ABSTRACT Introduction Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 4 (RBBP4), belonging to the WD-40 family, is an important member of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 (PRC2), the Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylation complex (NuRD), and is involved in chromatin remodeling, histone deacetylation, and H3K27 methylation. Methods The effects of cisplatin treatment on cell viability were evaluated using the MTT assay. Western blotting was employed to analyze protein expression, and RNA interference-mediated knockdown of RBBP4 and cyclin D1 was conducted using Lipofectamine 2000. The formation of colonies was evaluated following a 14-day cisplatin treatment period. Cisplatin uptake was quantified by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. RNA sequencing was conducted on total RNA extracted from cells, and lentiviral vectors were employed for gene overexpression, followed by puromycin selection. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarrays of lung and cervical adenocarcinoma in order to evaluate RBBP4 expression. Results In this study, cisplatin was found to induce RBBP4 expression in human lung cancer A549 cells, and RBBP4 expression in cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells was significantly higher than in A549 cells. Downregulating RBBP4 expression by small interfering RNA significantly increased the sensitivity of A549 and A549/DDP cells to cisplatin. Conversely, lentiviral-mediated RBBP4 overexpression reduced sensitivity to cisplatin. Mechanistic studies showed that downregulated RBBP4 increased cell sensitivity to cisplatin mainly by inhibiting cyclinD1 expression, and lentiviral-mediated cyclinD1 caused the opposite effects. These same results were verified in human HeLa cells and in cisplatin-resistant HeLa/DDP cells. Discussion This study showed that RBBP4 regulates the sensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatin and is a potential target for reversing cisplatin resistance in tumor cells.

ABSTRACT Introduction: We aim to compare the safety and effectiveness of the KangDuo (KD)-Surgical Robot-01 (KD-SR-01) system and the da Vinci (DV) system for robot-assisted radical nephroureterectomy (RARNU). Materials and Methods: This multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted between March 2022 and September 2023. Group 1 included 29 patients undergoing KD-RARNU. Group 2 included 29 patients undergoing DV-RARNU. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics, perioperative data, and follow-up outcomes were collected prospectively and compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in patient baseline demographic and preoperative characteristics between the two groups. The success rates in both groups were 100% without conversion to open or laparoscopic surgery or positive surgical margins. No significant difference was observed in docking time [242 (120-951) s vs 253 (62-498) s, P = 0.780], console time [137 (55-290) min vs 105 (62-220) min, P = 0.114], operative time [207 (121-460) min vs 185 (96-305) min, P = 0.091], EBL [50 (10-600) mL vs 50 (10-700) mL, P = 0.507], National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index scores, and postoperative serum creatinine levels between the two groups. None of the patients showed evidence of distant metastasis, local recurrence, or equipment-related adverse events during the four-week follow-up. One (3.4%) patient in Group 2 experienced postoperative enterovaginal and enterovesical fistulas (Clavien-Dindo grade III). Conclusions: The KD-SR-01 system is safe and effective for RARNU compared to the DV Si or Xi system. Further randomized controlled studies with larger sample sizes and longer durations are required.

ABSTRACT: Acute liver injury (ALI) is an important medical problem that requires effective therapy. Astaxanthin (AST) is a carotenoid, and the beneficial effects of astaxanthin, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour activities, have been identified. The present study was designed to elucidate the protective effects of astaxanthin against ALI and their underlying mechanisms. RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide combined with different doses of astaxanthin for 12 h. Mice were fed with or without astaxanthin for up to 7 days. LPS was administered to induce inflammation. We assessed histopathology, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis .The results indicated that astaxanthin attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that astaxanthin down regulated the nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signalling pathways, inhibiting the LPS-induced inflammatory response, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis, and alleviating LPS-induced ALI in mice.

