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ABSTRACT Overcoming malnutrition in all its forms, which is also manifested in the obesity epidemic, is one of the priorities of the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals. This article presents reflections on food insecurity in Brazil, based on topics such as population growth, climate change, biodiversity and traditional and regenerative food systems; it also addresses the role of social initiatives to guarantee the Human Right to Adequate Food. The Nutrition and Poverty Research Group, Planetary Health - Brazil Group, and the Center for Artificial Intelligence (C4AI) - AgriBio Axis, assume that the organized and systemic resumption of the initiatives mentioned out in this position paper can contribute to the articulation between research, public policies and services, to combat all forms of malnutrition, as a complex and priority problem to ensure social welfare.

RESUMO O combate à má alimentação em todas as suas formas, que também se expressa na epidemia da obesidade, é uma das prioridades da Agenda 2030 e dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Este artigo traz elementos sobre insegurança alimentar no Brasil, a partir de temas relativos ao crescimento populacional, mudanças climáticas, biodiversidade e sistemas alimentares tradicionais e regenerativos; trata também do papel dos movimentos sociais para a garantia do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada. O Grupo de Pesquisa em Nutrição e Pobreza, o Saúde Planetária Brasil, e o Centro de Inteligência Artificial (C4AI) - Eixo AgriBio, entendem que a retomada organizada e sistêmica das frentes apontadas neste artigo de posicionamento, pode constituir um caminho para a articulação entre pesquisa, serviço e políticas públicas na direção do combate à fome e às demais manifestações da má alimentação, enquanto problema complexo prioritário para a garantia do bem-estar social.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-4014.2023.37109.012

[SciELO Preprints] - Anxiety and depression symptoms in university students from public institutions of higher education in Brazil during the covid-19 pandemic: a multicenter study
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Barbosa, Bruna Carolina Rafael Paula, Waléria de Ferreira, Aline Dayrell Freitas, Eulilian Dias de Chagas, Carolina Martins dos Santos Oliveira, Helian Nunes de Ferreira, Lívia Garcia Silva, Luciana Saraiva da Vidigal, Fernanda de Carvalho Nobre, Luciana Neri Machado, Elaine Leandro Cardoso, Clareci Silva Meireles, Adriana Lúcia

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Publication date: 2023-05-25

Abstract: En

This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study carried out with students regularly enrolled in undergraduate courses at eight Brazilian IFES. Data collection was conducted between October 2021 and February 2022 using an online self-completed questionnaire, which addressed sociodemographic and academic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and health conditions. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Variables were analyzed descriptively using frequency distribution and Pearson’s chi-square test. To estimate the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression, the proportion and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used. The level of adopted statistical significance was 5%.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.6080

Desafios da imunização contra COVID-19 na saúde pública: das fake news à hesitação vacinal
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Silva, Gabriela Martins

; Sousa, Antonia Aline Rocha de

; Almeida, Sabrina Maria Carreiro

; Sá, Itamara Carvalho de

; Barros, Fátima Rosane

; Sousa Filho, José Edson Santana

; Graça, José Mateus Bezerra da

; Maciel, Nathanael de Souza

; Araujo, Alex Silva de

; Nascimento, Cidianna Emanuelly Melo do

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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mar 2023, Volume 28 N. 3 Pages 739 - 748

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é sintetizar artigos que abordam fake news e hesitação vacinal contra a COVID-19 no contexto de saúde pública. Revisão integrativa que incluiu estudos originais indexados nas bases de dados Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde; Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Scopus; Web of Science e Embase, publicados em qualquer idioma, entre 2019 e 2022. A análise crítica foi realizada na forma descritiva, consoante à pergunta de pesquisa e ao objetivo da revisão. Foram selecionados 11 artigos, com predomínio de estudos transversais. Relacionaram-se ao processo de adesão à vacinação: gênero, idade, estado civil, escolaridade, posicionamento político, religião, confiança em autoridades de saúde, percepção de efeitos colaterais e eficácia das vacinas, entre outros. Hesitação e desinformação são os principais entraves para se alcançar a cobertura vacinal em muitos países. Todos os estudos abordam a relação entre baixa intenção de imunização e uso de mídias sociais como fonte de informação sobre o SARS-CoV-2. É necessário aumentar a confiança na segurança e eficácia das vacinas. A melhor compreensão dos benefícios da vacinação para COVID-19 é imprescindível para combater a hesitação e ampliar a adesão vacinal.

