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Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar a associação de fatores sociodemográficos e estilo de vida com consumo de alimentos in natura ou minimamente processados (INMP), ultraprocessados (AUP) e frutas e hortaliças. Trata-se de estudo transversal com 403 crianças de 4 a 7 anos de uma coorte retrospectiva. Variáveis sociodemográficas e estilo de vida foram investigadas através do questionário sociodemográfico. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por três registros alimentares. Empregaram-se análises de regressão linear bivariadas e multivariadas para analisar as associações. Crianças com menor renda apresentaram maior consumo de alimentos INMP e menor consumo de AUP. Menor tempo de permanência na escola associou-se ao menor consumo de alimentos INMP e maior consumo de AUP. Crianças com maior tempo de tela e com pais de menor escolaridade, consumiram menos frutas e hortaliças. Fatores sociodemográficos desfavoráveis se associaram ao melhor perfil de consumo de alimentos segundo o nível de processamento, exceto para frutas e hortaliças. O maior tempo de permanência na escola e menor tempo de tela contribuíram para uma alimentação mais saudável.

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the association of sociodemographic factors and lifestyle with the consumption of in natura or minimally processed (INMP) foods, ultra-processed foods (UPFs), and fruits and vegetables. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 403 children, aged 4 to 7 years, from a retrospective cohort. Sociodemographic and lifestyle variables were investigated using a sociodemographic questionnaire. Food consumption was assessed by three food records. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to analyze associations. Children with lower income had a higher consumption of INMP foods and a lower consumption of UPFs. A shorter time spent at school was associated with a lower consumption of INMP foods and a higher consumption of UPFs. Children with more screen time and less educated parents consumed less fruits and vegetables. Unfavorable sociodemographic factors were associated with a better profile of food consumption according to the level of processing, except for fruits and vegetables. The longer time spent at school and a shorter screen time contributed to a healthier diet.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023281.05772022

Situação socioeconômica, tempo de tela e de permanência na escola e o consumo alimentar de crianças
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Viola, Poliana Cristina de Almeida Fonseca

; Ribeiro, Sarah Aparecida Vieira

; Carvalho, Roberta Rejane Santos de

; Andreoli, Cristiana Santos

; Novaes, Juliana Farias de

; Priore, Silvia Eloiza

; Carvalho, Carolina Abreu de

; Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo Castro

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2023, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 257 - 267

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023281.05772022

Lesão Miocárdica e Prognóstico em Pacientes Hospitalizados com COVID-19 no Brasil: Resultados do Registro Nacional de COVID-19
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Barbosa, Hannah Cardoso

; Martins, Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras

; Jesus, Jordana Cristina de

; Meira, Karina Cardoso

; Passaglia, Luiz Guilherme

; Sacioto, Manuela Furtado

; Bezerra, Adriana Falangola Benjamin

; Schwarzbold, Alexandre Vargas

; Maurílio, Amanda de Oliveira

; Farace, Barbara Lopes

; Silva, Carla Thais Cândida Alves da

; Cimini, Christiane Corrêa Rodrigues

; Silveira, Daniel Vitorio

; Carazai, Daniela do Reis

; Ponce, Daniela

; Costa, Emanuel Victor Alves

; Manenti, Euler Roberto Fernandes

; Cenci, Evelin Paola de Almeida

; Bartolazzi, Frederico

; Madeira, Glícia Cristina de Castro

; Nascimento, Guilherme Fagundes

; Velloso, Isabela Vasconcellos Pires

; Batista, Joanna d’Arc Lyra

; Morais, Júlia Drumond Parreiras de

; Carvalho, Juliana da Silva Nogueira

; Ruschel, Karen Brasil

; Martins, Karina Paula Medeiros Prado

; Zandoná, Liege Barella

; Menezes, Luanna Silva Monteiro

; Kopittke, Luciane

; Castro, Luís César de

; Nasi, Luiz Antônio

; Floriani, Maiara Anschau

; Souza, Maíra Dias

; Carneiro, Marcelo

; Bicalho, Maria Aparecida Camargos

; Lima, Maria Clara Pontello Barbosa

; Godoy, Mariana Frizzo de

; Guimarães-Júnior, Milton Henriques

; Mendes, Paulo Mascarenhas

; Delfino-Pereira, Polianna

; Ribeiro, Raquel Jaqueline Eder

; Finger, Renan Goulart

; Menezes, Rochele Mosmann

; Francisco, Saionara Cristina

; Araújo, Silvia Ferreira

; Oliveira, Talita Fischer

; Oliveira, Thainara Conceição de

; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne

; Marcolino, Milena Soriano

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2023, Volume 120 N. 2 elocation e20220151