RESUMO: A lesão hepática aguda (ALI) é um problema médico importante que requer terapia eficaz. A astaxantina (AST) é um carotenóide, e os efeitos benéficos da astaxantina, incluindo atividades antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórias e antitumorais, foram identificados. O presente estudo foi desenhado para elucidar os efeitos protetores da astaxantina contra ALI e seus mecanismos subjacentes. Macrófagos RAW264.7 foram tratados com dimetil sulfóxido combinado com diferentes doses de astaxantina por 12 h. Os camundongos foram alimentados com ou sem astaxantina por até sete dias. O LPS foi administrado para induzir a inflamação. Histopatologia, estresse oxidativo, inflamação e apoptose foram avaliados. Os resultados indicaram que a astaxantina atenuou o estresse oxidativo induzido por LPS, inflamação e apoptose celular in vivo e in vitro. Experimentos in vivo e in vitro mostraram que a astaxantina regulou negativamente as vias de sinalização do fator nuclear-kappa beta (NF-κB), fator nuclear 2 relacionado ao eritróide 2 (Nrf2) e domínio de pirina da família NLR contendo 3 (NLRP3), inibindo o LPS- resposta inflamatória induzida, estresse oxidativo e apoptose celular e alívio da ALI induzida por LPS em camundongos.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Explorar las asociaciones y diferencias de género entre ansiedad en salud, alfabetización en cibersalud y salud autoinformada en estudiantes universitarios chinos. Métodos: Se reclutaron voluntariamente 1.205 estudiantes universitarios, con edad comprendida entre 18 y 22 años, para un cuestionario online autoinformado. Resultados: El nivel de gravedad de ansiedad en salud entre los estudiantes universitarios fue clasificado como ansiedad de estilo de vida, ansiedad psicológica, ansiedad de apariencia física. Se encontraron diferencias significativas de género en la ansiedad de apariencia, pero ninguna en la alfabetización en cibersalud. La alfabetización en cibersalud estuvo asociada positivamente a la salud autoinformada; la ansiedad en salud estuvo asociada negativamente a la salud autoinformada. La alfabetización en cibersalud, estilo de vida, ansiedad psicológica y física de las mujeres y la alfabetización en cibersalud, la ansiedad de apariencia de los hombres impactaron significativamente en su salud autoinformada. Conclusión: A menos alfabetización en cibersalud o más ansiedad en salud, se desmejora la salud autoinformada. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de que los estudiantes universitarios mejoren la alfabetización en cibersalud para así disminuir la ansiedad en salud. Son necesarias intervenciones urgentes y apropiadas con diferencias de género.

RESUMO Objetivo: Explorar as associações e diferenças de gênero entre ansiedade em saúde, alfabetização em e-Saúde e saúde autorrelatada em estudantes universitários chineses. Métodos: 1.205 estudantes universitários com idades entre 18 e 22 anos foram recrutados voluntariamente para um questionário online autorrelatado. Resultados: O nível de gravidade da ansiedade em saúde entre estudantes universitários foi classificado como ansiedade de estilo de vida, ansiedade psicológica, ansiedade de aparência, ansiedade física. Houve diferenças significativas de gênero na ansiedade de aparência, mas nenhuma na alfabetização em e-Saúde de estudantes universitários. A alfabetização em e-Saúde foi positivamente associada à saúde autorrelatada; a ansiedade em saúde foi negativamente associada à saúde autorrelatada. A alfabetização em e-Saúde, estilo de vida, ansiedade psicológica e física das mulheres e a alfabetização em e-Saúde, ansiedade de aparência dos homens impactaram significativamente em sua saúde autorrelatada. Conclusão: Quanto menor a alfabetização em e-Saúde ou maior a ansiedade em saúde, pior sua saúde autorrelatada. As descobertas ressaltaram a importância de os estudantes universitários melhorarem a alfabetização em e-Saúde e reduzirem a ansiedade em saúde. Intervenções apropriadas com diferenças de gênero eram urgentemente necessárias.

