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Resumo A tilápia tem tolerância a altas temperaturas, pode se reproduzir em cativeiro, crescer rápido e tem excelente custo-benefício. Por essas características, esta espécie é de grande interesse na aquicultura e, atualmente, o pescado mais produzido no Brasil. No entanto, com o aumento da produção de tilápias, houve também um aumento na quantidade de resíduos orgânicos, principalmente da filetagem, que descarta 70% dos resíduos. Existem muitos estudos sobre a extração de colágeno da pele de tilápia como alternativa para reduzir esses resíduos e agregar valor comercial. Neste trabalho, a extração do concentrado protéico foi testada utilizando um protocolo ácido, no qual as peles de tilápia foram submetidas a um pré-tratamento em meio ácido e precipitação salina, com variações de tempo e concentração. Após sua extração, a pele foi avaliada quanto a cinzas, umidade, proteína, solubilidade e pH. O concentrado protéico obtido apresentou baixos teores de cinzas, e a umidade está dentro dos apresentados pela literatura. O concentrado protéico apresentou teores de 68,73 a 80,58% de proteína e uma baixa solubilidade entre 4,03 a 6,93%. Em conclusão, a extração ácida é um possível meio de extração de colágeno, e a pele de tilápia é uma boa alternativa para reaproveitar os resíduos gerados na indústria de pescados.

Abstract Tilapia has high-temperature tolerance, can breed in captivity, grow fast, and have excellent cost-benefit. Because of these characteristics, this species is of great interest in aquaculture and, currently, the most produced fish in Brazil. However, by increasing tilapia production, there was also a rise in the amount of organic waste, mainly from filleting, which discards 70% of waste. There are many studies on collagen extraction from tilapia skin as an alternative to reduce these residues and add commercial value. In this work, the extraction of protein concentrate was tested using an acid protocol, in which the tilapia skins underwent a pre-treatment in an acid medium and saline precipitation, with variations in time and concentration. After its extraction, the skin was evaluated for ash, moisture, protein, solubility, and pH. The protein concentrate obtained showed low ash contents, and the humidity is within those presented by the literature. The protein concentrate showed levels from 68.73 to 80.58% of protein and a low solubility between 4.03 to 6.93%. In conclusion, acid extraction is a possible means of collagen extraction, and tilapia skin is a good alternative to reuse waste generated in the fish industry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.255440

Ivermectin as a possible treatment for COVID-19: a review of the 2022 protocols
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Marques, L. L. M.

; Beneti, S. C.

; Pinzon, C.

; Cardoso, F. A. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e258325

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A ivermectina é um fármaco seguro e eficaz em seres humanos e é aprovado para uso em inúmeras infecções parasitárias há mais de 50 anos. Além disso, muitos estudos já evidenciaram sua atividade antiviral. A ivermectina é geralmente bem tolerada, sem indicação de toxicidade associada ao sistema nervoso central para doses até 10 vezes a dose mais alta, aprovada pelo FDA (Food and Drug Administration), de 200 µg/kg. Os resultados in vitro da ivermectina para redução da carga viral do SARS-CoV-2 são promissores e mostram que a Ivermectina mata o SARS-CoV-2 dentro de 48 horas. Uma hipótese de mecanismo de ação para esta droga é uma provável inibição da importação nuclear de proteínas virais mediada por IMPα / β1 como demonstrado para outros vírus de RNA. No entanto, estudos controlados e randomizados são necessários para comprovar sua eficácia na COVID-19 em humanos. Em um único estudo in vivo com resultados publicados, pacientes confirmadamente infectados por SARS-CoV-2 receberam pelo menos uma dose de ivermectina em qualquer momento durante a hospitalização. A utilização da ivermectina foi associada a menor mortalidade durante o tratamento com COVID-19, especialmente em pacientes que necessitaram de maior oxigênio inspirado ou suporte ventilatório. Adicionalmente, 81 estudos com o uso clínico da ivermectina em humanos estão sendo realizados em todo o mundo segundo o site ClinicalTrials.gov. Porém, nenhum destes teve seus dados publicados até o momento. No entanto, entidades privadas e públicas no Brasil vêm adotando este medicamento em seus protocolos como profilaxia e na fase inicial da doença. Além disto, a ivermectina é utilizada no tratamento em massa na prevenção da oncocercose e filariose linfática na África subsaariana há muitos anos. Surpreendentemente, esta região possui o menor índice de mortalidade proporcional entre os continentes, apesar dos números crescentes de contaminados divulgados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde.