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 are important aspects of the disease’s pathogenesis and prognosis. Evidence on the prognostic role of troponin and myocardial injury in Latin American hospitalized COVID-19 patients is still scarce. Objectives To evaluate myocardial injury as independent predictor of in-hospital mortality and invasive mechanical ventilation support in hospitalized patients, from the Brazilian COVID-19 Registry. Methods This cohort study is a substudy of the Brazilian COVID-19 Registry, conducted in 31 Brazilian hospitals of 17 cities, March-September 2020. Primary outcomes included in-hospital mortality and invasive mechanical ventilation support. Models for the primary outcomes were estimated by Poisson regression with robust variance, with statistical significance of p<0.05. Results Of 2,925 patients (median age of 60 years [48-71], 57.1% men), 27.3% presented myocardial injury. The proportion of patients with comorbidities was higher among patients with cardiac injury (median 2 [1-2] vs. 1 [0-2]). Patients with myocardial injury had higher median levels of brain natriuretic peptide, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and C-reactive protein than patients without myocardial injury. As independent predictors, C-reactive protein and platelet counts were related to the risk of death, and neutrophils and platelet counts were related to the risk of invasive mechanical ventilation support. Patients with high troponin levels presented a higher risk of death (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.60-2.58) and invasive mechanical ventilation support (RR 1.87, 95% CI 1.57-2.23), when compared to those with normal troponin levels. Conclusion Cardiac injury was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation support in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Resumo Fundamento As complicações cardiovasculares da COVID-19 são aspectos importantes da patogênese e do prognóstico da doença. Evidências do papel prognóstico da troponina e da lesão miocárdica em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 na América Latina são ainda escassos. Objetivos Avaliar a lesão miocárdica como preditor independente de mortalidade hospitalar e suporte ventilatório mecânico em pacientes hospitalizados, do registro brasileiro de COVID-19. Métodos Este estudo coorte é um subestudo do registro brasileiro de COVID-19, conduzido em 31 hospitais brasileiros de 17 cidades, de março a setembro de 2020. Os desfechos primários incluíram mortalidade hospitalar e suporte ventilatório mecânico invasivo. Os modelos para os desfechos primários foram estimados por regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, com significância estatística de p<0,05. Resultados Dos 2925 pacientes [idade mediana de 60 anos (48-71), 57,1%], 27,3% apresentaram lesão miocárdica. A proporção de pacientes com comorbidades foi maior nos pacientes com lesão miocárdica [mediana 2 (1-2) vs. 1 (0-20)]. Os pacientes com lesão miocárdica apresentaram maiores valores medianos de peptídeo natriurético cerebral, lactato desidrogenase, creatina fosfoquinase, N-terminal do pró-peptídeo natriurético tipo B e proteína C reativa em comparação a pacientes sem lesão miocárdica. Como fatores independentes, proteína C reativa e contagem de plaquetas foram relacionados com o risco de morte, e neutrófilos e contagem de plaquetas foram relacionados ao risco de suporte ventilatório mecânico invasivo. Os pacientes com níveis elevados de troponina apresentaram um maior risco de morte (RR 2,03, IC95% 1,60-2,58) e suporte ventilatório mecânico (RR 1,87;IC95% 1,57-2,23), em comparação àqueles com níveis de troponina normais. Conclusão Lesão cardíaca foi um preditor independente de mortalidade hospitalar e necessidade de suporte ventilatório mecânico em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220151

COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV: Peering through the waves
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Sales, Thaís Lorenna Souza

; Souza-Silva, Maíra Viana Rego

; Delfino-Pereira, Polianna

; Neves, João Victor Baroni

; Sacioto, Manuela Furtado

; Assis, Vivian Costa Morais de

; Duani, Helena

; Oliveira, Neimy Ramos de

; Sampaio, Natália da Cunha Severino

; Ramos, Lucas Emanuel Ferreira

; Schwarzbold, Alexandre Vargas

; Jorge, Alzira de Oliveira

; Scotton, Ana Luiza Bahia Alves

; Castro, Bruno Mateus de

; Silva, Carla Thais Cândida Alves da

; Ramos, Carolina Marques

; Anschau, Fernando

; Botoni, Fernando Antonio

; Grizende, Genna Maira Santos

; Nascimento, Guilherme Fagundes

; Ruschel, Karen Brasil

; Menezes, Luanna Silva Monteiro

; Castro, Luís César de

; Nasi, Luiz Antônio

; Carneiro, Marcelo

; Godoy, Mariana Frizzo de

; Nogueira, Matheus Carvalho Alves

; Guimarães Júnior, Milton Henriques

; Ziegelmann, Patricia Klarmann

; Almeida, Rafaela Charão de

; Francisco, Saionara Cristina

; Silveira Neto, Sidney Teodoro

; Araújo, Silvia Ferreira

; Avelino-Silva, Thiago Junqueira

; Aliberti, Márlon Juliano Romero

; Pires, Magda Carvalho

; Silva, Eduardo Sérgio da

; Marcolino, Milena Soriano

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100223

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection. Methods This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Patients with HIV and controls were matched for age, sex, number of comorbidities, and hospital of origin using the technique of propensity score matching (up to 4:1). They were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon for numerical variables. Results Throughout the study, 17,101 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized, and 130 (0.76%) of those were infected with HIV. The median age was 54 (IQR: 43.0;64.0) years in 2020 and 53 (IQR: 46.0;63.5) years in 2021, with a predominance of females in both periods. People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and their controls showed similar prevalence for admission to the ICU and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in the two periods, with no significant differences. In 2020, in-hospital mortality was higher in the PLHIV compared to the controls (27.9% vs. 17.7%; p = 0.049), but there was no difference in mortality between groups in 2021 (25.0% vs. 25.1%; p > 0.999). Conclusions Our results reiterate that PLHIV were at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality in the early stages of the pandemic, however, this finding did not sustain in 2021, when the mortality rate is similar to the control group.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100223

Cryptosporidium diagnosis in different groups of children and characterization of parasite species
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Pacheco, Flávia Thamiris Figueiredo

