RESUMO Objetivos: descrever o processo de construção e validação do Guia de Enfermagem Escolar para promoção da saúde de jovens estudantes. Métodos: estudo metodológico, realizado de fevereiro a dezembro de 2021, composto por Pesquisa Convergente-Assistencial fundamentada no Modelo de Promoção da Saúde de Pender. A partir da literatura e diálogo com 11 enfermeiros nos sete grupos focais online, foram construídas ações. Posteriormente, 24 juízes avaliaram o conteúdo e a aparência. Resultados: o guia propõe estratégias para o desenvolvimento das práticas de enfermagem escolar enfocando a promoção da saúde. O Índice de Validade de Aparência variou de 0,63 a 1,0, e o total foi de 0,84. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo variou de 0,95 a 1,0, e o total foi de 0,997. Conclusões: o guia incorporou as necessidades dos jovens reconhecidas pelos profissionais, e a fase de avaliação confirma sua validação, podendo ser utilizado no contexto da prática com jovens.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe the process of construction and validity of a School Nursing Guide for student health promotion. Methods: a methodological study, carried out from February to December 2021, composed of Convergent Care Research based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model. Based on the literature and dialogue with 11 nurses in the seven online focus groups, actions were constructed. Subsequently, 24 judges assessed content and appearance. Results: the guide proposes strategies for developing school nursing practices focusing on health promotion. The Appearance Validity Index ranged from 0.63 to 1.0, and the total was 0.84. The Content Validity Index ranged from 0.95 to 1.0, and the total was 0.997. Conclusions: the guide incorporated the needs of young people recognized by professionals, and the assessment phase confirms its validity, and can be used in the context of practice with young people.

RESUMEN Objetivos: describir el proceso de construcción y validación de la Guía Escolar de Enfermería para la promoción de la salud de los jóvenes estudiantes. Métodos: estudio metodológico, realizado de febrero a diciembre de 2021, compuesto por Investigación de Atención Convergente basada en el Modelo de Promoción de la Salud de Pender. Con base en la literatura y el diálogo con 11 enfermeras en los siete grupos focales en línea, se construyeron acciones. Posteriormente, 24 jueces evaluaron el contenido y la apariencia. Resultados: la guía propone estrategias para el desarrollo de prácticas escolares de enfermería con foco en la promoción de la salud. El índice de validez de apariencia osciló entre 0,63 y 1,0 y el total fue de 0,84. El índice de validez de contenido osciló entre 0,95 y 1,0 y el total fue de 0,997. Conclusiones: la guía incorporó las necesidades de los jóvenes reconocidas por los profesionales, y la fase de evaluación confirma su validación, pudiendo ser utilizada en el contexto de la práctica con jóvenes.

