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Resumen La Altillanura es un ecosistema único de los Llanos colombianos, caracterizado por sabanas bien drenadas y grandes extensiones de bosques ribereños. La Altillanura alberga ricas comunidades poco estudiadas y actualmente amenazadas por la agroindustria a gran escala y no planificada. Además, el número de áreas protegidas públicas en la Altillanura no es suficiente para conservar los hábitats y especies amenazados. Por lo tanto, los esfuerzos de las reservas privadas son cruciales para la conservación de la biodiversidad de la región. Presentamos el primer listado de especies del Tomogrande, reserva natural privada y estación de investigación científica en el municipio de Santa Rosalía, Vichada, Colombia. Después de diez años de investigación en curso, hemos registrado 299 especies de plantas, 189 especies de aves y 47 especies de mamíferos. En comparación con otras reservas naturales privadas en Vichada y con el Parque Nacional Tuparro, el área protegida más grande de la región, Tomogrande hace una contribución sustancial a la conservación de los tres grupos taxonómicos. Abogamos por una mejor planificación del paisaje y que prácticas sostenibles sean obligatorias en la Altillanura, a fin de proteger su biodiversidad y los medios de vida de todos los actores que habitan esta región.

Abstract The Altillanura is a unique ecosystem within the Colombian Llanos, characterized by well-drained savannas and extensive riparian forests. The Altillanura harbors a rich assemblage of species, largely understudied and currently under threat by large-scale and unplanned agribusiness. Moreover, the number of public protected areas in the Colombian Llanos, particularly in the Altillanura, is insufficient to conserve the threatened habitats and species. Therefore, conservation efforts by private reserves are crucial for the protection of the region’s biodiversity. Here we present the first species list of the Tomogrande, a private nature reserve and scientific research field station in the municipality of Santa Rosalía, Vichada, Colombia. After ten years of ongoing research, we have recorded 299 species of plants, 189 species of birds, and 47 species of mammals. Compared to other private nature reserves in Vichada and the Tuparro National Park, the largest protected area in the region, Tomogrande makes a substantial contribution to the conservation of all three taxonomic groups. We advocate that better landscape planning and sustainable practices should become mandatory in the Altillanura to protect its biodiversity and the livelihoods of all stakeholders that inhabit this region.

https://doi.org/10.21068/2539200x.1027

Eritrosedimentación extremadamente elevada en pacientes adultos hospitalizados en una institución de alta complejidad en la ciudad de medellín, colombia entre 2016 y 2018
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Correa-Muriel, John Andersson

; Cano-Miranda, Laura María

; Donado-Gómez, Jorge Hernando

Medicas UIS

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dec 2021, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 39 - 45

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Sedimentation rate is an indirect inflammation measure, it rises when increase proteins (acute phase reactants) during inflammatory disorders, extreme high value (≥100mm / hour) has a high specificity for the diagnosis of infectious, neoplastic, and autoimmune diseases. Objective: To characterize inpatients with an extreme elevation of the sedimentation rate, and to establish the correlation between determinant factors and extreme sedimentation. Methods: Observational and cross-sectional study, including patients older than 18 years, with an extremely sedimentation rate, hospitalized in Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe in Medellin city, during November of 2016 to June of 2018. Results: We selected 1007 patients from the data base, Infections were the most common diagnosis (743, 73.8%), and the main type were urinary tract infections (133, 13%). We evidence a negative correlation with the hemoglobin -0.092(0.155 a -0.029) and with the hematocrit -0.087(0.150 a -0.024), and a positive and weak significant correlation with the C-reactive protein 0.080 (0.014 a 0.146) p 0.02. Discussion: The infections, as in other studies, represent the main etiology associated with an extreme sedimentation. Different to other analyzed investigations, we observed a direct, weak and statistically significant correlation between the PCR and the extreme VSG. Conclusions: Infections were the main cause of extreme sedimentation rate. We evidence an inverse correlation between the blood sedimentation and the hemoglobin and the hematocrit, and a weak correlation with the C-reactive protein. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(3): 39-45.

Resumen Introducción: La eritrosedimentación es una medida indirecta de inflamación, se eleva ante un aumento de proteínas (reactantes de fase aguda) durante trastornos inflamatorios, un valor extremadamente elevado ≥100mm/hora) tiene una alta especificidad para el diagnóstico de enfermedades infecciosas, neoplásicas y autoinmunes. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los pacientes hospitalizados con una elevación extrema de la eritrosedimentación, y explorar su asociación con otros factores determinantes. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años, con eritrosedimentación extrema, internados en el Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe de la ciudad de Medellín, desde Noviembre de 2016 hasta Junio de 2018. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 1007 pacientes de la base de datos del hospital, las infecciones, con 743 (73,8%) afectados, fueron el principal diagnóstico relacionado. Se evidenció una correlación negativa de la eritrosedimentación con la hemoglobina -0.092(-0.155 a -0.029) P <0.01 y con el hematocrito -0.087(-0.150 a -0.024) P 0.01, y una positiva significativa débil con la PCR 0.080 (0.014 a 0.146) p 0.02. Discusión: Acorde a otros estudios, las infecciones representaron el primer grupo de elevación extrema, contrario a otro estudio se evidenció una correlación directa, débil y estadísticamente significativa entre la Proteina C reactiva y la eritrosedimentación extremadamente elevada. Conclusión: Las infecciones fueron el principal grupo de enfermedades con eritrosedimentación extrema, se evidenció una correlación inversa entre la eritrosedimentación con la hemoglobina y el hematocrito, y una correlación positiva débil con la proteína C reactiva. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(3): 39-45.

