RESUMO: Objetivou-se com o estudo detectar Cryptosporidium sp. em ostras de cultivo e estoque natural no estado do Maranhão e determinar o(s) tecido(s) eletivo(s) para pesquisa desse protozoário. Para a realização do estudo foram adquiridas 200 ostras de cultivo do município de Raposa e 100 de Paço do Lumiar, além de 100 ostras extraídas de estoque natural do município de Primeira Cruz, totalizando 400 ostras. Estas foram agrupadas em 80 pools constituídos por cinco animais. De cada pool, as brânquias e a massa visceral foram removidas totalizando 160 pools, sendo 80 para o grupo das brânquias e 80 para o grupo de massa visceral. Na sequência, procedeu-se à extração de DNA de cada pool com a utilização de kit comercial com modificações. Posteriormente, realizou-se a detecção do DNA do protozoário por meio da técnica de Nested-PCR. Com a técnica utilizada, foi detectado o DNA do protozoário pesquisado em 2,5% (n=2/80) pools apenas de brânquias, sendo 1,25% pools (n=1/80) oriundos de cultivo e os outros 1,25% (n=1/80) de estoque natural. Com os resultados obtidos nesse estudo, conclui-se que as ostras analisadas do gênero Crassostrea sp., oriundas de cultivo e estoque natural no estado do Maranhão, estavam contaminadas por Cryptosporidium sp. e podem se reverter em fontes potenciais para seres humanos e outros animais. Para a pesquisa de Cryptosporidium sp. em ostras, as brânquias são o tecido eletivo.

ABSTRACT: This study detected Cryptosporidium spp. in cultivated oysters and the natural oyster stock of the state of Maranhão and determine the elective tissue(s) to examine this protozoan. For this purpose, 200 cultivated oysters were purchased from the municipality of Raposa and another 100 from Paço do Lumiar. Additionally, 100 oysters were extracted from the natural stock of the municipality of Primeira Cruz, thus making up a total of 400 oysters. They were grouped into 80 pools consisting of 5 oysters each. From each pool, the gills and visceral mass were removed to obtain 160 pools, 80 pools for the gill group and another 80 for the visceral mass group. Then, DNA was extracted from each pool using a commercial kit with modifications. Subsequently, the protozoan DNA was detected using nested polymerase chain reaction. With this technique, the DNA of the protozoan under investigation was detected in 2.5% (n = 2/80) of the pools containing gills, with 1.25% of the pools (n = 1/80) belonging to the cultivation group of oysters and the other 1.25% (n = 1/80) to the natural stock. With the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that the analyzed oysters of the genus Crassostrea, from cultivation and natural stock groups, found in the state of Maranhão, were contaminated by Cryptosporidium spp. and may become potential sources of infection in humans and other animals. In addition, the gills are the elective tissue for the study of Cryptosporidium spp. in oysters.

Resumo A educação para pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus (DM) representa um desafio no campo da saúde pública. Apresentamos uma proposta teórica que orienta a análise pedagógica da educação em saúde em pessoas com DM, a partir de um processo de pesquisa documental. Os achados evidenciaram a existência de diferentes perspectivas teóricas em tensão sobre a educação em pessoas com DM que lutam por legitimação, que podem ser agrupadas em duas correntes, uma tradicional e outra crítica. Uma proposta pautada na teoria pedagógica e na saúde pública é apresentada para explicar os achados. A teoria construída visa mostrar a configuração das correntes educacionais como resultado dos debates e lutas teóricas, políticas e epistemológicas que ocorrem na intersecção dos campos da saúde pública e da pedagogia.

Resumen La educación para personas con Diabetes Mellitus (DM) representa un desafío en el campo de la salud pública. Presentamos una propuesta teórica que orienta el análisis pedagógico de la educación para la salud en personas con DM, a partir de un proceso de investigación documental. Los hallazgos evidenciaron la existencia de diferentes perspectivas teóricas en tensión sobre la educación en personas con DM que luchan por la legitimación, que pueden agruparse en dos tendencias, una tradicional y la otra crítica. Se presenta una propuesta guiada desde la teoría pedagógica y la salud pública para explicar los hallazgos. La teoría construida pretende evidenciar la configuración de corrientes educativas como resultado de los debates y las luchas teóricas, políticas y epistemológicas que se dan en la intersección de los campos de la salud pública y la pedagogía.

