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Controvérsias sobre as vacinas e a vacinação contra COVID-19 no meio jornalístico
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Gonçalves, Bruna Aparecida

; Itagyba, Renata Fortes

; Matos, Camila Carvalho de Souza Amorim

; Couto, Marcia Thereza

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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may 2025, Volume 30 N. 5 elocation e14472023

Abstract: En Pt Es | Text: En Pt Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es

Abstract In the context of COVID-19, controversies about vaccines and vaccination have gained prominence in the media, stirring debates about safety, efficacy and side effects This study analyzed the positioning in favor and against COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination in the Brazilian newspapers Folha de S.Paulo (FSP) and Brasil Sem Medo (BSM). This qualitative research was carried out through documentary analysis of 16 news stories selected from FSP and 12 from BSM, based on the theoretical-methodological perspective of Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network Theory. Regarding COVID-19 vaccines, BSM presented arguments questioning the development of these vaccines, concerns about adverse events, ineffectiveness of vaccines, natural immunity superior to that acquired by vaccines and rumors about the composition of vaccines. FSP argued in defense of the safety and effectiveness of vaccines. Regarding vaccination, BSM criticized the restrictions imposed to unvaccinated citizens and defended individual freedom. FSP criticized the former president Bolsonaro’s position on vaccination and defended mass immunization. The study shows that newspapers disseminate polarized perspectives on COVID-19 vaccines/vaccination. The controversy about vaccines/vaccination is related to the crisis of expertise in health decision-making.

Resumo No contexto da COVID-19, controvérsias relacionadas às vacinas e à vacinação ganharam proeminência nos veículos de comunicação, atravessadas por debates sobre segurança, eficácia e efeitos colaterais. Este estudo analisou os posicionamentos a favor e contrários às vacinas e à vacinação contra a COVID-19 nos jornais Folha de S.Paulo (FSP) e Brasil Sem Medo (BSM). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio da análise documental, partindo da perspectiva teórica-metodológica da teoria ator-rede de Bruno Latour. Sobre as vacinas, o BSM apresentou argumentos questionando o desenvolvimento dessas vacinas, preocupação com eventos adversos, ineficácia das vacinas, imunidade natural superior à das vacinas e rumores sobre a composição das vacinas. A FSP argumentou em defesa da segurança e eficácia das vacinas. Sobre a vacinação, o BSM criticou as restrições impostas aos não vacinados e defendeu a liberdade individual. A FSP criticou os discursos do presidente na época, Jair Bolsonaro, sobre a vacinação e defendeu a imunização em massa. O estudo evidencia que os jornais difundem perspectivas polarizadas sobre as vacinas/vacinação contra a COVID-19. A controvérsia sobre as vacinas/vacinação está relacionada à crise da expertise no âmbito da tomada de decisões sanitárias.

Resumen En el contexto del COVID-19, las controversias relacionadas con las vacunas y la vacunación han ganado protagonismo en los medios de comunicación, intercaladas con debates sobre seguridad, eficacia y efectos secundarios. Este estudio analizó las posiciones a favor y en contra de las vacunas y la vacunación contra la COVID-19 en los periódicos Folha de S.Paulo (FSP) y Brasil Sem Medo (BSM). Se trata de una investigación cualitativa realizada mediante el análisis documental, basada en la perspectiva teórico-metodológica de la teoría del Actor-Red de Bruno Latour. Respecto a las vacunas, el BSM presentó argumentos cuestionando el desarrollo de estas vacunas, preocupaciones sobre eventos adversos, ineficacia de las vacunas, inmunidad natural superior a la de las vacunas y rumores sobre la composición de las vacunas. FSP argumentó en defensa de la seguridad y eficacia de las vacunas. Respecto a la vacunación, el BSM criticó las restricciones impuestas a los no vacunados y defendió la libertad individual. FSP criticó los discursos del entonces presidente, Jair Bolsonaro, sobre la vacunación y defendió la inmunización masiva. El estudio muestra que los periódicos difunden perspectivas polarizadas sobre las vacunas/vacunación contra el COVID-19. La polémica sobre las vacunas/vacunación está relacionada con la crisis de experticia en la toma de decisiones sanitarias.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232025305.14472023

The politicisation of vaccines and its influence on Brazilian caregivers’ opinions on childhood routine vaccination
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Matos, Camila Carvalho de Souza Amorim

; Avelino-Silva, Vivian I.

; Couto, Marcia Thereza

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2025, Volume 30 N. 1 elocation e08102023

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Declínios progressivos nas coberturas vacinais vêm sendo registrados no Brasil nos últimos anos. A pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe ainda mais desafios para esse cenário. Considerando a pandemia como um acontecimento, objetivou-se analisar a politização das vacinas sob a perspectiva de cuidadores de crianças pequenas. Esta pesquisa qualitativa foi conduzida em duas capitais brasileiras: São Luís (Maranhão) e Florianópolis (Santa Catarina). O estudo incluiu famílias com crianças de até 6 anos de idade que fossem total ou parcialmente vacinadas, bem como crianças completamente não vacinadas. Utilizou-se amostragem por bola de neve. Entrevistas em profundidade foram conduzidas entre março de 2021 e abril de 2022. Foram entrevistados 48 cuidadores, em sua maioria mães. O estudo revelou que, independentemente da posição prévia em relação às vacinas, o acontecimento sanitário-político da pandemia de COVID-19 abalou crenças e atitudes acerca da vacinação infantil. Os resultados demonstraram, ainda, que a pandemia levou a atrasos na imunização infantil de rotina e fez com que cuidadores buscassem por serviços privados de saúde. Por fim, os resultados revelam a politização das vacinas como um novo fenômeno a ser enfrentado no contexto brasileiro.

