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RESUMEN Introducción: La etapa universitaria es un período de modificación en los estilos de vida. Los estudiantes de carreras de pedagogía y de la salud, adicionalmente, asumirán un rol de guías y modelos respecto a conductas saludables hacia sus estudiantes y pacientes respectivamente. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre las características antropométricas, la autopercepción del índice de masa corporal (IMC), la condición física y los hábitos alimentarios en estudiantes universitarios de carreras de pedagogía y de la salud. Materiales y método: Estudio descriptivo y correlacional. La muestra fue conformada por 158 estudiantes universitarios (edad, 22,5±2,5 años). Se evaluó las características antropométricas, autopercepción del IMC, condición física y hábitos alimentarios. Resultados: El IMC se correlacionó positivamente con el IMC percibido (r= 0.46, p= 0.012). El perímetro de cintura se correlacionó positivamente con el IMC percibido y la fuerza de prensión manual. El porcentaje de grasa corporal se correlacionó positivamente con el IMC percibido y negativamente con la condición física (potencia, prensión manual y flexibilidad). El área muscular del brazo se correlacionó con el IMC percibido, puntaje de IMC percibido y condición física. Los hábitos alimentarios presentaron una correlación negativa con el IMC percibido, pero no así con las características antropométricas. Conclusión: Los estudiantes universitarios de las carreras de salud y educación con mejor características antropométricas (menor IMC, perímetro de cintura y porcentaje de grasa y mayor área muscular del brazo), presentan una autopercepción mayor del IMC y un mejor rendimiento en las pruebas de condición física.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The university stage is a period of modification in lifestyles. Pedagogy and health career students, additionally, will assume the role of guides and models regarding healthy behaviours towards their students and patients, respectively. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between anthropometric characteristics, self-perception of body mass index (BMI), physical condition and eating habits among pedagogy and health career university students. Materials and method: Descriptive and correlational study. The sample consisted of 158 university students (age 22.5 ± 2.5 years). Anthropometric characteristics, self-perception of BMI, physical condition and eating habits were evaluated. Results: BMI was positively correlated with perceived BMI (r= 0.46, p= 0.012). Waist circumference was positively correlated with perceived BMI and handgrip strength. The percentage of body fat was positively correlated with the perceived BMI and negatively with the physical condition (power, handgrip and flexibility). Arm muscle area was correlated with perceived BMI, perceived BMI score, and physical condition. Eating habits were negatively correlated with perceived BMI but not with anthropometric characteristics. Conclusion: University students from health and education careers with better anthropometric characteristics (lower BMI, waist circumference and fat percentage, and greater muscle area of the arm), have a higher self-perception of BMI and better performance in fitness tests physical.

Niveles de actividad física y tiempo sedente en personas mayores con fragilidad: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017
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Concha-Cisternas, Yeny

; Vásquez-Gómez, Jaime

; Castro-Piñero, José

; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny

; Parra-Soto, Solange

; Matus-Castillo, Carlos

; Garrido-Méndez, Álex

; Poblete-Valderrama, Felipe

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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feb 2023, Volume 40 N. 1 Pages 28 - 34