Abstract Education for people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) represents a challenge in the field of public health. We present a theoretical proposal that guides the pedagogical analysis of health education for people with DM, based on a documentary research process. The findings evidenced the existence of different theoretical perspectives in tension about education in people with DM that struggle for legitimacy, which can be grouped into two tendencies, one traditional and the other critical. A proposal guided by pedagogical theory and public health is presented to explain the findings. The theory constructed intends to evidence the configuration of educational currents as a result of the debates and theoretical, political and epistemological struggles that occur at the intersection of the fields of public health and pedagogy.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation represents the best therapeutic modality in end-stage chronic liver disease, severe acute hepatitis, and selected cases of liver tumors. AIMS: To describe a double retransplant in a male patient diagnosed with Crohn's disease and complicated with primary sclerosing cholangitis, severe portal hypertension, and cholangiocarcinoma diagnosed in the transplanted liver. METHODS: A 48-year-old male patient diagnosed with Crohn's disease 25 years ago, complicated with primary sclerosing cholangitis and severe portal hypertension. He underwent a liver transplantation in 2018 due to secondary biliary cirrhosis. In 2021, a primary sclerosing cholangitis recurrence was diagnosed and a liver retransplantation was indicated. Recipient's hepatectomy was very difficult by reason of complex portal vein thrombosis requiring extensive thromboendovenectomy. Intraoperative ultrasound with liver doppler evaluation was performed. Two suspicious nodules were incidentally diagnosed in the donor's liver and immediately removed for anatomopathological evaluation. RESULTS: After pathological confirmation of carcinoma, probable cholangiocarcinoma, at frozen section, the patient was re-listed as national priority and a new liver transplantation was performed within 24 hours. The patient was discharged after 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The screening for neoplasms in donated organs should be part of our strict daily diagnostic arsenal. Moreover, we argue that, for the benefit of an adequate diagnosis and the feasibility of a safer procedure, the adoption of imaging tests routine for the liver donor is essential, allowing a reduction of the costs and some potential risks of liver transplant procedure.

RESUMO RACIONAL: O transplante de fígado representa a melhor modalidade terapêutica na doença hepática crônica terminal, hepatite aguda grave e casos selecionados de tumores hepáticos. OBJETIVOS: Descrever um retransplante duplo em paciente do sexo masculino, diagnosticado com doença de Crohn e complicado com colangite esclerosante primária, hipertensão portal grave e colangiocarcinoma diagnosticado no fígado transplantado. MÉTODOS: Paciente do sexo masculino, 48 anos, diagnosticado com doença de Crohn há 25 anos e complicado com colangite esclerosante primária e hipertensão portal grave. Foi submetido a um transplante de fígado em 2018 devido a cirrose biliar secundária. Em 2021, foi diagnosticada recidiva de colangite esclerosante primária e indicado retransplante hepático. A hepatectomia do receptor foi de alta complexidade devido à trombose complexa da veia porta, exigindo extensa tromboendovenectomia. Foi realizada ultrassonografia intraoperatória com doppler hepático. Dois nódulos suspeitos foram diagnosticados incidentalmente no fígado do doador e imediatamente removidos para avaliação anatomopatológica. RESULTADOS: Após confirmação patológica de carcinoma, provável colangiocarcinoma, pela congelação, o paciente foi relistado como prioridade nacional, e novo transplante hepático foi realizado em 24 horas. O paciente teve alta após 2 semanas. CONCLUSÕES: O rastreamento de neoplasias em órgãos doados deve fazer parte de nosso estrito arsenal diagnóstico diário. Além disso, defendemos que, em benefício de um diagnóstico correto e da viabilidade de um procedimento mais seguro, a adoção de uma rotina de exames de imagem é essencial em doadores hepáticos, permitindo a redução dos custos e alguns riscos potenciais do procedimento de transplante hepático.