Abstract Ivermectin is a safe and effective drug in humans and has been approved for use in numerous parasitic infections for over 50 years. In addition, many studies have already shown its antiviral activity. Ivermectin is generally well tolerated, with no indication of central nervous system-associated toxicity at doses up to 10 times the highest FDA-approved dose of 200 µg/kg. The in vitro results of ivermectin for reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral load are promising and show that Ivermectin kills SARS-CoV-2 within 48 hours. A hypothesized mechanism of action for this drug is a likely inhibition of IMPα/β1-mediated nuclear import of viral proteins as demonstrated for other RNA viruses. However, controlled and randomized studies are needed to prove its effectiveness in COVID-19 in humans. In a single in vivo study with published results, patients confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 received at least one dose of ivermectin at any time during hospitalization. The use of ivermectin was associated with lower mortality during treatment with COVID-19, especially in patients who required increased inspired oxygen or ventilatory support. Additionally, 81 studies with the clinical use of ivermectin in humans are being carried out worldwide according to ClinicalTrials.gov. However, none of these data has been published so far. However, private and public entities in Brazil have been adopting this drug in their protocols as prophylaxis and in the initial phase of the disease. In addition, ivermectin has been used in mass treatment to prevent onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis in sub-Saharan Africa for many years. Surprisingly, this region has the lowest proportional mortality rate among the continents, despite the increasing numbers of infected people released by the World Health Organization.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.258325

A Multi-Plasmonic Approach for Simultaneous Measurements based on a D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor: from Temperature to Optical Dispersion MultiPlasmonic Multi Plasmonic DShaped D Shaped Sensor
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Romeiro, Amanda F.

; Cardoso, Markos P.

; Silva, Anderson O.

; Costa, João C. W. A.

; Giraldi, M. Thereza R.

; Santos, José L.

; Baptista, José M.

; Guerreiro, Ariel

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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mar 2023, Volume 22 N. 1 Pages 219 - 229

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The growing demand for multiparameter sensors includes compact devices accompanied by simple calibration processes to distinguish the outputs from each other. This paper evaluates a scheme to determine multiple parameters of a medium using localized surface plasmon resonances (SPR) excited on a Dshaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) partially covered by two gold layers of different thicknesses. We demonstrate that the proposed sensing platform, once customized to characterize the possible dispersive profiles of the refractive index of the analyte, also allows interrogating the temperature of a sample from a linear relationship. Since the plasmonic resonances are excited at separated and low crosstalk spectral channels, different sensing responses can be obtained simultaneously in the same location of the D-shaped PCF. These features turn out the SPR sensor a suitable tool for simultaneous monitoring of optical dispersion and temperature. other (SPR PCF (PCF thicknesses platform analyte relationship channels D shaped

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742023v22i1270778

Emotional, hyperactivity and inattention problems in adolescents with immunocompromising chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Campos, Reinan T.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sousa, Renan A. de

; Helito, Alberto C.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Strabelli, Claudia A.A.

; Paradelas, Levi M.V.

; Carneiro, Beatriz O.L.

; Cardoso, Maria Paula R.

; Souza, Jean Paulo V. de

; Freire, Marianna R. de M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Buscatti, Izabel M.

; Kozu, Katia

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sallum, Adriana M.E.

; Ferreira, Juliana CO.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Viana, Vivianne S.L.