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: la fragilidad se caracteriza por la pérdida de reservas biológicas y la vulnerabilidad a resultados adversos. Una intervención con efectos beneficiosos sobre la prevención y el manejo de la fragilidad es la práctica regular de actividad física (AF). Objetivo: caracterizar los niveles de AF y tiempo sedente en personas mayores con fragilidad. Metodología: se incluyó a 232 personas mayores de 60 años de la región metropolitana, participantes en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017. La fragilidad se evaluó en base a los criterios de la escala de fenotipos de Fried y el nivel de AF y tiempo sedentario con el cuestionario Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2). Los niveles de AF según el fenotipo de fragilidad se determinaron con análisis de regresión lineal. Resultados y conclusiones: las personas mayores con fragilidad realizan menos AF total (β = -292,6 min/día [IC 95 %: 399,5; -185,7], p = 0,001), laboral (β = -5821,8 min/día [IC 95 %: 8680,8; -2962,8], p = 0,001), de transporte (β = -68,0 min/día [IC 95 %: -105,4; -30,62], p = 0,001). También se observó menor cantidad de AF moderada (β = -137,7 min/día [IC 95 %: -202,0; -73,5], p = 0,001); vigorosa (β = -43,4 min/día [IC 95 %: -81,6; -5,20], p = 0,026) y mayor tiempo sedente (β = 3,55 hora/día [IC 95 %: -1,97; 5,14 ], p = 0,001). Las personas mayores frágiles presentan niveles más bajos de AF en comparación con sus pares sin fragilidad. Considerando que la población chilena experimentará un aumento en el número de personas mayores, es imprescindible implementar medidas preventivas que permitan retrasar la aparición de la fragilidad, como fomentar la práctica de AF en todos sus niveles.

Abstract Background: fragility is characterized by loss of biological reserves and vulnerability to adverse outcomes. An intervention with beneficial effects on the prevention and management of frailty is the regular practice of physical activity (PA). Objective: to determine the association between levels of PA, sedentary time and frailty in older Chileans by sex. Methodology: 232 people over 60 years of age from the metropolitan region participating in the National Health Survey 2016-2017 were included. Frailty was assessed based on the Fried Phenotype Scale criteria and PA level and sedentary time with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2). The association between levels of PA with the different states of frailty was investigated with linear regression analysis. Results and conclusion: elderly people with frailty have less total PA (β = -292.6 min/day [95 % CI: 399.5; -185.7], p = 0.001), occupational PA (β = -5821.8 min/day [95 % CI: 8680.8, -2962.8], p = 0.001), transportation (β = -68.0 min/day [95 % CI: -105.4, -30.62], p = 0.001). A lower amount of moderate AF was also found (β = -137.7 min/day [95 % CI: -202.0, -73.5], p = 0.001); vigorous (β = -43.4 min/day [95 % CI: -81.6; -5.20], p = 0.026) and longer time seated (β = 3.55 hours/day [95 % CI: - 1.97, 5.14], p = 0.001). Frail older people have lower PA levels compared to their peers without frailty. Considering that the Chilean population will experience an increase in the number of older people, it is essential to implement preventive measures to delay the onset of frailty, such as promoting the practice of PA at all levels

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04335

Strengthening public health policies for childhood cancer: Peru’s achievements through the WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer
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Maradiegue, Essy