ABSTRACT Objective To explore the associations and gender differences between health anxiety, eHealth literacy and self-reported health in Chinese university students. Methods 1,205 university students aged 18–22 years were voluntarily recruited to respond to an online self-report questionnaire. Results The severity level of health anxiety among university students was ranked as lifestyle anxiety, psychological anxiety, appearance anxiety, physical anxiety. There were significant gender differences in appearance anxiety, and yet no in eHealth literacy of university students. eHealth literacy was positively associated with self-reported health; health anxiety was negatively associated with self-reported health. Female’s eHealth literacy, lifestyle, psychological and physical anxiety, and male’s eHealth literacy, appearance anxiety significantly impacted on their self-reported health. Conclusion The lower eHealth literacy or the more health anxiety, the worse their self-reported health. The findings underscored the importance for university students to improve eHealth literacy and reduce health anxiety. Appropriate interventions with gender differences were urgently needed.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Explorar las asociaciones y las diferencias de género entre el comportamiento de búsqueda de OHI (información sanitaria en línea) y los conocimientos sobre e-Salud (salud electrónica) entre estudiantes universitarios chinos. Métodos: Se utilizaron cuestionarios en línea de la escala de conocimientos en e-Salud y conductas de búsqueda de OHI creadas con el software Wenjunxing. En el análisis de los datos, se utilizó el programa SPSS para llevar a cabo las pruebas de chi-cuadrado, pruebas t y análisis de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: De los 5.383 participantes, el 72,4% estaba formado por muchachas, el 77,5% vivía en zonas rurales, el 51,2% era licenciado en Humanidades y el 76,6% tenía padres con bajo nivel educativo. Las puntuaciones medias del C-eHEALS para chicos y chicas fueron 26,53 ± 5,861 y 26,84 ± 5,816, respectivamente, sin diferencias significativas (P = 0,084). Las tres conductas principales de búsqueda de la OHI para muchachos y muchachas, así como para los grupos de C-eHEALS bajo y alto, fueron “encontrar información sobre ejercicio físico”; “leer o compartir información sobre salud a través de las redes sociales”; “encontrar información sobre nutrición y dietas”, todos ellos con diferencias significativas de género y de aprendizaje sobre e-Salud. Conclusiones: Las diferencias de género y de conocimientos en e-Salud deben centrarse en la intervención a la hora de desarrollar e implementar la formación en cibersalud para padres y adolescentes en escuelas y comunidades.

RESUMO Objetivo: Visa explorar associações e diferenças de gênero entre comportamentos de busca de OHI (busca de informações de saúde on-line) e letramento em e-Saúde (saúde eletrônica) entre estudantes universitários chineses. Métodos: Questionários on-line da escala de letramento em e-Saúde e comportamentos de busca de OHI criados no software Wenjunxing foram utilizados nesta pesquisa. Testes qui-quadrado, teste t e análise de correlação de Pearson foram realizados utilizando SPSS para análise de dados. Resultados: Dos 5.383 participantes, 72,4% eram meninas, 77,5% viviam em áreas rurais, 51,2% eram formados em artes liberais, 76,6% tinham pais com baixa escolaridade. As pontuações médias do C-eHEALS de meninos e meninas foram 26,53 ± 5,861 e 26,84 ± 5,816, respectivamente, sem diferença significativa (P = 0,084). Os três principais comportamentos de busca de IHO para meninos e meninas, bem como para os grupos baixo e alto do C-eHEALS, foram “encontrar informações sobre exercícios físicos”; “ler ou compartilhar informações de saúde através das redes sociais”; “encontrar informações sobre nutrição e dieta”, todos com diferenças significativas de gênero e de letramento em e-Saúde. Conclusões: As diferenças de gênero e de letramento em e-Saúde devem ser focadas na intervenção ao desenvolver e implementar formação de intervenção em e-Saúde para pais e adolescentes em escolas e comunidades.

ABSTRACT Objective: to explore associations and gender differences between OHI-seeking (online health information seeking) behaviors and eHealth (electronic health) literacy among Chinese university students. Methods: Online questionnaires of eHealth literacy scale and OHI-seeking behaviors created in software Wenjunxing were used in this survey. Chi-squared tests, t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis were performed using SPSS for data analysis. Results: Among 5,383 participants, 72.4% were girls, 77.5% lived in rural areas, 51.2% majored in liberal arts, 76.6% with low education parents. The average C-eHEALS scores of boys and girls were 26.53 ± 5.861 and 26.84 ± 5.816, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.084). The top three OHI-seeking behaviors for boys and girls, as well as for the C-eHEALS low and high groups, were “finding information about physical exercises” “reading or sharing health information via social media” “finding information about nutrition and diet”, all of which had significant gender and eHealth literacy differences. Conclusions: Gender and eHealth literacy differences should be focused for intervention when developing and implementing eHealth intervention training for parents and adolescents in schools and communities.