https://doi.org/10.18273/revmed.v34n3-2021004 310 downloads

[SciELO Preprints] - Higher mortality during COVID-19 pandemic in socially vulnerable areas in Belo Horizonte: implications for vaccination prioriti
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Passos, Valéria M A Brant, Luisa C C Pinheiro, Pedro C Correa, Paulo R L Machado, Isis E Santos, Mayara R Ribeiro, Antonio L P Paixão, Lucia M MM Fabiano G Souza, Maria de Fatima M de Malta, Deborah Carvalho

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Publication date: 2021-04-05

Abstract: En Pt

Objective: To assess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic according to social vulnerability by areas of Belo Horizonte (BH), aiming at strategies for vaccination. Methods: Ecological study with mortality analysis, according to census tracts classified by the Health Vulnerability Index, a composite indicator that includes socioeconomic and sanitation variables. Deaths due to natural causes and COVID-19 were obtained from the “Mortality Information System”, between the 10th and 43rd epidemiological weeks (EW) of 2020. Excess mortality was calculated by a time series model, considering observed deaths by EW, between 2015 and 2019, for census tracts. Mortality rates (MR) were calculated and age-standardized =using population estimates from 2010 census. Results: Excess mortality in BH was 16.1% (n =1524): 11.0%, 18.8% and 17.3% in the low, intermediate and high vulnerability areas, respectively. The differences between observed and expected age-standardized MR by natural causes were equal to 59/100,000 inhabitants in BH, increasing from 31 to 77 and 95/100,000 inhabitants, in the areas of low, intermediate and high vulnerability, respectively. There was an aging gradient in COVID-19 MR, ranging from 4 to 611/100,000 inhabitants among individuals of 20-39 years and 75+ years. The COVID-19 MR per 100,000 elderly (60+ years) was 292 in BH, increasing from 179 to 354 and 476, in the low, intermediate and high vulnerability areas, respectively. Conclusion: Inequalities in mortality, particularly among the elderly, combined with the limited supply of doses, demonstrate the importance of prioritizing socially vulnerable areas during vaccination against COVID-19.

Objetivo: Avaliar a mortalidade por áreas de Belo Horizonte (BH) durante a pandemia de COVID-19 conforme vulnerabilidade social, visando estratégia de vacinação. Métodos: Estudo ecológico com análise de mortalidade, segundo setores censitários classificados pelo Índice de Vulnerabilidade da Saúde, composto por indicadores de saneamento e socioeconômicos. Óbitos por causas naturais e COVID-19 foram obtidos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade, entre a 10ª e 43ª semana epidemiológica (SE) de 2020. Calculou-se o excesso de mortalidade por modelo de série temporal, considerando as mortes observadas por SE, entre 2015 e 2019, por setor censitário. Taxas de mortalidade (TM) foram calculadas e padronizadas por idade a partir de estimativas populacionais do IBGE. Resultados: Houve 16,1% (n=1524) de excesso de mortalidade em BH: 11,0%, 18,8% e 17,3% nas áreas de baixa, média e elevada vulnerabilidade, respectivamente. As diferenças entre TM observadas e esperadas por causas naturais, padronizadas por idade, foi igual a 59/100.000 habitantes em BH, aumentando de 31 para 77 e 95/100.000, nas áreas de baixa, média e elevada vulnerabilidade, respectivamente. Houve gradiente de aumento com a idade nas TM por COVID-19, variando de 4 a 611/100.000 habitantes entre as idades de 20-39 anos e 75+ anos. A TM por COVID-19 por 100.000 idosos (60+ anos) foi igual a 292, aumentando de 179 para 354 e 476, nos setores de baixa, média e elevada vulnerabilidade, respectivamente. Conclusão: Desigualdades na mortalidade, mesmo entre idosos, aliadas à baixa oferta de doses, demonstram importância de priorizar áreas socialmente vulneráveis durante a vacinação contra COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210025

Acute/subacute paracoccidioidomycosis with associated eosinophilia
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Pineda, Juan Carlos

; Montoya-Bernal, Ángela Patricia

; Correa-López, Herman

; Cruz-Tangarife, Xiomara Vanessa

; Campiño-Martínez, María Cecilia

Acta Medica Colombiana

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mar 2021, Volume 46 N. 1 Pages 38 - 41

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La paracoccidiodomicosis es una micosis endémica cuyo diagnóstico inicial puede ser difícil al compartir características clínicas de enfermedades granulomatosas y neoplásicas. Aunque su forma más frecuente es la crónica presentamos el caso de un paciente joven con un cuadro agudo/subagudo con linfadenopatías, eosinofilia periférica y una serología para hepatitis C falsamente positiva. El diagnóstico fue confirmado por histopatología y cultivo de tejidos y se dio manejo con anfotericina B ante el deterioro clínico por progresión del compromiso sistémico.