Abstract Progressive declines in vaccination coverage have been recorded in Brazil in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced even more challenges to this scenario. Considering the pandemic as an event, the scope of this article was to analyze the politicization of vaccines from the perspective of caregivers of young children. This qualitative research was conducted in two Brazilian state capitals, namely São Luís (Maranhão) and Florianópolis (Santa Catarina). The study included families with children up to 6 years of age who were fully or partially vaccinated, as well as children who had never been vaccinated. Snowball sampling was used and in-depth interviews were conducted between March 2021 and April 2022. Forty-eight caregivers, most of them mothers, were interviewed. The study revealed that, regardless of their previous stance regarding vaccines, the health-political event of the COVID-19 pandemic shook beliefs and attitudes about childhood vaccination. The results also showed that the pandemic led to delays in routine childhood immunization and caused caregivers to seek private health services. Finally, the results reveal the politicization of vaccines as a new phenomenon to be addressed in the Brazilian context.

Resumen En los últimos años se han registrado descensos progresivos en la cobertura de vacunación en Brasil. La pandemia de COVID-19 trajo aún más desafíos a este escenario. Considerando la pandemia como un evento, este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar la politización de las vacunas desde la perspectiva de los cuidadores de niños pequeños. Esta investigación cualitativa se realizó en dos capitales brasileñas São Luís (Maranhão) y Florianópolis (Santa Catarina). El estudio incluyó familias con niños de hasta 6 años que estaban total o parcialmente vacunados, así como niños completamente no vacunados. Se utilizó el muestreo de bola de nieve. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad entre marzo de 2021 y abril de 2022 con 48 cuidadores, en su mayoría madres. El estudio reveló que, independientemente de la postura previa en relación a las vacunas, el acontecimiento político-sanitario de la pandemia de COVID-19 sacudió creencias y actitudes sobre la vacunación infantil. Los resultados también demostraron que la pandemia provocó retrasos en la vacunación infantil de rutina y provocó que los cuidadores buscaran servicios de salud privados. Finalmente, los resultados revelan la politización de las vacunas como un fenómeno nuevo a enfrentar en el contexto brasileño.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232025301.08102023

The politicisation of vaccines and its influence on Brazilian caregivers’ opinions on childhood routine vaccination
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Matos, Camila Carvalho de Souza Amorim

; Avelino-Silva, Vivian I.

; Couto, Marcia Thereza

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2025, Volume 30 N. 1 elocation e08102023

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232025301.08102023

Use of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium as a clinical sign of familial adenomatous polyposis
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Carvalho, Adriana Amaral

; Crespo, Thaísa Soares

; Násser, Luciano Sólia

; Maia, Célia Márcia Fernandes

; Fonseca, Cláudia de Alvarenga Diniz

; Silveira, Christine Mendes

; Amaral, Juliana Bastos

; Martelli, Daniella Reis Barbosa

; Martelli Júnior, Hercílio

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2025, Volume 88 N. 3 elocation e2023-0115

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the presence of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in a large family affected by familial adenomatous polyposis and identify the causative mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene. Thus, we aimed to determine the significance of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium as a phenotypic marker of the disease. Methods: A family consisting of 95 individuals was evaluated. Among these, 45 individuals were randomly selected by convenience sampling method to undergo ophthalmological evaluation. A funduscopic exam, including slit lamp and indirect ophthalmoscopy, were performed in the selected patients. In those with retinal lesions, a retinography was obtained. The adenomatous polyposis coli gene was sequenced in one affected family member to identify the pathogenic mutation. Once the variant was identified, six undiagnosed family members were tested for the mutation via capillary electrophoresis sequencing. Results: Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium was observed in 13 (28.9%) of the 45 individuals evaluated. Of these, nine patients were confirmed to have familial adenomatous polyposis (via colonoscopy or molecular testing). However, four patients had not been investigated. Of the 32 (71.1%) family members without the lesion, 14 did not have familial adenomatous polyposis and 18 were yet to be evaluated. The lesions were bilaterally present and exhibited a peculiar fish-tail shape in all the evaluated individuals. Adenomatous polyposis coli gene sequencing revealed a pathogenic variant c.4031del. (Ser1344*), in heterozygosity (49.27%), in exon 16. Conclusions: The study findings confirmed the significance of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium as a phenotypic marker for familial adenomatous polyposis. Furthermore, it is an effective first-line screening method for at risk family members of such patients. The novel mutation identified in our study participants, which is yet to be described in the literature, causes an aggressive form of the disease.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2023-0115

Fluconazole Resistance and Heteroresistance in Cryptococcus spp.: Mechanisms and Implications
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Moreira, Izabela de Mesquita Bárcia