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia M.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Silva, Clovis A.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100167

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To assess factors associated with emotional changes and Hyperactivity/Inattention (HI) motivated by COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with immunocompromising diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 343 adolescents with immunocompromising diseases and 108 healthy adolescents. Online questionnaires were answered including socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and validated surveys: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0). Results: The frequencies of abnormal emotional SDQ scores from adolescents with chronic diseases were similar to those of healthy subjects (110/343 [32%] vs. 38/108 [35%], p = 0.548), as well as abnormal hyperactivity/inattention SDQ scores (79/343 [23%] vs. 29/108 [27%], p = 0.417). Logistic regression analysis of independent variables associated with abnormal emotional scores from adolescents with chronic diseases showed: female sex (Odds Ratio [OR = 3.76]; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 2.00–7.05; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.08–3.88; p = 0.028) and intrafamilial violence during pandemic (OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.12–4.19; p = 0.021) as independently associated with abnormal emotional scores, whereas total PedsQL score was inversely associated with abnormal emotional scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.96; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis associated with abnormal HI scores from patients evidenced that total PedsQL score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99; p = 0.010], changes in medical appointments during the pandemic (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.79; p = 0.021), and reliable COVID-19 information (OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.77; p = 0.026) remained inversely associated with abnormal HI scores. Conclusion: The present study showed emotional and HI disturbances in adolescents with chronic immunosuppressive diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reinforces the need to promptly implement a longitudinal program to protect the mental health of adolescents with and without chronic illnesses during future pandemics.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100167

Agronomic parameters of sugarcane under planting densities in different cultivation cycles
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Costa, J. E.

; Silva, J. H. B.

; Silva, I. D. N.

; Silva, G. M. L.

; Nascimento, R. R. A.

; Silva, J. S. L.

; Barbosa, J. M. S.

; Cardoso, E. V. B.

; Silva, A. V.

; Nascimento, M. A.

; Santos, J. P. O.

; Martins, A. H. P. C.

; Pereira Neto, F.

; Amorim, P. M. D.

; Silva, B. O. T.

; Almeida, L. J. M.

; Mielezrski, F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e278007

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Low density sugarcane plantation (LDSP) has been implemented by some sugarcane producers in Brazil, aiming to save seeds and operational costs. The study was carried out in the municipality of Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. Five planting densities were used, varying from 5 to 25 m-2 of buds arranged in randomized blocks, with four replications. Data were measured annually over three cultivation cycles (2017 to 2020), during which the field was fertilized with NPK and the harvests were carried out manually without prior burning. The lower planting density presents higher productivity only in the cane plant (101.03 t ha-1) due to the higher plant height (2.37 m) and the higher number of stalks (11 stalks m-2), suggesting that these variables are due to the greater availability of light, water and photosynthate. However, there is a drastic reduction in sugarcane yield for this lower population in the 2nd ratoon by up to 65.62%, which is correlated with number of stalks per meter. We demonstrate the agronomic viability of LDSP in the population of 10 buds m-2 in relation to conventional planting of sugarcane until the 2nd ratoon. Data are important for future studies to present additional considerations for other production factors, such as the effects of mechanized harvesting and the management of nutrients and water, assessing the sustainability of this large-scale planting system.

Resumo O método de plantio de cana-de-açúcar de baixa densidade (LDSP) vem sendo implementado por alguns produtores de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil, visando economia de sementes e custos operacionais. O estudo foi realizado no município de Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. Utilizou-se cinco densidades de plantio, variando de 5 a 25 m-2 de gemas dispostas em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os dados foram medidos anualmente ao longo de três ciclos de cultivo (2017 a 2020). Menor densidade de plantio mostrou maior produtividade (101,03 t ha-1) devido à maior altura de planta (2,37 m) e ao maior número de hastes (NS) (11 hastes m-2), sugerindo que essas variáveis são devido à maior disponibilidade de luz, água e fotoassimilados. No entanto, houve redução drástica na produtividade da cana-de-açúcar para esta população menor na 2ª soca em 65,62%, estando correlacionado com o número de colmos por metro. Demonstramos a viabilidade agronômica do LDSP em uma população de 10 gemas m-2 em relação ao plantio convencional de cana-de-açúcar até a 2ª soca. Os dados são importantes para que estudos futuros apresentem considerações adicionais sobre outros fatores de produção, como os efeitos da colheita mecanizada e do manejo de nutrientes e água, avaliando a sustentabilidade desse sistema de plantio em larga escala.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.278007