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar la función de programas del seguro social de salud en reducir las desigualdades en incidencia e intensidad del gasto catastrófico en salud (GCS) en pacientes con cáncer en China. Método: Se realizó seguimiento de una muestra de conveniencia de 2534 pacientes con cáncer atendidos en nueve hospitales en 2015 y 2016, mediante entrevistas cara a cara de marzo a diciembre de 2018. Se calcularon la incidencia y la intensidad (reacción positiva promedio) de GCS (≥40% consumo del hogar). Resultados: Alrededor del 72% de los pacientes con cáncer experimentaron eventos de GCS después de la compensación del seguro; reacción positiva promedio acumulado del 28.27% (DE: 15.83%) del consumo del hogar. En general, el seguro social contribuyó al descenso de un pequeño porcentaje de eventos de GCS. La desigualdad relacionada con ingresos de GCS persistió antes y después de la compensación del seguro. Los pacientes más ricos se benefician más que los pobres. Conclusiones: El tratamiento para el cáncer está asociado con una mayor incidencia de eventos de GCS en China. El efecto mitigante del seguro social de salud es limitado en los eventos de GCS.

Abstract Objective: To determine the role of social health insurance programs in reducing inequality in the incidence and intensity of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) of cancer patients in China. Method: A convenient sample of 2534 cancer patients treated in nine hospitals in 2015 and 2016 were followed up through face-to-face interviews in March-December 2018. The incidence and intensity (mean positive overshoot) of CHE (≥ 40% household consumption) were calculated. Results: About 72% of cancer patients experienced CHE events after insurance compensation, with the catastrophic mean positive overshoot amounting to 28.27% (SD: 15.83%) of the household consumption. Overall, social insurance contributed to a small percentage of drop in CHE events. Income-related inequality in CHE persisted before and after insurance compensation. Richer patients benefit more than poorer ones. Conclusions: Cancer treatment is associated with high incidence of CHE events in China. The alleviating effect of social health insurance on CHE events is limited.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to prepare Ganoderma-based activated carbons for chemical adsorption and catalyzing N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid to glyphosate. The activated carbons were prepared by applying different activation conditions. These carbon samples were applied to catalyze N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid to glyphosate. The results showed that the black Ganoderma char activated at 800 °C for 90 min using 40% phosphoric acid had the highest methylene blue adsorption capacity and DPPH scavenging activities, but the methylene blue adsorption capacity of the black Ganoderma sample activated at 800 °C for 90 min using 40% acid-base solution was lower than the red AC sample. These carbon samples had high thermal stability. Chemical modifications of these chars with the carbon modifiers at an optimized activation condition increased the Langmuir-specific surface areas of these carbon samples up to 2055.09 m2/g. The carbon sample of black Ganoderma activated using the 40% acid-base solution at 800 °C for 90 min and coupled with the addition of hydrogen peroxide during ultrasonication and microwave-assisted reactions had the highest glyphosate catalyzing rate. The glyphosate yield obtained from the catalyzing at atmospheric pressure was 58.78 ± 0.28%. These Ganoderma-based activated carbons can replace other carbon materials for catalysis applications and as adsorbents in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Abstract Background The early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains a significant challenge in neurology, with conventional methods often limited by subjectivity and variability in interpretation. Integrating deep learning with artificial intelligence (AI) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis emerges as a transformative approach, offering the potential for unbiased, highly accurate diagnostic insights. Objective A meta-analysis was designed to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of deep learning of MRI images on AD and MCI models. Methods A meta-analysis was performed across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, focusing on the diagnostic accuracy of deep learning. Subsequently, methodological quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 checklist. Diagnostic measures, including sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were analyzed, alongside subgroup analyses for T1-weighted and non-T1-weighted MRI. Results A total of 18 eligible studies were identified. The Spearman correlation coefficient was -0.6506. Meta-analysis showed that the combined sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.84, 0.86, 6.0, 0.19, and 32, respectively. The AUROC was 0.92. The quiescent point of hierarchical summary of receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) was 3.463. Notably, the images of 12 studies were acquired by T1-weighted MRI alone, and those of the other 6 were gathered by non-T1-weighted MRI alone. Conclusion Overall, deep learning of MRI for the diagnosis of AD and MCI showed good sensitivity and specificity and contributed to improving diagnostic accuracy.