; Sousa, Naira Sulany Oliveira de

; Almeida, Juan Diego Ribeiro de

; Rosas Filho, Robert Langlady Lira

; Cruz, Katia Santana

; Matsuura, Ani Beatriz Jackisch

; Melhem, Márcia de Souza Carvalho

; Souza, Érica Simplício de

; Frickmann, Hagen

; Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães

; Souza, João Vicente Braga de

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2025, Volume 58 elocation e00200-2025

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The reference methodology for evaluating antifungal susceptibility is based on determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), which is the lowest drug concentration capable of inhibiting fungal growth. However, such MIC data are insufficient to measure antifungal susceptibility if a strain is heteroresistant to the tested drug. In such cases, a minority subpopulation of fungal cells, originating from an initially susceptible lineage, can grow at antifungal drug concentrations above the MIC. In studies on fluconazole heteroresistance in Cryptococcus spp., chromosomal disomy has been shown to result in the overexpression of two genes located on chromosome 1 (Chr1) linked to antifungal resistance: ERG11 and AFR1. This review addresses the underlying mechanisms of antifungal resistance, the evolution of methods for determining antifungal susceptibility, and the clinical implications of Cryptococcus heteroresistance to fluconazole. The analysis of the findings indicated a correlation between heteroresistance and adverse clinical outcomes, although this observation still lacks definite confirmation in the literature. This highlights the need to implement more efficient therapeutic strategies and improve antifungal susceptibility and heteroresistance testing.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0328-2024

‘BRS Gaia’: A red-skinned potato cultivar with high dry matter content for fresh market
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Pereira, Arione S

; Silva, Giovani O

; Carvalho, Agnaldo DF

; Castro, Caroline M

; Emygdio, Beatriz M

; Azevedo, Fernanda Q

; Bortoletto, Antonio C

; Eicholz, Eberson D

; Ragassi, Carlos F

; Ueno, Bernardo

; Coradin, Juliana H

; Dutra, Leonardo F

; Lopes, Carlos A

; Pinheiro, Jadir B

; Lourenço Junior, Valdir

; Gomes, Cesar B

; Lima, Mirtes F

; Lima, Natércia LP

; Maldonade, Iriani R

; Pilon, Lucimeire

; Ferri, Núbia ML

; Krolow, Ana CR

; Jorge, Rogério O

; Castro, Luis AS

; Feldberg, Nelson P

; Heiden, Gustavo

; Reisser Junior, Carlos

; Vizzotto, Márcia

Horticultura Brasileira

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2025, Volume 43 elocation e289822

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO ‘BRS Gaia’ é uma cultivar de batata vermelha, com alto teor de matéria seca e tubérculos de aparência atrativa. Os tubérculos são ovais, com gemas superficiais, película ligeiramente áspera e polpa amarela. Apresenta baixa suscetibilidade ao esverdeamento de pós-colheita. A maturidade de ramas e a dormência dos tubérculos são médias. É moderadamente suscetível à requeima e à pinta-preta. ‘BRS Gaia’ apresenta nível intermediário de resistência (tolerância) à murcha bacteriana, o que confere a ela significativa vantagem comparativa em relação às cultivares tradicionais para o controle integrado de doenças em áreas infestadas pela bactéria Ralstonia solanacearum. Possui baixa suscetibilidade à deformação dos tubérculos por altas temperaturas. Embora o principal destino seja o mercado de fresco, ‘BRS Gaia’ também pode ser utilizada por restaurantes para batatas fritas minimamente processadas e para processamento em batata palha. ‘BRS Gaia’ foi lançada em 2023 e é produto do programa de melhoramento genético de batata da Embrapa, desenvolvido pela Embrapa Clima Temperado, em Pelotas-RS e Canoinhas-SC, e pela Embrapa Hortaliças, em Brasília-DF, Brasil.

ABSTRACT ‘BRS Gaia’ is a red-skinned potato cultivar with high dry matter and attractive tuber appearance. Its tubers are oval, with shallow eyes, slightly rough skin, yellow flesh and low susceptibility to post-harvest greening. The vine maturity and tuber dormancy are medium. It is moderately susceptible to late and early blight. ‘BRS Gaia’ has an intermediate level of resistance (tolerance) to bacterial wilt, which gives it a significant comparative advantage over traditional cultivars for disease management in areas infested by the bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum. It has low susceptibility to tuber deformation due to high temperature. Although the main destination is for the fresh market, ‘BRS Gaia’ can also be used by restaurants for fresh cut fries and for processing into shoestrings. 'BRS Gaia' was released in 2023 through Embrapa’s potato breeding program, developed by Embrapa Clima Temperado, in Pelotas-RS and Canoinhas-SC, and Embrapa Hortaliças, in Brasilia-DF, Brazil

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2025-e289822

Desvantagem, fadiga vocal e qualidade de vida em voz em pacientes com Esclerose Múltipla
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Santiago, Raí dos Santos

; Araújo, Jaya Miranda Carvalho de

; Nascimento, Márcia Helena Cassago

; Anhoque, Carolina Fiorin

; Neves, Alana Tagarro

; Depolli, Gabriel Trevizani

; Castrillo, Bruno Batitucci

; Dias, Paula Zago Melo

; Vanzo, Regina Eliza Albano

; Nascimento, Carla Carvalho

; Barauna, Valerio Garrone

; Rodrigues, Lívia Carla de Melo

CoDAS

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2025, Volume 37 N. 1 elocation e20230320