Abstract This study evaluated the bioactive potential of a macro-porous chitosan scaffold incorporated with calcium hydroxide (CH-Ca) and functionalized with bioactive doses of simvastatin (SV) for bone tissue regeneration. Initially, the bioactive dose of SV in osteoblastic cells (SAOS-2) was determined. For the direct contact experiment, SAOS-2 cells were plated on scaffolds to assess cell viability and osteogenic differentiation. The second assay was performed at a distance using extracts from scaffolds incubated in culture medium to assess the effect of conditioned medium on viability and osteogenic differentiation. The initial screening showed that 1 μM SV presented the best biostimulating effects, and this dose was selected for incorporation into the CH-Ca and pure chitosan (CH) scaffolds. The cells remained viable throughout the direct contact experiment, with the greatest cell density in the CH-Ca and CH-Ca-SV scaffolds because of their higher porosity. The CH-Ca-SV scaffold showed the most intense bio-stimulating effect in assays in the presence and absence of osteogenic medium, leading to an increased deposition of mineralized matrix. There was an increase in the viability of cells exposed to the extracts for CH-Ca, CH-SV, and CH-Ca-SV during the one-day period. There was an increase in ALP activity in the CH-Ca and CH-Ca-SV; however, the CH-Ca-SV scaffold resulted in an intense increase in the deposition of mineralized nodules, approximately 56.4% at 7 days and 117% at 14 days, compared with CH (control). In conclusion, functionalization of the CH-Ca scaffold with SV promoted an increase in bioactivity, presenting a promising option for bone tissue regeneration.

Abstract Objective: To identify and assess the current evidence available about the costs of managing hospitalized pediatric patients diagnosed with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 (PIV3) in upper-middle-income countries. Methods: The authors conducted a systematic review across seven key databases from database inception to July 2022. Costs extracted were converted into 2022 International Dollars using the Purchasing Power Parity-adjusted. PROSPERO identifier: CRD42020225757. Results: No eligible study for PIV3 was recovered. For RSV, cost analysis and COI studies were performed for populations in Colombia, China, Malaysia, and Mexico. Comparing the total economic impact, the lowest cost per patient at the pediatric ward was observed in Malaysia ($ 347.60), while the highest was in Colombia ($ 709.66). On the other hand, at pediatric ICU, the lowest cost was observed in China ($ 1068.26), while the highest was in Mexico ($ 3815.56). Although there is no consensus on the major cost driver, all included studies described that the medications (treatment) consumed over 30% of the total cost. A high rate of inappropriate prescription drugs was observed. Conclusion: The present study highlighted how RSV infection represents a substantial economic burden to health care systems and to society. The findings of the included studies suggest a possible association between baseline risk status and expenditures. Moreover, it was observed that an important amount of the cost is destinated to treatments that have no evidence or support in most clinical practice guidelines.

ABSTRACT. Leptospirosis is an infectious disease that affects practically all domestic and wild animals, which can become carriers and, as a consequence, will contribute to the spread of the microorganism in nature. The present study aims to detect the occurrence of leptospirosis against by the microscopic serum agglutination test in animals at the Zoo of the Centro Universitário da Amazônia (ZOOUNAMA). 26 adult animals of both sexes and of the following species: 9 Sapajus apella, 2 Cebus kaapori, 3 Ateles marginatus, 10 Ateles paniscus, 1 Chiropetes satanas, 1 Allouata belzebul. Of the animals studied, 3 (11.5%) were reagents to be taken against Leptospira spp. The serovars found in the different species were: Icterohaemorragiae, Balum, Hardjo and Grippothyphosa. SAM proved to be efficient to detect against leptospira in non-human primates. Icterohaemorragiae type serum occurred with research results showing that it is also important in leptospirosis in non-human primates.

