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RESUMO OBJETIVO Determinar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica e de seus componentes em adolescentes brasileiros. MÉTODOS Foram avaliados 37.504 adolescentes, participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), estudo transversal de âmbito nacional e de base escolar. Os adolescentes, de 12 a 17 anos de idade, residiam em municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes. A amostra foi estratificada e conglomerada em escolas e turmas. Os critérios da International Diabetes Federation foram utilizados para definir síndrome metabólica. Prevalências de síndrome metabólica foram estimadas segundo sexo, faixa etária, tipo de escola e estado nutricional. RESULTADOS Dos 37.504 adolescentes, 50,2% eram do sexo feminino; 54,3% tinham de 15 a 17 anos e 73,3% estudavam em escolas públicas. A prevalência nacional de síndrome metabólica foi 2,6% (IC95% 2,3-2,9), discretamente maior no sexo masculino e naqueles de 15 a 17 anos na maioria das macrorregiões. A prevalência foi a maior nos residentes na macrorregião Sul, nas adolescentes mais jovens e nos adolescentes mais velhos. A prevalência foi maior nas escolas públicas (2,8% [IC95% 2,4-3,2]) que nas escolas privadas (1,9% [IC95% 1,4-2,4]) e nos adolescentes obesos em comparação aos não obesos. As combinações de componentes mais frequentes, respondendo por 3/4 das combinações, foram: circunferência de cintura elevada, HDL-colesterol baixo e pressão arterial elevada, seguida de circunferência da cintura elevada, lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-c) baixo e triglicerídeos elevados, e wpor circunferência da cintura elevada, HDL baixa e triacilgliceróis e pressão arterial elevados. A HDL baixa foi o segundo componente mais frequente, mas a maior prevalência de síndrome metabólica (26,8%) foi observada na presença de triglicerídeos elevado. CONCLUSÕES O ERICA é o primeiro estudo nacional a apresentar prevalências de síndrome metabólica e descrever a participação dos seus componentes. Apesar de a prevalência da síndrome metabólica ter sido baixa, as altas prevalências de alguns componentes e de participação de outros na composição da síndrome torna importante o diagnóstico precoce de tais alterações, mesmo que não agrupadas na síndrome metabólica.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS We evaluated 37,504 adolescents who were participants in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, school-based, national study. The adolescents, aged from 12 to 17 years, lived in cities with populations greater than 100,000 inhabitants. The sample was stratified and clustered into schools and classes. The criteria set out by the International Diabetes Federation were used to define metabolic syndrome. Prevalences of metabolic syndrome were estimated according to sex, age group, school type and nutritional status. RESULTS Of the 37,504 adolescents who were evaluated: 50.2% were female; 54.3% were aged from 15 to 17 years, and 73.3% were from public schools. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 2.6% (95%CI 2.3-2.9), slightly higher in males and in those aged from 15 to 17 years in most macro-regions. The prevalence was the highest in residents from the South macro-region, in the younger female adolescents and in the older male adolescents. The prevalence was higher in public schools (2.8% [95%CI 2.4-3.2]), when compared with private schools (1.9% [95%CI 1.4-2.4]) and higher in obese adolescents when compared with nonobese ones. The most common combinations of components, referring to 3/4 of combinations, were: enlarged waist circumference (WC), low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) and high blood pressure; followed by enlarged WC, low HDL-c and high triglycerides; and enlarged WC, low HDL-c, high triglycerides and blood pressure. Low HDL was the second most frequent component, but the highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome (26.8%) was observed in the presence of high triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS ERICA is the first Brazilian nation-wide study to present the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and describe the role of its components. Despite the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome being low, the high prevalences of some components and participation of others in the syndrome composition shows the importance of early diagnosis of this changes, even if not grouped within the metabolic syndrome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006701 1789 downloads

ERICA: prevalences of hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents
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Bloch, Katia Vergetti

; Klein, Carlos Henrique

; Szklo, Moyses

; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina C

; Abreu, Gabriela de Azevedo

; Barufaldi, Laura Augusta

; Veiga, Gloria Valeria da

; Schaan, Beatriz

; Silva, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da

; Moraes, Ana Julia Pantoja

; Oliveira, Ana Mayra Andrade de

; Tavares, Bruno Mendes

; Magliano, Erika da Silva

; Oliveira, Cecília Lacroix de

; Cunha, Cristiane de Freitas

; Giannini, Denise Tavares

; Belfort, Dilson Rodrigues

; Santos, Eduardo Lima

; Leon, Elisa Brosina de

; Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araújo

; Fujimori, Elizabeth

; Borges, Ana Luíza

; Vasconcelos, Francisco de Assis Guedes

; Azevedo, George Dantas

; Brunken, Gisela Soares

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Oliveira, Juliana Souza

; Carvalho, Kenia Mara B. de

; Gonçalves, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira

; Monteiro, Maria Inês

; Santos, Marize M.

; Jardim, Paulo César B. Veiga

; Ferreira, Pedro Antônio Muniz

; Montenegro Jr., Renan Magalhães

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro

; Vasconcelos, Sandra Mary

; Goldberg, Tamara Beres Lederer

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 50 Suppl. 1 elocation 9s

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar as prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade e a fração atribuível populacional de hipertensão arterial devida à obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros. MÉTODOS Foram avaliados dados dos participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes, estudo seccional l nacional de base escolar. A amostra foi dividida em 32 estratos geográficos e conglomerados de escolas e turmas, com representatividade nacional, macrorregional e de capitais. Obesidade foi classificada pelo índice de massa corporal segundo idade e sexo. Considerou-se hipertensão arterial a média da pressão arterial sistólica ou diastólica maior ou igual ao percentil 95 da curva de referência. Foram estimadas prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) de hipertensão arterial e de obesidade, nacionais e nas macrorregiões do País, por sexo e grupo etário, assim como as frações de hipertensão atribuíveis à obesidade na população. RESULTADOS Foram avaliados 73.399 estudantes, 55,4% do sexo feminino, com média de idade 14,7 anos (DP = 1,6). A prevalência de hipertensão arterial foi 9,6% (IC95% 9,0-10,3); sendo as mais baixas observadas nas regiões Norte, 8,4% (IC95% 7,7-9,2) e Nordeste, 8,4% (IC95% 7,6-9,2) e a mais alta na região Sul, 12,5% (IC95% 11,0-14,2). A prevalência de obesidade foi 8,4% (IC95% 7,9-8,9), mais baixa na região Norte e mais alta na Sul. As prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade foram maiores no sexo masculino. Adolescentes com obesidade tiveram prevalência de hipertensão arterial mais elevada, 28,4% (IC95% 25,5-31,2), do que aqueles com sobrepeso, 15,4% (IC95% 13,8-17,0), ou eutróficos, 6,3% (IC95% 5,6-7,0). A fração de hipertensão arterial atribuível à obesidade foi de 17,8%. CONCLUSÕES O ERICA foi o primeiro estudo brasileiro com representatividade nacional a estimar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial aferida em adolescentes. A fração da prevalência de hipertensão arterial atribuível à obesidade mostrou que cerca de 1/5 dos hipertensos poderiam não ser hipertensos se não fossem obesos.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95%CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95%CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95%CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95%CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95%CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95%CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95%CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95%CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006685 1511 downloads

ERICA: prevalences of hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents
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Bloch, Katia Vergetti

; Klein, Carlos Henrique

; Szklo, Moyses

; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina C

; Abreu, Gabriela de Azevedo

; Barufaldi, Laura Augusta

; Veiga, Gloria Valeria da

; Schaan, Beatriz

; Silva, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da

; Moraes, Ana Julia Pantoja

; Oliveira, Ana Mayra Andrade de

; Tavares, Bruno Mendes

; Magliano, Erika da Silva

; Oliveira, Cecília Lacroix de

; Cunha, Cristiane de Freitas

; Giannini, Denise Tavares

; Belfort, Dilson Rodrigues

; Santos, Eduardo Lima

; Leon, Elisa Brosina de

; Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araújo

; Fujimori, Elizabeth

; Borges, Ana Luíza

; Vasconcelos, Francisco de Assis Guedes

; Azevedo, George Dantas

; Brunken, Gisela Soares

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Oliveira, Juliana Souza

; Carvalho, Kenia Mara B. de

; Gonçalves, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira

; Monteiro, Maria Inês

; Santos, Marize M.

; Jardim, Paulo César B. Veiga

; Ferreira, Pedro Antônio Muniz

; Montenegro Jr., Renan Magalhães

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro

; Vasconcelos, Sandra Mary

; Goldberg, Tamara Beres Lederer

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 50 Suppl. 1 elocation 9s

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006685 18629 downloads

ERICA: prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents
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Kuschnir, Maria Cristina C

; Bloch, Katia Vergetti

; Szklo, Moyses

; Klein, Carlos Henrique

; Barufaldi, Laura Augusta

; Abreu, Gabriela de Azevedo

; Schaan, Beatriz

; Veiga, Gloria Valeria da

; Silva, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da

; Vasconcellos, Maurício T L de

; Moraes, Ana Júlia Pantoja de

; Oliveira, Ana Mayra Andrade de

; Tavares, Bruno Mendes

; Oliveira, Cecília Lacroix de

; Cunha, Cristiane de Freitas

; Giannini, Denise Tavares

; Belfort, Dilson Rodrigues

; Santos, Eduardo Lima

; Leon, Elisa Brosina de

; Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araújo

; Fujimori, Elizabeth

; Borges, Ana Luíza

; Magliano, Erika da Silva

; Vasconcelos, Francisco de Assis Guedes

; Azevedo, George Dantas

; Brunken, Gisela Soares

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Oliveira, Juliana Souza

; Carvalho, Kenia Mara B de

; Gonçalves, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira

; Monteiro, Maria Inês

; Santos, Marize M

; Muniz, Pascoal Torres

; Jardim, Paulo César B Veiga

; Ferreira, Pedro Antônio Muniz

; Montenegro Jr, Renan Magalhães

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro

; Vasconcelos, Sandra Mary

; Martins, Stella Maris Seixas

; Goldberg, Tamara Beres Lederer

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 50 Suppl. 1 elocation 11s

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006701 11875 downloads

Genes that encodes NAGT, MIF1 and MIF2 are not virulence factors for kala-azar caused by Leishmania infantum
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Aguiar, Bruno Guedes Alcoforado

; Coelho, Daniela Lemos

; Costa, Dorcas Lamounier

; Drumond, Betânia Paiva

; Coelho, Luiz Felipe Leomil

; Figueiredo, Lívio Carvalho

; Zacarias, Danielle Alves

; Silva, Jailthon Carlos da

; Alonso, Diego Peres

; Ribolla, Paulo Eduardo Martins

; Ishikawa, Edna Aoba Yassui

; Gaído, Samara Belchior

; Costa, Carlos Henrique Nery

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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oct 2014, Volume 47 N. 5 Pages 593 - 598

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

IntroductionKala-azar is a disease resulting from infection by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum. Most patients with the disease exhibit prolonged fever, wasting, anemia and hepatosplenomegaly without complications. However, some patients develop severe disease with hemorrhagic manifestations, bacterial infections, jaundice, and edema dyspnea, among other symptoms, followed by death. Among the parasite molecules that might influence the disease severity are the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-like proteins (MIF1 and MIF2) and N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (NAGT), which act in the first step of protein N-glycosylation. This study aimed to determine whether MIF1, MIF2 and NAGT are virulence factors for severe kala-azar.MethodsTo determine the parasite genotype in kala-azar patients from Northeastern Brazil, we sequenced the NAGT genes of L. infantum from 68 patients as well as the MIF1 and MIF2 genes from 76 different subjects with diverse clinical manifestations. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the fragments were sequenced, followed by polymorphism identification.ResultsThe nucleotide sequencing of the 144 amplicons revealed the absence of genetic variability of the NAGT, MIF1 and MIF2 genes between the isolates. The conservation of these genes suggests that the clinical variability of kala-azar does not depend upon these genes. Additionally, this conservation suggests that these genes may be critical for parasite survival.ConclusionsNAGT, MIF1 and MIF2 do not alter the severity of kala-azar. NAGT, MIF1 and MIF2 are highly conserved among different isolates of identical species and exhibit potential for use in phylogenetic inferences or molecular diagnosis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0183-2014 2038 downloads

Effects of masticatory hypofunction on mandibular morphology, mineral density and basal bone area
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Guerreiro, Fernanda da Silva

; Diniz, Péricles

; Carvalho, Paulo Eduardo Guedes

; Ferreira, Eduardo Cargnin

; Avancini, Sandra Regina Paulon

; Ferreira-Santos, Rívea Inês

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences

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sep 2013, Volume 12 N. 3 Pages 205 - 211

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

AIM: This experimental study investigated the association between masticatory hypofunction and mandibular morphological dimensions and internal bone characteristics. METHODS: Twentyfour 21-day-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups, according to the diet consistency. The control group (CG) was fed a solid diet (pellets) and the experimental group (EG) received a powdered diet during 50 days. All animals were euthanized and their mandibles removed and processed for histomorphometric analysis. A calibrated examiner performed linear and angular measurements (mandibular body length and height, mandibular lengths, ramus depth and height, mandibular base depth, mandibular head and gonial angle) on photographs, estimated bone density in the mandibular ramus region on digital radiographs and assessed the area of cortical and trabecular bone tissue in the second molar region, in 5-µm-thick serial cuts stained with Cason's Trichrome. Measurements for the study groups were compared using Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05). larvae to induce experimental candidiasis, and after 24 hours, the survival rate was assessed. RESULTS: some of the macroscopic dimensions evaluated on photographs were significantly smaller in EG compared to CG, specifically mandibular ramus height (10.77 mm vs. 11.11 mm, p=0.0375), mandibular body length (21.67 mm vs. 22.36 mm, p=0.0165) and height (4.24 mm vs. 4.54 mm, p=0.0016), as well as mandibular base depth (1.24 mm vs. 1.47 mm, p=0.0325). The relative mineral bone density was significantly decreased in EG (1.04) compared to CG (1.25), p<0.001. Rats in the EG also presented smaller trabecular and cortical bone area (2.36 mm²) than those in CG (3.16 mm²), p<0.001. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the above-mentioned measurements, it may be concluded that masticatory hypofunction induced by a powdered diet affected mandibular morphology and was associated with significantly reduced bone content.

2512 downloads

Halogen light versus LED for bracket bonding: shear bond strength
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Carvalho, Paulo Eduardo Guedes

; Santos, Valdemir Muzulon dos

; Isber, Hassan

; Cotrim-Ferreira, Flávio Augusto

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics

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feb 2013, Volume 18 N. 1 Pages 31e1 - 31e6

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: os aparelhos de fotopolimerização por LED buscam proporcionar uma luz ativadora fria, que possibilite protocolos de polimerização do material com menor tempo de duração. OBJETIVO: avaliar a resistência à tração da colagem de braquetes, utilizando três tipos de aparelhos fotoativadores: um de luz halógena (Optilight Plus - Gnatus) e outros dois de LED (Optilight CL - Gnatus; e Elipar Freelight - 3M/Espe). RESULTADOS: comparando os resultados por meio da análise de variância, o aparelho de LED Gnatus apresentou comportamento estatístico inferior em relação às outras fontes de luz, quando ativado por tempo reduzido. Já quando foi utilizado o tempo de 40 segundos, os resultados de polimerização foram compatíveis com as demais fontes avaliadas. O aparelho que apresentou melhor desempenho médio foi o de luz halógena, seguido pelo LED 3M/Espe. CONCLUSÃO: concluiu-se que os LEDs podem ser indicados na prática ortodôntica, uma vez que seja utilizado um protocolo de aplicação da luz com tempo de ativação de 40 segundos.

INTRODUCTION: LED light-curing devices seek to provide a cold light activator which allows protocols of material polymerization with shorter duration. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength of bracket bonding using three types of light-curing devices: One with halogen light (Optilight Plus - Gnatus) and two with LEDs (Optilight CL - Gnatus and Elipar Freelight - 3M/ESPE). RESULTS: Comparing the results by analysis of variance, the Gnatus LED device showed an inferior statistical behavior in relation to other light sources, when activated by a short time. But, when it was used for 40 seconds, the polymerization results were consistent with the other evaluated sources. The device with the best average performance was the halogen light, followed by the 3M/ESPE LED. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the LEDs may be indicated in orthodontic practice, as long as a protocol is used for the application of light with the activation time of 40 seconds.

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Are torque values of preadjusted brackets precise?
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Streva, Alessandra Motta

; Cotrim-Ferreira, Flávio Augusto

; Garib, Daniela Gamba

; Carvalho, Paulo Eduardo Guedes

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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aug 2011, Volume 19 N. 4 Pages 313 - 317

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to verify the torque precision of metallic brackets with MBT prescription using the canine brackets as the representative sample of six commercial brands. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty maxillary and 20 mandibular canine brackets of one of the following commercial brands were selected: 3M Unitek, Abzil, American Orthodontics, TP Orthodontics, Morelli and Ortho Organizers. The torque angle, established by reference points and lines, was measured by an operator using an optical microscope coupled to a computer. The values were compared to those established by the MBT prescription. RESULTS: The results showed that for the maxillary canine brackets, only the Morelli torque (-3.33º) presented statistically significant difference from the proposed values (-7º). For the mandibular canines, American Orthodontics (-6.34º) and Ortho Organizers (-6.25º) presented statistically significant differences from the standards (-6º). Comparing the brands, Morelli presented statistically significant differences in comparison with all the other brands for maxillary canine brackets. For the mandibular canine brackets, there was no statistically significant difference between the brands. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant variations in torque values of some of the brackets assessed, which would clinically compromise the buccolingual positioning of the tooth at the end of orthodontic treatment.

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Avaliação da resistência ao cisalhamento de braquetes da técnica lingual colados sobre superfície cerâmica
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Imakami, Michele Balestrin

; Valle-Corotti, Karyna Martins

; Carvalho, Paulo Eduardo Guedes

; Scocate, Ana Carla Raphaelli Nahás

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics

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jun 2011, Volume 16 N. 3 Pages 87 - 94

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: avaliar a resistência ao cisalhamento de braquetes metálicos (American Orthodontics) utilizados na técnica lingual, colados em facetas de cerâmica. MÉTODOS: foram utilizados 40 corpos de prova divididos em quatro grupos de 10, de acordo com o material de colagem e do preparo da porcelana: Grupo I -resina Sondhi Rapid-Set e ácido fluorídrico; Grupo II -resina Sondhi Rapid-Set e óxido de alumínio; Grupo III -resina Transbond XT e ácido fluorídrico; e Grupo IV -resina Transbond XT e óxido de alumínio. Previamente à colagem, os braquetes foram preparados com base de resina de carga pesada (Z-250) e as facetas de cerâmica receberam aplicação de silano. O teste de cisalhamento foi realizado por uma máquina de ensaios Kratos à uma velocidade de 0,5mm/min. RESULTADOS: os resultados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente através do teste de Tukey (p<0,05) e demonstraram diferença significativa entre os grupos I (2,77MPa) e IV (6,00MPa), e entre os grupos III (3,33MPa) e IV. CONCLUSÕES: concluiu-se que a colagem de braquetes da técnica lingual em superfície de cerâmica foi mais resistente ao cisalhamento com o uso de óxido de alumínio associado às duas resinas utilizadas neste estudo, porém a resina Transbond XT apresentou maior resistência que a Sondhi Rapid-Set.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear strength of lingual metal brackets (American Orthodontics) bonded to ceramic veneers. METHODS: A total of 40 specimens were divided into four groups of 10, according to bonding material and ceramics preparation: Group I -Sondhi Rapid-Set resin and Hydrofluoric acid, Group II -Sondhi Rapid-Set resin and aluminum oxide, Group III -Transbond XT resin and Hydrofluoric acid, and Group IV -Transbond XT resin and aluminum oxide. Prior to bonding, the brackets were prepared with heavy-duty resin base (Z-250) and the ceramic veneers were treated with silane. The shear test was conducted with a Kratos testing machine at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. RESULTS: The results were statistically analyzed by the Tukey test (p<0.05) and showed a statistically significant difference between groups I (2.77 MPa) and IV (6.00 MPa), and between groups III (3.33 MPa) and IV. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the bonding of lingual brackets to ceramic surfaces exhibited greater shear strength when aluminum oxide was used in association with the two resins utilized in this study, although Transbond XT showed greater shear strength than Sondhi Rapid-Set.

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10.

Comparative in vitro study of the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with restorative and orthodontic resins
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Isber, Hassan

; Ambrosio, Aldrieli Regina

; Carvalho, Paulo Eduardo Guedes

; Valle-Corotti, Karyna Martins do

; Siqueira, Danilo Furquim

Brazilian Oral Research

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feb 2011, Volume 25 N. 1 Pages 49 - 55

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with different restorative systems and compare it with that afforded by an established orthodontic bonding system. Seventy human bicuspids were used, divided into five different groups with 14 teeth each. Whereas a specific orthodontic bonding resin (TransbondTM XT) was used in the control group, the restorative systems Charisma, Tetric Ceram, TPH Spectrum and Z100 were used in the other four groups. Seven days after bonding the brackets to the samples, shear forces were applied under pressure in a universal testing machine. The data collected was evaluated using the ANOVA test and, when a difference was identified, the Tukey test was applied. A 5% level of significance was adopted. The mean results of the shear bond strength tests were as follows: Group 1 (Charisma), 14.98 MPa; Group 2 (Tetric Ceram), 15.16 MPa; Group 3 (TPH), 17.70 MPa; Group 4 (Z100), 13.91 MPa; and Group 5 or control group (TransbondTM XT), 17.15 MPa. No statistically significant difference was found among the groups. It was concluded that all tested resins have sufficient bond strength to be recommended for bonding orthodontic brackets.

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11.

Metallographic analysis of the internal microstructure of orthodontic mini-implants
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Cotrim-Ferreira, Flávio Augusto

; Quaglio, Camila Leite

; Peralta, Rubén Patricio Vásquez

; Carvalho, Paulo Eduardo Guedes

; Siqueira, Danilo Furquim

Brazilian Oral Research

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dec 2010, Volume 24 N. 4 Pages 438 - 442

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Effective orthodontic anchorage may be obtained by miniimplants inserted into the maxillary bones. However, the risk of miniimplant failure is one of the most important issues, especially the rupture of its structure referred to as fracture, mainly due to metal deficiencies. This study analyzed the internal microstructure of orthodontic mini-implants, ascertaining the composition of the metal to detect possible discontinuities from the surface to the core of the screws. Eighteen samples of mini-implants, of 3 different brands, were obtained. The samples were cold-embedded in methyl methacrylate polymer, and were sectioned both longitudinally (3 samples of each brand) and transversely (the other 3 screws of each brand). After preparation, the samples were observed using a light microscope at up to 2,000 x magnification. The results showed that the mini-implants thus analyzed were composed of an Alpha-Beta globular phase of titanium alloy, patterns A1 and A9 (in accordance with the "Technical Committee of European Titanium Producers"). The miniimplants did not present any defects such as bubbles, imperfections or fissures, in either longitudinal or transverse sections, in their internal microstructure. All samples met the requirements of international norms. Orthodontists must be aware of the metal composition and internal microstructure of mini-implants, to decrease the risk of fractures.

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12.

Estudo cefalométrico da correlação da anatomia da base craniana com o padrão facial e as bases apicais
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Araújo, Marcelo Calvo de

; Nahás, Ana Carla Raphaelli

; Cotrim-Ferreira, Flavio Augusto

; Carvalho, Paulo Eduardo Guedes

Revista Dental Press de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial

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aug 2008, Volume 13 N. 4 Pages 67 - 76

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVOS: este estudo transversal foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar cefalometricamente a correlação da anatomia da base craniana com o padrão facial e as bases apicais. METODOLOGIA: foram utilizadas 88 telerradiografias de norma lateral de jovens leucodermas brasileiros com média de idade de 10,3 anos. Utilizou-se o índice VERT de Ricketts para a determinação do padrão facial, distribuindo a amostra em: 37 para o grupo M (mesofaciais), 34 para o grupo D (dolicofaciais) e 17 para o grupo B (braquifaciais). Realizaram-se, manualmente: o desenho anatômico, a demarcação de pontos, o traçado de linhas e planos e a aferição de medidas lineares e angulares. As medidas da base do crânio utilizadas foram S-N, N.S.Ba e S-N.Po-Or, e as medidas das bases apicais foram S.N.A, S.N.B e A.N.B. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: concluiu-se que, na correlação entre a base craniana e o padrão facial, houve significância entre a variável N.S.Ba e o índice VERT. Na correlação entre a base craniana e as bases apicais, houve significância entre N.S.Ba e as variáveis S.N.A e S.N.B, e entre S-N.Po-Or e as variáveis S.N.A e S.N.B.

AIM: This cross-sectional study was conducted with the object of making a cephalometric evaluation of the cranial base anatomy correlation with the facial pattern and apical bases. METHODS: 88 lateral teleradiographies of young white Brazilian with mean age of 10.3 years were used. The Ricketts VERT index was used to determine the facial pattern, and the sample was distributed as follows: 37 in group M (mesofacial), 34 in group D (dolicofacial) and 17 in group B (brachyfacial). The anatomic drawing, demarcation of points, line and plane tracings, and linear and angular measurement gauging were done manually. The cranial base measurements used were S-N, N.S.Ba and S-N.Po-Or and the apical base measurements were S.N.A, S.N.B and A.N.B. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: It was concluded that, in the correlation between the cranial base and the facial pattern, there was significance between the variable N.S.Ba and the VERT Index. In the correlation between the cranial base and the apical bases, there was significance between N.S.Ba and the variables S.N.A and S.N.B, and between S-N.Po-Or and the variables S.N.A and S.N.B.

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13.

Crescimento de mudas de pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K) sob diferentes níveis de salinidade
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Fernandes, Antonio Rodrigues

; Carvalho, Janice Guedes de

; Curi, Nilton

; Guimarães, Paulo de Tácito Gontijo

; Pinto, José Eduardo Brasil Pereira

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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apr 2003, Volume 27 N. 2 Pages 278 - 284