Abstract Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic mycosis whose initial diagnosis may be difficult, as it shares the clinical characteristics of granulomatous and neoplastic diseases. Although its chronic form is the most frequent, we present the case of a young patient with an acute/ subacute presentation with lymphadenopathy, peripheral eosinophilia and a false-positive hepatitis C serology. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology and tissue culture, and he was treated with amphotericin B due to clinical deterioration secondary to progression of systemic involvement. (Acta Med Colomb 2021; 46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2021.1921).

https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2021.1921 66 downloads

Development of a hyperimmune equine serum therapy for COVID-19 in Argentina
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Zylberman, Vanesa

; Sanguineti, Santiago

; Pontoriero, Andrea V

; Higa, Sandra V

; Cerutti, María L

; Morrone Seijo, Susana M

; Pardo, Romina

; Muñoz, Luciana

; Acuña Intrieri, María E

; Alzogaray, Vanina A

; Avaro, Martín M

; Benedetti, Estefanía

; Berguer, Paula M

; Bocanera, Laura

; Bukata, Lucas

; Bustelo, Marina S

; Campos, Ana M

; Colonna, Mariana

; Correa, Elisa

; Cragnaz, Lucía

; Dattero, María E

; Dellafiore, María

; Foscaldi, Sabrina

; González, Joaquín V

; Guerra, Luciano L

; Klinke, Sebastián

; Labanda, María S

; Lauché, Constanza

; López, Juan C

; Martínez, Anabela M

; Otero, Lisandro H

; Peyric, Elías H

; Ponziani, Pablo F

; Ramondino, Romina

; Rinaldi, Jimena

; Rodríguez, Santiago

; Russo, Javier E

; Russo, Mara L

; Saavedra, Soledad L

; Seigelchifer, Mauricio

; Sosa, Santiago

; Vilariño, Claudio

; López Biscayart, Patricia

; Corley, Esteban

; Spatz, Linus

; Baumeister, Elsa G

; Goldbaum, Fernando A

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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jun 2020, Volume 80 Suppl. 3 Pages 1 - 6

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The disease named COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, is currently generating a global pandemic. Vaccine development is no doubt the best long-term immunological approach, but in the current epidemiologic and health emergency there is a need for rapid and effective solutions. Convalescent plasma is the only antibody-based therapy available for COVID-19 patients to date. Equine polyclonal antibodies (EpAbs) put forward a sound alternative. The new generation of processed and purified EpAbs containing highly purified F(ab’)2 fragments demonstrated to be safe and well tolerated. EpAbs are easy to manufacture allowing a fast development and scaling up for a treatment. Based on these ideas, we present a new therapeutic product obtained after immunization of horses with the receptor-binding domain of the viral Spike glycoprotein. Our product shows around 50 times more potency in in vitro seroneutralization assays than the average of convalescent plasma. This result may allow us to test the safety and efficacy of this product in a phase 2/3 clinical trial to be conducted in July 2020 in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

La enfermedad denominada COVID-19 es causada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 y es actualmente considerada una pandemia a nivel global. El desarrollo de vacunas es sin duda la mejor estrategia a largo plazo, pero debido a la emergencia sanitaria, existe una necesidad urgente de encontrar soluciones rápidas y efectivas para el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Hasta la fecha, el uso de plasma de convalecientes es la única inmunoterapia disponible para pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19. El uso de anticuerpos policlonales equinos (EpAbs) es otra alternativa terapéutica interesante. La nueva generación de EpAbs incluyen el procesamiento y purificación de los mismos y la obtención de fragmentos F(ab’)2 con alta pureza y un excelente perfil de seguridad en humanos. Los EpAbs son fáciles de producir, lo cual permite el desarrollo rápido y la elaboración a gran escala de un producto terapéutico. En este trabajo mostramos el desarrollo de un suero terapéutico obtenido luego de la inmunización de caballos utilizando el receptor-binding domain de la glicoproteína Spike del virus. Nuestro producto mostró ser alrededor de 50 veces más potente en ensayos de seroneutralización in vitro que el promedio de los plasmas de convalecientes. Estos resultados nos permitirían testear la seguridad y eficacia de nuestro producto en ensayos clínicos de fase 2/3 a realizarse a partir de julio de 2020 en la zona metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

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Encuadres Mediáticos del Perdón y la Reconciliación en el Contexto del Conflicto Armado Colombiano
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RINCÓN-UNIGARRO, CAMILO

; CORREA-CHICA, ANDREA

; LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ, WILSON

; MORALES-SIERRA, MARÍA DEL PILAR

; RIVERA-ESCOBAR, SARA

Revista Colombiana de Psicología

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jun 2020, Volume 29 N. 1 Pages 105 - 123

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen Debido a su duración e intensidad, el conflicto armado colombiano puede ser analizado como un conflicto intratable. La intratabilidad involucra el desarrollo del ethos del conflicto (EDC), un conjunto de creencias sociales compartidas por la mayoría de los miembros de la sociedad, de manera que es usualmente exhibido en el discurso mediático. Este estudio describe, a través de la lexicometría unidimensional y multidimensional, cómo el EDC permeó el discurso de cuatro de los principales medios de comunicación en Colombia (El Tiempo, El Espectador, Noticias Caracol, Noticias RCN); específicamente, cómo el EDC caracterizó el encuadre del perdón y la reconciliación durante el proceso de paz entre el Gobierno colombiano y las FARC-EP (2012-2017). Los resultados sugieren que el EDC en Colombia se transformó con los diálogos de paz, probablemente promoviendo una orientación hacia la paz. Sin embargo, simultáneamente, algunas de las creencias del EDC que contribuyen a la intratabilidad también fueron presentadas en el discurso mediático.