; Pascual, Claudia

; Vasquez, Liliana

; Maza, Ivan

; Ugaz, Cecilia

; Montoya, Jackeline

; Zapata, Arturo

; García, Henry

; Chavez, Sharon

; Ordoñez, Katy

; Rossi, Jonathan

; Diaz, Rosdali

; Morales, Roxana

; Trigoso, Viviana

; Ames, Romy

; Celis, Edinho

; Barzola, Isela

; Torres, Liliana

; Cosme, Melitta

; Tarrillo, Fanny

; Rojas, Ninoska

; Santillan, Carlos

; Quispe, Yuly

; Palacios, Víctor

; Godoy, Victoria

; Tello, Mariela

; Tarco, Duniska

; Wachtel, Antonio

; Malaver, Estela

; Diaz, Elizabeth

; Goyburu, Marlene

; Perez, Vivian

; Talavera, Ivy

; Baca, Maria Edith

; Maza, Mauricio

; Saldaña, Lily

; Holguin, Alexis

; Jarquin, Marta

; Loggetto, Patricia

; Metzger, Monika

; Friedrich, Paola

; Lam, Cath

; Rodriguez Galindo, Carlos

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e132

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo. Relatar o progresso, desde junho de 2019, da implementação da Iniciativa Global da Organização Mundial da Saúde para o Câncer Infantil no Peru, no âmbito do marco CureAll, que pode ser replicado em países de baixa e média renda. Método. Foi utilizado um método misto de avaliação participativa e documental. A avaliação participativa incluiu interessados diretos de diferentes instituições governamentais, organizações sem fins lucrativos e parceiros internacionais. O aspecto documental consistiu em uma revisão de dados sobre o ambiente regulatório, projetos nacionais e intervenções implementadas. O Ministério da Saúde do Peru contou com mais de 150 participantes para a formação de comitês de trabalho, que elaboraram políticas e documentos normativos para fortalecer os serviços de atenção primária à saúde. Resultados. Entre os resultados alcançados estão a redução da taxa nacional de abandono do tratamento, de 18,6% para 8,5%, a aprovação da Lei do Câncer Infantil, melhorias no manejo de pacientes com neutropenia febril e redução nas taxas de deterioração clínica e mortalidade de pacientes hospitalizados. A implementação do CureAll permite que as equipes locais adotem estratégias específicas e monitorem os resultados iniciais em oncologia pediátrica. Conclusões. Os resultados obtidos refletem o trabalho em equipe, a liderança das autoridades, o suporte técnico dos profissionais e o apoio das organizações envolvidas. Serão necessárias mais ações para garantir a sustentabilidade, além de ferramentas de monitoramento para assegurar o sucesso das atividades planejadas.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Informar sobre los avances de Perú en el periodo transcurrido a partir de junio del 2019, en relación con la puesta en práctica de la Iniciativa Global de la Organización Mundial de la Salud contra el Cáncer Infantil utilizando el marco CureAll, que es posible replicar en los países de ingresos bajos y medianos. Métodos. Se utilizó un método mixto de evaluación participativa y documental. En la evaluación participativa intervinieron las partes interesadas de diversas instituciones gubernamentales, organizaciones sin fines de lucro y asociados internacionales. El aspecto documental consistió en un examen de los datos sobre el entorno regulatorio, los proyectos nacionales y las intervenciones llevadas a cabo. El Ministerio de Salud involucró a más de 150 participantes que formaron los comités de trabajo que han elaborado documentos normativos y regulatorios a fin de reforzar los servicios de asistencia. Resultados. Entre los logros cabe citar la disminución del 18,6% al 8,5% de la tasa nacional de abandono del tratamiento, la aprobación de la Ley de Cáncer Infantil, las mejoras en el tratamiento de los pacientes con neutropenia febril y la reducción de las tasas de episodios de deterioro clínico y de mortalidad en los pacientes hospitalizados. El marco de aplicación de CureAll permite que los equipos locales pongan en práctica estrategias específicas y realicen un seguimiento de los resultados iniciales en el ámbito de la oncología pediátrica. Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan el trabajo en equipo, el liderazgo de las autoridades, el respaldo técnico de los profesionales y el apoyo de las organizaciones implicadas. En el futuro, será necesario adoptar nuevas medidas para asegurar su viabilidad, y será preciso contar con herramientas de seguimiento para garantizar el éxito de las actividades planificadas.

ABSTRACT Objective. To report the progress in Peru, since June 2019, in the implementation of the World Health Organization Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer using the CureAll framework, which can be replicated in low- and middle-income countries. Methods. A mixed method was used of participatory and documentary evaluation. The participatory evaluation included stakeholders from various government institutions, nonprofit organizations, and international partners. The documentary aspect consisted of a review of data on the regulatory environment, national projects, and interventions implemented. The Ministry of Health engaged more than 150 participants to form working committees, which have developed policy and regulatory documents to strengthen care services. Results. Achievements include a decrease in the national treatment abandonment rate from 18.6% to 8.5%, the approval of the Childhood Cancer Law, improvements in the management of patients with febrile neutropenia, and a reduction in rates of events of clinical deterioration and mortality of hospitalized patients. The Cure All implementation framework allows local teams to implement specific strategies and monitor early outcomes in pediatric oncology. Conclusions. The results obtained reflect the teamwork, the leadership of the authorities, the technical support of professionals, and the support of involved organizations. Further actions will be needed to guarantee sustainability, and monitoring tools are needed to assure success in the planned activities.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2023.132