Abstract This article aims to synthesize articles addressing fake news and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the context of public health. We conducted an integrative review of articles published in any language between 2019 and 2022 in journals indexed in the following databases: Latin American and the Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. A critical analysis was performed, guided by the research question and objective of the review. Eleven articles were selected, the overwhelming majority of which were cross-sectional studies. The main factors related to vaccine take-up highlighted by the studies were gender, age, education level, political leanings, religion, trust in health authorities, and perceptions of side-effects and vaccine efficacy. The main obstacles to attaining optimal vaccination coverage were vaccine hesitancy and disinformation. All studies addressed the relationship between low vaccination intention and the use of social media as a source of information about SARS-CoV-2. It is necessary to build public trust in vaccine safety and efficacy. Promoting a better understanding of the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination is essential to combat vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccine take-up.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023283.09862022

Desafios da imunização contra COVID-19 na saúde pública: das fake news à hesitação vacinal
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Silva, Gabriela Martins

; Sousa, Antonia Aline Rocha de

; Almeida, Sabrina Maria Carreiro

; Sá, Itamara Carvalho de

; Barros, Fátima Rosane

; Sousa Filho, José Edson Santana

; Graça, José Mateus Bezerra da

; Maciel, Nathanael de Souza

; Araujo, Alex Silva de

; Nascimento, Cidianna Emanuelly Melo do

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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mar 2023, Volume 28 N. 3 Pages 739 - 748

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023283.09862022

Affordances in the home environment of children at risk of developmental delay
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Santos, Janaína Araujo Teixeira

; Lima, Amanda Larissa Oliveira

; Silva, Letícia Dias dos Santos

; Braga, Fernanda da Costa

; Alécio, Marcelo Machado

; Chagas, Paula Silva de Carvalho

; Defilipo, Érica Cesário

; Toledo, Aline Martins de

; Gutierres Filho, Paulo José Barbosa

; Ayupe, Kênnea Martins Almeida

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2023, Volume 41 elocation e2022104

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the adequacy of affordances in the home environment of children at risk of developmental delay and to identify factors associated with their frequency. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 97 families who responded to the Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development — Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) for 3–18 months (n=63), or AHEMD – Self-Report (AHEMD-SR) for 18–42 months (n=34). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to identify the differences between the frequencies of affordances between the groups. Multiple linear regression was used to verify the association between the child’s sex, mother’s marital status, education, socioeconomic level, child and mother’s ages, house residents’ number, per capita income, and AHEMD scores (α=0.05). Results: The home affordances’ frequency in the AHEMD-IS ranged from less than adequate to excellent, while in the AHEMD-SR, the highest predominance was medium. The offer of stimuli in the AHEMD-IS was significantly higher. Higher socioeconomic level and house residents’ number were associated with greater affordances. Conclusions: The higher the socioeconomic level and house residents’ number, the greater the affordances in the homes of children at risk of delay. It is necessary to provide families with some alternatives to make their home environments richer in affordances that favor child development.

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a adequação das oportunidades de ação no ambiente doméstico de crianças em risco de atraso no desenvolvimento e identificar fatores associados à sua frequência. Métodos Este estudo transversal incluiu 97 famílias que responderam ao Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development - Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) para 3–18 meses (n=63) ou o Self Report (AHEMD-SR) para 18–42 meses (n=34). O teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para identificar as diferenças entre as frequências de oportunidades de ação entre os grupos. A regressão linear múltipla foi utilizada para verificar a associação entre o sexo da criança, o estado civil, a escolaridade e nível socioeconômico da mãe, as idades da criança e da mãe, o número de residentes da casa, a renda per capita e os escores do AHEMD (α=0,05). Resultados A frequência das oportunidades de ação dos domicílios no AHEMD-IS variou de menos do que adequado a excelente; enquanto, no AHEMD-SR, a maior predominância foi de média frequência. A oferta de estímulos no AHEMD-IS foi significativamente maior. O maior nível socioeconômico e o número de moradores da casa foram associados a maiores oportunidades de ação. Conclusões Quanto maior o nível socioeconômico e o número de moradores, maiores são as oportunidades de ação nos domicílios das crianças em risco de atraso. É necessário oferecer às famílias algumas alternativas para tornar os seus ambientes domésticos mais ricos em oportunidades de ação que favoreçam o desenvolvimento infantil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2022104

Consensus of the Brazilian Headache Society (SBCe) for prophylactic treatment of episodic migraine: part II
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Santos, Paulo Sergio Faro

; Melhado, Eliana Meire

; Kaup, Alexandre Ottoni

; Costa, Aline Turbino Neves Martins da

; Roesler, Célia Aparecida de Paula

; Piovesan, Élcio Juliato

; Sarmento, Elder Machado

; Theotonio, Giselle Oliveira Martins

; Campos, Henrique Carneiro de

; Fortini, Ida

; Souza, Jano Alves de

; Maciel Júnior, Jayme Antunes

; Segundo, João Batista Alves

; Carvalho, João José Freitas de

; Speziali, José Geraldo

; Calia, Leandro Cortoni

; Barea, Liselotte Menke

; Queiroz, Luiz Paulo

; Souza, Marcio Nattan Portes

; Figueiredo, Marcos Ravi Cerqueira Ferreira

; Costa, Maria Eduarda Nobre de Magalhães

; Peres, Mário Fernando Prieto

; Jurno, Mauro Eduardo

; Peixoto, Patrícia Machado

; Kowacs, Pedro André

; Rocha Filho, Pedro Augusto Sampaio

; Moreira Filho, Pedro Ferreira

; Silva Neto, Raimundo Pereira

; Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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sep 2022, Volume 80 N. 9 Pages 953 - 969