; Freitas, Humberto Fonseca de

; Silva, Renata Kelly Novais Rodrigues

; Carvalho, Silvia Souza de

; Martins, Adson Santos

; Menezes, Joelma Figueiredo

; Ribeiro, Tereza Cristina Medrado

; Mattos, Ângela Peixoto de

; Costa-Ribeiro Júnior, Hugo da

; Pedreira, Joice Neves Reis

; Soares, Neci Matos

; Teixeira, Márcia Cristina Aquino

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0041-2022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are routinely used for Cryptosporidium diagnosis, without differentiating the parasite species. Methods: Children’s feces were analyzed by modiﬁed Ziehl-Neelsen (mZN) and ELISA for Cryptosporidium diagnosis and by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for species identification. Results: Cryptosporidium frequency was 2.6%. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were 85.7% and 99.7%, respectively, with excellent concordance with mZN (kappa=0.854). Parasite species were characterized as Cryptosporidium hominis (78.3%), Cryptosporidium felis (17.4%), and Cryptosporidium parvum (4.3%). Conclusions: Coproantigen ELISA is as efficient as mZN for Cryptosporidium diagnosis. Cryptosporidium genotyping suggests anthroponotic and zoonotic transmission to children.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0041-2022

Active teaching methodologies in health education
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SANGLARD, Luciana Faria

; OLIVEIRA, Luciana Butini

; BRITO JUNIOR, Rui Barbosa de

; CALASANS, Marcela Cristina Manfré de

; SIMÕES, Lorenna Fernandes Das Chagas Carvalho

; ISSA, Yara Silvia Marques de Melo

; FRATESCHI, Rosangela Dantas

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia

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2022, Volume 70 elocation e20220050

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo trata de uma revisão de literatura sobre as contribuições das metodologias ativas no Ensino Superior na área da saúde. A partir da literatura revisada (textos, artigos e livros), foi redigido um ensaio acadêmico, abordando ideias, reflexões, citações da literatura e impressões pessoais dos autores sobre o tema. Após análise da literatura, percebeu-se que as metodologias ativas apesar de estarem envolvidas no processo ensino-aprendizagem há vários anos, ainda demandam que professores e estudantes apropriem--se amplamente dos seus benefícios. A implementação desta mudança auxiliará no enfrentamento dos fatores que tem interferido negativamente na educação superior em saúde. É um desafio que precisa ser abraçado por professores e estudantes. As metodologias de ensino ativas podem ser incluídas em todos os modelos e métodos de ensino e visam favorecer o aprendizado e ampliar as possibilidades dos estudantes no desenvolvimento de suas competências.

ABSTRACT This study is a literature review on the contributions of active methodologies in Higher Education in the health area. From the reviewed literature (texts, articles and books), an academic essay was written, addressing ideas, reflections, literature citations and authors’ personal impressions on the theme. After analyzing the literature, it was realized that active methodologies despite being involved in the teaching-learning process for several years, still require that teachers and students widely appropriate their benefits. The implementation of this change will help in coping with the factors that have negatively interfered in higher health education. It is a challenge that needs to be embraced by teachers and students. Conclusions: Active teaching methodologies can be included in all teaching models and methods and aim to promote learning and expand the possibilities for students to develop their competencies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372022005020220037

Positividade de culturas por modalidades de banho no leito hospitalar: estudo ecológico
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Paulela, Débora Cristina

; Mondelli, Alessandro Lia

; Bocchi, Silvia Cristina Mangini

; Nunes, Hélio Rubens de Carvalho

Acta Paulista de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 35 elocation eAPE0167

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Objetivo Verificar positividade de culturas microbiológicas de pacientes hospitalizados, com prescrição de enfermagem para banho no leito, em três períodos disjuntos e sequenciais das modalidades de banho no leito: convencional (BLC), descartável (BLD) e descartável acrescido de clorexidina degermante à 2% (BLD-CX). Métodos Estudo ecológico, tipo séries temporais de 48 meses, em três períodos (P1=BLC; P2=BLD; P3=BLD-CX), com dados secundários de prontuário eletrônico, de pacientes que estiveram internados em hospital do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Resultados Nos períodos de banhos descartáveis, o percentual de positividade foi, em média, 14,6% menor quando comparado aos meses cujo banho de leito foi convencional. No período de BLD-CX o percentual de positividade foi, em média, 19,3% menor quando comparado aos meses do período de BLC. Contudo, não há evidências de diferença no percentual de positividade entre o BLD (b = -14,6%; IC95% = (-18,9% a -10,3%) e o BLD-CX (b = - 19,3%; IC95% = (-24,4% a -14,22%). A cada ano a mais na idade média do paciente, o percentual de positividade aumenta, em média 0,3% (p=0,060). Não houve associação sazonal para positividades das culturas microbiológicas nas modalidades de banho. Conclusão A positividade de culturas microbiológicas, em pacientes com prescrição de enfermagem para banho no leito, é menor quando se utiliza as modalidades descartáveis. Recomenda-se adotar rotineiramente o BLD, deixando a prescrição de BLD-CX, somente para degermação da pele para procedimentos invasivos, operatórios e higienização das mãos de profissionais de saúde.