Resumo Antecedentes O diagnóstico precoce da doença de Alzheimer (DA) e do comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) continua sendo um desafio significativo na neurologia, com métodos convencionais frequentemente limitados pela subjetividade e variabilidade na interpretação. A integração da aprendizagem profunda com a inteligência artificial (IA) na análise de imagens de ressonância magnética surge como uma abordagem transformadora, oferecendo o potencial para insights diagnósticos imparciais e altamente precisos. Objetivo Uma metanálise foi projetada para analisar a precisão diagnóstica do aprendizado profundo de imagens de ressonância magnética em modelos de DA e CCL. Métodos Uma metanálise foi realizada nos bancos de dados das bibliotecas PubMed, Embase e Cochrane seguindo as diretrizes Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), com foco na precisão diagnóstica do aprendizado profundo. Posteriormente, a qualidade metodológica foi avaliada por meio do checklist QUADAS-2. Medidas diagnósticas, incluindo sensibilidade, especificidade, razões de verossimilhança, razão de chances diagnósticas e área sob a curva característica de operação do receptor (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC]) foram analisadas, juntamente com análises de subgrupo para ressonância magnética ponderada em T1 e não ponderada em T1. Resultados Um total de 18 estudos elegíveis foram identificados. O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi de -0,6506. A metanálise mostrou que a sensibilidade e a especificidade combinadas, a razão de verossimilhança positiva, a razão de verossimilhança negativa e a razão de chances de diagnóstico foram 0,84, 0,86, 6,0, 0,19 e 32, respectivamente. A AUROC foi de 0,92. O ponto quiescente do resumo hierárquico da característica de operação do receptor (hierarchical summary of receiver operating characteristic [HSROC]) foi 3,463. Notavelmente, as imagens de 12 estudos foram adquiridas apenas por ressonância magnética ponderada em T1, e as dos outros 6 foram obtidas apenas por ressonância magnética não ponderada em T1. Conclusão Em geral, a aprendizagem profunda da ressonância magnética para o diagnóstico de DA e CCL mostrou boa sensibilidade e especificidade e contribuiu para melhorar a precisão diagnóstica.

ABSTRACT Objective To explore the associations and gender differences between health anxiety, eHealth literacy and self-reported health in Chinese university students. Methods 1,205 university students aged 18–22 years were voluntarily recruited to respond to an online self-report questionnaire. Results The severity level of health anxiety among university students was ranked as lifestyle anxiety, psychological anxiety, appearance anxiety, physical anxiety. There were significant gender differences in appearance anxiety, and yet no in eHealth literacy of university students. eHealth literacy was positively associated with self-reported health; health anxiety was negatively associated with self-reported health. Female’s eHealth literacy, lifestyle, psychological and physical anxiety, and male’s eHealth literacy, appearance anxiety significantly impacted on their self-reported health. Conclusion The lower eHealth literacy or the more health anxiety, the worse their self-reported health. The findings underscored the importance for university students to improve eHealth literacy and reduce health anxiety. Appropriate interventions with gender differences were urgently needed.