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo descrever características sociodemográficas de indivíduos com esclerose múltipla, correlacionar e comparar a fadiga, desvantagem vocal e a qualidade de vida em voz de indivíduos com e sem a doença. Método Estudo transversal, quantitativo e com 52 voluntários com esclerose múltipla e 52 voluntários-controle, pareados por sexo, idade e escolaridade. Dados sociodemográficos e clínicos foram coletados com questionário e análise de prontuários. Os participantes responderam ao Índice de Desvantagem Vocal reduzido (IDV-10), Índice de Fadiga Vocal (IFV) e Qualidade de Vida em Voz (QVV). Análises correlacionais e comparativas foram realizadas, com um nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Resultado Maior predomínio de participantes diagnosticados com esclerose múltipla do sexo feminino, média de 40 anos, ensino médio completo e curso da doença do tipo remitente-recorrente. Houve correlação positiva entre a desvantagem e a fadiga vocal, e correlação negativa entre a desvantagem e fadiga vocal com a qualidade de vida em voz em ambos os grupos. Além disso, os participantes com esclerose múltipla ultrapassaram as notas de corte do IDV-10 e do IFV e ficaram abaixo da nota de corte do QVV. Conclusão Houve prevalência da doença em indivíduos jovens do sexo feminino, escolarizados e do tipo remitente-recorrente. Quanto maior a desvantagem e/ou a fadiga vocal, menor é a qualidade de vida em voz em ambos os grupos. No entanto, pessoas com esclerose múltipla autorreferem maior desvantagem e fadiga vocal, além de menor qualidade de vida relacionada à voz.

ABSTRACT Purpose to describe sociodemographic characteristics of individuals with multiple sclerosis and correlate and compare vocal fatigue, voice handicap, and voice-related quality of life of individuals with and without the disease. Methods Cross-sectional, quantitative study with 52 volunteers with multiple sclerosis and 52 control volunteers, matched by sex, age, and education level. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected through a questionnaire and medical record analysis. Participants responded to the reduced Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10), Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI), and Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL). Correlational and comparative analyses were performed, with a 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Results There was a greater predominance of females diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, with a mean age of 40 years, who graduated from high school, and with a relapsing-remitting disease course. Voice handicap was positively correlated with vocal fatigue, and voice handicap and vocal fatigue were negatively correlated with voice-related quality of life in both groups. Participants with multiple sclerosis exceeded the VHI-10 and VFI cutoff scores and were below the V-RQOL cutoff score. Conclusion There was a prevalence of the disease in young, educated females with relapsing-remitting disease. The greater the voice handicap and/or vocal fatigue, the lower the voice-related quality of life in both groups. However, people with multiple sclerosis self-reported greater voice handicap and vocal fatigue and poorer voice-related quality of life.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/e20230320pt

FIBER QUALITY INDICES OF Corymbia spp. AND Eucalyptus spp. WOOD FOR THE SELECTION OF GENETIC MATERIALS FOR PULP PRODUCTION
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Sousa Júnior, Wagner Patrício de

; Carvalho, Ana Márcia Macedo Ladeira

; Carneiro, Angélica de Cássia Oliveira

; Demuner, Iara Fontes

; Oliveira, Rudson Silva

; Reis, Lilian Alves Carvalho

; Lopes, Leila Aparecida

; Moretti, Sherellyn Daphnee Alves

Revista Árvore

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2025, Volume 49 elocation e4904

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A indicação de materiais genéticos para obtenção de polpa celulósica e produção de papel requer a comprovação da eficiência em relação ao desempenho silvicultural e de processamento na indústria. Neste contexto, buscou-se neste trabalho selecionar materiais genéticos de Eucalyptus spp. e Corymbia spp. para produção de polpas celulósicas destinadas à produção de papel, por meio de análise de agrupamento, a partir das características morfológicas dos principais elementos anatômicos da madeira, rendimento depurado da polpa marrom e índices de qualidade das fibras (Índices de Runkel, enfeltramento, Mulsteph e coeficiente de flexibilidade). Foram avaliados 16 materiais genéticos, sendo colhidas três árvores de diâmetro médio por tratamento, aos 81 meses de idade e espaçamento de plantio 6x1,5m, provenientes de plantios situados na cidade de Itamarandiba/MG. Para as medições das dimensões das fibras e vasos em microscópio ótico utilizou-se o software Axiovision 4.8. As informações sobre o rendimento depurado da polpação para estes materiais genéticos foram obtidas na literatura. Na análise de agrupamento foram obtidos três grupos distintos de materiais genéticos. Observou-se no grupo I a predominância de híbridos com fibras mais compridas e menos flexíveis (Índice de Runkel >1, fração parede >50% e Coeficiente de flexibilidade <50%), mais adequadas para a fabricação de papéis absorventes. Em relação aos grupos II e III, os materiais genéticos tiveram representantes com maiores rendimentos depurados nas polpações (>52,0%), menores frações paredes (<50%) e outros índices de qualidade das fibras que indicaram a predominância de fibras mais flexíveis (Coeficiente de flexibilidade >50% e Índice de enfeltramento >51%), mais adequadas principalmente para fabricação papéis resistentes ao rasgo e ao arrebentamento, destinados para embalagens e sacarias.