Abstract Objective To verify microbiological culture positivity of hospitalized patients, with a nursing prescription for bed bath, in three disjoint and sequential periods of bed bath modalities: conventional (CBB), disposable (DBB) and disposable plus 2% chlorhexidine degerming (DBB-CX). Methods This is an ecological, time series study of 48 months, in three periods (P1=CBB; P2=DBB; P3=DBB-CX), with secondary data from electronic medical records of patients who were admitted to a hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Results In the periods of disposable baths, the percentage of culture positivity was, on average, 14.6% lower when compared to the months in which bed bath was conventional. In the DBB-CX period, the percentage of culture positivity was, on average, 19.3% lower when compared to the CBB period months. However, there is no evidence of difference in the percentage of culture positivity between DBB (b = -14.6%; 95%CI = (-18.9% to -10.3%) and DBB-CX (b = - 19.3%;95%CI = (-24.4% to -14.22%) For each year more in patients’ mean age, the percentage of culture positivity increases by an average of 0.3% (p=0.060). There was no seasonal association for microbiological culture positivity in bath modalities. Conclusion Microbiological culture positivity in patients with a nursing prescription for bed bath is lower when disposable modalities are used. It is recommended to routinely adopt DBB, leaving the prescription of DBB-CX only for skin degermation for invasive and operative procedures and hand hygiene of health professionals.

Resumen Objetivo Verificar los resultados positivos de culturas microbiológicas de pacientes hospitalizados, con prescripción de enfermería de baño en cama, en tres períodos disjuntos y secuenciales de las modalidades de baño en cama: convencional (BCC), descartable (BCD) y descartable con clorhexidina al 2 % (BCD-CX). Métodos Estudio ecológico, tipo series temporales de 48 meses, en tres períodos (P1=BCC; P2=BCD; P3=BCD-CX), con datos secundarios de historia clínica electrónica, de pacientes que estuvieron internados en hospital del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Resultados En los períodos de baños descartables, el porcentaje de resultados positivos presentó un promedio 14,6 % inferior en comparación con los meses en que el baño en cama fue convencional. Durante el período de BCD-CX el porcentaje de resultados positivos fue, en promedio, 19,3 % inferior en comparación con los meses del período de BCC. Sin embargo, no hay evidencias de diferencias en el porcentaje de resultados positivos entre el BCD (b = -14,6 %; IC95 % = (-18,9 % a -10,3 %) y el BLD-CX (b = - 19,3 %; IC95 % = (-24,4 % a -14,22 %). Por cada año que se suma a la edad promedio del paciente, el porcentaje de resultados positivos aumenta en promedio 0,3 % (p=0,060). No se verificó una asociación estacional en las respuestas positivas de las culturas microbiológicas en las modalidades de baños. Conclusión Los resultados positivos de culturas microbiológicas de pacientes con prescripción de enfermería de baño en cama son menores cuando se utilizan las modalidades descartables. Se recomienda adoptar de forma rutinaria el BCD y dejar la prescripción de BCD-CX solo para la eliminación de los gérmenes de la piel en procedimientos invasivos, quirúrgicos e higienización de manos de los profesionales de salud.

https://doi.org/10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao00167

Panorama da acreditação (inter)nacional no Brasil
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Treib, Júlia Nogueira

; Magalhães, Ana Maria Müller de

; Carvalho, Silvia Cristina Garcia

; Seeger, Victória Gabech

; Barbosa, Amanda da Silveira

; Oliveira, João Lucas Campos de

Escola Anna Nery

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2022, Volume 26 elocation e20220024

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo delinear o panorama da Acreditação nacional e internacional no Brasil. Método estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa e fonte documental. Os campos de inquérito foram as páginas online de acesso irrestrito das seguintes metodologias acreditadoras: Organização Nacional de Acreditação (ONA), Joint Commission International (JCI), Accreditation Canada International (ACI) e QMentum Internacional, além da página do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) e/ou sites institucionais. Foram extraídas as variáveis: tipo de instituição/estabelecimento de saúde; regime de gestão setorial; localidade; nível de certificação (em caso de selo concedido pela ONA) e porte (para hospitais). Empregou-se análise estatística descritiva. Resultados apuraram-se os dados de 1.122 certificações, especialmente da ONA (77,2%) e QMentum International (13,2%). Os hospitais prevaleceram na adesão à Acreditação (35,3%), principalmente os de grande porte (60,3%) e do setor privado (75,8%). Houve concentração dos selos de qualidade na região Sudeste do Brasil (64,5%), e a região Norte apresentou menor proporção de estabelecimentos certificados (3%). Conclusões e implicações para a prática as certificações de Acreditação no Brasil remetem à metodologia nacional, com enfoque na área hospitalar privada e na região Sudeste do país. O mapeamento delineado pode sustentar assertividade em políticas de incentivo à gestão da qualidade e avaliação externa no Brasil.

ABSTRACT Objective to outline the panorama of national and international Accreditation in Brazil. Method a descriptive study, of quantitative approach and documental source. The survey fields were the unrestricted access online pages of the following accrediting methodologies: National Accreditation Organization (ONA), Joint Commission International (JCI), Accreditation Canada International (ACI), and QMentum International, besides the page of the National Registry of Health Establishments (CNES) and/or institutional sites. Variables were extracted: type of institution/health care facility; sector management regime; location; level of certification (in case of a seal granted by ONA), and size (for hospitals). Descriptive statistical analysis was used. Results data from 1,122 certifications was obtained, especially from ONA (77.2%) and QMentum International (13.2%). Hospitals prevailed in the Accreditation adherence (35.3%), mainly the large ones (60.3%) and from the private sector (75.8%). There was a concentration of quality seals in the Southeast region of Brazil (64.5%), and the North region presented the lowest proportion of certified establishments (3%). Conclusions and implications for practice the Accreditation certifications in Brazil refer to the national methodology, focusing on the private hospital area and the Southeast region of the country. The mapping outlined can support assertiveness in incentive policies for quality management and external evaluation in Brazil.

