ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effects of the physically effective fiber (peNDF) content on nutrient composition of the total mixed ration (TMR), orts and fecal parameters in 15 commercial beef feedlots. The particle size distribution of TMR was measured adopting Penn State Particle Size Separator (PSPS). Samples were evaluated for dry matter (DM), ash, ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and starch content. Fecal samples were also evaluated for pH and score. The feedlots were categorized into peNDF<20% and peNDF ≥ 20%. Data were analyzed by a model that included fixed effects of treatment and covariates (sex and genetic groups). Levels of DM, CP, EE and starch were lower in TMR with peNDF ≥ 20% (P<0.05). Fecal dry matter was higher and morning fecal pH was lower for TMR with peNDF<20% (P<0.05). Physically effective fiber changed nutrient levels in TMR, orts, fecal pH and DM. So, using PSPS and fecal parameters are practical and indirect tools for measuring fecal starch and assessing the effectiveness of the diet supplied to ruminants.

RESUMO: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o teor de fibra fisicamente efetiva (FDNfe) de dietas totais e seus efeitos nos nutrientes da dieta, das sobras e nos parâmetros fecais de bovinos de corte em 15 confinamentos comerciais. As amostras da dieta foram separadas utilizando a peneira Penn State Particle Size Separator (PSPS). As amostras foram analisadas quanto aos teores de matéria seca (MS), matéria mineral (MM), extrato etéreo (EE), proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e amido. Nas amostras de fezes também foram avaliadas o escore e pH fecal. Os confinamentos foram categorizados em dois tratamentos: FDNfe<20% e FDNfe≥20%. Os dados foram analisados por um modelo que incluiu os efeitos de grupo e covariável (sexo e grupo genético). Os teores de MS, PB, EE e amido foram menores nas dietas com FDNfe≥20%(P<0,05). A MS fecal foi maior e pH fecal matinal foi menor nas dietas com FDNfe<20% (P<0,05). Sendo assim a efetividade da fibra alterou os nutrientes da dieta total e sobras, bem como as variáveis pH e MS fecal. Com isso, o uso de PSPS e parâmetros fecais são ferramentas práticas e indiretas para medir o amido fecal e a efetividade da dieta em confinamentos de bovinos comerciais.

Overview and Aims: Intrauterine systems (IUS) are one of the most effective forms of long acting reversible birth control, with low failure rates and high continuity and satisfaction rates. Still, they account for a small proportion of contraception use, which may be due to several myths and misperceptions. With this study, we aimed to assess Portuguese experts’ perceptions on potential benefits and fears that may limit women’s contraception choice and to identify current trends in clinical practice. Methods and Population: We performed an observational, descriptive and analytical study in which gynecologists/obstetricians were invited to answer an anonymous questionnaire by call or email made of multiple-choice questions on IUS use. Results: A total of 482 Portuguese Gynecologists answered the survey, of which 97.1% revealed that the insertion of IUS is a common procedure in their current clinical practice. More than 95% considered the insertion of IUS an easy procedure and a safe contraceptive method. Cost-efficacy and the fact that this method doesn’t rely on women´s action to be effective were the top benefits for IUS users, perceived by the physicians. On the other hand, concern about having a foreign object inside the body and fear of insertion pain were perceived by the physicians as the top barriers to IUS use. Female gynecologists perceived a higher degree of pain associated with IUS insertion (p=0.021). Overall, gynecology experts’ opinions were conservative regarding IUS recommendations to women. Conclusions: The results of this study provide a general insight towards Portuguese gynecologists’ perceptions, opinions and attitudes on the use of IUS. Most of the experts consider IUS a safe contraception method but, on the other hand, there is still concern about its use in particular female conditions which may in part contribute to the low rate of IUS use in Portuguese women.

Abstract: The present study investigates the social importance of the apple tree in Chiloé, between the mid-19th century and the first quarter of the 20th. Precisely, analyses its role in the construction of assets registered in wills and inventories of assets of the National Archive of the Administration (ARNAD) and National Historical Archive (ANH). The family domestic utility of the tree and its fruits stands out. At the same time, three solutions raised by notaries in the property divisions are revealed. It is concluded that apple trees symbolized a good of high value for Chiloé society, a key element in the social cohesion of the archipelago.