RESUMO Objetivo: Explorar as associações e diferenças de gênero entre ansiedade em saúde, alfabetização em e-Saúde e saúde autorrelatada em estudantes universitários chineses. Métodos: 1.205 estudantes universitários com idades entre 18 e 22 anos foram recrutados voluntariamente para um questionário online autorrelatado. Resultados: O nível de gravidade da ansiedade em saúde entre estudantes universitários foi classificado como ansiedade de estilo de vida, ansiedade psicológica, ansiedade de aparência, ansiedade física. Houve diferenças significativas de gênero na ansiedade de aparência, mas nenhuma na alfabetização em e-Saúde de estudantes universitários. A alfabetização em e-Saúde foi positivamente associada à saúde autorrelatada; a ansiedade em saúde foi negativamente associada à saúde autorrelatada. A alfabetização em e-Saúde, estilo de vida, ansiedade psicológica e física das mulheres e a alfabetização em e-Saúde, ansiedade de aparência dos homens impactaram significativamente em sua saúde autorrelatada. Conclusão: Quanto menor a alfabetização em e-Saúde ou maior a ansiedade em saúde, pior sua saúde autorrelatada. As descobertas ressaltaram a importância de os estudantes universitários melhorarem a alfabetização em e-Saúde e reduzirem a ansiedade em saúde. Intervenções apropriadas com diferenças de gênero eram urgentemente necessárias.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Explorar las asociaciones y diferencias de género entre ansiedad en salud, alfabetización en cibersalud y salud autoinformada en estudiantes universitarios chinos. Métodos: Se reclutaron voluntariamente 1.205 estudiantes universitarios, con edad comprendida entre 18 y 22 años, para un cuestionario online autoinformado. Resultados: El nivel de gravedad de ansiedad en salud entre los estudiantes universitarios fue clasificado como ansiedad de estilo de vida, ansiedad psicológica, ansiedad de apariencia física. Se encontraron diferencias significativas de género en la ansiedad de apariencia, pero ninguna en la alfabetización en cibersalud. La alfabetización en cibersalud estuvo asociada positivamente a la salud autoinformada; la ansiedad en salud estuvo asociada negativamente a la salud autoinformada. La alfabetización en cibersalud, estilo de vida, ansiedad psicológica y física de las mujeres y la alfabetización en cibersalud, la ansiedad de apariencia de los hombres impactaron significativamente en su salud autoinformada. Conclusión: A menos alfabetización en cibersalud o más ansiedad en salud, se desmejora la salud autoinformada. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de que los estudiantes universitarios mejoren la alfabetización en cibersalud para así disminuir la ansiedad en salud. Son necesarias intervenciones urgentes y apropiadas con diferencias de género.

Pyroptosis has attracted attention due to its role in various cancers. Recently, gasdermins (GSDMs) involved in pyroptosis have been reported to be associated with several types of cancers. However, the role of GSDMs expression in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) is still not well understood. We analyzed the transcriptional and prognostic information and the role of GSDMs in patients with GC from TIMER, UALCAN, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases. The cBioPortal platform was used to discover the genetic alterations, significance, and networks of GSDMs. Furthermore, STRING, Cytoscape, and TIMER were used to explore functional enrichment and immunomodulation. GSDMB, GSDMC, GSDMD, and GSDME were more highly expressed in GC than in normal tissues in the TIMER database. Moreover, survival analyses in two databases showed that high expression of GSDME was related to shorter overall survival (OS) in patients with GC. Additionally, functional enrichment revealed that GSDMs may be involved in endopeptidase activity, peptidase regulatory activity, and cysteine peptidase activity. GSDMs correlated with infiltration levels of immune cells in GC, and GSDME correlated with the infiltrating level of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. This study indicated the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of GSDMs in GC. Our results showed that GSDME could play a significant oncogenic role in GC diagnosis and prognosis. However, our bioinformatics analyses should be validated in further prospective studies.

Abstract NCED1 (9-cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenase) plays important roles in controlling ABA levels and drought stress tolerance. The relationships between sequence polymorphisms of the TaNCED1 gene and drought resistance in wheat were analysed. Four allelic variations of the TaNCED1-5B generated to drought resistance were identified. Four groups of KASP (kompetitive allele-specific PCR) markers were developed based on the four alleles and were verified in a natural population of 311 wheat cultivars. The distribution of the four alleles of TaNCED1-5B in the natural population was clarified. Among the allelic variations, 84.62% of the wheat varieties with TT/-/C/-,TT/C/C/-,TT/-/C/G or TT/C/C/G haplotypes were dryland cultivars. The common feature of the above four haplotypes is that they all contain the TT (98) and C (343) alleles at the TaNCED1-5B-TT/CG (98) and TaNCED1-5B-C/T (343) loci, which indicated that these two locis had highly positive correlation with drought resistance in wheat.