RESUMEN Objetivo delinear el panorama de la Acreditación nacional e internacional en Brasil. Método estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo y fuente documental. Los campos de consulta fueron las páginas en línea de libre acceso de las siguientes metodologías de acreditación: Organización Nacional de Acreditación (ONA), Joint Commission International (JCI), Accreditation Canada International (ACI) y QMentum Internacional, además del Registro Nacional de Establecimientos Salud (CNES) y/o sitios web institucionales. Se extrajeron las variables: tipo de institución/establecimiento de salud; régimen de gestión sectorial; localidad; nivel de certificación (en caso de sello otorgado por la ONA) y tamaño (para hospitales). Se utilizó análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados se recogieron datos de 1.122 certificaciones, especialmente de ONA (77,2%) y QMentum International (13,2%). Los hospitales prevalecieron en la adhesión a la Acreditación (35,3%), en especial los hospitales grandes (60,3%) y el sector privado (75,8%). Hubo concentración de sellos de calidad en la región Sudeste de Brasil (64,5%), y la región Norte tuvo la menor proporción de establecimientos certificados (3%). Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica las certificaciones de acreditación en Brasil se refieren a la metodología nacional, con foco en el área hospitalaria privada y la región Sudeste del país. El mapeo esbozado puede apoyar la asertividad en las políticas de fomento de la gestión de la calidad y la evaluación externa en Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2022-0024pt

Are mobile phones part of the chain of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in hospital settings?
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Espinoza, Evelyn Patricia Sánchez

; Cortes, Marina Farrel

; Noguera, Saidy Vasconez

; Paula, Anderson Vicente de

; Guimarães, Thais

; Boas, Lucy Santos Villas

; Park, Marcelo

; Silva, Cristina Carvalho da

; Morales, Ingra

; Perdigão Neto, Lauro Vieira

; Tozetto-Mendoza, Tania Regina

; Boszczowski, Icaro

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Mendes-Correa, Maria Cássia

; Levin, Anna Sara

; Costa, Silvia Figueiredo

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e74

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Mobile phones (MPs) have become an important work tool around the world including in hospitals. We evaluated whether SARS-CoV-2 can remain on the surface of MPs of first-line healthcare workers (HCW) and also the knowledge of HCWs about SARS-CoV-2 cross-transmission and conceptions on the virus survival on the MPs of HCWs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit of a teaching hospital. An educational campaign was carried out on cross-transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and its permanence in fomites, in addition to the proper use and disinfection of MPs. Herewith an electronic questionnaire was applied including queried conceptions about hand hygiene and care with MP before and after the pandemic. The MPs were swabbed with a nylon FLOQ Swab™, in an attempt to increase the recovery of SARS-CoV-2. All MP swab samples were subjected to SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR; RT-PCR positive samples were subjected to viral culture in Vero cells (ATCC® CCL-81™). Fifty-one MPs were swabbed and a questionnaire on hand hygiene and the use and disinfection of MP was applied after an educational campaign. Most HCWs increased adherence to hand hygiene and MP disinfection during the pandemic. Fifty-one MP swabs were collected and two were positive by RT-PCR (4%), with Cycle threshold (Ct ) values of 34-36, however, the cultures of these samples were negative. Although most HCWs believed in the importance of cross-transmission and increased adherence to hand hygiene and disinfection of MP during the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in MPs. Our results suggest the need for a universal policy in infection control guidelines on how to care for electronic devices in hospital settings.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163074 177 downloads

10.

Primary health care nurses: attitudes towards the person with mental disorder
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Nóbrega, Maria do Perpétuo Socorro de Sousa

; Fernandes, Carla Sílvia Neves da Nova

; Zerbetto, Sonia Regina

; Sampaio, Francisco Miguel Correia

; Carvalho, José Carlos

; Chaves, Suellen Cristina da Silva

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2021, Volume 42 elocation e20200088

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar as atitudes dos enfermeiros que atuam na Atenção Primária à Saúde frente à pessoa com transtorno mental e as variáveis relacionados aos cuidados de saúde prestados. Metodologia Estudo descritivo, correlacional, com 250 enfermeiros de 69 Unidades Básica de Saúde do município de São Paulo. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre abril e agosto de 2019 por meio da escala “Opiniões acerca da Doença Mental”. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste de KrusKal-Wallis, com nível de confiança de 95% e significância estatística de p<0,05. Resultados A média global da escala foi 197, que demonstra atitudes negativas especialmente nas dimensões de Autoritarismo (44,6), Restrição Social (42,0), e positiva na dimensão Benevolência (51,7). Conclusão Os enfermeiros apresentam, tendencialmente, perfil atitudinal estigmatizante. É necessária intervenção formativa e permanente para que seja possível reduzir o estigma e melhorar o cuidado de base comunitária preconizado nas diretrizes da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial.