Comparative analysis of the use of natural and synthetic antioxidants in chicken meat: an update review meat
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Barbosa, A. C. S.

; Mendes, P. S.

; Mattos, G.

; Fuchs, R. H. B.

; Marques, L. L. M.

; Beneti, S. C.

; Heck, S. C.

; Droval, A. A.

; Cardoso, F. A. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e275539

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A busca por alimentos saudáveis tem atraído a atenção da indústria para o desenvolvimento de produtos que utilizam ingredientes naturais, incluindo antioxidantes naturais. Os antioxidantes atuam como radicais livres ou sequestradores de oxigênio, inibindo a oxidação lipídica e afetando adversamente a qualidade sensorial e nutricional dos produtos cárneos. Vários antioxidantes sintéticos têm sido usados na indústria da carne; no entanto, estudos apontam riscos à saúde relacionados ao seu consumo. Tal fato impulsiona a pesquisa de antioxidantes naturais extraídos de grãos, oleaginosas, especiarias, frutas e vegetais, que podem ter um efeito de promoção da saúde. Este manuscrito avalia a eficácia de vários antioxidantes naturais na melhoria da qualidade e prazo de validade de produtos de carne de frango durante o processamento, armazenamento e distribuição. Os efeitos potenciais de antioxidantes naturais amplamente utilizados em produtos de frango também são discutidos. Pode-se concluir que esses antioxidantes naturais são possíveis substitutos dos sintéticos. No entanto, seu uso pode afetar as características do produto. oxigênio cárneos entanto consumo grãos oleaginosas especiarias vegetais processamento distribuição discutidos Podese Pode se produto

Abstract The search for healthy foods has attracted the industry’s attention to developing products that use natural ingredients, including natural antioxidants. Antioxidants act as free radicals or oxygen scavengers, inhibiting lipid oxidation and adversely affecting meat products' sensory and nutritional quality. Several synthetic antioxidants have been used in the meat industry; however, studies point to health risks related to their consumption. Such fact drives research into natural antioxidants extracted from grains, oilseeds, spices, fruits, and vegetables, which may have a health-promoting effect. This manuscript evaluates the effectiveness of several natural antioxidants in improving the quality and shelf life of chicken meat products during processing, storage, and distribution. The potential effects of natural antioxidants widely used in chicken products are also discussed. It can be concluded that these natural antioxidants are possible substitutes for synthetic ones. However, their use can affect the product's characteristics. industrys industry s ingredients scavengers however consumption grains oilseeds spices fruits vegetables healthpromoting promoting effect processing storage distribution discussed ones However product characteristics

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275539

Art and science: impact of semioccluded vocal tract exercises and choral singing on quality of life in subjects with congenital GH deficiency
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Andrade, Bruna M. R. de

; Valença, Eugenia H. O.

; Salvatori, Roberto

; Oliveira Neto, Luiz A.

; Souza, Anita H. O.

; Oliveira, Alaíde H. A.

; Oliveira, Mario C.P.

; Melo, Enaldo V.

; Carvalho, Susana de

; Sales, Neuza J

; Monteiro, Gisane C.

; Lima, José Marcel de

; Annunziato, Marcos Felipe Harder

; Mannis, Guilherme Daniel Breternitz

; Souza, Lucas E. de A.

; Goes, Yasmin D.

; Carvalho, Thayza S.

; Farias, Celiane de

; Santos, Michela P. dos

; Cardoso, Gabriela P. F.