Abstract Given its duration and intensity, the Colombian armed conflict can be analyzed as an intractable conflict. Intractability involves the development of an ethos of conflict (EOC), a set of social beliefs shared by most members of society, which is usually exhibited in media discourse. Using unidimensional and multidimensional lexicometry, this study describes how the EOC permeated the discourse of four of Colombia's main means of communication (El Tiempo, El Espectador, Noticias Caracol, Noticias RON), and, specifically, how the EOC characterized the framing of forgiveness and reconciliation during the peace process between the Colombian Government and the FARC-EP (2012-2017). The results suggest that the EOC in Colombia was transformed with the peace dialogues, probably fostering an orientation toward peace. Nevertheless, some of the beliefs of the EOC that contribute to intractability were also simultaneously present in media discourse.

Resumo Devido à sua duração e intensidade, o conflito armado colombiano pode ser analisado como um conflito intratável. A intratabilidade envolve o desenvolvimento do ethos do conflito (EDC), um conjunto de crenças sociais partilhado pela maioria dos membros da sociedade, de maneira que é usualmente exibido no discurso midiático. Este estudo descreve, por meio da lexicometria uni e multidimensional, como o EDC permeou o discurso de quatro dos principais meios de comunicação na Colômbia (El Tiempo, El Espectador, Noticias Caracol, Noticias RON); especificamente, como o EDC caracterizou o enquadramento do perdão e da reconciliação durante o processo de paz entre o governo colombiano e as Forças Armadas Revolucionárias da Colômbia (FARC-EP - 2012-2017). Os resultados indicam que o EDC na Colômbia se transformou com os diálogos de paz, provavelmente promovendo uma orientação para a paz. Contudo, de forma simultânea, algumas das crenças do ED C que contribuem para a intratabilidade também foram apresentadas no discurso midiático.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v29n1.81505 578 downloads

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) leaf extract modulates the oxidative metabolism of rat peritoneal neutrophils in a model of inflammation
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Araújo, Cleiber Lucan Alves

; Salles, Bruno Cesar Correa

; Duarte, Stella Maris da Silveira

; Rodrigues, Maria Rita

; Paula, Fernanda Borges de Araújo

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2020, Volume 56 elocation e17362

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of extracts of Passiflora edulis Sims leaves on the oxidative metabolism of rat peritoneal neutrophils using a model of acute inflammation. The extract was obtained by maceration in 70% ethanol, evaporation under reduced pressure and lyophilisation. Total phenolic content (TP) was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The P. edulis extract, in different doses, was administered by gavage 1 h prior to inflammation induction by carrageenan (8 mg/kg, i.p.); five hours later, the neutrophils were obtained by intraperitoneal lavage. The tests performed in neutrophils were cytochrome C and chemiluminescence assay as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities. The administration of the extract reduced the number of neutrophils recruited to the site of inflammation; however, the extract did not alter the activity of NADPH oxidase as well as SOD activity in these cells. The MPO and CAT activities in peritoneal neutrophils of rat treated with extract was lower than in the control group, and the GPx activity was increased. Based on the experimental model utilised, the anti-inflammatory potential of P. edulis leaf extract could be related to the presence of phenolic compounds in the extract.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902020000117362 633 downloads

Eye-related neoplasms in dogs: A retrospective study
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Muñoz-Duque, Julián D

; Ramírez-Rojas, María C

; Duque-Arias, Santiago

; Correa-Valencia, Nathalia M

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias

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dec 2019, Volume 32 N. 4 Pages 298 - 311

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen Antecedentes: Las neoplasias relacionadas con los ojos en perros tienen un impacto significativo en la capacidad visual, la comodidad y la longevidad del animal. Las opciones terapéuticas y el pronóstico para el perro y para el tejido afectado varían según el tipo de neoplasia y su ubicación anatómica. Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia y distribución de neoplasias relacionadas con los ojos en perros del Valle de Aburrá (Departamento de Antioquia, Colombia). Métodos: Se realizó una evaluación retrospectiva de neoplasias relacionadas con los ojos en perros, diagnosticadas en el laboratorio de patología animal de la Universidad de Antioquia (Colombia). Los registros incluyeron información de 13 años (2005-2017). Los datos recolectados incluyeron edad, sexo, raza, tipo de tumor y ubicación, y origen celular de la neoplasia. Resultados: Se analizó un total de 250 reportes de neoplasias relacionadas con los ojos, afectando 246 perros (un reporte por animal, excepto cuatro animales en los que ambos ojos fueron afectados simultáneamente por el mismo tipo de neoplasia. Los animales entre 8 y 11 años de edad fueron los más frecuentemente afectados por neoplasias relacionadas con los ojos (43,9%). Las razas Labrador retriever (19,1%), perros mestizos (13,4%) y Poodle (12,2%) fueron las más frecuentemente afectadas. Las neoplasias afectaron el párpado en el 76,8% de los casos. El adenoma de la glándula de Meibomio fue la neoplasia más frecuente (22,8%), seguida por el epitelioma de la glándula de Meibomio (20,0%), el carcinoma de células escamosas (8,8%) y el melanocitoma (7,2%). El origen celular de las neoplasias fue epitelial en el 73,6% de los casos. Conclusión: Se encontró que el adenoma de la glándula de Meibomio es la neoplasia ocular más común. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer reporte retrospectivo dirigido específicamente a neoplasias relacionadas con ojos en perros publicado en Colombia.