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the attitudes of nurses working in Primary Health Care towards the person with mental disorder and the variables related to health care provided. Methodology Descriptive, correlational study with 250 nurses from 69 Basic Health Units in the city of São Paulo. Data collection took place between April and August 2019 using the “Opinions about Mental Illness” scale. The data were analyzed using the KrusKal-Wallis test, with a 95% confidence level and statistical significance of p <0.05. Results The global mean of the scale was 197, which shows negative attitudes especially in the dimensions of Authoritarianism (44.6), Social Restriction (42.0), and positive in the dimension of Benevolence (51.7). Conclusion Nurses tend to have a stigmatizing attitudinal profile. It is necessary formative and permanent intervention so that it is possible to reduce stigma and improve community-based care recommended in the guidelines of the Psychosocial Care Network.

RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar las actitudes de los enfermeros que trabajan en Atención Primaria de Salud frente a la persona con trastorno mental y las variables relacionadas con la atención médica brindada. Metodología Estudio descriptivo, correlacional con 250 enfermeras de 69 Unidades Básicas de Salud en la ciudad de São Paulo. La recopilación de datos tuvo lugar entre abril y agosto de 2019 utilizando la escala "Opiniones sobre enfermedades mentales". Los datos se analizaron mediante la prueba de KrusKal-Wallis, con un nivel de confianza del 95% y una significación estadística de p <0,05. Resultados El promedio global de la escala fue 197, lo que muestra actitudes negativas especialmente en las dimensiones de Autoritarismo (44.6), Restricción social (42.0), y positivas en la dimensión de Benevolencia (51.7). Conclusión Las enfermeras tienden a tener un perfil de actitud estigmatizante. La intervención formativa y permanente es necesaria para que sea posible reducir el estigma y mejorar la atención comunitaria recomendada en las pautas de la Red de Atención Psicosocial.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2021.20200088 300 downloads

11.

Use and misuse of biomarkers and the role of D-dimer and C-reactive protein in the management of COVID-19: A post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study
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Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues

; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro

; Lima, Clarice Antunes de

; Corá, Aline Pivetta

; Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues

; Perazzio, Sandro Félix

; Gouvea, Christiane Pereira

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Trindade, Evelinda Marramon

; Sumita, Nairo Massakazu

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Lichtenstein, Arnaldo

; Bonfa, Eloisa

; Utiyama, Edivaldo M.

; Segurado, Aluisio C.

; Perondi, Beatriz

; Miethke-Morais, Anna

; Montal, Amanda C.

; Harima, Leila

; Fusco, Solange R. G.

; Silva, Marjorie F.

; Rocha, Marcelo C.

; Marcilio, Izabel

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Kawano, Fabiane Yumi Ogihara

; Jesus, Maria Amélia de

; Kallas, Ésper George

; Carmo, Carolina

; Tanaka, Clarice

; Souza, Heraldo Possolo de

; Marchini, Julio F. M.

; Carvalho, Carlos

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Levin, Anna Sara Shafferman

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli

; Guimarães, Thaís

; Lázari, Carolina dos Santos

; Sabino, Ester

; Magri, Marcello M. C.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcisio E. P.

; Francisco, Maria Cristina Peres Braido

; Costa, Silvia F.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3547

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality among hospitalized patients and incurs high costs. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can trigger both inflammatory and thrombotic processes, and these complications can lead to a poorer prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association and temporal trends of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), hospital mortality, and costs among inpatients with COVID-19. METHODS: Data were extracted from electronic patient records and laboratory databases. Crude and adjusted associations for age, sex, number of comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission, and D-dimer or CRP logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. RESULTS: Between March and June 2020, COVID-19 was documented in 3,254 inpatients. The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL fibrinogen equivalent unit (FEU) mortality odds ratio (OR) was 4.48 (adjusted OR: 1.97). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for death was 7.73 (adjusted OR: 3.93). The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL FEU VTE OR was 3.96 (adjusted OR: 3.26). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for VTE was 2.71 (adjusted OR: 1.92). All these analyses were statistically significant (p<0.001). Stratified hospital costs demonstrated a dose-response pattern. Adjusted D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher mortality and doubled hospital costs. In the first week, elevated D-dimer levels predicted VTE occurrence and systemic inflammatory harm, while CRP was a hospital mortality predictor. CONCLUSION: D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher hospital mortality and a higher incidence of VTE. D-dimer was more strongly associated with VTE, although its discriminative ability was poor, while CRP was a stronger predictor of hospital mortality. Their use outside the usual indications should not be modified and should be discouraged.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3547

12.

Diretriz Brasileira de Cardio-oncologia – 2020
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Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão

; Costa, Isabela Bispo Santos da Silva da

; Lopes, Marcelo Antônio Cartaxo Queiroga

; Hoff, Paulo Marcelo Gehm

; Diz, Maria Del Pilar Estevez

; Fonseca, Silvia Moulin Ribeiro

; Bittar, Cristina Salvadori

; Rehder, Marília Harumi Higuchi dos Santos

; Rizk, Stephanie Itala

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Fernandes, Gustavo dos Santos

; Beck-da-Silva, Luís

; Campos, Carlos Augusto Homem de Magalhães

; Montera, Marcelo Westerlund

; Alves, Sílvia Marinho Martins

; Fukushima, Júlia Tizue

; Santos, Maria Verônica Câmara dos

; Negrão, Carlos Eduardo

; Silva, Thiago Liguori Feliciano da

; Ferreira, Silvia Moreira Ayub

; Malachias, Marcus Vinicius Bolivar

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; Valente Neto, Manuel Maria Ramos

; Fonseca, Veronica Cristina Quiroga

; Soeiro, Maria Carolina Feres de Almeida

; Alves, Juliana Barbosa Sobral

; Silva, Carolina Maria Pinto Domingues Carvalho

; Sbano, João

; Pavanello, Ricardo

; Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli F.