; Sousa, Carla S. Pereira

; Santana, Julia Rodrigues

; Sales, Ester Almeida

; d’Avila, Jeferson Sampaio

; Aguiar-Oliveira, Manuel H.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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apr 2022, Volume 66 N. 2 Pages 198 - 205

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objectives: Currently, not much is known about the interactions between voice and growth hormone (GH). We have described large kindred with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) due to a GHRH receptor mutation, resulting in severe short stature and high-pitched voice. These IGHD individuals have little interest in GH treatment, as they consider themselves “short long-lived people”, rather than patients. Interestingly, they report normal general quality of life, but they rate their Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL) as low. Here, we assessed the social and auditory-perceptual impacts of artistic-intervention voice therapy with semioccluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE) and choral singing, on their voices. Material and methods: Seventeen GH-naïve adult IGHD individuals were enrolled in a single-arm interventional pre-post study with 13 weekly sessions of choir singing over 90 days. Outcome measures were V-RQOL scores, self-assessment of voice, and auditory-perceptual analysis (GRBAS scale, G: grade of the severity of dysphonia; R: roughness; B: breathiness; A: asthenia; and S: strain). Results: Marked improvements in total (p = 0.0001), physical (p = 0.0002), and socioemotional (p = 0.0001) V-RQOL scores and in self-assessment of voice (p = 0.004) were found. The general grades of vocal deviation (p = 0.0001), roughness (p = 0.0001), breathiness (p = 0.0001) and strain (p = 0.0001) exhibited accentuated reductions. Conclusions: Voice therapy with semioccluded vocal tract exercises and choral training improved social impact and perceptual voice assessments in IGHD subjects and markedly improved their voice-related quality of life. This is particularly important in a setting where GH replacement therapy is not widely accepted.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000449

Challenges of nanotechnology in cosmetic permeation with caffeine
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Vogel, E. M.

; Bronoski, M.

; Marques, L. L. M.

; Cardoso, F. A. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e241025

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A evolução do mercado de beleza e cuidados pessoais é constante no Brasil e no resto do mundo. Os avanços tecnológicos trouxeram a nanotecnologia para o campo cosmetológico, empregando princípios ativos em átomos envolvidos por vesículas, a fim de levar o princípio ativo precisamente ao tecido alvo para otimizar os resultados alcançados devido à considerável facilidade de atravessar barreiras cutâneas. A fabricação de cosméticos nanotecnológicos é confrontada com baixa capacidade de absorção. Um dos muitos princípios ativos encontrados na indústria cosmética é a cafeína, um pseudoalocalóide do grupo xantina usado como estimulante no mecanismo da ação lipolítica. Este ativo é amplamente utilizado no campo da estética e dos cosméticos em tratamentos que envolvem disfunções, como gordura localizada e fibroedema gelóide. Para funcionar perfeitamente, o princípio ativo precisa interagir e criar um conjunto de fatores que inclui a intensificação da lipólise. O encapsulamento de cafeína em nanocosméticos à base de gel tem o objetivo de levar esse ativo até o adipócito, a célula alvo, para o tratamento de disfunções mencionado. Assim, objetivamos apresentar uma revisão de como tem sido o uso de cafeína na produção de cosméticos.

Abstract The evolution of beauty market and personal care is constant in Brazil as well in the rest of the world. Technological advances have brought up nanotechnology to the cosmetological field, employing active principles at atoms enveloped by vesicles, in order to take the active principle precisely to the target tissue to optimize the results achieved because of the considerable ease to cross skin barriers. Manufacturing of nanotechnology cosmetics is confronted with low absorption capacity. One of the many active principle found in cosmetic industry is caffeine, a pseudoalkaloid from the xanthine group used as a stimulant with the mechanism of the lipolytic action. This active is widely used in a esthetics and cosmetics field in treatments involving dysfunctions such as localized fat and fibroedema geloid. To work out perfectly, the principle active need to interact and create a set of factors that includes lipolysis intensification. The caffeine encapsulation in gel-based nanocosmetics has the purpose of taking this active up to the adipocyte, the target cell, for mentioned dysfunctions treatment. Thus, we aim to present a review of how has been, the use of caffeine in the production of cosmetics.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.241025 1757 downloads

Quality of cosmetics with active caffeine in cream and gel galenic bases prepared by compounding pharmacies
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Vogel, E. M.