ABSTRACT The selection of genetic materials for obtaining cellulosic pulp and paper production necessitates evidence of efficiency in terms of silvicultural performance and industrial processing. In this context, this study aimed to select genetic materials from Eucalyptus spp. and Corymbia spp. for pulp production. The selection was achieved through cluster analysis, based on the morphological traits of the main anatomical elements of the wood, the screened brown pulp yield, and fiber quality indices (Runkel ratio, slenderness ratio, Mulsteph coefficient, and flexibility coefficient). Sixteen genetic materials were evaluated, each represented by three trees of average diameter, collected at 81 months of age with a planting spacing of 6x1.5 m, from plantations located in the municipality of Itamarandiba - MG, Brazil. Axiovision 4.8 software was used to measure the dimensions of fibers and vessels under an optical microscope. Information regarding the screened pulping yield for these genetic materials was obtained from literature. Three distinct groups of genetic materials emerged from cluster analysis. In group I, hybrids with longer and less flexible fibers (Runkel ratio >1, wall fraction >50%, and flexibility coefficient <50%) predominated, making them more suitable for manufacturing absorbent papers. In contrast, groups II and III comprised genetic materials with higher screened yields (>52.0%), lower wall fractions (<50%), and other fiber quality indices indicating a predominance of more flexible fibers (flexibility coefficient >50% and slenderness ratio >51%). These fibers are primarily more suitable for producing tearand burst-resistant papers, intended for packaging and bags.

https://doi.org/10.53661/1806-9088202549263840

Antioxidant potential of pequi esters (Caryocar coriaceum) in bovine semen cryopreservation and in vitro fertilization
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Lustosa, Micherlene da Silva Carneiro

; Branco, Yndyra Nayan Teixeira Carvalho Castelo

; Moura, Raniel Lustosa de

; Branco, Marlon de Araújo Castelo

; Nascimento, Isolda Márcia Rocha do

; Silva, Jefferson Hallison Lustosa da

; Carvalho, Geraldo Magela Cortes

; Câmara, Talita Soares

; Rodrigues, Samara Dias Cardoso

; Brito, Bruna Farias

; Figueiredo, Francisco Cardoso

; Souza, José Adalmir Torres de

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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2025, Volume 26 elocation 80138E

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A criopreservação de sêmen bovino é um procedimento fundamental na reprodução animal, mas está associada à produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS), que podem causar danos significativos aos espermatozoides. Esses danos estão relacionados à infertilidade e à diminuição da qualidade espermática. Nesse contexto, a utilização de diluidores seminais enriquecidos com antioxidantes representa uma estratégia promissora para minimizar ou até reverter esses efeitos deletérios. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes concentrações de ésteres de pequi (Caryocar coriaceum) como suplementação ao diluente de criopreservação de sêmen bovino. Foram coletados 42 ejaculados de seis touros, submetidos ao exame andrológico e considerados aptos. As amostras foram analisadas, diluídas em Tris-gema, suplementadas com ésteres de pequi (0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5 mL/L), envasadas e criopreservadas. Os parâmetros espermáticos avaliados no sêmen pós-descongelamento incluíram o teste de termorresistência fisiológica (TTR), a funcionalidade da membrana plasmática (HOST), as taxas de clivagem e blastocisto, bem como a quantificação de glutationa reduzida e de malondialdeído (MDA). Os resultados mostraram que as concentrações de 1,0 e 1,5 mL/L de ésteres de pequi reduziram significativamente a concentração de malondialdeído no sêmen criopreservado. No entanto, não foram observados efeitos significativos dos ésteres de pequi nos parâmetros de motilidade, funcionalidade espermática, taxas de clivagem e blastocisto, ou na quantificação da glutationa reduzida. Conclui-se que a suplementação com os ésteres de pequi (1,0 e 1,5 mL/L) na criopreservação de sêmen bovino pode ser benéfica para minimizar os efeitos da peroxidação lipídica dos espermatozoides, uma vez que houve redução na concentração de malondialdeído pós-descongelamento.

Abstract Bovine semen cryopreservation is a fundamental procedure in animal reproduction. However, it is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause significant damage to spermatozoa, leading to infertility and reduced sperm quality. In this context, using seminal diluents enriched with antioxidants presents a promising strategy for minimizing or even reversing these harmful effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of pequi (Caryocar coriaceum) esters as a supplement to bovine semen cryopreservation diluents. Forty-two ejaculates were collected from six bulls that had undergone an andrological examination and were deemed suitable. The samples were analyzed, diluted in Tris-egg yolk medium, supplemented with pequi esters (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mL/L), packaged, and cryopreserved. The sperm parameters evaluated in the post-thaw semen included the thermoresistance, plasma membrane functionality, cleavage and blastocyst rates, and quantification of reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde. The results showed that the concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5 mL/L of pequi esters significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels in cryopreserved semen. However, no significant effects of pequi esters were observed on motility parameters, sperm functionality, cleavage and blastocyst rates, or on the quantification of reduced glutathione. Supplementation with pequi ester (1.0 and 1.5 mL/L) in the cryopreservation of bovine semen may be beneficial in minimizing lipid peroxidation effects, as evidenced by the reduction in malondialdehyde concentration after thawing.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v26e-80138e

10.