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background Migraine affects 1 billion people worldwide and > 30 million Brazilians; besides, it is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disorder. Objective The need to disseminate knowledge about the prophylactic treatment of migraine is known, so the Brazilian Headache Society (SBCe, in the Portuguese acronym) appointed a committee of authors with the objective of establishing a consensus with recommendations on the prophylactic treatment of episodic migraine based on articles from the world literature as well as from personal experience. Methods Meetings were held entirely online, with the participation of 12 groups that reviewed and wrote about the pharmacological categories of drugs and, at the end, met to read and finish the document. The drug classes studied in part II of this Consensus were: antihypertensives, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, other drugs, and rational polytherapy. Results From this list of drugs, only candesartan has been established as effective in controlling episodic migraine. Flunarizine, venlafaxine, duloxetine, and pizotifen were defined as likely to be effective, while lisinopril, enalapril, escitalopram, fluvoxamine, quetiapine, atorvastatin, simvastatin, cyproheptadine, and melatonin were possibly effective in prophylaxis of the disease. Conclusions Despite an effort by the scientific community to find really effective drugs in the treatment of migraine, given the large number of drugs tested for this purpose, we still have few therapeutic options.

Resumo Antecedentes Migrânea afeta um bilhão de pessoas em todo o mundo e mais de 30 milhões de brasileiros; além disso, é um distúrbio subdiagnosticado e subtratado. Objetivo Sabe-se sobre a necessidade de difundir o conhecimento sobre o tratamento profilático da migrânea; por isso, a Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleias (SBCe) nomeou um comitê de autores com o objetivo de estabelecer um consenso com recomendações sobre o tratamento profilático da migrânea episódica com base em artigos da literatura mundial, assim como da experiência pessoal. Métodos As reuniões foram realizadas inteiramente online, com a participação de 12 grupos que revisaram e escreveram sobre as categorias farmacológicas dos medicamentos e, ao final, reuniram-se para a leitura e conclusão do documento. As classes de medicamentos estudadas na parte II deste Consenso foram: anti-hipertensivos, inibidores seletivos de recaptação de serotonina, inibidores de recaptação de serotonina e noradrenalina, bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio, outros medicamentos e politerapia racional. Resultados Desta lista de medicamentos, apenas o candesartan foi estabelecido como eficaz no controle da migrânea episódica. Flunarizina, venlafaxina, duloxetina e pizotifeno foram definidos como provavelmente eficazes, enquanto lisinopril, enalapril, escitalopram, fluvoxamina, quetiapina, atorvastatina, sinvastatina, ciproheptadina e melatonina foram possivelmente eficazes na profilaxia da doença. Conclusões Apesar do esforço da comunidade científica em encontrarmedicamentos realmente eficazes no tratamento da migrânea, dado o grande número de medicamentos testados para este fim, ainda dispomos de poucas opções terapêuticas.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755320

Consensus of the Brazilian Headache Society (SBCe) for the Prophylactic Treatment of Episodic Migraine: part I
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Melhado, Eliana Meire

; Santos, Paulo Sergio Faro

; Kaup, Alexandre Ottoni

; Costa, Aline Turbino Neves Martins da

; Roesler, Célia Aparecida de Paula

; Piovesan, Élcio Juliato

; Sarmento, Elder Machado

; Theotonio, Giselle Oliveira Martins

; Campos, Henrique Carneiro de

; Fortini, Ida

; Souza, Jano Alves de

; Maciel Júnior, Jayme Antunes

; Segundo, João Batista Alves

; Carvalho, João José Freitas de

; Speziali, José Geraldo

; Calia, Leandro Cortoni

; Barea, Liselotte Menke

; Queiroz, Luiz Paulo

; Souza, Marcio Nattan Portes

; Figueiredo, Marcos Ravi Cerqueira Ferreira

; Costa, Maria Eduarda Nobre de Magalhães

; Peres, Mário Fernando Prieto

; Jurno, Mauro Eduardo

; Peixoto, Patrícia Machado

; Kowacs, Pedro André

; Rocha-Filho, Pedro Augusto Sampaio

; Moreira Filho, Pedro Ferreira

; Silva-Neto, Raimundo Pereira

; Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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aug 2022, Volume 80 N. 8 Pages 845 - 861