RESUMO Contexto: A litíase biliar pode ser definida como a presença de cálculo ou barro biliar na vesícula e/ou nos ductos biliares. A doença pode ser assintomática ou sintomática, podendo levar a complicações e, consequentemente, a um pior prognóstico, como colecistite aguda, coledocolitíase, colangite e pancreatite aguda. O risco de complicações aumenta após o primeiro episódio de cólica biliar. Objetivo: Avaliação clínica-epidemiológica dos pacientes internados em enfermaria de gastroenterologia de um hospital terciário, com complicações relacionadas à litíase biliar. Métodos: Foram avaliados 158 pacientes internados no período de 1º de janeiro de 2013 a 24 de fevereiro de 2021, por meio de análise de relatório de alta e prontuário. Resultados: Houve uma predominância do sexo feminino (76,6%), e a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 51,6 anos. Homens eram significativamente mais velhos que as mulheres (P=0,005). A maioria (57,6%) apresentava alguma comorbidade, sendo as mais frequentes: hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e obesidade. A média de tempo de internação foi de 24 dias, sendo significativamente maior para os homens (P=0,046), mas sem relação direta com a idade (P=0,414). A complicação mais frequente foi a coledocolitíase, e 55,7% dos pacientes sem colecistectomia prévia apresentaram relato de cólica biliar antes da internação, em média, 1,5 anos antes. Histórico de colecistectomia prévia estava presente em 17,1% dos avaliados. Ultrassonografia abdominal, seguida de colangiorressonância magnética foram os exames complementares mais frequentemente realizados para definição diagnóstica. Em relação às medidas terapêuticas, a colangiopancreatografia endoscópica retrógrada (CPRE) foi necessária em 47,3% dos pacientes sem colecistectomia prévia e 81,4% dos pacientes com colecistectomia prévia. Dos pacientes ainda não colecistectomizados, 84% deles puderam ser submetidos ao procedimento antes da alta. Conclusão: Houve predomínio do sexo feminino. Os homens foram significativamente mais velhos do que as mulheres e tiveram uma permanência hospitalar consideravelmente mais longa. A complicação mais frequente foi a coledocolitíase, e cerca de metade dos pacientes relatou cólica biliar prévia. A CPRE foi necessária para a maioria dos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Background: Gallstones are the presence of bile clay in the gallbladder or bile ducts. The disease can be asymptomatic or symptomatic and can lead to complications and consequently a worse prognosis, such as acute cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, and acute pancreatitis. The risk of complications increases after the first episode of biliary colic. Objective: A clinical-epidemiological evaluation of patients admitted to a gastroenterology ward of a tertiary care hospital with gallstone-related complications. Methods: We evaluated 158 patients admitted through discharge reports and medical records analysis from January 1, 2013, to February 24, 2021. Results: The female sex was predominant (76.6%), and the mean age of patients was 51.6 years. Men were significantly older than women (P=0.005). Most (57.6%) had some comorbidity, the most frequent being systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. The mean hospitalization time was 24 days, significantly longer in men (P=0.046) but without a direct relationship with age (P=0.414). The most frequent complication was choledocholithiasis, and 55.7% of patients without previous cholecystectomy had a report of biliary colic before admission, on average 1.5 years previously. A history of a prior cholecystectomy was present in 17.1% of those evaluated. Abdominal ultrasonography followed by magnetic resonance cholangiography was the most frequently performed exam for diagnostic definition. Regarding therapeutic measures, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was necessary for 47.3% of patients without previous cholecystectomy and 81.4% of patients who have already had a cholecystectomy. Among patients not yet cholecystectomized, 84% underwent the procedure before discharge. Conclusion: The female patients were predominant. Men were significantly older than women and had more extended hospital stays. The most frequent complication was choledocholithiasis, and around half of the patients reported previous biliary colic. endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography has been necessary for the majority of the patients.

ABSTRACT Air navigation is increasingly dependent on the use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). It allows the determination of the aircraft’s position in all phases of the flight and brings many advantages. Although GNSS navigation results in gains, the radio signals from these systems are strongly influenced by the ionospheric environment. It introduces errors that can affect the accuracy, integrity, availability and continuity requirements established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The ionospheric layer has different behaviors depending on the latitude, time of day, season of the year, geomagnetic activity and solar cycle. Since Brazil is located in a region of low latitudes, it experiences a series of unique challenges when compared to regions of mid-latitudes. For this reason, the application of GNSS-based technologies in aviation over the Brazilian territory requires an in-depth assessment of the ionosphere effects. Therefore, the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) named GNSS Technology for Supporting Air Navigation was formed in 2017 to better assess the ionosphere impacts and assist government agencies and companies in the development of safe air navigation procedures over Brazil in a near future. This paper presents the most relevant advances achieved so far within this multidisciplinary project that involves Brazilian research centers and universities.