Rediscovering forgotten collections and their impact on society for the preservation of threatened archaeological sites
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LELES, DANIELA

; MILLAR, PATRICIA

; MATTOS, DANUZA

; SOUZA, SHEILA M. DE

; RODRIGUES-CARVALHO, CLAUDIA

; GASPAR, MADU

; MACARIO, KITA

; BASTOS, MURILO

; MICHEL, RICARDO

; TSCHOEKE, DIOGO

; CHAVES, SERGIO

; CHAME, MARCIA

; CLUA, ESTEBAN

; BARBOZA, SARAH

; MENEZES, LETÍCIA DE

; FALHEIRO, CLARISSE

; RIBEIRO, ALINE

; ALVES, ELIZABETH

; SALDANHA, BRUNA

; GARCIA, ANDERSON

; PUCU, ELISA

; XAVIER, MORGANA

; MARTINS, AMANDA

; SUDRÉ, ADRIANA

; BRENER, BEATRIZ

; TIZUKA, MICHELLE M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2025, Volume 97 N. 1 elocation e20241328

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520241328

11.

Guidelines for Parkinson's disease management part II: consensus from the movement disorders scientific department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology – non-motor symptoms
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Palma Maia, Débora

; Cury, Rubens Gisbert

; Brandão, Pedro Renato P.

; Cardoso, Francisco E. C.

; Bertholo, Ana Paula

; Felicio, André Carvalho

; Hilbig, Arlete

; Lopes Santos Lobato, Bruno

; Rozária F. Barbosa, Eline

; B. Quagliato, Elizabeth Maria A.

; C. Sousa, Gustavo H.

; Bezerra Parmera, Jacy

; Rúbia, Márcia

; Della Coletta, Marcus Vinícius

; Rocha, Maria Sheila Guimarães

; Spitz, Mariana

; Haddad, Mônica

; Murta, Nina Rosa A. F.

; Caramelli, Paulo

; Rodrigues, Raimundo N. D.

; Nitrini, Ricardo

; Prado, Roberto

; Tumas, Vitor

; Corrêa Neto, Ylmar

; Saba, Roberta Arb

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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2025, Volume 83 N. 1 elocation s00451802962

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is a challenge, especially because it is considered highly individualized. The Brazilian Academy of Neurology (ABN) has identified the need to disseminate knowledge about its management, adapting the best evidence to the Brazilian population. The present article aims to report the recommendations for the treatment of non-motor symptoms of PD, developed by a group of specialists in movement disorders from the ABN's scientific department. In 2021, the first part, referring to the motor symptoms of PD, was published. The main non-motor symptoms were addressed—among them neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, cognitive alteration, and psychosis—as well as the possible recommended therapies and medications used to control pain, sleep disorders, and dysautonomia.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1802962

12.

Safety of two-dose schedule of COVID-19 adsorbed inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac; Sinovac/Butantan) and heterologous additional doses of mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals
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Miyaji, Karina Takesaki

; Ibrahim, Karim Yaqub

; Infante, Vanessa

; Moreira, Raquel Megale

; Santos, Carolina Ferreira dos Belizário, Juliana de Cássia Pinto, Maria Isabel de Moraes Marinho, Ana Karolina Barreto Berselli Pereira, Juliana Marquezi Mello, Liliane Saraiva de Silva, Vitor Gabriel Lopes da Sato, Paula Keiko Strabelli, Tânia Mara Varejão Ragiotto, Lucas Pacheco, Pedro Henrique Theotonio de Mesquita Braga, Patricia Emilia Loch, Ana Paula Precioso, Alexander Roberto Sartori, Ana Marli Christovam França, João Ítalo Lima, Marcos Alves de Ando, Mauricio Cesar Sampaio Rodrigues, Camila Cristina Martini Song, Alice Tung Wan Lara, Amanda Nazareth Belizário, Ana Cristina Lima, Anna Helena Simões Bortulucci de Zanetti, Ariane Cristina Barboza Paulo, Audrey Rose da Silveira Amancio de Rosa, Barbara Miranda dos Santos Moraes, Bruna Del Guerra de Carvalho Oliveira, Bruna Ribeiro de Picone, Camila de Melo Aranda, Carolina Sanches Troli, Carolinne Paioli Kokron, Cristina M. Terrabuio, Debora Raquel Benedita Abdala, Edson David Neto, Elias Nakanishi, Érika Yoshie Shimoda Lima, Fabiana Mascarenhas Souza Firmino, Fabio Batista Santos, Fernanda Barone Alves dos Bacal, Fernando Fatobene, Giancarlo Santana, Jaqueline Oliveira Kalil, Jorge Barbosa, Julia Gonçalves, Leandro Peres Otuyama, Leonardo Jun Pierrotti, Ligia Camera Compte, Livia Caroline Mariano Marinho, Livia Chaer, Livia Netto Seguro, Luis Fernando Azevedo, Luiz Sergio Ueda, Márcia Aiko Terreri, Maria Teresa Barros, Myrthes Anna Maragna Toledo Grecco, Octávio Sejas, Odeli Nicole Encinas Musqueira, Priscila Tavares Ito, Raquel Keiko de Luca Teixeira, Samia Silveira Souza Fidalgo, Serafim Costa, Silvia Figueiredo Campos, Silvia Vidal Fernandes, Tamiris Hinsching Rocha, Vanderson Geraldo Coelho, Vivian Caso