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The Brazilian Headache Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia, SBCe, in Portuguese) nominated a Committee of Authors with the aim of establishing a consensus with recommendations regarding prophylactic treatment for episodic migraine based on articles published in the worldwide literature, as well as personal experience. Migraine affects 1 billion people around the world and more than 30 million Brazilians. In addition, it is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disorder. It is well known within the medical community of neurologists, and especially among headache specialists, that there is a need to disseminate knowledge about prophylactic treatment for migraine. For this purpose, together with the need for drug updates and to expand knowledge of the disease itself (frequency, intensity, duration, impact and perhaps the progression of migraine), this Consensus was developed, following a full online methodology, by 12 groups who reviewed and wrote about the pharmacological categories of the drugs used and, at the end of the process, met to read and establish conclusions for this document. The drug classes studied were: anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, monoclonal anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (anti-CGRP) antibodies, beta-blockers, antihypertensives, calcium channel inhibitors, other antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs, and dual-action antidepressants), other drugs, and polytherapy. Hormonal treatment and anti-inflammatories and triptans in minimum prophylaxis schemes (miniprophylaxis) will be covered in a specific chapter. The drug classes studied for part I of the Consensus were: anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, monoclonal anti-CGRP antibodies, and beta-blockers.

Resumo A Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia (SBCe) nomeou um Comitê de Autores com o objetivo de estabelecer um consenso com recomendações sobre o tratamento profilático da enxaqueca episódica com base em artigos da literatura mundial e da experiência pessoal. A enxaqueca é um distúrbio subdiagnosticado e subtratado que acomete um bilhão de pessoas no mundo e mais de 30 milhões de brasileiros. É conhecido na comunidade médica de neurologistas e, sobretudo, dos especialistas em cefaleia, a necessidade de se divulgar o conhecimento sobre o tratamento profilático da enxaqueca. Com esta finalidade, aliada às necessidades de atualizações de drogas e de se aumentar o conhecimento sobre a doença em si (frequência, intensidade, duração, impacto e talvez a progressão da enxaqueca), foi elaborado este Consenso, com metodologia totalmente on-line, por 12 grupos que revisaram e escreveram sobre as categorias farmacológicas das drogas e, ao final, reuniram-se para a leitura e conclusão do documento. As classes de drogas estudadas para este Consenso foram: anticonvulsivantes, antidepressivos tricíclicos, anticorpos monoclonais do antipeptídeo relacionado ao gene da calcitonina (peptídeo relacionado ao gene da calcitonina — anti-CGRP), betabloqueadores, anti-hipertensivos, inibidores dos canais de cálcio, outros antidepressivos (inibidores seletivos de recaptação de serotonina, ISRSs, e antidepressivos de ação dual), outras drogas, e politerapia. O tratamento hormonal, bem como anti-inflamatórios e triptanas em esquema de profilaxia mínima (miniprofilaxia), será abordado em um capítulo próprio. As classes de drogas estudadas na parte I do Consenso foram: anticonvulsivantes, antidepressivos tricíclicos, anticorpos monoclonais anti-CGRP, e betabloqueadores.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1756441

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and visceral leishmaniasis in children: a series of cases and literature review
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Brum, Natália Fernanda Ferreira

; Coelho, Julia Sampaio

; Carvalho, Laís Silva

; Vieira, Matheus Nascimento Otoni

; Bentes, Aline Almeida

; Carellos, Ericka Viana Machado

; Diniz, Lilian Martins Oliveira

; Carvalho, Andrea Lucchesi de

; Romanelli, Roberta Maia de Castro

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2022, Volume 40 elocation e2020269

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Linfo-histiocitose hemofagocítica (LHH) é uma síndrome caracterizada pela hiperativação de linfócitos T citotóxicos, células natural killer e macrófagos, levando à secreção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias. Linfo-histiocitose hemofagocítica associada a Leishmaniose Visceral é um quadro de grande desafio para o diagnóstico, considerando que os sintomas são semelhantes, podendo levar ao óbito pacientes não tratados. Nosso objetivo é descrever uma série de casos de Leishmaniose Visceral com LHH admitidos em um hospital de referência para doenças infecciosas. Descrição do caso: Todos os 115 casos de Leishmaniose Visceral encaminhados ao centro de referência em doenças infecciosas pediátricas foram revistos para identificar os casos de LHH. Cinco casos (4,5%) foram confirmados com LHH e apresentaram febre, esplenomegalia, citopenia, hipertrigliceridemia ou hipofibrinogenemia, aumento de ferritina e hemafagocitose em medula óssea. Comentários: Deve-se suspeitar de LHH em crianças com doenças infecciosas que não respondem adequadamente ao tratamento ou em pacientes com sintomas graves, principalmente em áreas endêmicas da leishmaniose.%