Abstract The present work describes the use of a simulation model based on asymptotic methods (ray tracing) on the propagation of ultra-wideband radio signals in a densely-arborized urban channel. The model was previously validated and adjusted using data obtained from measurement campaigns in the millimeter-wave band in locations different from the one to be analyzed here. The simulation uses deterministic methods to predict the received power, cross-polar discrimination, root mean square delay spread, and mean delay in a channel with a high density of scatterers (trees, buildings, and poles). Simulated signals were transmitted in the vertical and horizontal polarizations, considering non-specular reflections caused by rough surfaces and the effect of the transmitter’s height variation in outdoor channels.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aims to know the main determinants of hesitation to the vaccine against COVID-19 mentioned by medical students in Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 250 students who answered the online questionnaire between December 18, 2020 and January 8, 2021. RESULTS: Most students (84%) mentioned the intention to take anti-COVID vaccine and 14% were hesitant. Information provided by governments (59.2%), the pharmaceutical industry (54.4%), and the press (51.6%) were the items that most generated vaccine hesitation. CONCLUSION: In the context of the COVID-19, vaccine hesitation is an additional concern because adherence to vaccination is a recurring challenge. The category of contextual influences predominated among the main determinants of anti-COVID vaccine hesitation expressed by medical students in Brazil, disfavoring vaccine adherence in this public.

ABSTRACT Objective: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a rare and challenging diagnosis requiring early treatment. The diagnostic criteria involve clinical, laboratory, and complementary tests. This review aims to draw pediatrician attention to this diagnosis, suggesting early treatment strategies, and proposing a pediatric emergency care flowchart. Sources: The PubMed/MEDLINE/WHO COVID-19 databases were reviewed for original and review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case series, and recommendations from medical societies and health organizations published through July 3, 2020. The reference lists of the selected articles were manually searched to identify any additional articles. Summary of the findings: COVID-19 infection is less severe in children than in adults, but can present as MIS-C, even in patients without comorbidities. There is evidence of an exacerbated inflammatory response with potential systemic injury, and it may present with aspects similar to those of Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome, and macrophage activation syndrome. MIS-C can develop weeks after COVID-19 infection, suggesting an immunomediated cause. The most frequent clinical manifestations include fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, rash, mucous membrane changes, and cardiac dysfunction. Elevated inflammatory markers, lymphopenia, and coagulopathy are common laboratory findings. Supportive treatment and early immunomodulation can control the intense inflammatory response and reduce complications and mortality. Conclusions: MIS-C associated with COVID-19 is serious, rare, and potentially fatal. The emergency department pediatrician must recognize and treat it early using immunomodulatory strategies to reduce systemic injury. Further studies are needed to identify the disease pathogenesis and establish the most appropriate treatment.

Resumo Realizamos um levantamento taxonômico das Bignoniaceae ocorrentes na Fazenda Aba, localizada no município de Passagem, estado da Paraíba (Nordeste do Brasil). Este inventário foi baseado em materiais coletados em excursões mensais de coleta realizadas entre 2014 e 2017. Para todas as espécies coletadas, apresentamos descrições, informações sobre distribuição, comentários taxonômicos, chave de identificação, ilustrações e fotografias. Registramos a ocorrência de nove espécies distribuídas em seis gêneros. O gênero mais representativo é Tanaecium com três espécies, seguido de Anemopaegma, com duas espécies. Os outros quatro gêneros, Dolichandra, Fridericia, Handroanthus e Tabebuia estão representados por uma única espécie cada.

Abstract We conducted a taxonomic survey of the Bignoniaceae from the “Fazenda Aba,” located at the municipality of Passagem, within the state of Paraiba (Northeastern Brazil). This inventory was based on material collected during monthly field expeditions between 2014 and 2017. For all collected species, we provide descriptions, information on the distribution, taxonomic comments, an identification key, illustrations, and photos. We recorded nine species distributed in six genera. The most representative genus is Tanaecium with three species, followed by Anemopaegma, with two species. The other four genera, Dolichandra, Fridericia, Handroanthus, and Tabebuia are represented by a single species each.