Abstract Background: Eye-related neoplasms in dogs have a significant impact on visual ability, comfort, and longevity. Therapeutic alternatives and prognosis vary according to type of neoplasm and its anatomical location. Objective: To describe the frequency and distribution of eye-related neoplasms affecting dogs in the Aburrá valley (Antioquia province, Colombia). Methods: A retrospective collection of eye-related neoplasms in dogs, diagnosed at the Animal Pathology Laboratory of Universidad de Antioquia (Colombia), was conducted. Data spanning from years 2005 to 2017 were used. Records included age, sex, breed, neoplasm type and location, and cellular origin of neoplasm. A total of 250 eye-related-neoplasm reports affecting 246 dogs were analyzed -one report per animal, with the exception of four animals with both eyes simultaneously affected by the same type of neoplasm. Results: Animals between 8 and 11 years of age were more frequently affected by eye-related neoplasms (43.9%). Labrador retriever (19.1%), mixed-breed dogs (13.4%), and Poodle (12.2%) were the most frequently affected breeds. Neoplasms affected the eyelid in 76.8% of cases. Meibomian gland adenoma was the most frequent neoplasm (22.8%), followed by Meibomian gland epithelioma (20.0%), squamous cell carcinoma (8.8%), and melanocytoma (7.2%). The cellular origin of neoplasms was epithelial in 73.6% of the cases. Conclusion: Meibomian gland adenoma was the most common eye-related neoplasm. To our knowledge, this is the first retrospective report aimed to eye-related neoplasms in dogs published in Colombia.

Resumo Antecedentes: As neoplasias relacionadas aos olhos em cães são importantes porque têm um impacto significativo na capacidade visual, conforto e longevidade do animal. As opções terapêuticas e o prognóstico para o cão e para o tecido afetado variam de acordo com o tipo de neoplasia e sua localização anatômica. Objetivo: Descrever a frequência e distribuição das neoplasias relacionadas aos olhos em cães do Valle de Aburrá (Estado de Antioquia, Colômbia). Métodos: Foi realizada uma coleta retrospectiva de neoplasias relacionadas aos olhos em cães diagnosticados no laboratório de patologia animal da Universidade de Antioquia (Colômbia). Os registros coletaram informações de 13 anos (2005-2017). Os dados coletados incluíram idade, sexo, raça, tipo de tumor e localização e origem celular da neoplasia. Resultados: Um total de 250 relatos de neoplasias relacionadas aos olhos foram analisados, afetando 246 cães (um relatório por animal, com exceção de quatro animais, em que ambos os olhos foram afetados simultaneamente para o mesmo tipo de neoplasia relacionada aos olhos). Animais entre 8 e 11 anos foram mais acometidos por neoplasias relacionadas aos olhos (43,9%). As raças Labrador retriever (19,1%), mestiças (13,4%) e Poodle (12,2%) foram as raças mais afetadas. Neoplasias afetaram a pálpebra em 76,8% dos casos. Adenoma da glândula Meibomiana foi a neoplasia mais frequente (22,8%), seguido por epitelioma glândula Meibomiana (20,0%), carcinoma de células escamosas (8,8%) e melanocitoma (7,2%). A origem celular das neoplasias foi epitelial em 73,6% dos casos. Conclusão: Este estudo constatou que o adenoma da glândula Meibomiana é a neoplasia ocular mais comum. Para nosso conhecimento, este é o primeiro relato retrospectivo especificamente voltado para as neoplasias relacionadas aos olhos em cães publicados até o momento na Colômbia.

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v32n4a07 402 downloads

Survival of classic swine fever virus in hams made from the meat of pigs vaccinated with the PAV-250 strain and unvaccinated pigs
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Amezcua Hempel, Heidi

; Rubio Lozano, María Salud

; Hernández Baumgarten, Eliseo Manuel

; Correa Girón, Pablo

; Torres Ángeles, Oscar

; Coba Ayala, María Antonia

; Ciprián Carrasco, Jose Abel

; Mendoza Elvira, Susana Elisa

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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sep 2019, Volume 10 N. 3 Pages 536 - 551

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The study was to determine the presence of Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFv), in the meat of vaccinated pigs with the PAV-250 strain and then challenged using the same strain. Five treatment groups were established (each with four pigs). Group A: Pigs that were fed with processed hams from negative animals; Group B: Pigs that were fed with processed hams from commercial pigs inoculated with the ALD (reference strain) (titre of 104.0/ml); Group C: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs infected with the virulent ALD strain (titre of 102.5/ml); Group D: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs vaccinated with the PAV-250 strain and challenged with the ALD strain (titre of 101.1/ml); and Group E: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs vaccinated with two doses of the PAV-250 strain and challenged with the ALD strain (negative). Blood samples were taken at d 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 for biometric analysis. Groups B, C and D manifested clinical signs of CSFv: 40 °C temperature, anorexia, paralysis, vomiting, diarrhea, tremor, hirsute hair and cyanosis. Pigs were slaughtered and necropsies performed to identify lesions in tissues. Results of direct immunofluorescence testing of tissues were positive and the virus was recovered. Under these study conditions, it was found that CSFv resisted the cooking method at 68 °C for 40 min in hams from unvaccinated pigs, and that the virus was able to transmit the disease to healthy unvaccinated pigs, whereas the hams from the vaccinated animals did not transmit the virus.

Resumen El propósito del estudio fue determinar la presencia del virus de la Fiebre Porcina Clásica (FPC) en la carne de cerdos vacunados con la cepa PAV-250 a los que después se desafió con la misma cepa. Se establecieron cinco grupos de tratamiento (cada uno constituido por cuatro cerdos). Grupo A: cerdos alimentados con jamones elaborados a partir de animales negativos; Grupo B: cerdos alimentados con jamones procesados de cerdos comerciales inoculados con la cepa de referencia (ALD) (título de 104.0/ml); Grupo C: cerdos alimentados con jamones procesados procedentes de cerdos infectados con la virulenta cepa ALD (título de 102.5/ml); Grupo D: cerdos alimentados con jamones procesados elaborados a partir de cerdos vacunados con la cepa PAV-250 y expuestos a la cepa ALD (título de 101.1/ml), y el Grupo E: cerdos alimentados con jamones procesados hechos con piernas de cerdos vacunados con dos dosis de la cepa PAV-250 y expuestos a la cepa ALD (negativos). Se tomaron muestras de sangre a los días 1, 5, 10, 15 y 20, para realizarles un análisis biométrico. Los grupos B, C y D manifestaron signos clínicos del virus de la fiebre porcina clásica: 40 °C de temperatura, anorexia, parálisis, vómitos, diarrea, temblores, cabello hirsuto y cianosis. Los cerdos se sacrificaron y se realizaron necropsias para identificar lesiones en los tejidos. Los resultados de las pruebas de inmunofluorescencia directa de tejidos fueron positivos y el virus se recuperó. Bajo estas condiciones de estudio, se encontró que el virus de fiebre porcina clásica resistía el método de cocción a 68 °C durante 40 min en jamones de cerdos no vacunados, y que el virus fue capaz de transmitir la enfermedad a los cerdos sanos no vacunados, mientras que los jamones de los animales vacunados no transmitieron el virus.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v10i3.4528 433 downloads

10.

Hepatitis C disease burden and strategies for elimination by 2030 in Brazil. A mathematical modeling approach
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Benzaken, Adele Schwartz

; Girade, Renato

; Catapan, Elisa

; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes

; Almeida, Elton Carlos de

; Vivaldini, Simone

; Fernandes, Neide

; Razavi, Homie

; Schmelzer, Jonathan

; Ferraz, Maria Lucia

; Ferreira, Paulo Roberto Abrão

; Pessoa, Mario Guimarães

; Martinelli, Ana

; Souto, Francisco José Dutra

; Walsh, Nick

; Mendes-Correa, Maria Cassia

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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jun 2019, Volume 23 N. 3 Pages 182 - 190

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction and aim: Hepatitis C is a key challenge to public health in Brazil. The objective of this paper was to describe the Brazilian strategy for hepatitis C to meet the 2030 elimination goal proposed by World Health Organization (WHO). Methods: A mathematical modeling approach was used to estimate the current HCV-infected Brazilian population, and to evaluate the relative costs of two different scenarios to address HCV disease burden in Brazil: (1) if no further changes are made to the HCV treatment program in Brazil; (2) where the WHO targets for 2030 elimination are met through diagnosis and treatment efforts peaking before 2024. Results: An anti-HCV prevalence of 0.53% was calculated for the total population. It was estimated that the number of HCV-RNA+ individuals in Brazil in 2017 was 632,000 (0.31% of the population). Scale-up of treatment and diagnosis over time will be necessary in order to achieve WHO targets beginning in 2018. Direct costs (diagnostic, treatment and healthcare costs) are projected to increase significantly during the scale-up of treatment and diagnosis in the initial years of the intervention scenario, but then fall below the base case on an annual basis by 2025-2036, once HCV is eliminated, due to health sectors savings from the prevention of HCV liver-related morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: Achieving the WHO targets is technically feasible in Brazil with a scale-up of treatment and diagnosis over time, beginning in 2018. However, elimination of hepatitis C requires policy changes to substantially scale-up prevention, screening and treatment of HCV, together with public health advocacy to raise awareness among affected populations and healthcare providers.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.04.010 994 downloads

11.

Enfrentando el problema emergente de consumo de heroína en Colombia: los nuevos programas de tratamiento asistido con metadona
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González, Gerardo

; Giraldo, Luis Fernando

; DiGirolamo, Gregory

; Rey, Claudia F.

; Correa, Luis Eduardo

; Cano, Ana María

; Romero-González, Mauricio

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría

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jun 2019, Volume 48 N. 2 Pages 96 - 104

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Objetivo: Colombia está enfrentado una epidemia emergente del consumo endovenoso de heroína. Un conocimiento de los programas existentes que ofrecen tratamiento asistido con metadona en el país es necesario para que se puedan proponer estrategias de mejoría. Métodos: Se encuestaron 13 programas de regiones prioritarias. Se evaluaron las caracte rísticas demográficas y clínicas de los usuarios, así como los servicios ofrecidos por estos programas, sus protocolos de tratamiento con metadona y las diferencias en las barreras al tratamiento y las causas de abandono del tratamiento. Resultados: Se analizaron 12/13 cuestionarios, con un total de 538 pacientes activos. La mayo ría de los pacientes eran varones (85,5%) de 18 a 34 arios (70%). El 40% eran usuarios de drogas intravenosas y el 25% admitió compartir agujas. Entre las comorbilidades asociadas con el consumo de heroína se encontró la enfermedad mental (48%), la hepatitis C (8,7%) y la infección por el VIH (2%). La comorbilidad psiquiátrica se asocia más con los pacientes que acuden al sector privado (el 69,8 frente al 29,7%; p < 0,03). La media de la dosis inicial de metadona es 25,3 ± 8,9mg/día y las dosis de mantenimiento van de 41 a 80 mg/día. La falta de articulación con atención primaria fue una barrera más sentida que los problemas con la cobertura del seguro médico y los prejuicios del tratamiento con metadona (p < 0,05). También, los problemas administrativos y de la aseguradora (p < 0,003), la falta de sumi nistro de metadona (p < 0,018) y la recaída en el consumo (p < 0,014) son las razones más significativas de abandono del tratamiento. Conclusiones: Estos programas tienen diferentes niveles de desarrollo e implementación en los protocolos de tratamiento. Algunas de las barreras de acceso y de las causas de abandono del tratamiento pueden mitigarse mejorando la administración de salud.

ABSTRACT Objective: Colombia is facing a rising epidemic of intravenous heroin use. Knowledge of the methadone-assisted treatment programs in the country is crucial in order to propose improvement strategies. Methods: 13 programmes from priority regions were surveyed. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients attending the programs, a description of the services offered, their methadone treatment protocols, the various barriers to treatment and the causes of treatment abandonment were reviewed. Results: 12/13 questionnaires were analysed with a total of 538 active patients. Most of the patients attending these programs were men (85.5%) between 18 and 34 years-old (70%). Forty percent (40%) were intravenous drug users and 25% admitted sharing needles. The comorbidities associated with heroin use were mental illness (48%), hepatitis C (8.7%) and HIV (2%). Psychiatric comorbidity was more likely in patients attending the private sec tor (69.8% vs 29.7%; p < 0.03). The initial average dose of methadone administered was 25.3 ± 8.9mg/day, with a maintenance dose ranging from 41 to 80mg/day. Lack of align ment with primary care was perceived to be the most serious barrier to access, ahead of problems with insurance and prejudice towards treatment with methadone (p < 0.05). Health Administration and insurance problems (p < 0.003), together with the lack of availa bility of methadone (p < 0.018) and relapse (p < 0.014) were the most important reasons for abandonment of treatment. Conclusions: The treatment protocols of these programmes offer different levels of develop ment and implementation. Some of the barriers to access and reasons for abandonment of treatment with methadone can be mitigated with better health administration.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2017.07.004 520 downloads

12.

How are HCV-infected patients being identified in Brazil: a multicenter study
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Portari-Filho, Luiz H.

; Álvares-da-Silva, Mario R.

; Gonzalez, Aline

; Ferreira, Adalgisa P.

; Nogueira, Cristiane V.

; Mendes-Correa, Maria C.

; Lima, José M.

; Lopes, Edmundo P.

; Brandão, Carlos E.

; Ivantes, Cláudia

; Lyra, André

; Lindenberg, Andreia

; Ferraz, Maria L.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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jan 2019, Volume 23 N. 1 Pages 34 - 39

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Hepatitis C is an important health problem. In Brazil, 1-2 million people are infected. Despite this expressive number, and the availability of very successful treatment, many patients remained undiagnosed mainly because of the asymptomatic nature of the infection. Objectives: To describe epidemiological characteristics of HCV-infected patients seen at referral centers in Brazil, the source of referral, and the time spanned to reach a reference center, in order to improve the identification of undiagnosed patients. Methods: Multicenter observational, cross-sectional study carried out in 15 centers of Brazil, between January/2016 and June/2017. Data of patients with a confirmed diagnosis (anti-HCV and HCV-RNA) were collected by interview using standard questionnaires and by review of charts. Results: Two thousand patients were included; 55.1% were male, mean age 58 ± 11 years. Only 14.9% had higher education and 84.2% received up to five monthly minimum Brazilian wages (approximately US$260.00/month). The time between diagnosis and beginning of follow-up was 22.9 months. The most common reasons for testing were check-up (33.2%) and blood donation (19%). General practitioners diagnosed most of the patients (30.1%). Fibrosis stage was mainly evaluated by liver biopsy (61.5%) and 31.3% of the patients were cirrhotic at diagnosis. Conclusions: This multicenter Brazilian study showed that the mean time to reach a referral center for treatment was almost two years. Primary care physicians diagnoses most hepatitis C cases in the country. Population campaigns and medical education should be encouraged to intensify screening of asymptomatic individuals, considering the efficiency of check-ups in identifying new patients.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.01.006 533 downloads

13.

Characteristics of a hepatitis C patient cohort at a specialized tertiary care facility: Identifying criteria to improve the allocation of public health resources
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de Matos, Maria Laura Mariano

; Ferrufino, Rosário Quiroga

; Nastri, Ana Catharina de Seixas Santos

; Odongo, Fatuma Catherine Atieno

; Campos, Aléia Faustina

; Luiz, André Machado

; Lisboa-Neto, Gaspar

; Witkin, Steven S.

; Mendes-Correa, Maria Cássia

Clinics

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2019, Volume 74 elocation e1286

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to analyze, in a population treated for hepatitis C infection at a tertiary care treatment unit, the prevalence of comorbidities and extrahepatic manifestations, the range and degree of the clinical complexity and the associations between advanced liver disease and clinical variables. METHODS: Medical records from chronically infected hepatitis C patients seen at a dedicated treatment facility for complex cases in the Infectious Diseases Division of Hospital das Clínicas in Brazil were analyzed. Clinical complexity was defined as the presence of one or more of the following conditions: advanced liver disease (Metavir score F3 or F4 and/or clinical manifestations or ultrasound/endoscopy findings consistent with cirrhosis) or hepatocellular carcinoma and/or 3 or more extrahepatic manifestations and/or comorbidities concomitantly. RESULTS: Among the 1574 patients analyzed, only 41% met the definition of being clinically complex. Cirrhosis or hepatocarcinoma was identified in 22.2% and 1.8% of patients, respectively. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, male sex (p=0.007), age>40 years (p<0.001) and the presence of metabolic syndrome (p=0.008) were independently associated with advanced liver disease. CONCLUSION: The majority of patients did not meet the criteria for admittance to this specialized tertiary service, reinforcing the need to reevaluate public health policies. Enhanced utilization of existing basic and intermediate complexity units for the management of less complex hepatitis C cases could improve care and lower costs.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2019/e1286 169 downloads

14.

Development of a fruit smoothie with solid albumen of green coconut
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Teixeira, Nátali Silva

; Torrezan, Renata

; Freitas-Sá, Daniela De Grandi Castro

; Pontes, Sérgio Macedo

; Ribeiro, Leilson de Oliveira

; Cabral, Lourdes Maria Correa

; Matta, Virgínia Martins da

Ciência Rural

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2019, Volume 49 N. 1 elocation e20180110

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma bebida mista do tipo smoothie utilizando o albúmen sólido do coco verde na sua composição. As formulações do smoothie foram elaboradas seguindo um planejamento experimental, fixando-se a concentração do albúmen sólido em 20% e variando-se os teores das polpas de acerola, abacaxi e água de coco, que totalizaram 80% da massa total do produto. Os parâmetros de resposta avaliados foram o teor de vitamina C, a capacidade antioxidante e a aceitação sensorial global. Foi observado que das dez formulações avaliadas, as que continham maiores concentrações de polpa de acerola, apresentaram valores superiores de compostos bioativos, porém não foram as mais aceitas sensorialmente. Por meio da função desejabilidade chegou-se a uma formulação final que consistiu de 52,8% de abacaxi, 27,2% de acerola e 20,0% de albúmen sólido de coco verde. Esta nova formulação teve boa aceitação, com nota igual a 7 (“bom”) e representa um bom aporte nutricional, sendo fonte de vitamina C, podendo contribuir para agregar valor a um coproduto da indústria de bebidas.

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to develop a mixed smoothie drink using the solid albumen of the green coconut in its composition. Smoothie formulations were prepared following an experimental design, setting the solid albumen concentration at 20% and varying the contents of the acerola (Barbados Cherry), pineapple, and coconut water pulps, which corresponded to 80% of the total mass of the product. Response parameters evaluated were vitamin C content, antioxidant capacity, and overall sensory acceptance. Ten formulations were evaluated. The ones that contained higher concentrations of acerola pulp had higher values of bioactive compounds but were not the most sensorially accepted. By means of the desirability function, a final formulation consisted of 52.8% of pineapple, 27.2% of acerola, and 20.0% of solid albumen of green coconut. This new formulation was well accepted, with a grade (score) 7 (“good”). It represents a good nutritional contribution and a source of vitamin C which can contribute to add value to a co-product of the beverage industry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180110 1961 downloads

15.

Fluctuations in serological hepatitis C virus levels in HIV patients
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Silva, Vanessa Cristina Martins

; Calux, Samira Julien

; Lemos, Marcilio Figueiredo

; Compri, Adriana Parise

; Santos, Ana Paula de Torres

; Oba, Isabel Takano

; Mendes-Correa, Maria Cássia Jacintho

; Moreira, Regina Célia

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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dec 2018, Volume 51 N. 6 Pages 737 - 741

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have identical transmission routes, explaining the high prevalence of coinfections. The main aim of this study was to detect fluctuations in serological HCV levels in HIV patients. METHODS: We analyzed samples of 147 patients who attended an outpatient service that supports HIV/AIDS patients in São Paulo city. We also recruited 22 HCV-monoinfected patients who attended the Instituto Adolfo Lutz Laboratory in São Paulo city, to compare the test results. Serological testing of the blood samples was performed for the detection of HCV antibodies. The samples were then analyzed using real-time PCR for RNA viral quantification and sequencing. RESULTS We found that 13.6% of the study population was coinfected with HIV and HCV. In 20% of coinfected patients, fluctuations in serology results were detected in samples collected during the follow-up. No changes in anti-HCV serological markers were observed in HCV-monoinfected patients. An HCV viral load was detected in 9,5% of the samples collected from HIV patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide important clinical data to public health professionals and highlight the importance of periodic monitoring of HCV/HIV coinfected patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0239-2018 1024 downloads

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