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2025, Volume 67 elocation e2

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Immunocompromised individuals were considered high-risk for severe disease due to SARS COV-2 infection. This study aimed to describe the safety of two doses of COVID-19 adsorbed inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac; Sinovac/Butantan), followed by additional doses of mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) in immunocompromised (IC) adults, compared to immunocompetent/healthy (H) individuals. This phase 4, multicenter, open label study included solid organ transplant and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, cancer patients and people with inborn errors of immunity with defects in antibody production, rheumatic, end-stage chronic kidney or liver disease, who were enrolled in the IC group. Participants received two doses of CoronaVac and additional doses of mRNA BNT162b2. Adverse reactions (AR) data were collected within seven days after each vaccination. Serious adverse events and of special interest (AESI) were monitored throughout the study. We included 241 immunocompromised and 100 immunocompetent subjects. Arthralgia, fatigue, myalgia, and nausea were more frequent in the IC group after CoronaVac. Following the first additional dose of mRNA BNT162, pain, induration, and tenderness at injection site, fatigue and myalgia were more frequent in the H group. A heart transplant recipient had a graft rejection temporally associated with the second CoronaVac dose, but there was no literature evidence of causal association. Four cases of AESI were considered related to the vaccine: three erythema multiforme after CoronaVac, all in IC participants, and one paresthesia after mRNA, in a H participant. Our findings were comparable to other studies that evaluated the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in different immunocompromised populations. Both vaccines were safe for immunocompromised participants.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202567002

13.

Determination of Lisdexamfetamine in Human Plasma by LC-MS/MS Method
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Silva, Alex A. R.

; Coelho, Lilia L. D.

; Sánchez-Luquez, Karen Y.

; Garcia, Pedro H. D.

; Boldin, Renata Silveira, Anne M. R. Antonio, Marcia A. Porcari, Andreia M. Carvalho, Patrícia O.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2025, Volume 36 N. 4 elocation e-20240178

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Lisdexamfetamine is a prodrug that is converted to d-amphetamine in the body, mainly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults. Its mechanism involves the enhancement of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine, which are critical for attention and behavioral regulation. With the upcoming patent expiration of Vyvanse®, bioanalytical methods for the quantification of lisdexamfetamine in plasma are needed for use in pharmacokinetic studies. In this work, we developed and validated a sensitive bioanalytical method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for lisdexamfetamine quantification in human plasma. The method developed was performed for 4 min per sample and using the concentration range of 0.3-100 ng mL-1. Intra-batch, inter-batch and instrument reproducibility, the precision was lower than 10%. The results demonstrated that the method is rapid, sensitive, robust, and suitable for pharmacokinetic studies.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20240178

14.

Factors associated with the implementation of the partogram as a facilitating technology in childbirth care
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Rodrigues, Maryana Vieira

; Costa, Poliane Moreira

; Fonseca, Paulo Henrique Nogueira da

; Carvalho, Arlessandro Pinto de Sousa

; Romano, Márcia Christina Caetano

; Oliveira, Virgínia Junqueira

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2025, Volume 46 elocation e20240015

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a implementação do partograma como uma tecnologia facilitadora na assistência ao parto e fatores associados. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em uma maternidade do município de Divinópolis, MG, no ano de 2023. Utilizou-se formulário estruturado sobre a assistência ao parto aplicado às puérperas reunindo dados clínicos e caderneta da gestante. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva dos dados e, para verificar as associações, foram utilizados o Teste exato de Fisher, Qui quadrado de Pearson e Mann Whitney. Os resultados consideraram significância em 5%. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 213 puérperas. As boas práticas efetivas incluíam a presença do acompanhante (94,4%) e a administração de ocitocina após o período expulsivo (92,5%). Obteve-se informações sobre o partograma em 180 (84,5%) prontuários. Entre estes a prevalência de partos que tiveram acompanhamento com o registro dos profissionais no partograma foi de 36,6%. O preenchimento do partograma foi maior no caso de puérperas casadas (p=0,027) e aquelas que tiveram ruptura prematura de membrana (p=0,029). Conclusões: O partograma foi implementado de forma incipiente na maternidade e seu preenchimento foi mais frequente no prontuário de puérperas casadas e as que tiveram ruptura prematura de membrana.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la implementación del partograma como tecnología facilitadora en la atención del parto y factores asociados. Método: Estudio transversal realizado en una maternidad de la ciudad de Divinópolis, MG, en 2023. Se utilizó un formulario estructurado sobre la atención del parto aplicado a las puérperas, recogiendo datos clínicos y el cuaderno de la gestante. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo de los datos y se utilizó la prueba exacta de Fisher, la prueba Chi-cuadrado de Pearson y la prueba de Mann Whitney para verificar las asociaciones. Los resultados consideraron significancia al 5%. Resultados: Participaron de la investigación 213 puérperas. Las buenas prácticas efectivas incluyeron la presencia de un acompañante (94,4%) y la administración de oxitocina después del período de expulsión (92,5%). La prevalencia de nacimientos que fueron acompañados con el registro de los profesionales en el partograma fue del 36,6%. La finalización del partograma fue mayor en el caso de puérperas casadas (p=0,027) y en aquellas que presentaron rotura prematura de membranas (p=0,029). Conclusiones: El Partograma se implementó de manera incipiente en la maternidad y se completó con mayor frecuencia en los prontuarios de las puérperas casadas y de aquellas que presentaron rotura prematura de membranas.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the implementation of the partogram as a facilitating technology in childbirth care and associated factors. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted in a maternity hospital in the city of Divinópolis, MG, in 2023. A structured questionnaire on childbirth care was applied to the puerperal women, gathering clinical data and the pregnant woman’s booklet. Descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed, and Fisher’s exact test, Pearson’s Chi-square test and Mann Whitney test were used to verify associations. The results considered significance level at 5%. Results: 213 puerperal women participated in the research. Effective best practices included the presence of a companion (94.4%) and the administration of oxytocin after the expulsion period (92.5%). Information about the partogram was obtained from 180 (84.5%) medical records. Among these, the prevalence of births that were monitored with the professionals’ entries in the partogram was 36.6%. The partogram was more frequently completed in the records of married puerperal women (p=0.027) and those who had premature rupture of membranes (p=0.029). Conclusions: The Partogram was implemented in an incipient manner in the maternity ward and was more frequently completed in the medical records of married puerperal women and those who had premature rupture of membranes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2025.20240015.en