Resumen: El presente estudio investiga la importancia social del manzano en Chiloé, entre mediados del siglo XIX y el primer cuarto del XX. Para ello, es analizado su papel en la construcción de patrimonios registrados en testamentos e inventarios de bienes del Archivo Nacional de la Administración (ARNAD) y Archivo Nacional Histórico (ANH). Destaca la utilidad doméstica familiar del árbol y sus frutos; al mismo tiempo, se revelan tres soluciones planteadas por los notarios en las divisiones de bienes. Se concluye que los manzanos simbolizaron un bien de alto valor para la sociedad chilota, elemento clave en la cohesión social del archipiélago.

Abstract: We explained the emergence of the typical product Wicker from Chimbarongo, its origin and development. For this, three key moments of its historical evolution are analyzed (1762, 1914 and 1975). Thanks to their adaptative capacity, they ensured the survival of a prehispanic tradition with 400 producers located in that city. For the analysis, unpublished archival documents (18th and 19th centuries), periodicals of the O’Higgins Region, together with the Bulletin of the National Society of Agriculture, the Bulletin of the Society of Industrial Development and Censuses of the Republic between 1813 and 1920 are used as sources, together with the illustrated weeklies Caras y Caretas of Buenos Aires (Argentina, between 1898 and 1941), Zigzag de Santiago (Santiago, Chile, 1905-1964) and Sucesos (Valparaíso, Chile, 1902-1934).

Resumen: Se explica el surgimiento del producto típico mimbre de Chimbarongo, su origen y desarrollo. Se analizan tres momentos claves de su devenir histórico (1762, 1914 y 1975). Gracias a su capacidad adaptativa, los mimbreros de Chimbarongo fueron capaces de mantener viva una tradición prehispánica, con más de 400 productores localizados en la ciudad. El análisis utiliza como fuentes documentos inéditos de archivo (siglos XVIII y XIX), hemerográficas de la región de O’Higgins, Boletín de la Sociedad Nacional de Agricultura, Boletín de la Sociedad de Fomento Fabril, Censos de la República entre 1813 y 1920, los semanarios ilustrados Caras y Caretas de Buenos Aires (Argentina, 1898-1941), Zig-Zag (Santiago, Chile, 1905-1964) y Sucesos (Valparaíso, Chile, 1902-1934).

ABSTRACT. Calcium (Ca2+) is a nutrient in tomato plants, of which deficiency usually causes several problems including a physiological disorder known as blossom-end rot (BER) in the fruit. The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify morphological and physiological characteristics related to the susceptibility of tomato varieties to BER. The varieties studied were ‘Amalia’, ‘IPA-6’, ‘M-82’, ‘Mara’, and ‘Nagcarlan’, presenting different fruit formats. Physiological parameters that negatively correlated with BER were plant water potential, leaf area, plant dry mass, relationship between proximal/distal Ca2+, K+ content in the proximal and distal portions of the fruit, and proximal Ca2+ content. Physiological parameters that positively correlated with BER were number of trichomes in the abaxial and adaxial leaf portions, leaf stomatal conductance, distal Ca2+ content bound to the cell wall, leaf transpiration, and fruit length. Our results showed that ‘Mara’ and ‘Nagcarlan’, ‘Amalia’ and ‘IPA-6’, and ‘M-82’ presented low, medium, and high susceptibility to BER, respectively. We also found that total fruit Ca2+ concentration, particularly in the distal fruit tissue, was not the only factor responsible for the development of BER; rather, the balance between factors that increase and decrease the susceptibility of each variety affected development of this disorder.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The worldwide distribution and etiology of fibromyalgia are poorly understood. It is believed that different factors are involved, such as hepatitis C virus infection. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of fibromyalgia in hepatitis C virus infected patients, trying to identify the occurrence of liver injury, extrahepatic clinical manifestations, anxiety, depression, and the impact on the quality of life. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of patients (n=118) with hepatitis C virus infection who were compared with a group of clinically stable patients not infected with the hepatitis C virus (n=118). The Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire was applied, and for those diagnosed with fibromyalgia, the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire. Liver biopsies were analyzed according to the METAVIR classification. The Schirmer test was performed to investigate abnormal tear production in the studied patients. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, v.10.0. RESULTS: The prevalence of fibromyalgia in infected patients was 7.6%. In patients infected with fibromyalgia, a significant prevalence of anxiety and depression was observed. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire scores were higher in infected patients with fibromyalgia. When comparing the complementary tests in infected patients with and without fibromyalgia, no significant differences were found for the Schirmer test, viral genotype, and degree of fibrosis and liver inflammation. CONCLUSION: In females, there was a positive relationship between hepatitis C virus infection, fibromyalgia, and extrahepatic symptoms, which translates into a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression and impaired quality of life.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A fibromialgia tem distribuição mundial e etiologia pouco comprendida. Acredita-se no envolvimento de diferentes fatores, como a infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de fibromialgia em pacientes infectados pelo vírus da hepatite C, procurando identificar a ocorrência de lesão hepática, manifestações clínicas extra-hepáticas, ansiedade, depressão e o impacto na qualidade de vida. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal com pacientes (n=118) portadores de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C que foram comparados a um grupo composto de pacientes clinicamente estáveis e não infectados pelo vírus da hepatite C (n=118). Foi aplicado o Questionário de Ansiedade e Depressão, e para os que obtivessem o diagnóstico de fibromialgia, o Questionário de Impacto da Fibromialgia. As biopsias hepáticas foram analisadas de acordo com a classificação METAVIR. Foi realizado o teste de Schirmer para a pesquisa de lacrimejamento anormal nos pacientes estudados. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v.10.0. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de fibromialgia em pacientes infectados foi de 7,6%. Nos pacientes infectados com fibromialgia observou-se prevalência significativa de ansiedade e depressão. A pontuação do Questionário de Impacto da Fibromialgia foi maior nos pacientes infectados e com fibromialgia. Quando se relacionou os exames complementares em infectados com e sem fibromialgia, não foram constatadas diferenças significativas para o teste de Schirmer, genótipo viral e grau de fibrose e inflamação hepática. CONCLUSÃO: Nos indivíduos do sexo feminino, observou-se uma relação positiva entre a infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C, fibromialgia e sintomas extra-hepáticos, que se traduz em maior prevalência de ansiedade e depressão e em comprometimento na qualidade de vida.

RESUMEN Los principales problemas de la producción de plántulas de tomate en las regiones tropicales residen principalmente por la afectación de los factores climatológicos y el bajo empleo de los biofertilizantes, por lo cual, es importante buscar alternativas eficientes de manejo de los biofertilizantes en estas regiones que aumente la racionalidad y sustentabilidad. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar diferentes formas de aplicación de microorganismos en la producción de plántulas de tomate. El diseño fue en Bloques al Azar, en esquema factorial 4x3, el tamaño de las parcelas fue de 2m2 y los factores de estudios fueron la aplicación de microorganismos eficientes en cuatro niveles: sin (0), inoculación de la semilla a 100mL L-1 (S), aplicaciones foliares a 100mL L-1 (F) y la inoculación a la semilla más aplicaciones foliares (S+F) y tres variedades (Amalia, Rilia y Seen-2), con tres repeticiones. Los descriptores evaluados fueron el porcentaje de germinación (%), diámetro del tallo (cm), altura de planta (cm), número de hojas, rendimiento (plántulas m-2) y el ciclo de producción de las plántulas (días). Los resultados mostraron que en las tres variedades de tomate, la combinación de la inoculación a las semillas con las aplicaciones foliares de microorganismos eficientes incrementó el diámetro del tallo, la altura de la planta, el número de hojas y el rendimiento en las variedades Amalia y Rilia en 26,0 % y en la Seen-2 un 25,0% con relación al tratamiento control y el ciclo de producción de plántulas fue reducido en las variedades Amalia y Seen-2 un 24,0% y en la Rilia un 22,0%.

ABSTRACT The main problems of the production of tomato seedlings in the tropical regions reside mainly by the affectation by climatic factors and the low use of biofertilizers, for which, it is important to look for efficient alternatives of biofertilizers management in these regions that increases the rationality and sustainability. The objective of the work was to evaluate different application forms of efficient microorganisms in the tomato seedlings production. The randomized block design was used, in a 4x3 factorial scheme, the plot size was 2m2 and the studied factors were: the application of efficient microorganisms (EM) in four levels: sin (0), seed inoculation at 100mL L-1 (S), foliar applications at 100mL L-1 (F) and the combination of seed inoculation with foliage applications (S + F) and three tomato varieties (Amalia, Rilia and Seen-2), with three replications. Were evaluated the fallowing indicators: the emergence percentage (%), stem diameter (cm), plant height (cm), number of leaves, yield (seedlings m-2) and the seedling production cycle (days). The results showed that, in the three tomato varieties, the combinate treatment of seeds inoculation with foliage applications of efficient microorganisms increased the stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves and yield in the Amalia and Rilia varieties by 26%, and Seen-2 by 25% with relation to the control and the seedling production cycle was reduced in Amalia and Seen-2 varieties by 24% and Rilia by 22%.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance, body morphometric measurements and testicular development in lambs fed with different rates of sunflower meal inclusion. The animals (24) were randomly distributed in treatments with 0, 10, 20 and 30% of sunflower meal in the dry matter of the diet, in six replicates, during 56 days of confinement. The addition of the coproduct at increasing dietary rates increased linearly the dry matter intake in the percentage of live weight and neutral detergent fiber. Despite this, there was a linear reduction in ether extract intake and chest width. On the other hand, there was no difference in daily, total and final weight gains. The body condition score; height of withers, croup and thorax; length of body and croup; width of fore croup, hind croup and chest; thoracic and neck diameters also did not change with the addition of the coproduct. The testicular measures 26.76; 6.11; 6.08; 5.22; 5.21; 4.80, and 4.81cm varied quadratically with the inclusion. Therefore, the inclusion of 30% of the coproduct changes nutrient intake and testicular biometry, but does not interfere in the body weight and development, being an economical alternative.

Abstract The growth of the urban population raises concern about municipal public managers in the sense of providing emergency medical services (EMS) that are aligned with the needs of prehospital emergency medical care demanded by the population. The literature review aims at presenting the response time of emergency medical services in several parts of the world and discussing some factors that interfere in the result of this indicator such as GDP (Gross Domestic Product) percentage spent on health and life expectancy of countries. The study will also show that in some of the consulted articles, authors suggest to EMS recommendations for decreasing the response time using simulations, heuristics and metaheuristics. Response time is a basic indicator of emergency medical services, in such a way that researchers use the descriptive statistics to evaluate this parameter. Europe and the USA outstand in the publication of studies that present this information. Some articles use stochastic and mathematical methods to suggest models that simulate scenarios of response time reduction and suggest such proposals to the local EMS. Countries in which the response time was identified have a high index of human development and life expectancy between 74.7 and 83.7 years.

Abstract: Introduction: The study of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) at the genetic level is extremely important to understand their origin. In Mexico, there are few works addressed from this perspective. Objective: We investigated the role of the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) gene variant rs6265 G/A for single nucleotide polymorphism analysis in Mexican children with ASD using a case-control association design. Method: We made a pilot study by case-control analysis adjusting by gender, age, and ancestry. Results: Our study found no association between the BDNF rs6265 gene polymorphism and ASD [p = .419, OR = 1.597 (.514, 4.967)] Discussion and conclusion: Worldwide, the results of case-control association studies with the rs6265 of BDNF are controversial and do not always replicate. This may be due to the ethnicity of our population and additional factors not studied in the present work. Our study suggests that the SNP rs6265 is not contributing for ASD susceptibility in Mexican population.

Resumen: Introducción: El estudio de los trastornos del espectro autista a nivel genético es de suma importancia para entender su origen. En México existen pocos trabajos abordados desde esta perspectiva. Objetivo: Investigamos el papel de la variante del gen rs6265 G/A del factor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro (BDNF) para el análisis del polimorfismo de un solo nucleótido en niños mexicanos con TEA por medio de un diseño de asociación de casos y controles. Método: Realizamos un estudio piloto mediante un análisis de casos y controles ajustando por género, edad y ancestría. Resultados: Nuestro estudio no encontró asociación entre el polimorfismo del gen BDNF rs6265 y TEA [p = .419, OR = 1.597 (.514, 4.967)]. Discusión y conclusión: A nivel mundial, los resultados de estudios de asociación caso-control con el rs6265 de BDNF son controvertidos y no siempre se replican. Esto puede deberse a la etnicidad de nuestra población y a otros factores no estudiados en el presente trabajo. El estudio sugiere que el SNP rs6265 no contribuye a la susceptibilidad al TEA en población mexicana.

This article examines the historical itinerary of Chiloe ham, a typical product that was produced in the southern border of the Spanish Empire, and became famous in the court of the Viceroy of Peru. How to raise and feed the pigs and cured ham with smoked technique is studied. The socioeconomic profile of producers and the characteristics of the markets of Chile and Peru is also identified.

Este artículo examina el itinerario histórico del jamón de Chiloé, producto típico que se elaboraba en la frontera sur del imperio español, y que alcanzó fama en la corte del virrey del Perú. Se estudia la forma de criar y alimentar a los cerdos y de curar el jamón con la técnica del ahumado. También se identifica el perfil socioeconómico de los productores y las características de los mercados de Chile y Perú.

The article examines the history ofpajarete, a selected wine from the deserts of northern Chile, since records began (1790) up to its recognition as an Appellation of Origin wine and subsequent projection. The paper is based on documents such as customs books, printing press, farmers' stories and trademark registrations. We show that the pajarete wine has existed for 225 years in Chile; it has remained as a chosen wine, which has been developed, marketed and consumed in small amounts.

El artículo examina la historia del pajarete, vino escogido de los desiertos del norte de Chile, desde los primeros registros (1790) hasta su reconocimiento como Denominación de Origen y su proyección posterior. El trabajo se fundamenta en documentos como libros de Aduana, la prensa gráfica, los relatos campesinos y los registros de marcas del Instituto Nacional de Propiedad Industrial (INAPI). Se demuestra que el pajarete ha existido durante 225 años en Chile; se ha mantenido como un vino escogido, elaborado, comercializado y consumido en pequeñas cantidades.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe characteristics of work-related mental disorder (WRMD) cases in the State of Bahia, Brazil, 2007-2012. METHODS: this was a descriptive study using Bahia Surveillance and Health Protection Superintendents Office data kept on the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan). RESULTS: 211 cases of WRMD were reported, 97.0% in the Worker's Health Reference Centers (CEREST), with more reported cases in 2011 (n=63; 29.9%); slightly more than half the cases were found among men (n=108; 51.2%), the majority aged 18-49 (n=167; 79.1%), in formal jobs (n=179; 84.8%) and among service workers and sales persons (n=48; 22.7%); the most reported disorder was post-traumatic stress (n=51; 24.2%). CONCLUSION: almost all cases were reported in CEREST; despite underreporting, the characterization of cases is relevant for informing the construction of a network of mental health care in Occupational Health.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever características dos casos de transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho (TMRT) notificados no estado da Bahia, Brasil, no período 2007-2012. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) da Superintendência de Vigilância e Proteção da Saúde/Bahia. RESULTADOS: foram notificados 211 casos de TMRT, 97,0% nos Centros de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (CEREST), com mais registros em 2011 (n=63; 29,9%); pouco mais da metade eram homens (n=108; 51,2%), a maioria na faixa etária de 18-49 anos (n=167; 79,1%), em trabalho formal (n=179; 84,8%) e entre trabalhadores de serviços e vendedores do comércio (n=48; 22,7%); o transtorno mais notificado foi o estado de estresse pós-traumático (n=51; 24,2%). CONCLUSÃO: quase todos os casos foram notificados nos CEREST; não obstante a subnotificação, a caracterização dos casos é relevante para subsidiar a construção de uma rede de atenção à saúde mental na Saúde do Trabalhador.

Resumen OBJETIVO: describir las características de los casos de trastornos mentales relacionados con el trabajo (TMRT) notificados en el estado de Bahía, Brasil, 2007-2012. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo con datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación (Sinan) de la Superintendencia de Vigilancia y Protección de Salud/Bahia. RESULTADOS: notificaron 211 casos de TMRT, 97,0% en Centros de Referencia de Salud de los Trabajadores (CEREST), con mayor ocurrencia en 2011 (n=63; 29,9%); el porcentaje de casos fue ligeramente mayor en hombres (n=108; 51,2%), con edades entre 18 a 49 años (n=167; 79,1%), trabajo formal (n=179; 84,8%) y entre trabajadores de servicios y vendedores de comercio (n=48; 22,7%); el trastorno más notificado fue el estado de estrés pos traumático (n=51; 24,2%). CONCLUSIÓN: prácticamente se notificaron todos los casos en los CEREST; a pesar de la sub-notificación, la caracterización de los casos es relevante para subvencionar la construcción de una red de atención en salud mental e salud Laboral.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe characteristics of work-related mental disorder (WRMD) cases in the State of Bahia, Brazil, 2007-2012. METHODS: this was a descriptive study using Bahia Surveillance and Health Protection Superintendents Office data kept on the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan). RESULTS: 211 cases of WRMD were reported, 97.0% in the Worker's Health Reference Centers (CEREST), with more reported cases in 2011 (n=63; 29.9%); slightly more than half the cases were found among men (n=108; 51.2%), the majority aged 18-49 (n=167; 79.1%), in formal jobs (n=179; 84.8%) and among service workers and sales persons (n=48; 22.7%); the most reported disorder was post-traumatic stress (n=51; 24.2%). CONCLUSION: almost all cases were reported in CEREST; despite underreporting, the characterization of cases is relevant for informing the construction of a network of mental health care in Occupational Health.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever características dos casos de transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho (TMRT) notificados no estado da Bahia, Brasil, no período 2007-2012. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) da Superintendência de Vigilância e Proteção da Saúde/Bahia. RESULTADOS: foram notificados 211 casos de TMRT, 97,0% nos Centros de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (CEREST), com mais registros em 2011 (n=63; 29,9%); pouco mais da metade eram homens (n=108; 51,2%), a maioria na faixa etária de 18-49 anos (n=167; 79,1%), em trabalho formal (n=179; 84,8%) e entre trabalhadores de serviços e vendedores do comércio (n=48; 22,7%); o transtorno mais notificado foi o estado de estresse pós-traumático (n=51; 24,2%). CONCLUSÃO: quase todos os casos foram notificados nos CEREST; não obstante a subnotificação, a caracterização dos casos é relevante para subsidiar a construção de uma rede de atenção à saúde mental na Saúde do Trabalhador.

