the use of plaster) with six treatments and four replications. The internal temperature dates of the colonies were hourly recorded, during 24 hours, and surface temperatures were hourly recorded between 08h00 and 17h00. The highest values for surface and internal temperature were registered in the blue painted boxes without the use of plasterboard, and the blue painted boxes covered with plasterboard respectively. However, the lowest values were found in the white painted hives and hives that have not received the plasterboard. It is recommended to paint boxes with bright colors, and the use of plasterboard had no effect in reducing the internal temperature.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v35n4p625-634/2015 1249 downloads

15.

Update of the Brazilian floristic list of Algae and Cyanobacteria
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Menezes, Mariângela

; Bicudo, Carlos E. M.

; Moura, Carlos W. N.

; Alves, Aigara M.

; Santos, Alana A.

; Pedrini, Alexandre de G.

; Araújo, Andréa

; Tucci, Andrea

; Fajar, Aurelio

; Malone, Camila

; Kano, Cecília H.

; Sant'Anna, Célia L.

; Branco, Ciro Z.

; Odebrecht, Clarisse

; Peres, Cleto K.

; Neuhaus, Emanuel B.

; Eskinazi-Leça, Enide

; Aquino, Eveline

; Nauer, Fabio

; Santos, Gabriel N.

; Amado Filho, Gilberto M.

; Lyra, Goia M.

; Borges, Gyslaine C.P.

; Costa, Iara O.

; Nogueira, Ina de S.

; Oliveira, Ivania B.

; Paula, Joel. C.de

; Nunes, José M. de C.

; Lima, Jucicleide C.

; Santos, Kleber R.S.

; Ferreira, Leandro C.

; Gestinari, Lísia M.S.

; Cardoso, Luciana S.

; Figueiredo, Marcia A.O.

; Silva, Marcos H.

; Barreto, Maria B.B.B.

; Henriques, Maria C.O.

; Cunha, Maria da G.G.S.

; Bandeira-Pedrosa, Maria E.

; Oliveira-Carvalho, Maria F.

; Széchy, Maria T.M.

; Azevedo, Maria T.P.

; Oliveira, Mariana C. de

; Cabezudo, Mariê M.

; Santiago, Marilene F.

; Bergesh, Marli

; Fujii, Mutuê T.

; Bueno, Norma C.

; Necchi Jr., Orlando

; Jesus, Priscila B.

; Bahia, Ricardo G.

; Khader, Samir

; Alves-da-Silva, Sandra M.

; Guimarães, Silvia M.P.B.

; Pereira, Sonia M.B.

; Caires, Taiara A.

; Meurer, Thamis

; Cassano, Valéria

; Werner, Vera R.

; Gama Jr., Watson A. da

; Silva, Weliton J. da

Rodriguésia

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2015, Volume 66 N. 4 Pages 1047 - 1062

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Apresenta-se uma síntese atualizada de informações sobre algas no Brasil objetivando refinar os dados reunidos até o presente, bem como avaliar os avanços sobre o conhecimento da diversidade de algas no país desde a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil. Os resultados de 2015 mostraram um acréscimo de 1.250 espécies (35.7%) a um total de 4.747 em relação a 2010. As classes mais diversas em número de espécies foram Bacillariophyceae, Conjugatophyceae, Florideophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae e Euglenophyceae. Bacillariophyceae e Cyanophyceae tiveram o maior acréscimo de espécies no intervalo de cinco anos. A região Sudeste e Sul foram as mais diversas, porém, as regiões Nordeste com os estados do Piauí e Sergipe e Centro-Oeste com os estados de Mato Grosso, Goiás e Distrito Federal destacaram-se no cenário da biodiversidade nacional. Apesar da escassez de taxonomistas e da infraestrutura limitada, os resultados obtidos evidenciaram um avanço significativo no conhecimento da diversidade de algas no país nesse período de cinco anos, iniciando uma mudança quanto as diferenças geográficas regionais.

Abstract An updated synthesis of cyanobacteria and algae information is presented for Brazil aiming to refine the data gathered to date and evaluate the progress of the biodiversity knowledge about these organisms in the country since the publication of the Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil. The results of 2015 showed an increase of 1,250 species (35.7%) when compared to 2010, reaching a total of 4,747 species. The most diverse classes in species number were the Bacillariophyceae, Conjugatophyceae, Florideophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae and Euglenophyceae. Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae had the highest increase in species number in the five-year interval. The Southeast and South regions were the most diverse, however, the Northeast, with the states of Piauí and Sergipe, and the Central-west region, with Mato Grosso, Goiás and Distrito Federal, also stood out in the national algal biodiversity scenario. Despite the shortage of taxonomists and limited infrastructure, the results showed a significant improvement in the knowledge regarding the diversity of cyanobacteria and algae in the country during the study period, starting to even out regional geographical differences caused by subsampling.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566408 4865 downloads

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