Cumplimiento de las Guías Alimentarias en adolescentes chilenos: un estudio transversal de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017
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Troncoso-Pantoja, Claudia

; Lanuza, Fabián

; Martínez-Sanguinetti, María Adela

; Leiva-Ordoñez, Ana María

; Ramírez-Alarcón, Karina

; Martorell, Miquel

; Labraña, Ana María

; Parra-Soto, Solange

; Lasserre-Laso, Nicole

; Nazar, Gabriela

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny

Andes pediatrica

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dec 2022, Volume 93 N. 6 Pages 878 - 888

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: El cumplimento de las Guías Alimentarias Basadas en Alimentos (GABA) vigentes en Chile, asegura una alimentación suficiente y equilibrada. Objetivo: Determinar el cumplimiento de 5 recomenda ciones de las GABA y su asociación con variables antropométricas, de estilo de vida y metabólicas, en adolescentes que participaron en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017. Sujetos y Método: Estu dio transversal que incluyó 355 adolescentes entre 15 a 19 años. Los participantes se dividieron en 4 grupos (cumple ninguna, 1, 2 o ≥ 3 recomendaciones) utilizando 5 mensajes de las GABA (consumo de leguminosas, pescado, lácteos, frutas y verduras y agua). Las asociaciones entre GABA y las varia bles de salida: peso corporal, índice de masa corporal, perímetro de cintura, actividad física, horas de sueño, variables metabólicas, fueron investigados utilizando análisis de regresión lineal ajustado por variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: El 5,6% de adolescentes cumplían con tres o más reco mendaciones GABA. De las recomendaciones medidas, presentaron un mayor cumplimiento el con sumo de agua (85%) y legumbres (78,7%), reconociendo diferencias entre mujeres y hombres para el consumo de legumbres (58,6% vs. 86,4%), agua (69,6% vs. 91%) y lácteos (92,9% vs. 39,1%). Los adolescentes con mayor cumplimiento de las GABA, presentaban una menor glicemia (p = 0,025). No se identificaron otras asociaciones significativas en estilos de vida y mediciones antropométricas. Conclusiones: Los adolescentes participantes en este estudio presentaron dificultades en la adhesión a recomendaciones de las GABA.

Abstract: In Chile, compliance with the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (GABA) ensures an adequate and balanced diet. Objective: To determine compliance with five GABA recommendations and their associations with anthropometric, lifestyle, and metabolic variables, in adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years who participated in the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-2017. Subjects and Method: Cross-sectional study including 355 adolescents. Participants were divided into four groups (fulfilled 0, 1, 2, or ≥ 3 recommendations) using five messages from the GABA (consumption of legumes, fish, dairy products, water, and fruits and vegetables). Associations between GABA and outcome variables (weight, body mass index, waist circumference, physical activity, sleep, and metabolic variables) were investigated using linear regression analyses adjusted by sociodemographic confounders. Results: 5.6% of the adolescents met three or more GABA recommendations. Of the recommendations measured, the consumption of water (85%) and legumes (78.7%) presented greater compliance, showing differences between women and men regarding the consumption of legumes (58.6% vs. 86.4%), water (69.6% vs. 91%), and dairy products (92.9% vs. 39.1%). Adolescents with higher compliance with GABA had a better concentration of lower glycemia (p = 0.025). There were no other significant associations between lifestyle and anthropometric measurements. Conclusions: Adolescents who participated in this study presented difficulties in adhering to GABA recommendations, thus compromising the maintenance of healthy lifestyles.

https://doi.org/10.32641/andespediatr.v93i6.4191

Asociación entre nivel educacional y sospecha de deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores chilenas: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017
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Concha-Cisternas, Yeny