Abstract Although periodontal disease is common during pregnancy, little is known about socioeconomic, behavioral, or biological determinants related to clinically assessed periodontal condition during this period. We assessed the prevalence of periodontal disease and associated factors in pregnant women. This population-based survey used data used from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, Brazil. Pregnant women expected to give birth between December 2014 and May 2016 were interviewed and clinically examined by trained dentist, with periodontal measures collected in all teeth, six sites per tooth. Outcomes were periodontitis (using the 2012 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Periodontology criteria) and gingivitis (by the 2018 European Federation of Periodontology/ American Academy of Periodontology classification). Multivariate hierarchical Poisson regression was used to assess the associations between socioeconomic, systemic, and clinical oral factors and periodontal disease. A total of 2,474 pregnant women participated in the study. Prevalence of periodontitis and gingivitis was 14.63% and 21.67%, respectively. Lower educational level and calculus were associated with higher prevalence periodontitis and gingivitis (P<0.05). Smoking was also associated with periodontitis (P=0.05), and lower frequency of toothbrushing (P=0.005) with gingivitis. Periodontal disease, especially gingivitis, was prevalent in pregnant women and their determinants were socioeconomic, environmental, and clinical oral health factors.

Resumo A educação para pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus (DM) representa um desafio no campo da saúde pública. Apresentamos uma proposta teórica que orienta a análise pedagógica da educação em saúde em pessoas com DM, a partir de um processo de pesquisa documental. Os achados evidenciaram a existência de diferentes perspectivas teóricas em tensão sobre a educação em pessoas com DM que lutam por legitimação, que podem ser agrupadas em duas correntes, uma tradicional e outra crítica. Uma proposta pautada na teoria pedagógica e na saúde pública é apresentada para explicar os achados. A teoria construída visa mostrar a configuração das correntes educacionais como resultado dos debates e lutas teóricas, políticas e epistemológicas que ocorrem na intersecção dos campos da saúde pública e da pedagogia. (DM documental legitimação crítica pedagogia

Resumen La educación para personas con Diabetes Mellitus (DM) representa un desafío en el campo de la salud pública. Presentamos una propuesta teórica que orienta el análisis pedagógico de la educación para la salud en personas con DM, a partir de un proceso de investigación documental. Los hallazgos evidenciaron la existencia de diferentes perspectivas teóricas en tensión sobre la educación en personas con DM que luchan por la legitimación, que pueden agruparse en dos tendencias, una tradicional y la otra crítica. Se presenta una propuesta guiada desde la teoría pedagógica y la salud pública para explicar los hallazgos. La teoría construida pretende evidenciar la configuración de corrientes educativas como resultado de los debates y las luchas teóricas, políticas y epistemológicas que se dan en la intersección de los campos de la salud pública y la pedagogía. (DM documental legitimación tendencias crítica pedagogía

Abstract Education for people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) represents a challenge in the field of public health. We present a theoretical proposal that guides the pedagogical analysis of health education for people with DM, based on a documentary research process. The findings evidenced the existence of different theoretical perspectives in tension about education in people with DM that struggle for legitimacy, which can be grouped into two tendencies, one traditional and the other critical. A proposal guided by pedagogical theory and public health is presented to explain the findings. The theory constructed intends to evidence the configuration of educational currents as a result of the debates and theoretical, political and epistemological struggles that occur at the intersection of the fields of public health and pedagogy. (DM process legitimacy tendencies critical pedagogy