Abstract Objectives This study explored novel biomarkers that can affect the diagnosis and treatment in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) related to mitochondrial metabolism. Methods The authors obtained the brain tissue datasets for AD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and downloaded the mitochondrial metabolism-related genes set from MitoCarta 3.0 for analysis. Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were screened using the “limma” R package, and the biological functions and pathways were investigated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The LASSO algorithm was used to identify the candidate center genes and validated in the GSE97760 dataset. PMAIP1 with the highest diagnostic value was selected and its effect on the occurrence of AD by biological experiments. Results A sum of 364 DEGs and 50 hub genes were ascertained. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs were preponderantly associated with cell metabolism and apoptosis. Five genes most associated with AD as candidate central genes by LASSO algorithm analysis. Then, the expression level and specificity of candidate central genes were verified by GSE97760 dataset, which confirmed that PMAIP1 had a high diagnostic value. Finally, the regulatory effects of PMAIP1 on apoptosis and mitochondrial function were detected by siRNA, flow cytometry and Western blot. siRNA-PMAIP1 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit cell apoptosis. Conclusion This study identified biomarkers related to mitochondrial metabolism in AD and provided a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of AD. PMAIP1 was a potential candidate gene that may affect mitochondrial function in Hippocampal neuronal cells, and its mechanism deserves further study.

Abstract Objective: This study aims to investigate the expression levels of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), the precursor form of NGF (proNGF), and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in lung injury induced by cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R) in both young and elderly rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats, categorized as young (3-months-old) and elderly (16-months-old), were divided into four experimental groups: Young Sham, Young I/R, Elderly Sham, and Elderly I/R. Each group underwent either sham surgery or ischemia-reperfusion treatment. Following 24 h post-procedure, the severity of cerebral ischemia was assessed using the Zea Longa 5-point scoring system, and lung tissue pathological changes were examined using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining. Western blot analysis was utilized to measure the expression levels of NGF, proNGF, and p75NTR proteins in lung tissue. Results: Both young and elderly I/R groups exhibited lung tissue congestion and edema compared to their respective sham groups, with a significant increase in pathological scores (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the elderly I/ R group demonstrated a significantly higher pathological score compared to the young I/R group (p < 0.05). Western blot analysis revealed that compared to the young sham group, the expression of NGF in the lung tissue of elderly sham rats decreased (p < 0.05), while proNGF and p75NTR increased (p < 0.05). Additionally, compared to the sham group, the levels of NGF, proNGF, and p75NTR in lung tissue were elevated in both young and elderly I/R groups of rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of proNGF and p75NTR in lung tissue was higher in the elderly I/R group than in the young I/R group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-induced lung injury was associated with increased expression of proNGF and p75NTR, as well as decreased NGF expression in lung tissue. These alterations in NGF, proNGF, and p75NTR may contribute to the susceptibility to age-related lung injury.

Abstract Background: The authors aim to investigate the effect of music on hemodynamic fluctuations during induction of general anesthesia and reducing preoperative anxiety for women who underwent elective non-cardiac surgery. Methods: It is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial. Patients were randomized 1:1 to either a Music Intervention group (MI) or a Control group (Control). The MI participants listened to their preferred music for more than 30 minutes in the waiting area. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure anxiety levels in the groups, and hemodynamic parameters (Heart Rate [HR], Mean Arterial Pressure [MAP]) were continuously recorded before induction (T0), at loss of consciousness (T1), immediately before intubation (T2), and after intubation (T3). Intubation-related adverse events were also recorded. The primary outcome was the incidence of MAP changes more than 20 % above baseline during T0-T2. Results: A total of 164 patients were included in the final analyses. The incidence of MAP instability during T0-T2 was lower in the MI, and the 95 % Confidence Interval for the rate difference demonstrated the superiority of MI. HR instability was less frequent in MI participants both in T0-T2 and T2-T3. The overall incidence of preopera-tive anxiety was 53.7 % (88/164). After the music intervention, the mean score of STAI was significantly lower in the MI than in the Control, with a between-group difference of 8.01. Conclusions: Preoperative music intervention effectively prevented hemodynamic instability during anesthesia induction and significantly reduced preoperative anxiety in women undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery.