Abstract This article examines the origin and development of the Chacolí de Doñihue Festival, in the O’Higgins Region, from its first version in 1975 to the present. The existence of three different moments of the celebration is verified, with a change of focus and significance, from a civic festival associated with a colonial type of sacralizing legitimation (1975-1977), passing through a period where the figure of the chacolí, mainly, through the exclusion of the chacoliceros, lost importance (1978-2016), and a third moment (2017-2019) in which the festival was reconfigured by external intervention and acquired festive dyes of a productive nature associated with the harvest around the figure recovered from the chacolí. The article asks the reason for the oscillation of the figuration of the chacolí in the party that bears his name. It is concluded that this had to do with the real character of the festival and the equivocation of the name: the festival was created to honor the communal anniversary, not the chacolí. To carry out the analysis, the press of the O’Higgins Region is used as a source, from 1975 to 2020, as well as reference photographic material of the celebrations held between 2017 and 2019.

Resumen El presente artículo examina el origen y desarrollo de la Fiesta del Chacolí de Doñihue, en la Región de O’Higgins, desde su primera versión en 1975 hasta la actualidad. Se constata la existencia de tres momentos diferentes de la celebración, con cambio de foco y significado, desde una fiesta cívica asociada a un tipo colonial de legitimación sacralizante (1975-1977), pasando por un periodo donde la figura del chacolí, principalmente, a través de la exclusión de los chacoliceros, perdió peso (1978-2016) y un tercer momento (2017-2019) en que la fiesta se reconfigura por intervención externa y adquiere tintes de fiesta de carácter productivo, asociado a la vendimia en torno a la figura recuperada del chacolí. El artículo se pregunta el porqué de la oscilación de la figuración del chacolí en la fiesta que lleva su nombre. Se concluye que ello estuvo relacionado con el carácter real de la fiesta y lo equívoco del nombre: la fiesta fue creada para hacer honor al aniversario comunal, no al chacolí. Para efectuar el análisis se utiliza como fuente la prensa de la Región de O’Higgins, desde 1975 hasta 2020, así como material fotográfico referencial de los festejos realizados entre 2017 y 2019.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effects of the physically effective fiber (peNDF) content on nutrient composition of the total mixed ration (TMR), orts and fecal parameters in 15 commercial beef feedlots. The particle size distribution of TMR was measured adopting Penn State Particle Size Separator (PSPS). Samples were evaluated for dry matter (DM), ash, ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and starch content. Fecal samples were also evaluated for pH and score. The feedlots were categorized into peNDF<20% and peNDF ≥ 20%. Data were analyzed by a model that included fixed effects of treatment and covariates (sex and genetic groups). Levels of DM, CP, EE and starch were lower in TMR with peNDF ≥ 20% (P<0.05). Fecal dry matter was higher and morning fecal pH was lower for TMR with peNDF<20% (P<0.05). Physically effective fiber changed nutrient levels in TMR, orts, fecal pH and DM. So, using PSPS and fecal parameters are practical and indirect tools for measuring fecal starch and assessing the effectiveness of the diet supplied to ruminants.

RESUMO: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o teor de fibra fisicamente efetiva (FDNfe) de dietas totais e seus efeitos nos nutrientes da dieta, das sobras e nos parâmetros fecais de bovinos de corte em 15 confinamentos comerciais. As amostras da dieta foram separadas utilizando a peneira Penn State Particle Size Separator (PSPS). As amostras foram analisadas quanto aos teores de matéria seca (MS), matéria mineral (MM), extrato etéreo (EE), proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e amido. Nas amostras de fezes também foram avaliadas o escore e pH fecal. Os confinamentos foram categorizados em dois tratamentos: FDNfe<20% e FDNfe≥20%. Os dados foram analisados por um modelo que incluiu os efeitos de grupo e covariável (sexo e grupo genético). Os teores de MS, PB, EE e amido foram menores nas dietas com FDNfe≥20%(P<0,05). A MS fecal foi maior e pH fecal matinal foi menor nas dietas com FDNfe<20% (P<0,05). Sendo assim a efetividade da fibra alterou os nutrientes da dieta total e sobras, bem como as variáveis pH e MS fecal. Com isso, o uso de PSPS e parâmetros fecais são ferramentas práticas e indiretas para medir o amido fecal e a efetividade da dieta em confinamentos de bovinos comerciais.

Overview and Aims: Intrauterine systems (IUS) are one of the most effective forms of long acting reversible birth control, with low failure rates and high continuity and satisfaction rates. Still, they account for a small proportion of contraception use, which may be due to several myths and misperceptions. With this study, we aimed to assess Portuguese experts’ perceptions on potential benefits and fears that may limit women’s contraception choice and to identify current trends in clinical practice. Methods and Population: We performed an observational, descriptive and analytical study in which gynecologists/obstetricians were invited to answer an anonymous questionnaire by call or email made of multiple-choice questions on IUS use. Results: A total of 482 Portuguese Gynecologists answered the survey, of which 97.1% revealed that the insertion of IUS is a common procedure in their current clinical practice. More than 95% considered the insertion of IUS an easy procedure and a safe contraceptive method. Cost-efficacy and the fact that this method doesn’t rely on women´s action to be effective were the top benefits for IUS users, perceived by the physicians. On the other hand, concern about having a foreign object inside the body and fear of insertion pain were perceived by the physicians as the top barriers to IUS use. Female gynecologists perceived a higher degree of pain associated with IUS insertion (p=0.021). Overall, gynecology experts’ opinions were conservative regarding IUS recommendations to women. Conclusions: The results of this study provide a general insight towards Portuguese gynecologists’ perceptions, opinions and attitudes on the use of IUS. Most of the experts consider IUS a safe contraception method but, on the other hand, there is still concern about its use in particular female conditions which may in part contribute to the low rate of IUS use in Portuguese women.

Abstract: The present study investigates the social importance of the apple tree in Chiloé, between the mid-19th century and the first quarter of the 20th. Precisely, analyses its role in the construction of assets registered in wills and inventories of assets of the National Archive of the Administration (ARNAD) and National Historical Archive (ANH). The family domestic utility of the tree and its fruits stands out. At the same time, three solutions raised by notaries in the property divisions are revealed. It is concluded that apple trees symbolized a good of high value for Chiloé society, a key element in the social cohesion of the archipelago.

Resumen: El presente estudio investiga la importancia social del manzano en Chiloé, entre mediados del siglo XIX y el primer cuarto del XX. Para ello, es analizado su papel en la construcción de patrimonios registrados en testamentos e inventarios de bienes del Archivo Nacional de la Administración (ARNAD) y Archivo Nacional Histórico (ANH). Destaca la utilidad doméstica familiar del árbol y sus frutos; al mismo tiempo, se revelan tres soluciones planteadas por los notarios en las divisiones de bienes. Se concluye que los manzanos simbolizaron un bien de alto valor para la sociedad chilota, elemento clave en la cohesión social del archipiélago.

Abstract: We explained the emergence of the typical product Wicker from Chimbarongo, its origin and development. For this, three key moments of its historical evolution are analyzed (1762, 1914 and 1975). Thanks to their adaptative capacity, they ensured the survival of a prehispanic tradition with 400 producers located in that city. For the analysis, unpublished archival documents (18th and 19th centuries), periodicals of the O’Higgins Region, together with the Bulletin of the National Society of Agriculture, the Bulletin of the Society of Industrial Development and Censuses of the Republic between 1813 and 1920 are used as sources, together with the illustrated weeklies Caras y Caretas of Buenos Aires (Argentina, between 1898 and 1941), Zigzag de Santiago (Santiago, Chile, 1905-1964) and Sucesos (Valparaíso, Chile, 1902-1934).

Resumen: Se explica el surgimiento del producto típico mimbre de Chimbarongo, su origen y desarrollo. Se analizan tres momentos claves de su devenir histórico (1762, 1914 y 1975). Gracias a su capacidad adaptativa, los mimbreros de Chimbarongo fueron capaces de mantener viva una tradición prehispánica, con más de 400 productores localizados en la ciudad. El análisis utiliza como fuentes documentos inéditos de archivo (siglos XVIII y XIX), hemerográficas de la región de O’Higgins, Boletín de la Sociedad Nacional de Agricultura, Boletín de la Sociedad de Fomento Fabril, Censos de la República entre 1813 y 1920, los semanarios ilustrados Caras y Caretas de Buenos Aires (Argentina, 1898-1941), Zig-Zag (Santiago, Chile, 1905-1964) y Sucesos (Valparaíso, Chile, 1902-1934).

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The worldwide distribution and etiology of fibromyalgia are poorly understood. It is believed that different factors are involved, such as hepatitis C virus infection. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of fibromyalgia in hepatitis C virus infected patients, trying to identify the occurrence of liver injury, extrahepatic clinical manifestations, anxiety, depression, and the impact on the quality of life. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of patients (n=118) with hepatitis C virus infection who were compared with a group of clinically stable patients not infected with the hepatitis C virus (n=118). The Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire was applied, and for those diagnosed with fibromyalgia, the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire. Liver biopsies were analyzed according to the METAVIR classification. The Schirmer test was performed to investigate abnormal tear production in the studied patients. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, v.10.0. RESULTS: The prevalence of fibromyalgia in infected patients was 7.6%. In patients infected with fibromyalgia, a significant prevalence of anxiety and depression was observed. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire scores were higher in infected patients with fibromyalgia. When comparing the complementary tests in infected patients with and without fibromyalgia, no significant differences were found for the Schirmer test, viral genotype, and degree of fibrosis and liver inflammation. CONCLUSION: In females, there was a positive relationship between hepatitis C virus infection, fibromyalgia, and extrahepatic symptoms, which translates into a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression and impaired quality of life.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A fibromialgia tem distribuição mundial e etiologia pouco comprendida. Acredita-se no envolvimento de diferentes fatores, como a infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de fibromialgia em pacientes infectados pelo vírus da hepatite C, procurando identificar a ocorrência de lesão hepática, manifestações clínicas extra-hepáticas, ansiedade, depressão e o impacto na qualidade de vida. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal com pacientes (n=118) portadores de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C que foram comparados a um grupo composto de pacientes clinicamente estáveis e não infectados pelo vírus da hepatite C (n=118). Foi aplicado o Questionário de Ansiedade e Depressão, e para os que obtivessem o diagnóstico de fibromialgia, o Questionário de Impacto da Fibromialgia. As biopsias hepáticas foram analisadas de acordo com a classificação METAVIR. Foi realizado o teste de Schirmer para a pesquisa de lacrimejamento anormal nos pacientes estudados. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v.10.0. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de fibromialgia em pacientes infectados foi de 7,6%. Nos pacientes infectados com fibromialgia observou-se prevalência significativa de ansiedade e depressão. A pontuação do Questionário de Impacto da Fibromialgia foi maior nos pacientes infectados e com fibromialgia. Quando se relacionou os exames complementares em infectados com e sem fibromialgia, não foram constatadas diferenças significativas para o teste de Schirmer, genótipo viral e grau de fibrose e inflamação hepática. CONCLUSÃO: Nos indivíduos do sexo feminino, observou-se uma relação positiva entre a infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C, fibromialgia e sintomas extra-hepáticos, que se traduz em maior prevalência de ansiedade e depressão e em comprometimento na qualidade de vida.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance, body morphometric measurements and testicular development in lambs fed with different rates of sunflower meal inclusion. The animals (24) were randomly distributed in treatments with 0, 10, 20 and 30% of sunflower meal in the dry matter of the diet, in six replicates, during 56 days of confinement. The addition of the coproduct at increasing dietary rates increased linearly the dry matter intake in the percentage of live weight and neutral detergent fiber. Despite this, there was a linear reduction in ether extract intake and chest width. On the other hand, there was no difference in daily, total and final weight gains. The body condition score; height of withers, croup and thorax; length of body and croup; width of fore croup, hind croup and chest; thoracic and neck diameters also did not change with the addition of the coproduct. The testicular measures 26.76; 6.11; 6.08; 5.22; 5.21; 4.80, and 4.81cm varied quadratically with the inclusion. Therefore, the inclusion of 30% of the coproduct changes nutrient intake and testicular biometry, but does not interfere in the body weight and development, being an economical alternative.

Abstract The growth of the urban population raises concern about municipal public managers in the sense of providing emergency medical services (EMS) that are aligned with the needs of prehospital emergency medical care demanded by the population. The literature review aims at presenting the response time of emergency medical services in several parts of the world and discussing some factors that interfere in the result of this indicator such as GDP (Gross Domestic Product) percentage spent on health and life expectancy of countries. The study will also show that in some of the consulted articles, authors suggest to EMS recommendations for decreasing the response time using simulations, heuristics and metaheuristics. Response time is a basic indicator of emergency medical services, in such a way that researchers use the descriptive statistics to evaluate this parameter. Europe and the USA outstand in the publication of studies that present this information. Some articles use stochastic and mathematical methods to suggest models that simulate scenarios of response time reduction and suggest such proposals to the local EMS. Countries in which the response time was identified have a high index of human development and life expectancy between 74.7 and 83.7 years.

Abstract: Introduction: The study of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) at the genetic level is extremely important to understand their origin. In Mexico, there are few works addressed from this perspective. Objective: We investigated the role of the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) gene variant rs6265 G/A for single nucleotide polymorphism analysis in Mexican children with ASD using a case-control association design. Method: We made a pilot study by case-control analysis adjusting by gender, age, and ancestry. Results: Our study found no association between the BDNF rs6265 gene polymorphism and ASD [p = .419, OR = 1.597 (.514, 4.967)] Discussion and conclusion: Worldwide, the results of case-control association studies with the rs6265 of BDNF are controversial and do not always replicate. This may be due to the ethnicity of our population and additional factors not studied in the present work. Our study suggests that the SNP rs6265 is not contributing for ASD susceptibility in Mexican population.

Resumen: Introducción: El estudio de los trastornos del espectro autista a nivel genético es de suma importancia para entender su origen. En México existen pocos trabajos abordados desde esta perspectiva. Objetivo: Investigamos el papel de la variante del gen rs6265 G/A del factor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro (BDNF) para el análisis del polimorfismo de un solo nucleótido en niños mexicanos con TEA por medio de un diseño de asociación de casos y controles. Método: Realizamos un estudio piloto mediante un análisis de casos y controles ajustando por género, edad y ancestría. Resultados: Nuestro estudio no encontró asociación entre el polimorfismo del gen BDNF rs6265 y TEA [p = .419, OR = 1.597 (.514, 4.967)]. Discusión y conclusión: A nivel mundial, los resultados de estudios de asociación caso-control con el rs6265 de BDNF son controvertidos y no siempre se replican. Esto puede deberse a la etnicidad de nuestra población y a otros factores no estudiados en el presente trabajo. El estudio sugiere que el SNP rs6265 no contribuye a la susceptibilidad al TEA en población mexicana.

This article examines the historical itinerary of Chiloe ham, a typical product that was produced in the southern border of the Spanish Empire, and became famous in the court of the Viceroy of Peru. How to raise and feed the pigs and cured ham with smoked technique is studied. The socioeconomic profile of producers and the characteristics of the markets of Chile and Peru is also identified.

Este artículo examina el itinerario histórico del jamón de Chiloé, producto típico que se elaboraba en la frontera sur del imperio español, y que alcanzó fama en la corte del virrey del Perú. Se estudia la forma de criar y alimentar a los cerdos y de curar el jamón con la técnica del ahumado. También se identifica el perfil socioeconómico de los productores y las características de los mercados de Chile y Perú.

The article examines the history ofpajarete, a selected wine from the deserts of northern Chile, since records began (1790) up to its recognition as an Appellation of Origin wine and subsequent projection. The paper is based on documents such as customs books, printing press, farmers' stories and trademark registrations. We show that the pajarete wine has existed for 225 years in Chile; it has remained as a chosen wine, which has been developed, marketed and consumed in small amounts.

El artículo examina la historia del pajarete, vino escogido de los desiertos del norte de Chile, desde los primeros registros (1790) hasta su reconocimiento como Denominación de Origen y su proyección posterior. El trabajo se fundamenta en documentos como libros de Aduana, la prensa gráfica, los relatos campesinos y los registros de marcas del Instituto Nacional de Propiedad Industrial (INAPI). Se demuestra que el pajarete ha existido durante 225 años en Chile; se ha mantenido como un vino escogido, elaborado, comercializado y consumido en pequeñas cantidades.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe characteristics of work-related mental disorder (WRMD) cases in the State of Bahia, Brazil, 2007-2012. METHODS: this was a descriptive study using Bahia Surveillance and Health Protection Superintendents Office data kept on the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan). RESULTS: 211 cases of WRMD were reported, 97.0% in the Worker's Health Reference Centers (CEREST), with more reported cases in 2011 (n=63; 29.9%); slightly more than half the cases were found among men (n=108; 51.2%), the majority aged 18-49 (n=167; 79.1%), in formal jobs (n=179; 84.8%) and among service workers and sales persons (n=48; 22.7%); the most reported disorder was post-traumatic stress (n=51; 24.2%). CONCLUSION: almost all cases were reported in CEREST; despite underreporting, the characterization of cases is relevant for informing the construction of a network of mental health care in Occupational Health.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever características dos casos de transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho (TMRT) notificados no estado da Bahia, Brasil, no período 2007-2012. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) da Superintendência de Vigilância e Proteção da Saúde/Bahia. RESULTADOS: foram notificados 211 casos de TMRT, 97,0% nos Centros de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (CEREST), com mais registros em 2011 (n=63; 29,9%); pouco mais da metade eram homens (n=108; 51,2%), a maioria na faixa etária de 18-49 anos (n=167; 79,1%), em trabalho formal (n=179; 84,8%) e entre trabalhadores de serviços e vendedores do comércio (n=48; 22,7%); o transtorno mais notificado foi o estado de estresse pós-traumático (n=51; 24,2%). CONCLUSÃO: quase todos os casos foram notificados nos CEREST; não obstante a subnotificação, a caracterização dos casos é relevante para subsidiar a construção de uma rede de atenção à saúde mental na Saúde do Trabalhador.