ABSTRACT Objective: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome (HLHS) is characterized by an immunological hyperactivation of cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages, leading to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. HLHS associated with Visceral Leishmaniasis might be difficult to diagnose once symptoms are similar, resulting in the death of untreated patients. Our aim is to describe a series of cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis with HLHS admitted to a referral hospital for infectious diseases. Case description: All 115 cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis referred to a referral center for pediatric infectious diseases were reviewed to identify the cases of HLHS. Five cases (4.5%) were confirmed with HLHS and they presented fever, splenomegaly, cytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia or hypofibrinogenemia, increased ferritin and hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow. Comments: It important to rule out HLHS in children with infectious diseases that do not respond adequately to treatment or in patients with severe symptoms, especially in leishmaniasis endemic areas.%

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2020269 168 downloads

Hygiene conditions of mussels Perna perna captured in Niterói, RJ, Brazil: thermal intervention and microbiological evaluation
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ANDRADE, Nayara Martins de

; CARVALHO, Alice Marqui de

; SALEH, Mariana Marques

; FONSECA, Ana Beatriz Monteiro

; MESQUITA, Eliana de Fátima Marques de

; DUARTE, Maria Carmela Kasnowski Holanda

; CALIXTO, Flávia Aline Andrade

; NASCIMENTO, Elmiro Rosendo do

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e107421

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Bivalve molluscs are important fishing resources for human consumption around the world. However, for safe consumption, good hygiene conditions must be ensured throughout the production chain. Eating bivalve molluscs, particularly raw, can pose a significant health risk to consumers because they can act as vectors of infectious pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of mussels from Niterói, RJ and the use of cooking to ensure food safety, as well as assessing the susceptibility of Escherichia coli and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus strains to different antimicrobials. Therefore, microbiological analyzes were performed on mussels Perna perna before and after thermal processing, the impact of cooking on the microorganisms was verified. Cooking the mussels in water at 95°C for 1 (one) minute reduced product contamination. The use of the time x temperature binomial was sufficient to reduce pathogenic microorganisms to acceptable levels according to Brazilian legislation, although the pathogens were only completely eliminated after five minutes. The bacteria investigated had a high antibiotic resistance index: 66% of E. coli strains and 34.78% of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus strains were found to be resistant to multiple drugs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.107421

10.

Novel rearrangements between different chromosomes with direct impact on the diagnosis of 5p- syndrome
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Chehimi, Samar Nasser

; Almeida, Vanessa Tavares

; Nascimento, Amom Mendes

; Zanardo, Évelin Aline

; Oliveira, Yanca Gasparini de

; Carvalho, Gleyson Francisco da Silva

; Wolff, Beatriz Martins

; Montenegro, Marilia Moreira

; Assunção, Nilson Antônio de

; Kim, Chong Ae

; Kulikowski, Leslie Domenici

Clinics

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2022, Volume 77 elocation 100045

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives Copy Number Variations (CNVs) in the human genome account for common populational variations but can also be responsible for genetic syndromes depending on the affected region. Although a deletion in 5p is responsible for a syndrome with highly recognizable phenotypical features, other chromosomal abnormalities might overlap phenotypes, especially considering that most studies in 5p use traditional cytogenetic techniques and not molecular techniques. Methods The authors have investigated 29 patients with clinical suspicion of 5p- syndrome using Chromosomal Microarray (CMA), and have gathered information on previous tests, clinical signs, symptoms, and development of the patients. Results The results showed 23 pure terminal deletions, one interstitial deletion, one deletion followed by a 3 Mb duplication in 5p, three cases of 5p deletion concomitant to duplications larger than 20 Mb in chromosomes 2, 9, and 18, and one 5p deletion with a chromosome Y deletion. CMA showed relevant CNVs not typically associated with 5p- that may have contributed to the final phenotype in these patients. Conclusions The authors have identified three novel rearrangements between chromosomes 5 and 2 (Patient 27), 5 and 18 (Patient 11), and 5 and Y (Patient 22), with breakpoints and overlapped phenotypes that were not previously described. The authors also highlight the need for further molecular investigation using CMA, in different chromosomes beyond chromosome 5 (since those cases did not show only the typical deletion expected for the 5p- syndrome) to explain discordant chromosomal features and overlapped phenotypes to unravel the cause of the syndrome in atypical cases. HIGHLIGHTS The authors The authors have described three novel rearrangements between chromosomes 5 and 2, 5 and 18, and 5 and Y with chromosomal breakpoints and overlapped phenotypes that were not previously described. One of the main atypical features for 5p- syndrome that the authors report was the presence of seizures that was found in the three patients with rearrangements between different chromosomes and in a patient with a deletion followed by duplication in 5p. The authors suggest physicians conduct further molecular investigation in the presence of atypical clinical features for patients with 5p- syndrome suspicion.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100045

11.

In vitro and in silico evaluation of the schistosomicidal activity of eugenol derivatives using biochemical, molecular, and morphological tools
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Souza, Isabella Maria Monteiro de

; Novaes, Romulo Dias

; Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela

; Fialho, Felipe Leonardo Bley

; Carvalho, Diogo Teixeira

; Souza, Thiago Belarmino de

; Dias, Danielle Ferreira

; Lavorato, Stefânia Neiva

; Souza, Raquel Lopes Martins

; Marques, Marcos José

; Castro, Aline Pereira

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2022, Volume 28 elocation e20210108

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Eugenol shows both antibacterial and antiparasitic activities, suggesting that it might be evaluated as an option for the treatment of praziquantel-resistant schistosome. Methods The in vitro activities of three eugenol derivatives (FB1, FB4 and FB9) on adult worms from Schistosoma mansoni were examined by fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy to analyze effects on the excretory system and integument damage, respectively. Biochemical tests with verapamil (a calcium channel antagonist) and ouabain (a Na+/K+-ATPase pump inhibitor) were used to characterize eugenol derivative interactions with calcium channels and the Na+/K+-ATPase, while in silico analysis identified potential Na+/K+-ATPase binding sites. Results The compounds showed effective doses (ED50) of 0.324 mM (FB1), 0.167 mM (FB4), and 0.340 mM (FB9). In addition, FB4 (0.322 mM), which showed the lowest ED50, ED90 and ED100 (p < 0.05), caused the most damage to the excretory system and integument, according to both fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The death of adult worms was delayed by ouabain treatment plus FB1 (192 versus 72 hours) and FB9 (192 versus 168 hours), but the response to FB4 was the same in the presence or absence of ouabain. Besides, no changes were noted when all of the eugenol derivatives were combined with verapamil. Moreover, FB1 and FB9 inhibited Na+/K+-ATPase activity according to in silico analysis but FB4 did not show a time-dependent relationship and may act on targets other than the parasite Na+/K+-ATPase. Conclusion Eugenol derivatives, mainly FB4 when compared to FB1 and FB9, seem to act more effectively on the integument of adult S. mansoni worms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0108

12.

Agreement between fragility assessment instruments for older adults registered in primary health care
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Melo, Beatriz Rodrigues de Souza

; Luchesi, Bruna Moretti

; Barbosa, Gustavo Carrijo

; Pott Junior, Henrique

; Martins, Tatiana Carvalho Reis

; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 43 elocation e20210257

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de concordância entre a Avaliação Subjetiva da Fragilidade (SFA) e o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clínico-Funcional (IVCF-20) para rastreio da fragilidade em idosos. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, comparativo e transversal realizado em 2018/2019 com 492 idosos, em 09 Estratégias Saúde da Família no município de Três Lagoas-MS. A Fragilidade foi avaliada utilizando a SFA e IVCF-20 e entrevista estruturada. Para comparações, utilizou testes de Wilcoxon e qui-quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Concordância foi de 35,4%, com coeficiente Kappa de 0,11. Dicotomizando em idosos frágeis e não-frágeis, a concordância foi de 70,1%, com coeficiente Kappa foi 0,41 e o alfa de Cronbach para IVCF-20 foi 0.61 e SFA 0.74. A prevalência da fragilidade foi menor do IVCF - 20 (17,1%) e maior na SFA (59,8%). Conclusão: A concordância entre os dois instrumentos variou de baixa a moderada, destacando a necessidade de padronizar o instrumento para aferir a fragilidade em idosos comunitários.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the level of agreement between the Subjective Frailty Assessment (SFA) and Clinical Functional Vulnerability Index (CFVI-20) for the diagnosis of frailty in older adults. Methods: A descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018/2019 with 492 older adults at nine Family Health Strategy units in the city of Três Lagoas, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Frailty was assessed using the SFA and CFVI-20 in addition to a structured interview. The Wilcoxon test and Pearson's chi-squared test were used for the comparisons. Results: Agreement was 35.4%, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.11. After dichotomizing the sample into frail and non-frail individuals, agreement was 70.1%, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.41 and Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.61 and 0.74 for IVCF-20 and SFA, respectively. The prevalence of frailty was lower using the IVCF-20 (17.1%) compared to 59.8% using the SFA. Conclusion: Agreement regarding the classification of frailty between the two instruments ranged from low to moderate. This finding underscores the need for a standardized instrument for measuring frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de concordancia entre la Evaluación Subjetiva de la Fragilidad (SFA) y el Índice de Vulnerabilidad Clínico-Funcional (IVCF-20) para el rastreo de la fragilidad en los individuos. Método: Estudio descriptivo, comparativo y transversal realizado en 2018/2019 con 492 ancianos, en 09 Estrategias de Salud Familiar en el municipio de Três Lagoas-MS. La fragilidad se evaluó mediante el SFA y el IVCF-20 y una entrevista estructurada. Para las comparaciones, se utilizaron las pruebas de chi-cuadrado de Wilcoxon y Pearson. Resultados: La concordancia fue 35,4%, con un coeficiente Kappa 0,11. Al dicotomizar en frágiles y no frágiles, la concordancia fue 70,1%, con un coeficiente Kappa 0,41, un alfa de Cronbach para el IVCF-20 de 0,61 y SFA de 0,74. La prevalencia de la fragilidad fue menor en el IVCF – 20 (17,1%) y mayor en el SFA (59,8%). Conclusión: La concordancia entre los dos instrumentos fue de baja a moderada, lo que pone de manifiesto la necesidad de estandarizar el instrumento para evaluar la fragilidad en los ancianos que viven en la comunidad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210257.en

13.