; Marques, L. L. M.

; Droval, A. A.

; Gozzo, A. M.

; Cardoso, F. A. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e241043

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Como há uma grande escassez de estudos sobre a importância de boas práticas de manipulação na elaboração de cosméticos, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o controle de qualidade de cosméticos com princípio ativo cafeína para o tratamento de celulite, elaborados por farmácias de manipulação de Campo Mourão. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas, determinação do pH, mensuração da coloração, quantificação da porcentagem do princípio ativo cafeína e viscosidade em cremes e geís com 5% do princípio ativo cafeína. Nas análises microbiológicas foi verificada a presença de bolores e leveduras acima do pemitido segundo a farmacopéia brasileira. O pH diminuiu ao longo do tempo, contribuindo para que as formulações ficassem mais ácidas. Nos parâmetros de cor averiguou-se que a farmácia F4 apresentou uma coloração amarronzada, tanto para o gel quanto para o creme. A porcentagem de cafeína estava dentro das especificações em todas as formulações e a viscosidade se manteve inalterada durante o prazo de validade das amostras. Com o propósito de um melhor preparo magistral é importante que as farmácias de manipulação exijam de forma mais eficaz o comprometimento da equipe, bem como a análise da matéria-prima segundo as regulamentações de controle microbiológico. Além disso, a implementação de normas mais rígidas e o melhor controle da matéria-prima e das formulações finais fazem com que a qualidade dos produtos manipulados pelas farmácias magistrais seja aumentada significativamente, favorecendo o consumidor na efetiva finalidade a que o produto objetiva atingir.

Abstract As there is a great scarcity of studies on the importance of good compounding practices in the preparation of cosmetics, this study aimed to evaluate the quality control of cosmetics with active ingredient caffeine for the treatment of cellulite prepared by magistrals pharmacies. Microbiological analyzes, pH determination, color measurement, quantification of the percentage of the active ingredient caffeine and viscosity in creams and gels with 5% of the active ingredient caffeine were performed. In the microbiological analysis, the presence of molds and yeasts was verified above the permitted level according to the Brazilian pharmacopoeia. The pH decreased over time, contributing to the formulations becoming more acidic. In the color parameters, it was found that pharmacy F4 showed a brownish color, both for the gel and for the cream. The percentage of caffeine was within specifications in all formulations and the viscosity remained unchanged during the shelf life of the samples. It is important that the compounding pharmacies demand more effectively the commitment of the team, as well as the analysis of the raw material according to the microbiological control regulations to translate into the quality of the products prepared by the pharmacies and favor the consumer in the effective objective that the product you want to achieve.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.241043 1443 downloads

10.

Ovarian development of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Crustacea: Penaeidae) from Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil
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Bernabé, C. V.

; Craveiro, C. F. F.

; Mattos, D. C.

; Aride, P. H. R.

; Souza, A. B.

; Bassul, L. A.

; Polese, M. F.

; Cardoso, L. D.

; Silva, M. A.