; Castro-Piñero, José

; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny

; Troncoso-Pantoja, Claudia

; Díaz, Ximena

; Cigarroa, Igor

; Martorell, Miquel

; Martínez-Sanguinetti, María Adela

; Nazar, Gabriela

; Leiva-Ordoñez, Ana María

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

Revista médica de Chile

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dec 2022, Volume 150 N. 12 Pages 1575 - 1584

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: A low education level has been associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. Aim: To determine the association between educational attainment and suspicion of cognitive imparirment in older Chilean population. Material and Methods: Data from 2,005 adults aged ≥ 60 years assessed during 2016-2017 Chilean National Health Survey were included. Education was self-reported and categorized as primary: ≤ 8 years; secondary: 9 to 12 years and beyond secondary: > 12 years. suspicion of cognitive imparirment was assessed with the Mini-Mental questionnaire. Results: Men and women with low education attainment had a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment (33% [95% confidence intervals (CI): 24; 41] and 27% [95% CI: 21; 33], respectively). Men who reported less schooling (≤ 8 years) were more likely to be at risk of suspicion of cognitive imparirment (Odds ratio (OR): 4.53 [95% CI: 1.10, 18.62]) compared to their peers. Women showed a substantially higher magnitude of association than men. The probability of suspicion of cognitive imparirment increased 9-times (OR: 9.96 [95% CI: 1.24; 79.6]) for 9-12 years and 18-times for ≤ 8 years of education (OR: 18.8 [95% CI: 2.42; 146.1]) compared to women with higher education. Conclusions: Older adults with low education attainment had an increased likelihood of developing suspicion of cognitive imparirment. However, the risk differs by sex, being higher in women than men.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872022001201575

Asociación del fitness cardiorrespiratorio con marcadores de adiposidad corporal: estudio de corte transversal de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Chile 2016-2017
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Vásquez-Gómez, Jaime

; Álvarez, Cristian

; Concha-Cisternas, Yeny

; Beltrán, Ana Rosa

; Díaz-Martínez, Ximena

; Cigarroa, Igor

; Parra-Soto, Solange

; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

Revista médica de Chile

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sep 2022, Volume 150 N. 9 Pages 1152 - 1161

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is inversely associated with metabolic diseases and adiposity markers. Aim: To assess the association of CRF with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and obesity in a representative sample of the Chilean population. Material and Methods: Data from 5,958 participants in the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-1027 aged 15 years or above were analyzed. CRF was estimated by an equation that included sociodemographic, anthropometric and health-related data and expressed in metabolic equivalent units (METs). The association between CRF and adiposity was assessed using linear and Poisson regression models and the results were presented as Prevalence Ratio (PR). Results: One MET increment in CRF was associated with a 3.27 kg/m2 (95% confidence intervals (CI): -3.35; -3.2) and 4.56 kg/m2 (95% CI: -4.67; -4.46) lower BMI in men and women, respectively. Waist circumference was 6.7 cm [95% CI: -6.98; -6.42] and 9 cm [95% CI: -9.33; -8.67] lower per 1-MET increment in CRF. With one MET increment, the probability of being obese was 34% (PR = 0.66 [95%CI: 0.63; 0.69]) and 36% (PR = 0.64 [95%CI: 0.61; 0.67]) lower in men and women, respectively. The probability of having a central obesity was 26% (PR = 0.74 [95%CI: 0.71; 0.77]) and 30% (PR = 0.70 [95%CI: 0.68; 0.73]) lower in men and women, respectively. Conclusions: A higher estimated CRF was associated with lower adiposity levels and a lower risk of being obese in both men and women. Public health policies aiming to increase physical activity are needed to increase the CRF of the Chilean population.