Resumen OBJETIVO: describir las características de los casos de trastornos mentales relacionados con el trabajo (TMRT) notificados en el estado de Bahía, Brasil, 2007-2012. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo con datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación (Sinan) de la Superintendencia de Vigilancia y Protección de Salud/Bahia. RESULTADOS: notificaron 211 casos de TMRT, 97,0% en Centros de Referencia de Salud de los Trabajadores (CEREST), con mayor ocurrencia en 2011 (n=63; 29,9%); el porcentaje de casos fue ligeramente mayor en hombres (n=108; 51,2%), con edades entre 18 a 49 años (n=167; 79,1%), trabajo formal (n=179; 84,8%) y entre trabajadores de servicios y vendedores de comercio (n=48; 22,7%); el trastorno más notificado fue el estado de estrés pos traumático (n=51; 24,2%). CONCLUSIÓN: prácticamente se notificaron todos los casos en los CEREST; a pesar de la sub-notificación, la caracterización de los casos es relevante para subvencionar la construcción de una red de atención en salud mental e salud Laboral.

Introducción: El cáncer de cuello uterino es un problema de salud pública en Paraguay. Objetivo: Determinar conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre virus del papiloma humano (VPH) y cáncer de cuello uterino en mujeres de 12 Unidades de Salud Familiar (USF) de Bañado Sur-Asunción, periodo abril-octubre 2012. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, utilizando cuestionario estructurado autoadministrado. Resultados: La edad promedio de las encuestadas fue 42 años, la mayoría en unión libre o casadas (70%); 65% tienen educación básica y media, 56% son amas de casa. El 83% tienen seguro médico; 78% escuchó hablar sobre cáncer de cuello uterino, 74% de éstas en los centros de salud. El 10% de las encuestadas conoce el VPH y lo relaciona con la enfermedad, 90 % escuchó hablar sobre la prueba de Papanicolaou, el 27 % de ellas sabe en qué consiste; 90% de las mujeres demostró actitud favorable y 56% prácticas favorables respecto a la prevención de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: El estudio permite conocer la percepción que tiene una población de mujeres de un barrio marginal de la capital del país, respecto al cáncer de cuello uterino y el principal factor de riesgo que lo produce, a fin de incrementar la prestación de servicios de prevención de este tipo de cáncer, además de propiciar el trabajo interinstitucional e intersectorial en la prevención y control de la enfermedad en el país.

Introduction: Cervix cancer is a public health problem in Paraguay. Objective: To determine knowledge, attitudes and practices on human papilloma virus (HPV) and uterine cervix cancer in women from 12 Family Health Units (FHU) of the Bañado Sur- Asunción, April-October 2,012 period. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study that used self-administered structured questionnaires. Results: The mean age was 42 years, most of them cohabitated or were married (70%); 65% had elementary and secondary education and 56% was housewife; 83% had medical insurance and 78% heard about uterine cervix cancer, 74% of them in health posts. Only 10% knew HPV and related it to a disease, 90% heard about Papanicolaou test, but only 27% knew what is, 90% showed favorable attitude and 56% favorable practices in relation to the disease prevention. Conclusions: The study provided information on the perception that a population of women from a marginal zone of the capital have in relation to cervical cancer and its main risk factor. This will allow increasing the supply of prevention services for this type of cancer, along with promoting inter-institutional and inter-sectorial work on the prevention and control of this disease in the country.