Resumo: Introdução: O curso de Medicina possui fatores potencialmente estressantes que podem gerar adoecimento psíquico nos alunos. Métodos curriculares alternativos ao sistema tradicional, como aAprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP), podem ter impacto na saúde mentaldos discentes. O objetivo deste estudo foirealizar uma revisão sistemática de estudos que avaliaram a saúde mental de estudantes de Medicina submetidos ao método ABP. Método: Realizou-se uma busca de alta sensibilidade nas principais bases de dados científicas associadas àsaúde mental (CochraneLibrary, Medline via PubMed, Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde(BVS), Eric e Embase) com inserção até 22 de setembro de 2019. Os descritos indexados e os termos de identificação foram definidos por especialistas e avaliados pelo grupo de tecnologia da informação da Universidade Estadual do Pará.Os critérios de inclusão para os estudos obtidos por meioda busca foram: artigos apresentados na íntegra, escritos em qualquer língua, publicados no período de 1998 a 2018, com foco na saúde mental de alunos do curso de Medicina submetidos ao método ABP. Excluíram-se os trabalhos que não avaliaram a saúde mental, os artigos em que a amostra não foi submetida à metodologia de ensino ABP e aqueles de revisão literária. Após a seleção, os artigos foram avaliados duplamente por revisores independentes quanto ao risco de viés e à qualidade de evidência mediante a ferramenta Robins-I. Resultados: Identificaram-se 1.261 estudos, dos quais se excluíram 1.251 conforme orientaçãodoprotocolo Prisma, restando dezartigos ao final, os quais foram sintetizados de forma descritiva. Em geral, os estudos têm mostrado que o método de ABP, em comparação com o método tradicional, promove melhor desempenho acadêmico, bem como estimula atividades práticas, fato que gera certo grau de satisfação. Conclusão: Os discentes de Medicina submetidos ao método ABP são associados a resultados adequados de aprendizado e desempenho médico-científico. Entretanto,metodologias científicas mais assertivas, baseadas em critérios metodológicos mais rigorosos,são necessárias para elucidar de forma mais abrangente os benefícios e danos dessa metodologia pedagógica.

Abstract: Introduction: Medical students are subjected to potentially stressful factors that can lead to psychological illness. Alternatives to traditional training methods, such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL), can impact on students’ mental health. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of studies that evaluate the mental health of medical students submitted to the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method. Method: A highly sensitive search was carried out in the main scientific databases associated with mental health (Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PUBMED, Regional Health Portal (VHL), Eric and EMBASE) with inclusion up to September 22, 2019. Indexed descriptions and identification terms were defined by specialists and evaluated by the information technology group of the StateUniversity of Pará. The inclusion criteria for the study search were: articles presented in full, written in any language, published in the period from 1998 to 2018, focusing on the mental health of medical students submitted to the PBLmethod. Articles that did not assess mental health, articles in which the sample was not submitted to PBL, andreview articleswere excluded. After selection, the articles were assessed twice by independent reviewers for risk of bias and quality of evidence using the ROBINS-I tool. Results: 1261 studies were identified, of which 1251 were excluded following the PRISMA protocol, leaving a final sample of ten articles, which were descriptively summarized.In general, studies have shown that PBL, compared to traditional teaching methods, promotes better academic performance, as well as stimulating practical activities, a fact that generates a certain degree of satisfaction. Conclusion: Medical students submitted to the PBL method are more likely to be associated with better learning outcomes and medical-scientific performance. However, better study designs, based on rigorous systematic methodologies are required in order to elucidate the benefits and harms of this educational methodology.

Resumo: Devido à nova lei internacional de padrões éticos, saber o que os contadores e estudantes de contabilidade percebem como ético é de extrema importância. Uma pesquisa online com 29 questões foi conduzida no MS/Brasil com diferentes cenários, envolvendo diferentes aspectos que podem influenciar a decisão de alguém, para avaliar a aceitação de comportamentos antiéticos. Os resultados mostraram diferenças entre a percepção ética dos estudantes e contadores, mas a diferença foi maior baseada no gênero.

Abstract: Due to the new international ethics standards law, knowing what Brazilian accountants and accounting students perceive as ethical is extremely important. An online survey with 29 questions was conducted in MS/Brazil with different scenarios, involving different aspects that may influence someone’s decision, to assess the acceptance of unethical behaviors. The results showed difference in the ethics perception by students and accountants, but the difference was greater based on gender.