Resumen La Altillanura es un ecosistema único de los Llanos colombianos, caracterizado por sabanas bien drenadas y grandes extensiones de bosques ribereños. La Altillanura alberga ricas comunidades poco estudiadas y actualmente amenazadas por la agroindustria a gran escala y no planificada. Además, el número de áreas protegidas públicas en la Altillanura no es suficiente para conservar los hábitats y especies amenazados. Por lo tanto, los esfuerzos de las reservas privadas son cruciales para la conservación de la biodiversidad de la región. Presentamos el primer listado de especies del Tomogrande, reserva natural privada y estación de investigación científica en el municipio de Santa Rosalía, Vichada, Colombia. Después de diez años de investigación en curso, hemos registrado 299 especies de plantas, 189 especies de aves y 47 especies de mamíferos. En comparación con otras reservas naturales privadas en Vichada y con el Parque Nacional Tuparro, el área protegida más grande de la región, Tomogrande hace una contribución sustancial a la conservación de los tres grupos taxonómicos. Abogamos por una mejor planificación del paisaje y que prácticas sostenibles sean obligatorias en la Altillanura, a fin de proteger su biodiversidad y los medios de vida de todos los actores que habitan esta región.

Abstract The Altillanura is a unique ecosystem within the Colombian Llanos, characterized by well-drained savannas and extensive riparian forests. The Altillanura harbors a rich assemblage of species, largely understudied and currently under threat by large-scale and unplanned agribusiness. Moreover, the number of public protected areas in the Colombian Llanos, particularly in the Altillanura, is insufficient to conserve the threatened habitats and species. Therefore, conservation efforts by private reserves are crucial for the protection of the region’s biodiversity. Here we present the first species list of the Tomogrande, a private nature reserve and scientific research field station in the municipality of Santa Rosalía, Vichada, Colombia. After ten years of ongoing research, we have recorded 299 species of plants, 189 species of birds, and 47 species of mammals. Compared to other private nature reserves in Vichada and the Tuparro National Park, the largest protected area in the region, Tomogrande makes a substantial contribution to the conservation of all three taxonomic groups. We advocate that better landscape planning and sustainable practices should become mandatory in the Altillanura to protect its biodiversity and the livelihoods of all stakeholders that inhabit this region.

Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis is a multisystemic autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by progressive distal sensory-motor polyneuropathy or restrictive cardiomyopathy, secondary to amyloid deposits. Its pathogenesis lies in the TTR gene mutation, and the Val50Met mutation is the most frequent. Patients have significant differences in the onset and severity of clinical presentation according to their country of origin. The diagnosis of this pathology is complex, even more in countries where it is not considered endemic. However, early suspicion and management are essential to improve survival and avoid unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. We report a 69-year-old woman who presented a sensory-motor polyneuropathy, predominantly sensory, associated with distal neuropathic pain and bilateral vitritis. The history of her Italian father with polyneuropathy of unspecified etiology stood out. A vitreous biopsy identified amyloid substance deposits (congo red positive). These were also confirmed on a superficial peroneal nerve biopsy. During the etiological study of her polyneuropathy, an increased Kappa/Lambda index of 2.55 mg/L stood out. Therefore, light chain amyloidosis was suspected, and chemotherapy treatment was indicated without favorable response. After 10 years of progressive neurological and ophthalmological involvement, a genetic study confirmed the first case of late-onset hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis Val50Met with polyneuropathy in Chile.

ABSTRACT Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) complicate 10% of pregnancies. They are the main cause of maternal mortality and require a multidisciplinary team to address them. Objectives: The aim of this study was to quantify the prevalence and define the characteristics and outcome of HDP in a center with a program focused on its management. Methods: This was a continuous and prospective registry from November 2019 to July 2021 that included all patients with HDP [chronic hypertension (CHT), gestational hypertension (GHT), early-onset preeclampsia (EPE), late preeclampsia (LPE), superimposed preeclampsia (SIPE) and eclampsia] who met the inclusion criteria. Patients without medical coverage that prevented long-term outpatient follow-up at the institution were excluded. Baseline characteristics and evolution, treatment and persistent HT after puerperium were evaluated. The incidence of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), preterm delivery, maternal mortality and neonatal death within the first 28 days of life was analyzed. Results: Among a total f 5825 deliveries/caesarean sections, 152 patients with GHT (37.5%), EPE (19.7%), LPE (38.8%), SIPE (3.3%), and eclampsia (0.6%) who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Mean age was 36.4±5.6 years. Aspirin was administered to 38.1% of patients. The most commonly used antihypertensive drugs were labetalol (65.8%) and enalapril (44.1%) during pregnancy and puerperium, respectively. There was no maternal mortality, and neonatal mortality was 3.6%. Persistent HT was 20.0%. Conclusion: Late preeclampsia was the most frequent HDP in the population analyzed. More than half of the patients who developed HDP did not receive preventive treatment with aspirin, showing a deficit in the identification of the population at risk. One in 5 HDP patients remained with CHTN after puerperium.