Musculoskeletal symptoms in formal and informal caregivers of elderly people
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Figueiredo, Leandro Corrêa

; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins

; Barbosa, Gustavo Carrijo

; Monteiro, Diana Quirino

; Melo, Beatriz Rodrigues de Souza

; Pelegrini, Lucas Nogueira de Carvalho

; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 75 N. 2 elocation e20210249

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate musculoskeletal symptoms in formal and informal caregivers of elderly people, and check association with personal and work-related factors. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study. Instruments for assessment were the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20, Borg’s effort perception scale and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results: informal caregivers had been working for a longer time (60.2% vs. 41%), had more hours of work (37.4% >12h for day), less time off (85.4% vs. 2.5%) and lack of care guidelines (90.2%). The region with the most musculoskeletal symptoms was the spine and the greater dependence of the elderly, the greater the chances of developing musculoskeletal symptoms (OR= 1.3, 95% CI= 1.1-1.6, p <0.05). Conclusion: personal and work-related factors were more prevalent in informal group and the elderly person’s dependence interferes with the increase in musculoskeletal symptoms of caregivers.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar los síntomas musculoesqueléticos en cuidadores formales e informales de los ancianos y verificar la asociación con factores personales y laborales. Métodos: Estudiotransversal. Los instrumentos para la evaluación fueron el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ), Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20, Escala de Percepción del Esfuerzo de Borg y el Cuestionario Nórdico de Síntomas Musculoesqueléticos. Resultados: Los cuidadores informales trabajaron más tiempo (60,2% vs. 41%), tuvieron más horas de trabajo (37,4% >12h por día), menos tiempo libre (85,4% vs. 2,5%) y falta de pautas de atención (90,2%). La región con más síntomas musculoesqueléticos fue la columna vertebral y, cuanto mayor la dependencia de los ancianos, mayores son las posibilidades de desarrollar síntomas musculoesqueléticos (OR= 1.3, 95% CI= 1.1-1.6, p <0.05). Conclusión: Factores personales y relacionados con el trabajo fueron más frecuentes en los cuidadores informales y la dependencia de los ancianos interfiere con el aumento de los síntomas musculoesqueléticos en cuidadores.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar sintomas musculoesqueléticos em cuidadores formais e informais de idosos e verificar a associação com fatores pessoais e relacionados ao trabalho. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Os instrumentos para avaliação foram o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20, Escala de Percepção de Esforço de Borg e o Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Musculoesqueléticos. Resultados: Cuidadores informais trabalhavam há mais tempo (60,2% vs. 41%), tinham mais horas de trabalho (37,4% >12 h por dia), menos tempo de folga (85,4% vs. 2,5%) e falta de orientações de cuidado (90,2%). A região com mais sintomas musculoesqueléticos foi a coluna vertebral; e, quanto maior a dependência dos idosos, maiores foram as chances de desenvolver sintomas musculoesqueléticos (OR= 1,3, 95% CI= 1,1-1,6, p <0,05). Conclusão: Fatores pessoais e relacionados ao trabalho foram mais prevalentes em cuidadores informais, e a dependência do idoso interferiu no aumento dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos dos cuidadores.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0249

14.

O papel do Sistema Único de Saúde no combate à sindemia global e no desenvolvimento de sistemas alimentares sustentáveis
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Machado, Alisson Diego

; Bertolini, Ana Maria

; Brito, Letícia da Silva

; Amorim, Mirelly dos Santos

; Gonçalves, Mônica Rocha

; Santiago, Raquel de Andrade Cardoso

; Marchioni, Dirce Maria

; Carvalho, Aline Martins de

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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oct 2021, Volume 26 N. 10 Pages 4511 - 4518

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As pandemias de desnutrição e obesidade, em conjunto com as mudanças climáticas, constituem uma sindemia global e apresentam um importante ponto de convergência, que é a insustentabilidade dos sistemas alimentares atuais. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o papel de políticas públicas de saúde, particularmente do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde, no combate à sindemia global e no desenvolvimento de sistemas alimentares sustentáveis. Nesse contexto, a Política Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição se destaca como uma importante ferramenta intersetorial para a alimentação adequada e saudável e à segurança alimentar e nutricional. Além disso, o Guia Alimentar se apresenta como um instrumento estratégico de apoio às ações de educação alimentar e nutricional. De modo essencial, destaca-se a necessidade de articulação das políticas de saúde, agricultura e meio ambiente para que o desenvolvimento sustentável possa ser efetivado. Assim, o SUS tem capacidade de ser palco das principais discussões sobre essa temática, atuando como um potencializador de ações individuais, coletivas e institucionais para promover um sistema alimentar mais justo, saudável e sustentável.