Resumen: Debido a la nueva ley internacional de estándares éticos, saber lo que los contadores y estudiantes de contabilidad perciben como ético es muy importante. Una encuesta en línea con 29 preguntas fue conducida en MS/Brasil con diferentes escenarios, involucrando diferentes aspectos que pueden influir en la decisión de alguien, para evaluar la aceptación de comportamientos antiéticos.Los resultados mostraron diferencias entre la percepción ética de los estudiantes y los contadores, pero la diferencia fue mayor basada en el género.

Résumé: En raison de la nouvelle loi internationale sur les normes éthiques, il est important de savoir ce que les comptables et étudiants en comptabilité perçoivent comme éthique.Un sondage en ligne de 29 questions a été mené dans de MS/Brésil. À travers différent scénarios comprenant différents aspects pouvant influencer la décision d’une personne,le sondage évalue l’acceptation de comportements contraires à l’éthique. Les résultats indiquent des différences de perception éthique entre étudiants et comptables, mais la différence est d’avantage marquée selon le sexe du répondant.

Abstract The two-dimensional ray tracing method allows an easy and fast modeling of tropospheric propagation in the microwave frequency range. A version of this method that determines ray trajectories, amplitudes and delays of the electromagnetic field, as well as the propagation loss in a two-dimensional inhomogeneous environment will be described. The implemented algorithm may consider generalized maps of modified refractivity (or refractive modulus), including not only the vertical gradients, but also their horizontal variations along the path between transmitter and receiver. Next, the present paper will discuss the results from the application of a model of evaporation duct height to data from instruments installed in sea buoys located along the Brazilian coast. Finally, the results from the application of the ray-tracing model to evaporation ducts will be presented, to analyze the propagation of microwave signals in the maritime environment. These results will also be compared with corresponding ones from the software Advanced Refractive Effects Prediction System 3.6, based on the numerical solution of a parabolic equation.

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar o índice de trauma cardíaco fatal na cidade de Manaus e esclarecer os mecanismos de trauma e de morte, o tratamento hospitalar prévio, assim como as lesões associadas ao trauma cardíaco. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo, observacional, transversal, que revisou os laudos de necropsias do Instituto Médico Legal de Manaus entre novembro de 2015 e outubro de 2016, cuja causa mortis foi lesão cardíaca. Resultados: o índice de trauma cardíaco foi de 5,98% (138 casos) dentre 2306 necropsias realizadas no período do estudo. Homens foram afetados em 92%. A mediana de idade foi de 27 anos (14 a 83). A arma de fogo foi o mecanismo de trauma em 62,3% e a arma branca em 29,7%. A exsanguinação foi responsável pela maioria das mortes e o tamponamento cardíaco esteve presente em segundo lugar. Óbito no local ocorreu em 86,2%. Os ventrículos foram as câmaras mais lesionadas. O hemotórax foi descrito em 90,6%. Apenas 23 (16,7%) doentes foram removidos até o pronto socorro, porém seis deles (26,2%) não foram submetidos à toracotomia, apenas à drenagem de tórax. O pulmão foi acometido em 57% unilateralmente e 43% bilateralmente. Conclusão: o trauma cardíaco fatal representou um índice de 5,98% na cidade de Manaus. A maioria dos doentes morre na cena do trauma, geralmente devido à exsanguinação causada por ferimento de arma de fogo. Cerca de um quarto dos pacientes que chegaram ao pronto socorro e morreram, não foram diagnosticados com trauma cardíaco em tempo hábil.