Fuerza de prensión manual. Un sencillo, pero fuerte predictor de salud en población adulta y personas mayores
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Concha-Cisternas, Yeny

; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny

; Castro-Piñero, José

; Parra, Solage

; Albala, Cecilia

; Wyngard, Vanessa Van De

; Vásquez, Jaime

; Cigarroa, Igor

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

Revista médica de Chile

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aug 2022, Volume 150 N. 8 Pages 1075 - 1086

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Muscle strength can be measured through different methods and handgrip strength is one of the most used techniques in epidemiological studies. Given its easy application, high reliability, and low cost, it is considered an important health biomarker. Handgrip strength is associated with adverse health outcomes such as mortality and risk of developing chronic diseases, cardiovascular, respiratory, cancer and dementia. There is a paucity of evidence in Chile about the association of handgrip strength with these health outcomes limiting its visibility and implementation in clinical settings. Therefore, this narrative review summarizes the scientific evidence about the association of grip strength with non-communicable chronic diseases and mortality in middle age and older adults.

Cambios en la prevalencia de depresión en Chile y el mundo debido a la pandemia por COVID-19
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Celis-Morales, Carlos

; Nazar, Gabriela

Revista médica de Chile

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may 2022, Volume 150 N. 5 Pages 691 - 692

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872022000500691

10.

Un alto nivel de fitness cardiorrespiratorio podría reducir en 60% el riesgo de morir por COVID-19
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Vásquez-Gómez, Jaime

; Concha-Cisternas, Yeny

; Álvarez, Cristian

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

Revista médica de Chile

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may 2022, Volume 150 N. 5 Pages 693 - 694

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872022000500693

11.

Modificación de estilos de vida de adolescentes chilenos durante el primer confinamiento por COVID-19
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Calabriano, Valeria

; Carrasco-Marín, Fernanda

; Ulloa, Natalia

; Dávalos, Alberto

; Ruiz-Roso, María Belén

; Celis-Morales, carlos

; Martorell, Miquel

Revista médica de Chile

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apr 2022, Volume 150 N. 4 Pages 483 - 492

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Confinement is an effective measure to control COVID-19, but it can have repercussions on lifestyle-related behaviors, especially among adolescents. Poor quality diet and low physical activity could trigger weight gain and the appearance of chronic non-communicable diseases at an early age. Aim: To investigate the changes in eating and physical activity patterns before and during the first COVID-19 confinement in Chilean adolescents. Material and Methods: Chilean adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years were invited to answer an online survey with 47 questions about dietary habits and physical activity. Results: The survey was answered by 420 participants and only four adolescents declined to answer it. Changes in eating patterns were evidenced, such as an increase in lunch consumption from 54.1 to 83%, and a decrease in the consumption of both healthy and unhealthy foods. Also, significant changes were observed in physical activity patterns, and an increase in the time spent sitting, from 4.7 to 5.8 hours during confinement. Conclusions: The first confinement for COVID-19 modified eating and physical activity patterns in Chilean adolescents towards unhealthy habits, which if maintained, could negatively affect their health and quality of life.

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12.

El complejo escenario molecular gatillado por el ejercicio físico agudo
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Mardones, Lorena

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

Revista médica de Chile

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feb 2022, Volume 150 N. 2 Pages 271 - 272

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

18 downloads

13.

Avances en medicina personalizada para el tratamiento de la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
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Villagrán, Marcelo

; Martorell, Miquel

; Díaz, Fredy

; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

Revista médica de Chile

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feb 2022, Volume 150 N. 2 Pages 273 - 275

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

89 downloads

14.

Cumplimiento de las Guías Alimentarias en personas mayores chilenas: Un estudio descriptivo de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017
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Troncoso-Pantoja, Claudia

; Martínez-Sanguinetti, María Adela

; Leiva-Ordoñez, Ana María

; Ramírez-Alarcón, Karina

; Martorell, Miquel

; Labraña, Ana María

; Parra-Soto, Solange

; Lasserre-Laso, Nicole

; Nazar, Gabriela

; Concha- Cisternas, Yeny

; Cigarroa, Igor

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny

Revista chilena de nutrición

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feb 2022, Volume 49 N. 1 Pages 70 - 78