Abstract The undernutrition and obesity pandemics associated with climate change are a global syndemic. They have a point of convergence, which is the unsustainable current food systems. This paper aims to discuss the role of public health policies, particularly the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) in the context of Primary Health Care, in combating the global syndemic and in the development of sustainable food systems. In this scenario, the National Food and Nutrition Policy is a leading intersectoral tool for an adequate and healthy diet and food and nutrition security. Also, the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian population is a strategic tool to support food and nutrition education. We highlight the need to articulate health, agriculture, and environmental policies to achieve sustainable development. Thus, SUS can be the arena to promote the main discussions on this topic, potentiating individual, group, and institutional actions to provide a fairer, healthy, and sustainable food system.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320212610.11702021 203 downloads

15.

Prevalence of risk factors for dementia in middle- and older- aged people registered in Primary Health Care
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Luchesi, Bruna Moretti

; Melo, Beatriz Rodrigues de Souza

; Balderrama, Priscila

; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins

; Chagas, Marcos Hortes Nisihara

; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost

; Martins, Tatiana Carvalho Reis

Dementia & Neuropsychologia

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apr 2021, Volume 15 N. 2 Pages 239 - 247

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO. A identificação da prevalência de fatores de risco para demência é importante para reduzir a velocidade da progressão e evolução da doença, e para subsidiar programas de prevenção e intervenção. Objetivo: O objetivo foi avaliar a prevalência desses fatores em indivíduos cadastrados na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), relacionando com sexo e faixa etária. Métodos: Estudo transversal e quantitativo, com n=300 indivíduos acima de 45 anos. Avaliou-se a prevalência dos fatores de risco principais para demência (baixa escolaridade, perda auditiva, hipertensão arterial, obesidade, tabagismo, depressão, inatividade física, isolamento social e diabetes mellitus) e dos outros fatores (má alimentação, consumo de álcool, traumatismo craniano, unilinguismo, déficit visual e distúrbios do sono), identificados na literatura. Conduziu-se uma regressão de Poisson, por sexo e faixa etária (45-59 e 60+ anos). Resultados: Os fatores de risco principais com maior prevalência foram a inatividade física (60,3%), a sintomatologia depressiva e a hipertensão arterial (56,7% cada). Dentre os outros fatores, prevaleceram: unilinguismo (98,0%), déficit visual (84,7%), consumo irregular de frutas (60,4%) e de verduras ou legumes (53,5%). Não foram identificadas diferenças entre os sexos. Confirmou-se diferença significativa para a escolaridade e faixa etária, com os idosos apresentando maior prevalência de baixa escolaridade. Conclusão: Os resultados podem guiar intervenções, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento. A prática de atividades físicas e a alimentação devem ser o foco dessas intervenções, auxiliando indiretamente na redução da prevalência de outros fatores. A identificação precoce, o rastreamento e o tratamento adequado de sintomas depressivos, hipertensão arterial e déficit visual também são importantes.

ABSTRACT. It is important to assess the prevalence of risk factors for dementia to slow down the progression and evolution of the disease, and to support interventions and prevention programs. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of these factors in individuals registered in Primary Health Care in Brazil and their relationship with sex and age group. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and quantitative study with n=300 individuals. We evaluated the prevalence of main risk factors (low education, hearing loss, high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, depression, physical inactivity, social isolation, and diabetes mellitus) and others (poor diet, alcohol use, head trauma, monolingualism, visual impairment, and sleep disorders) identified in the literature. Poisson regression was used, according to sex and age group (45-59 years/60+ years). Results: The main risk factors with the highest prevalence were physical inactivity (60.3%) and depressive symptoms and hypertension (56.7% each). Among the other factors, monolingualism (98.0%), visual impairment (84.7%), and irregular consumption of fruits (60.4%), and vegetables (53.5%) prevailed. No differences were identified between sexes. The regression analysis confirmed a significant difference for education and age group, with older individuals having a higher prevalence of low schooling. Conclusion: The results can guide interventions, especially in developing countries. Practice of physical activity and healthy eating should be the focus of these interventions as they can indirectly help in reducing the prevalence of other factors. Early identification, screening and adequate treatment of depressive symptoms, high blood pressure and visual impairment can also contribute to reducing the prevalence of dementia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-020012 306 downloads

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