15.

Acesso e acessibilidade na Atenção Primária à Saúde: experiências de pessoas com hanseníase
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Souza, Charles Victor Gomes de

; Sá, Carolyny Rosa Freire de

; Vale, Camila Carvalho do

; Matos, Widson Davi Vaz de

; Ferreira, Márcia de Assunção

; Palmeira, Iaci Proença

Escola Anna Nery

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2025, Volume 29 elocation e20240111

Abstract: En Pt Es | Text: En Pt Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objective to examine the access and accessibility barriers faced by individuals affected by leprosy in meeting their healthcare needs. Methods this is a descriptive, qualitative study conducted between November 2021 and February 2022 in four Basic Health Units in Belém, Pará. A total of 29 individuals diagnosed with leprosy participated in the study. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews. The textual corpus was analyzed using IRAMUTEQ software. Results Data processing generated 366 text segments and revealed six lexical classes. Lexical class 5 encompasses aspects related to treatment and the availability of medications at Health Units, the quality of care provided by healthcare professionals, and the absence of adequate health education. The conflict between the activities carried out by the Leprosy Control Program in Health Units and the principles of the Brazilian Unified Health System becomes evident through the challenges surrounding access and accessibility to treatment. Final considerations and implications for practice Overcoming territorial and regional challenges is crucial for the successful implementation of leprosy control measures within primary care. Urgent action is needed to reassess the shift scheduling process. Ongoing professional education, coupled with health education for users, creates a more welcoming environment and better addresses patients’ needs.

RESUMO Objetivo identificar as dificuldades de acesso e acessibilidade de pessoas com hanseníase para atender às suas demandas de saúde. Método estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado entre novembro de 2021 e fevereiro de 2022 em quatro Unidades Básicas de Saúde em Belém, Pará. Participaram 29 usuários diagnosticados com hanseníase. Os dados foram produzidos por entrevista individual e semiestruturada. O corpus foi submetido ao software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados o processamento dos dados resultou em 366 seguimentos de textos e seis classes lexicais. A classe lexical 5 alude ao tratamento e disponibilidade dos medicamentos oferecidos pelas Unidades de Saúde, o bom trato dos profissionais e a ausência de educação em saúde. O antagonismo entre as atividades desenvolvidas pelo Programa de Controle da Hanseníase nas Unidades de Saúde e os Princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde se evidencia com as dificuldades de acesso e acessibilidade ao tratamento. Considerações finais e implicações para a prática peculiaridades territoriais e regionais precisam ser vencidas para que as ações de controle da hanseníase na atenção primária possam se desenvolver. A revisão da rotina nos turnos de agendamentos é urgente. Educação permanente dos profissionais e educação em saúde aos usuários ampliam o acolhimento e contribuem para o atendimento das demandas dos usuários.

RESUMEN Objetivo identificar las dificultades de acceso y accesibilidad de las personas con lepra para satisfacer sus demandas de salud. Métodos estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, realizado entre noviembre de 2021 y febrero de 2022 en cuatro Unidades Básicas de Salud de Belém, Pará. Participaron 29 usuarios diagnosticados con lepra. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de entrevistas individuales y semiestructuradas. El corpus fue sometido al software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados el procesamiento de datos resultó en 366 segmentos de texto y seis clases léxicas. La clase léxica 5 alude al trato y disponibilidad de medicamentos que ofrecen las Unidades de Salud, el buen trato de los profesionales y la falta de educación sanitaria. El antagonismo entre las actividades desarrolladas por el Programa de Control de la Lepra en Unidades de Salud y los Principios del Sistema Único de Salud se evidencia con las dificultades en el acceso y accesibilidad al tratamiento. Consideraciones finales e implicaciones para la práctica es necesario superar las peculiaridades territoriales y regionales para poder desarrollar acciones de control de la lepra en la atención primaria. La revisión en la rutina de programación de turnos es impostergable. La educación permanente de los profesionales y la educación en salud de los usuarios amplían la acogida y contribuyen a satisfacer las demandas de los usuarios.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2024-0111pt

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