RESUMEN Introducción: Los desórdenes hipertensivos del embarazo (DHE) complican el 10% de los embarazos. Son la principal causa de mortalidad materna, y requieren un equipo multidisciplinario para su abordaje. Objetivos: Cuantificar prevalencia y definir características y evolución de los DHE en un centro con un programa dedicado para su abordaje. Material y métodos: Registro continuo y prospectivo desde noviembre 2019 hasta julio 2021 que incluyó todas las pacientes con DHE (Hipertensión arterial crónica - HTAC, hipertensión gestacional - HTg, preeclampsia precoz - PEp, preeclampsia tardía - PEt, preeclampsia sobreimpuesta - PESI, y eclampsia) y que cumplieran los criterios de inclusión. Se excluyeron las pacientes sin cobertura médica que impidiera su seguimiento ambulatorio a largo plazo en la institución. Se evaluaron características basales y evolución, tratamiento y persistencia de HTA luego del puerperio. Se analizó la incidencia de retardo en el crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU), parto pretérmino, mortalidad materna y muerte neonatal dentro de los primeros 28 días de vida. Resultados: Se realizaron 5825 partos/cesáreas y se incluyeron 152 pacientes que cumplieron criterios de inclusión, con HTg (37,5%), PEp (19,7%), PEt (38,8%), PESI (3,3%)), eclampsia (0,6%). Edad media 36,4 ± 5,6 años. El 38,1% recibió aspirina. Los antihipertensivos más utilizados fueron labetalol (65,8%) y enalapril (44,1 %) en el embarazo y el puerperio respectivamente. No hubo mortalidad materna, y la neonatal fue 3,6%. La persistencia de HTA fue del 20,0% Conclusión: La preeclampsia tardía fue el DHE más frecuente en la población analizada. Más de la mitad de las pacientes que desarrollaron DHE no recibían tratamiento preventivo con aspirina, evidenciándose un déficit en la identificación de la población de riesgo. Una de cada 5 pacientes con DHE quedó con hipertensión arterial crónica luego del puerperio.

RESUMO O objetivo deste relato de experiência foi apresentar os resultados parciais, potencialidades e reflexões sobre a implantação da Rede de Informações e Comunicação sobre a Exposição de Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras ao Sars-CoV-2 no Brasil. Essa Rede de Informações e Comunicação busca contribuir com a produção e a disseminação de informações sobre o enfrentamento da pandemia, divulgando normas e orientações de prevenção à saúde dos(as) trabalhadores(as) que estão exercendo atividades presenciais em diversos ramos produtivos durante a pandemia. Simultaneamente, a Rede desenvolveu instrumentos de registro da situação de exposição desses(as) trabalhadores(as), pela ação interinstitucional das unida- des de ensino e pesquisa, serviços e a representação da sociedade civil organizada. As ações integradas de informação e comunicação têm o propósito de articular saberes, práticas e políticas públicas com o objetivo de fortalecer a Política Nacional de Saúde do Trabalhador e da Trabalhadora e ações direcionadas à promoção da saúde em populações expostas ocupacional e ambientalmente ao Sars-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this experience report was to present the partial results, potentials, and reflections on the implementation of the Information and Communication Network on the Exposure of Workers to Sars-CoV-2 in Brazil. This Information and Communication Network seeks to contribute to the production and dissemination of information on combating the pandemic, disseminating health prevention norms and guidelines for workers who are performing on-site activities in various productive branches during the pandemic. Simultaneously, the Network developed instruments to record the exposure situation of these workers, due to the interinstitutional action of the teaching and research units, services, and the representation of organized civil society. The integrated information and communication actions aim to articulate knowledge, practices and public policies with the objective of strengthening the National Policy for Workers’ Health and actions aimed at promoting health in populations exposed occupationally and environmentally to Sars-CoV-2.