; Simão, Antônio Felipe

; Dracoulakis, Marianna Deway Andrade

; Hoff, Ana Oliveira

; Assunção, Bruna Morhy Borges Leal

; Novis, Yana

; Testa, Laura

; Alencar Filho, Aristóteles Comte de

; Cruz, Cecília Beatriz Bittencourt Viana

; Pereira, Juliana

; Garcia, Diego Ribeiro

; Nomura, Cesar Higa

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli

; Marcatti, Patricia Tavares Felipe

; Mathias Junior, Wilson

; Wiermann, Evanius Garcia

; Val, Renata do

; Freitas, Helano

; Coutinho, Anelisa

; Mathias, Clarissa Maria de Cerqueira

; Vieira, Fernando Meton de Alencar Camara

; Sasse, André Deeke

; Rocha, Vanderson

; Ramires, José Antônio Franchini

; Kalil Filho, Roberto

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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nov 2020, Volume 115 N. 5 Pages 1006 - 1043

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20201006 4180 downloads

13.

Predominance of Giardia duodenalis AII sub-assemblage in young children from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Figueiredo Pacheco, Flávia Thamiris

; Rodrigues Silva, Renata Kelly Novaes

; Souza de Carvalho, Silvia

; Carvalho Rocha, Felipe

; Trindade das Chagas, Gisele Maria

; Chagas Gomes, Daisy

; da Costa-Ribeiro Junior, Hugo

; Medrado Ribeiro, Tereza Cristina

; Mattos, Ângela Peixoto de

; Kalabric Silva, Luciano

; Soares, Neci Matos

; Aquino Teixeira, Márcia Cristina

Biomédica

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sep 2020, Volume 40 N. 3 Pages 557 - 568

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. Giardia duodenalis es un protozoo intestinal de gran prevalencia en los niños de los países en desarrollo. En estudios moleculares se ha evidenciado la gran diversidad genética de G. duodenalis y se han identificado los conjuntos A y B, principalmente en humanos. A pesar de su importancia, el conocimiento de la epidemiología molecular de la giardiasis humana aún es limitado en Brasil. Objetivo. Caracterizar los aislamientos moleculares de G. duodenalis de muestras tomadas a niños de Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. Materiales y métodos. Las muestras fecales positivas para G. duodenalis se obtuvieron de 71 niños de dos guarderías y de 39 usuarios de un laboratorio de análisis clínicos. Las muestras se analizaron mediante PCR-RFLP de los genes gdh y beta-giardin, y secuenciación de beta-giardin. Resultados. De las 110 muestras de G. duodenalis, en 80 (72,7 %) se amplificaron uno o ambos genes. De estos, 62 (77,5 %) se identificaron como pertenecientes al conjunto A y 18 (22,5 %) al B. El subconjunto AII se identificó en el 58,8 % (n=47) de los aislamientos, seguido del AI en el 18,8% (n=15), el BIV en el 11,2% (n=9) y el BIII en el 5,0% (n=4). El subconjunto AII fue el más frecuente en los niños de ambas guarderías, en tanto que el AI solo se encontró en el grupo atendido en el laboratorio clínico. El subconjunto AII predominó en los niños menores de dos años. Conclusiones. La mayor frecuencia del subconjunto AII sugiere que la transmisión antroponótica es más común en Salvador, pero también existen vías de transmisión zoonóticas, y que pueden ocurrir cambios en la sensibilidad frente a diferentes patrones moleculares de Giardia durante el crecimiento infantil.

Abstract Introduction. Giardia duodenalis is an intestinal protozoan with a high prevalence in children of developing countries. Molecular studies revealed a great genetic diversity of G. duodenalis, with assemblages A and B found mainly in humans. Despite its importance, the information on the molecular epidemiology of human giardiasis is still limited in Brazil. Objective. To characterize G. duodenalis molecular isolates in children from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Materials and methods. Giardia duodenalis positive fecal samples were obtained from 71 children from two day care centers and 39 users of a clinical analysis laboratory. Samples were analyzed by PCR-RFLP of the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and beta-giardin genes and by the sequencing of beta-giardin. Results. Of the 110 G. duodenalis samples, 80 (72.7%) amplified one or both target genes. Of these, 62 (77.5 %) were identified as assemblage A and 18 (22.5%) as assemblage B. The subassemblage AII was identified in 58.8% (n=47) of isolates followed by the sub-assemblage AI (18.8%, n=15), BIV (11.2%, n=9), and BIII (5.0%, n=4). The AII sub-assemblage was the most frequent in children of both day care centers whereas AI was found only in the group attended at the clinical laboratory. Sub-assemblage AII predominated in children under two years. Conclusions. The higher frequency of AII sub-assemblage suggests that anthroponotic transmission is more common in Salvador, but that zoonotic transmission pathways are also present and a change in susceptibility to different molecular patterns of Giardia may occur during child growth.

https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.5161 296 downloads

14.

Eficácia da máscara facial (TNT) na população para a prevenção de infecções por coronavírus: revisão sistemática
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Camargo, Maria Cristina de

; Martinez-Silveira, Martha Sílvia

; Lima, Adeânio Almeida

; Bastos, Bruno Pires

; Santos, Diana Lima dos

; Mota, Sara Emanuela de Carvalho

; Silva, Roberta Borges

; Toledo, Isabela Porto de

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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sep 2020, Volume 25 N. 9 Pages 3365 - 3376

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a eficácia das máscaras faciais padrão tecido não tecido (TNT) para a prevenção de doenças respiratórias (MERS CoV, SARS-CoV e SARS-CoV-2) na população. Foi realizada busca nas bases de dados Medline, Embase, Cinahl, The Cochrane Library, Trip. Também busca complementar no Google Acadêmico, Rayyan e medRxiv. Não foram aplicados filtros relacionados a data, idioma ou status de publicação. Títulos e resumos foram rastreados e, posteriormente, textos completos foram avaliados. Foram incluídos três estudos: um ensaio clínico randomizado tipo cluster e duas revisões sistemáticas. O ensaio clínico indica benefício potencial de máscaras médicas para controle da fonte de infecção, para a doença respiratória clínica. Em uma das revisões sistemáticas, não foi possível estabelecer relação conclusiva entre uso da máscara e proteção contra infecção respiratória. Por fim, outra revisão sistemática demonstrou que máscaras são eficazes na prevenção da propagação de vírus respiratórios. As evidências apontam para benefício potencial das máscaras faciais padrão TNT. Para o cenário atual de pandemia por COVID 19, recomenda-se educação sobre uso adequado de máscaras, associado a medidas individuais de proteção.

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of non-woven face masks for the prevention of respiratory infections (MERS CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) in the population. Methods: search in Medline, Embase, Cinahl, The Cochrane Library, Trip databases. Google Scholar, Rayyan and medRxiv were also consulted for complementary results. No filters related to date, language or publication status were applied. Titles and abstracts were screened, and later, full texts were evaluated. Results: three studies were included: a randomized cluster clinical trial and two systematic reviews. The clinical trial indicates a potential benefit of medical masks to control the source of clinical respiratory disease infection. In one of the systematic reviews, it was not possible to establish a conclusive relationship between the use of the mask and protection against respiratory infection. Finally, another systematic review indicated that masks are effective in preventing the spread of respiratory viruses. Conclusion: Evidence points to the potential benefit of standard non-woven face masks. For the current pandemic scenario of COVID-19, education on the appropriate use of masks associated with individual protection measures is recommended.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259.13622020 10666 downloads

15.

[SciELO Preprints] - Effectiveness of the facial mask (non-woven) in the population to prevent coronavirus infections: A systematic review
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Lima, Adeânio Camargo, Maria Cristina de Martinez-Silveira, Martha Sílvia Bastos, Bruno Pires Santos, Diana Lima dos Mota, Sara Emanuela de Carvalho Silva, Roberta Borges Toledo, Isabela Porto de

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Publication date: 2020-05-11

Abstract: En Pt

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of non-woven face masks for the prevention of respiratory diseases (MERS CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2) in the population. Methods: search in Medline, Embase, Cinahl, The Cochrane Library, Trip databases. It also seeks to complement Google Scholar, Rayyan and medRxiv. No filters related to date, language or publication status were applied. Titles and abstracts were screened, and later, full texts were evaluated. Results: three studies were included: a randomized cluster clinical trial and two systematic reviews. The clinical trial indicates the potential benefit of medical masks to control the source of infection for clinical respiratory disease. In one of the systematic reviews, it was not possible to establish a conclusive relationship between the use of the mask and protection against respiratory infection. Finally, another systematic review has shown that masks are effective in preventing the spread of respiratory viruses. Conclusion: Evidence points to the potential benefit of standard non-woven face masks. For the current pandemic scenario due to COVID 19, education on the appropriate use of masks, associated with individual protection measures, is recommended.

Objetivos: avaliar a eficácia das máscaras padrão de tecido (TNT) para a prevenção de doenças respiratórias (MERS CoV, SARS-CoV e SARS-CoV-2) na população. Métodos: busca nas bases de dados Medline, Embase, Cinahl, The Cochrane Library, Trip. Também busca complementar no Google Acadêmico, Rayyan e medRxiv. Não foram aplicados filtros relacionados a dados, idioma ou status de publicação. Títulos e resumos foram rastreados, e posteriormente textos completos foram usados. Resultados: foram incluídos três estudos: um ensaio clínico randomizado tipo cluster e duas análises sistemáticas. O ensaio clínico indica o benefício potencial de máscaras médicas para o controle da fonte de infecção, para a doença respiratória clínica.Em uma das revisões sistemáticas, não foi possível definir uma relação conclusiva entre o uso da Máscara e proteção contra a infecção respiratória. Por fim, outra revisão sistemática demonstrou que máscaras são usadas na prevenção da propagação de vírus respiratórios. Conclusão: Como indicado para o benefício potencial das máscaras padrão TNT. Para o cenário atual de pandemia por COVID 19, recomenda-se a educação sobre o uso adequado de máscaras, relacionadas a medidas individuais de proteção.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.413

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