Resumen OBJETIVO: describir las características de los casos de trastornos mentales relacionados con el trabajo (TMRT) notificados en el estado de Bahía, Brasil, 2007-2012. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo con datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación (Sinan) de la Superintendencia de Vigilancia y Protección de Salud/Bahia. RESULTADOS: notificaron 211 casos de TMRT, 97,0% en Centros de Referencia de Salud de los Trabajadores (CEREST), con mayor ocurrencia en 2011 (n=63; 29,9%); el porcentaje de casos fue ligeramente mayor en hombres (n=108; 51,2%), con edades entre 18 a 49 años (n=167; 79,1%), trabajo formal (n=179; 84,8%) y entre trabajadores de servicios y vendedores de comercio (n=48; 22,7%); el trastorno más notificado fue el estado de estrés pos traumático (n=51; 24,2%). CONCLUSIÓN: prácticamente se notificaron todos los casos en los CEREST; a pesar de la sub-notificación, la caracterización de los casos es relevante para subvencionar la construcción de una red de atención en salud mental e salud Laboral.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever características dos casos de transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho (TMRT) notificados no estado da Bahia, Brasil, no período 2007-2012. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) da Superintendência de Vigilância e Proteção da Saúde/Bahia. RESULTADOS: foram notificados 211 casos de TMRT, 97,0% nos Centros de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (CEREST), com mais registros em 2011 (n=63; 29,9%); pouco mais da metade eram homens (n=108; 51,2%), a maioria na faixa etária de 18-49 anos (n=167; 79,1%), em trabalho formal (n=179; 84,8%) e entre trabalhadores de serviços e vendedores do comércio (n=48; 22,7%); o transtorno mais notificado foi o estado de estresse pós-traumático (n=51; 24,2%). CONCLUSÃO: quase todos os casos foram notificados nos CEREST; não obstante a subnotificação, a caracterização dos casos é relevante para subsidiar a construção de uma rede de atenção à saúde mental na Saúde do Trabalhador.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe characteristics of work-related mental disorder (WRMD) cases in the State of Bahia, Brazil, 2007-2012. METHODS: this was a descriptive study using Bahia Surveillance and Health Protection Superintendents Office data kept on the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan). RESULTS: 211 cases of WRMD were reported, 97.0% in the Worker's Health Reference Centers (CEREST), with more reported cases in 2011 (n=63; 29.9%); slightly more than half the cases were found among men (n=108; 51.2%), the majority aged 18-49 (n=167; 79.1%), in formal jobs (n=179; 84.8%) and among service workers and sales persons (n=48; 22.7%); the most reported disorder was post-traumatic stress (n=51; 24.2%). CONCLUSION: almost all cases were reported in CEREST; despite underreporting, the characterization of cases is relevant for informing the construction of a network of mental health care in Occupational Health.

Resumen OBJETIVO: describir las características de los casos de trastornos mentales relacionados con el trabajo (TMRT) notificados en el estado de Bahía, Brasil, 2007-2012. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo con datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación (Sinan) de la Superintendencia de Vigilancia y Protección de Salud/Bahia. RESULTADOS: notificaron 211 casos de TMRT, 97,0% en Centros de Referencia de Salud de los Trabajadores (CEREST), con mayor ocurrencia en 2011 (n=63; 29,9%); el porcentaje de casos fue ligeramente mayor en hombres (n=108; 51,2%), con edades entre 18 a 49 años (n=167; 79,1%), trabajo formal (n=179; 84,8%) y entre trabajadores de servicios y vendedores de comercio (n=48; 22,7%); el trastorno más notificado fue el estado de estrés pos traumático (n=51; 24,2%). CONCLUSIÓN: prácticamente se notificaron todos los casos en los CEREST; a pesar de la sub-notificación, la caracterización de los casos es relevante para subvencionar la construcción de una red de atención en salud mental e salud Laboral.