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the frequency of fatal cardiac trauma in the city of Manaus, Brazil, between November 2015 and October 2016, and to clarify the mechanisms of trauma and death, previous hospital treatment, as well as the injuries associated with cardiac trauma. Methods: retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional study, which reviewed the necropsy reports of individuals whose cause of death was cardiac injury. Results: the cardiac trauma rate was of 5.98% (138 cases) out of 2,306 necropsies performed in the study period by Instituto Médico Legal (IML) de Manaus (IML is a Brazilian institute responsible for necropsies and cadaveric reports). Males accounted for 92% of the cases. The median age was 27 years (14-83). Gunshot wounds (GSW) was the trauma mechanism in 62.3% and stab wound (SW) in 29.7%. Exsanguination was responsible for most of the deaths and cardiac tamponade was present in second place. On-site death occurred in 86.2% of the cases. The ventricles were the most common site of cardiac injury. Hemothorax was identified in 90.6% of the individuals. Only 23 patients (16.7%) were taken to the hospital (Emergency Room), but six (26.2%) were submitted only to chest drainage, not to thoracotomy. The lung was unilaterally affected in 57% of the cases and bilaterally in 43%. Conclusion: fatal cardiac trauma represented an index of 5.98% in the city of Manaus. Most patients die at the scene of the trauma, usually due to exsanguination caused by gunshot wound. About a quarter of patients who reached the hospital and died were not diagnosed with cardiac trauma in time.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the quality and quantity of biofortified cassava root in a humid tropical environment can be modified with the application of a combination of low- and high-quality residues of leguminous tree species. The experiment was designed as a 6 × 2 factorial (a combination of 4 legume species versus 2 levels of nitrogen) with 4 replications in a randomized block design and the following treatments: Gliricidia + Acacia, Gliricidia + Leucaena, Gliricidia + Clitoria, Leucaena + Acacia, Leucaena + Clitoria, and a control without legumes. We analyzed the shoot weight, number of roots/plant, root weight, root production, proximate composition, as well as the mineral, carotenoid, and pro-vitamin A contents. Root production increased with the application of high-quality residues. The protein level influenced the carotenoid content. The allelopathic effect of exotic genera — Leucaena and Acacia —, especially when combined, can decrease the mineral content such as potassium and, therefore, reduce the accumulation of starch.

RESUMO Inundações ribeirinhas ocasionadas por cheias históricas, como, por exemplo, no ano de 2010 na bacia hidrográfica do rio Mundaú (entre os estados de Alagoas e Pernambuco), promovem danos de grandes proporções. O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor um mapeamento de áreas inundáveis no município de Rio Largo (Alagoas), bacia hidrográfica do Mundaú, através de acoplamento “off-line” de modelos hidrológico/hidráulico (MGB-IPH/HEC-RAS), considerando eventos de cheias extremas com diferentes tempos de retorno de vazão. Foi utilizada uma parametrização voltada para eventos extremos de cheia no modelo hidrológico, utilizando como entrada dados de chuva para diferentes tempos de retorno. A calibração e validação do modelo hidrológico foi adequada em áreas de drenagem superiores a 1.500 km2, o que não foi verificado em áreas de drenagem próximas a nascentes, as quais possuem geologia e tipo e cobertura do solo que propiciam escoamentos superficiais. O modelo hidráulico indicou boa correspondência com os dados pontuais das marcas de cheia do ano de 2010 em áreas rurais e urbanas perto do curso d’água (R2 = 0,99; RMSE = 1,41 m e CV (RMSE) = 0,04). Entretanto, em áreas urbanas distantes do rio, houve uma superestimação, assinalando a necessidade do uso de Modelos Digitais de Superfície mais detalhados. Eventos de cheia com tempo de retorno acima de 50 anos possuem grande potencial de danos (inundação acima de 0,46 km2 na área urbana). Este estudo indicou o uso de modelos acoplados foi viável para representar o mapeamento de áreas inundáveis, quando não é possível realizar uma análise de frequência local de vazões para subsidiar o modelo hidráulico.