RESUMO O objetivo deste relato de experiência foi apresentar os resultados parciais, potencialidades e reflexões sobre a implantação da Rede de Informações e Comunicação sobre a Exposição de Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras ao Sars-CoV-2 no Brasil. Essa Rede de Informações e Comunicação busca contribuir com a produção e a disseminação de informações sobre o enfrentamento da pandemia, divulgando normas e orientações de prevenção à saúde dos(as) trabalhadores(as) que estão exercendo atividades presenciais em diversos ramos produtivos durante a pandemia. Simultaneamente, a Rede desenvolveu instrumentos de registro da situação de exposição desses(as) trabalhadores(as), pela ação interinstitucional das unida- des de ensino e pesquisa, serviços e a representação da sociedade civil organizada. As ações integradas de informação e comunicação têm o propósito de articular saberes, práticas e políticas públicas com o objetivo de fortalecer a Política Nacional de Saúde do Trabalhador e da Trabalhadora e ações direcionadas à promoção da saúde em populações expostas ocupacional e ambientalmente ao Sars-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this experience report was to present the partial results, potentials, and reflections on the implementation of the Information and Communication Network on the Exposure of Workers to Sars-CoV-2 in Brazil. This Information and Communication Network seeks to contribute to the production and dissemination of information on combating the pandemic, disseminating health prevention norms and guidelines for workers who are performing on-site activities in various productive branches during the pandemic. Simultaneously, the Network developed instruments to record the exposure situation of these workers, due to the interinstitutional action of the teaching and research units, services, and the representation of organized civil society. The integrated information and communication actions aim to articulate knowledge, practices and public policies with the objective of strengthening the National Policy for Workers’ Health and actions aimed at promoting health in populations exposed occupationally and environmentally to Sars-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT Background: Aedes aegypti is currently controlled with synthetic larvicides; however, mosquitoes have become highly resistant to these larvicides and difficult to eradicate. Studies have shown that insecticides derived from fungal extracts have various mechanisms of action that reduce the risk of resistance in these mosquitoes. One possible mechanism is uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the larvae, which can cause changes at the cellular level. Thus, the crude extract of Xylaria sp. was evaluated to investigate the oxidative effect of this extract in A. aegypti larvae by quantifying the oxidative damage to proteins and lipids. Methods: The larvicidal potential of the crude extract of Xylaria sp. Was evaluated, and the extract was subsequently tested in human lung fibroblasts for cytotoxicity and ROS production. ROS level was quantified in the larvae that were killed following exposure to the extract in the larvicide test. Results: The crude extract of Xylaria sp. Caused cytotoxicity and induced ROS production in human lung fibroblasts and A. aegypti larvae, respectively. In the larvicide trial, the extract showed an LC50 of 264.456 ppm and an LC90 of 364.307 ppm, and was thus considered active. The extract showed greater oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, with LC90 values of 24.7 µmol MDA/L and 14.6278 ×10-3 nmol carbonyl/ mg protein, respectively. Conclusions: Crude extracts of Xylaria sp. induced oxidative stress that may have caused the mortality of A. aegypti larvae.

ABSTRACT Background: Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of viruses, such as Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, and dengue. In this context, a biomonitored chemical study was conducted to evaluate the activity of the crude extract of the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. against the larvae of Aedes aegypti. Methods: Crude extract, fractions, and isolated substances were evaluated in in-vitro assays against third-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti. Results: We isolated 3-nitropropionic acid with an LC50 of 15.172 ppm and LC90 of 18.178 ppm after 24 hours of larval exposure. Conclusions: The results indicated that 3-nitropropionic acid exerted larvicidal activity.