La obesidad se asocia con un estado de inflamación crónica de bajo grado. Generalmente, hay correlaciones significativas entre el índice de masa corporal y el incremento en los niveles de la proteína C reactiva (CRP). Se investigó la relación de los niveles de CRP de alta sensibilidad (hsCRP) con la distribución de la adiposidad corporal y la cuenta de las células sanguíneas en niños obesos. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 225 niños mexicanos. En el estudio se incluyeron 106 niños obesos y 119 con peso normal, edad de 6-13 años. La composición corporal fue evaluada por IMC, circunferencias corporales y grosor de pliegues cutáneos. Los niveles de la hsCRP de alta sensibilidad y los parámetros hematológicos fueron analizados en todos los niños. Los niveles de la hsCRP presentaron un incremento en los niños obesos con respecto al grupo control (1,5 y 0,41 mg/L respectivamente, P<0,001). Es interesante que los niveles de hsCRP>3 mg/L se asociaron con mayor circunferencia de cintura, cadera y brazo (ORs= 9,08, 6,78 y 8,73, respectivamente, P<0,001) y mayor grosor de los pliegues como tríceps, subescapular y suprailiaco (ORs= 4,73, 6,39 y 5,26, respectivamente, P=0,001), así como con el aumento en la cuenta de leucocitos y plaquetas. Los datos sugieren que los niveles de la hsCRP se asocian con el grosor de los pliegues cutáneos y las circunferencias corporales y fue encontrada una relación moderada con las cuentas de leucocitos y plaquetas en los niños estudiados.

Obesity is associated with a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Generally, there are significant correlations between body mass index and increased C-reactive protein levels. We investigated the relationship of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels with body adiposity distribution and blood cell count in obese children. A cross-sectional study was performed in 225 Mexican children. In the study were included 106 obese and 119 normal-weight children, aged 6-13 years old. The body composition was evaluated by BMI, body circumferences and skinfold thickness. hsCRP levels and hematological parameters were analyzed in all children. The hsCRP levels were higher in obese children than in the control group (1.5 and 0.41 mg/L respectively, P<0.001). Interestingly, hsCRP levels >3 mg/L were associated with the increase of circumferences of the waist, hip and arms (ORs= 9.08, 6.78 and 8.73, respectively, P<0.001), and a higher thickness of triceps, subscapular and suprailiac skinfolds (ORs= 4.73, 6.39 and 5.26, respectively, P=0.001), as well as a higher leukocyte and platelet counts. The data suggest that hsCRP levels are associated with skinfold thickness and body circumferences, and a moderate relationship was found with leukocyte and platelet counts in the studied children.

"asoleado" (sunny) of Cauquenes and Concepcion represents a case of particular interest among the typical wines of Latinamerica. In the nineteenth century it was the best wine in Chile according to market preferences. In thefollowing century, was recognized by the State in 1953 as the first wine with Appellation of Origin in the country, next to pajarete and sweet wine Elqui. With this background, sunny had high development prospects in domestic and international markets. However, these expectations were frustrated and product, at present, has no relevance in the Chilean wine industry. This article examines the boom cycle of the product through the press of the time (1850-1880), and provides some reasons for his subsequent decline.

El asoleado de Cauquenes y Concepción representa un caso de singular interés entre los vinos típicos de América Latina. En el siglo XIX era el mejor vino de Chile según las preferencias de los mercados. En la centuria posterior fue reconocido por el Estado en 1953 como el primer vino con Denominación de Origen del país, junto al pajarete y el vino licoroso del Elqui. Con estos antecedentes, el asoleado presentaba grandes perspectivas de desarrollo en los mercados nacionales e internacionales. Sin embargo, estas expectativas se vieron frustradas y el producto, en la actualidad, es irrelevante en la industria vitivinícola de Chile. El artículo examina el ciclo de auge del producto por medio de la prensa de la época (1850-1880), y aporta algunas explicaciones de su posterior declinación.