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Chile is one of the Latin American countries that exhibits the greatest increase in the aging population, thus it is necessary to visualize different tools that guide healthy lifestyles at this stage of life. Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (abbreviated as GABA, for initials in Spanish) provide recommendations that allow improving the quality of life in older people. This study aimed to determine the level of compliance with GABA recommendations and their association with anthropometric, metabolic and lifestyles factors in 1,789 people over 60 years who participated in the 2016-2017 National Health Survey. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, in which participants were subdivided into four groups according to compliance with GABA: does not comply, complies with 1, 2 or at least 3 recommendations for consumption of legumes, fruits, vegetables, dairy, water and fish. As a result, 43.8% of older participants did not meet any of the GABA recommendations evaluated. These participants also performed less physical activity and had a longer sitting time (P-trend: <0.001). In conclusion, we highlight that close to 50% of elderly Chileans do not adhere to GABA recommendations, which could have implications for the health and well-being.

RESUMEN Chile es uno de los países de Latinoamérica que exhibe un mayor envejecimiento poblacional, por lo que es necesario visualizar distintas herramientas que direccionen estilos de vida saludables en esta etapa de la trayectoria vital. Las Guías Alimentarias Basadas en Alimentos (GABA) entregan recomendaciones que permiten mejorar la calidad de vida de personas mayores. Por lo anterior, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar el nivel de cumplimiento de recomendaciones de las GABA y su asociación con variables antropométricas, metabólicas y de estilos de vida en 1.789 personas mayores de 60 años que participaron en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en donde los participantes se subdividieron en cuatro grupos según cumplimiento de las GABA: no cumple, cumple con 1, 2 o a lo menos 3 recomendaciones de consumo de legumbres, frutas y verduras, lácteos, agua y pescado. Como resultado, el 43,8% de las personas mayores que participaron no cumplieron ninguna de las recomendaciones GABA evaluadas; estos últimos, realizaban menos actividad física y presentaban, además, una mayor probabilidad de pasar más tiempo sentados (p-tendencia: <0,001). Como conclusión, se destaca que cerca del 50% de las personas mayores en Chile no adhieren a las recomendaciones de las GABA, lo que podría repercutir en implicaciones en la salud y bienestar de la población mayor.

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Efectos en la capacidad funcional de un programa de ejercicio físico terapéutico basado en telesalud en personas con diagnóstico de osteoartritis de rodilla y cadera
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Metrics
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Muñoz-Fonseca, Fernando

; Concha-Cisternas, Yeny

; Díaz-Martínez, Ximena

; Celis-Morales, Carlos

; Zapata-Lamana, Rafael

; Cigarroa, Igor

Revista médica de Chile

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- Sobre o periódico
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jan 2022, Volume 150 N. 1 Pages 33 - 45

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: Telehealth is a novel therapeutic alternative. Aim: To determine the effects of a remote therapeutic physical exercise program (TPEP), based on telehealth, on functional physical capacity in people with knee or hip osteoarthritis. Patients and Methods: An eight-week TPEP was undertaken by 36 participants with a mean age of 68 years. The control group received printed exercise instructions, while the experimental group received the same instructions plus TPEP using tutorial videos and voice messaging via WhatsApp. Both groups were evaluated at baseline and the end of the intervention with the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Barthel index (BI), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), senior fitness test and with the Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS). Results: The experimental group decreased the VAS score and improved tandem balance, three-meter walk, sit and stand 5 times, sit and stand in 30 seconds, push-ups in 30 seconds, two minutes’ walk, join the right hand behind the back and SPPB general score. The control group increased the BI score and improved the three meters walking test, sitting, and standing 5 times, sit and stand 30 seconds chair test, 2 minutes walking test and the SPPB general score. No differences between groups were observed for the LEFS scale, BI, VAS and functional capacity. Conclusions: A TPEP based on telehealth has similar effectiveness than a TPEP based on traditional paper-based intervention to improve functional physical capacity in patients with OA. (Rev Med Chile 2022; 150: 33-45)

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