ABSTRACT Overbank flooding caused by historically high flows, such as that in the Rio Mundaú watershed (lying between the states of Alagoas and Pernambuco) in 2010, has been the cause of widespread damage. The purpose of work described in this paper was to propose a mapping of areas liable to flooding in the township of Rio Largo (Alagoas) in the Rio Mundaú watershed by means of an “off-line” coupling of the hydrological/hydraulic models (MGB-IPH/HEC-RAS), through consideration of extreme floods with different return periods for discharge. The hydrological model had a parameterization appropriate for extreme floods, using as input rainfall data with different return periods. Calibration and validation of the hydrological model were adequate in drainage areas larger than 1500 km2, but were less acceptable in headwater drainage areas where different geology and soil cover gave rise to surface runoff. The hydraulic model showed good agreement with point observations of flood levels in 2010 in both rural and urban areas along the water-course (R2 = 0.99; RMSE = 1.41 m and CV (RMSE) = 0.04). In urban areas distant from the river, however, flood levels were over-estimated, indicating a need to use more detailed Digital Elevation Models. Flood events with return period greater than 50 years have the potential to cause great damage (floods exceeding 0.46 km2 in the urban area). The study showed that the use of coupled models was a viable approach for mapping areas liable to flooding, when it is not possible to analyse local flow frequencies in support of a hydraulic model.

O estudo objetivou descrever a técnica de obliteração do complexo arteriovenoso ovariano (CAVO) por meio da confecção de um nó sob seu próprio eixo, além de avaliar a eficácia desta técnica hemostática na ovariosalpingohisterectomia de gatas, bem como averiguar os tempos parciais de obliteração dos CAVOs e o tempo total do procedimento. Após treinamento prévio, com auxílio de métodos alternativos para ganho de habilidade cirúrgica, foram realizados procedimentos cirúrgicos in vivo. Realizou-se estudo experimental com finalidade de comparar a técnica proposta com a técnica de ligadura com três pinças hemostáticas. O treinamento in vivo, inicialmente em gatas hígidas e, posteriormente, em portadoras de afecções uterinas, serviu para consolidar a destreza adquirida por meio de métodos alternativos e para averiguar a exequibilidade da técnica descrita, que se mostrou eficaz. No estudo comparativo não houve diferença estatística significativa entre o tempo cirúrgico (p=0,2848) e a obliteração do CAVO direito (p=0,1036) entre os dois grupos, porém foram observadas diferenças significativas no tempo de obliteração do CAVO esquerdo (p=0,0001). Diante dos resultados obtidos a partir das avaliações realizadas no período de observação transoperatória, podemos inferir que a técnica descrita é exequível e promove adequada hemostasia do CAVO.

The present study aimed at describing ovarian arterial venous complex (OVAC) obliteration technique consisting in tying a knot over its own axis. It also aimed at evaluating the efficacy of this hemostatic technique in queens ovariosalpingohisterectomy, as well as checking partial OVAC obliteration time and total procedure time. After previous training – based on alternative methods – for the demanded surgical skills acquisition, in vivo surgical procedures were conducted. Once gathered the necessary skills, an experimental study was carried in order to compare this technique with the linking technique in which three hemostatic clamps are used. In vivo training, firstly applied in healthy queens, and later in uterine affection carriers, helped consolidating the dexterity previously acquired through alternative practice methods, and also contributed to the feasibility verification of the described technique, which showed to be effective. Comparative study did not reveal any significant statistic difference between both groups on total surgical elapsed time (p =0.2848) and time spent for the right OVAC obliteration (p=0.1036), however significant difference was observed on the left OVAC obliteration (p=0.0001). The results obtained during trans-operatory observation led to the conclusion that the described technique is feasible and provides appropriate OVAC hemostasis.

A distribution-free model is presented for the cumulative distribution function of the differential rain attenuation between two co-channel converging terrestrial links operating at frequencies above 10 GHz. This is accomplished through an extension of the Misme and Fimbel model, which determines the cumulative distribution of the rain attenuation on an isolated link from its parameters and data for the radio climatic region, as well as concepts from probability theory. Next, model predictions and experimental results are compared and effects from variations of the angle between the links and of the path length are studied. Finally, rain effects on the cumulative distribution of the C/I ratio between the desired and interference powers at the same receiver are analyzed, considering the angular discrimination of the receiving antenna.