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A salinidade geralmente causa redução do crescimento das plantas, induzindo a desordens nutricionais causadas pelo excesso de sais, principalmente NaCl. Com o objetivo de estudar a influência de diferentes níveis de salinidade sobre o crescimento de mudas de pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.), instalou-se um experimento usando solução nutritiva, em condições de casa-de-vegetação, no Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Lavras. O experimento foi realizado em blocos casualizados com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constaram das seguintes doses: 0,0 Na e 0,5 Cl; 1,0 Na e 0,5 Cl (controle), e 5,0; 15,0; 30,0; 60,0 e 120,0 mmol L-1 de NaCl. A pupunheira foi beneficiada pela presença do Na na solução, nas dosagens de até 5 mmol L-1 de NaCl; no entanto, maior crescimento de mudas foi obtido com 1 mmol L-1 de Na e 0,5 mmol L-1 de Cl. A pupunheira, na fase inicial de crescimento, não se mostrou tolerante ao NaCl nas doses a partir de 15 mmol L-1 aplicadas na solução. As variáveis de crescimento correlacionaram-se negativa e significativamente com a condutividade elétrica da solução.

Soil salinity usually causes reduction of growth of crops inducing nutritional disorders caused by the excess of salts, mainly NaCl. With the objective of studying the influence of different salinity levels upon growth of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.) seedlings, an experiment was established using nutrient solution, under greenhouse conditions at the Soil Science Departament of the Federal University Lavras Minas Gerais, state Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with seven treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of the following levels of NaCl: 0.0 and 0.5 Cl; 1 and 0.5 Cl (control); 5.0; 15.0; 30.0; 60.0 and 120.0 mmol L-1. The peach palm seedlings were benefited by Na in solution, up to 5 mmol L-1 of NaCl, however higher growth was obtained with 1mmol L-1 of Na and 0,05 mmol L-1 of Cl. At the initial growth phase, the peach palm was not tolerant to NaCl at doses from 15 mmol L-1 applied in the solution. The growth variables were negatively correlated with the electric conductivity of the solution.

1336 downloads Cited 6 times in SciELO

14.

Nutrição mineral de mudas de pupunheira sob diferentes níveis de salinidade
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Fernandes, Antonio Rodrigues

; Carvalho, Janice Guedes de

; Curi, Nilton

; Pinto, José Eduardo Brasil Pereira

; Guimarães, Paulo de Tácito Gontijo

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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nov 2002, Volume 37 N. 11 Pages 1613 - 1619

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O potencial produtivo das plantas pode ser afetado por desordens nutricionais, induzidas pelo estresse salino. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a influência de diferentes níveis de salinidade na nutrição mineral de mudas de pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.), mediante o uso de solução nutritiva, em casa de vegetação. O experimento foi instalado em blocos ao acaso, com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constaram das seguintes doses (mmol L-1): 0,0 de Na e 0,5 de Cl; 1,0 de Na e 0,5 de Cl (controle); e 5,0, 15,0, 30,0, 60,0 e 120,0 de NaCl. Os teores dos macronutrientes variaram em razão da salinidade, e verificou-se que o P e K apresentaram seus teores reduzidos nas raízes, o K e o Ca, nas folhas e o S, nas diferentes partes, enquanto o Na e o Cl apresentaram teores incrementados nas diferentes partes da planta. As relações Na/K, Na/Ca, Na/Mg, Cl/N, Cl/P e Cl/S aumentaram, causando um desbalanço nutricional na planta.

The productive potential of plants may be affected by nutritional disorders induced by saline stress. The objective was to study the influence of different salinity levels on mineral nutrition of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.) seedlings in greenhouse conditions with nutritive solution. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with seven treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of the following dosages (mmol L-1): 0.0 of Na and 0.5 of Cl; 1.0 of Na and 0.5 of Cl (control); and 5.0, 15.0, 30.0, 60.0 and 120.0 of NaCl. The content of the macronutrients varied with the salinity, there was reduction of P and K in the roots, K and Ca in the leaves, and S in different parts of the plants. Therefore, there was increase of Na and Cl in different parts of the plant. The enhancement of the ratios Na/K, Na/Ca, Na/Mg, Cl/N, Cl/P and Cl/S induced a nutritional imbalance in the plant.

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