; Lavander, H. D.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e266035

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study aimed to describe and characterize the stages of gonadal development of females of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri caught by artisanal fishers in Espírito Santo state, southeastern region of Brazil. All females (n= 1,831) were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic morphological analysis (n= 333) of the ovaries. From the morphology, coloration and degree of turgidity of the fresh ovary, macroscopic analysis determined five stages of gonadal development. The macroscopic analysis showed difficulties in differentiating the immature and spawning stages due to the similarity between the colors of the ovaries, which confirms the need to perform the macroscopic and histological analysis simultaneously for fisheries management studies. Microscopic observations allowed us to analyze the following six stages of cell development: oogonia, previtellogenic oocytes, primary vitellogenic oocytes, secondary vitellogenic oocytes, mature oocytes and atretic oocytes. From this, five stages of gonadal development were defined, i.e., immature, early development, advanced development, mature and spawned. The presence of peripheral bodies was not observed in this species. These results help to clarify and better understand the reproductive and population aspects of the Atlantic Seabob, which are fundamental for the establishment of management and conservation measures of this resource.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever e caracterizar os estágios de desenvolvimento gonadal de fêmeas de Xiphopenaeus kroyeri capturado por pescadores artesanais no Estado do Espírito Santo, região sudeste (Região sudeste = Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo) do Brasil. Todas as fêmeas (n= 1.831) foram submetidas à análise morfológica macroscópica e microscópica (n= 333) dos ovários. A partir da morfologia, coloração e grau de turgidez do ovário fresco, a análise macroscópica determinou cinco estágios de desenvolvimento gonadal. A análise macroscópica mostrou dificuldades em diferenciar os estágios imaturo e reprodutivo devido à semelhança entre as cores dos ovários, o que confirma a necessidade de realizar a análise macroscópica e histológica simultaneamente para estudos de manejo pesqueiro. As observações microscópicas permitiram analisar os seguintes seis estágios de desenvolvimento celular: oogônias, ovócitos prévitelogênicos, ovócitos em vitelogênese primária, ovócitos em vitelogênese secundária, ovócitos maduros e ovócitos atrésicos. A partir disso, foram definidos cinco estágios de desenvolvimento gonadal, ou seja, imaturo, desenvolvimento inicial, desenvolvimento avançado, maduro e desovado. A presença de corpos periféricos não foi observada nesta espécie. Estes resultados ajudam a esclarecer e compreender melhor os aspetos reprodutivos e populacionais do camarão do Atlântico, que são fundamentais para o estabelecimento de medidas de gestão e conservação deste recurso.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.266035

11.

Ternary system Portland cement-calcium aluminate cement-calcium sulfate applied to self-leveling mortar: a literature review
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Rego, A. C. A.

; Cardoso, F. A.

; Pileggi, R. G.

Cerâmica

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mar 2021, Volume 67 N. 381 Pages 65 - 82

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The modernization of building systems is increasingly demanding products that improve efficiency during their processing. The development of self-leveling mortars for the regularization of flooring is a consequence of this evolution. The high contents of binder and water to obtain self-flowing property, plus the application of thin layers over large areas, make this type of mortar susceptible to high shrinkage levels. Thus, the ternary system Portland cement-calcium aluminate cement-calcium sulfate (OPC-CAC-CaSO4) is a viable solution for shrinkage compensation. The expansion mechanism based on ettringite formation aims to prevent the mortar from cracking. Considering its complexity and that international literature is still limited (while Brazilian is null), this article presents a literature review that covers diverse aspects related to the application of the system OPC-CAC-CaSO4. The influence of raw materials and mix proportions on rheological behavior, reaction kinetics, development of strength, and length change are discussed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132021673812929 814 downloads

12.

Molecular Modelling Study of Heteroarylamide/Sulfonamide Compounds with Antitrypanosomal Activity
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Souza, André L. P. F.

; Cardoso, Fábio J. B.

; Martins, Lucas S.

; Alves, Cláudio N.

; Silva, José R. A.

; Molfetta, Fábio A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jan 2021, Volume 32 N. 1 Pages 83 - 97

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Chagas disease (CD), whose etiological agent is the Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) parasite, affects about eight million people, mainly in Latin America. The cruzain enzyme is highlighted among the main biological targets, since it is the most abundant of the cysteine protease class from T. cruzi and is involved in the entire life cycle of the parasite, essential in regulating the interaction between parasite and host. The drugs available for the treatment of CD usually have strong side effects, and the nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based heteroarylamide/sulfonamide compounds (HA/S) emerge with high antitrypanosomal potential. In this study, the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) were built using partial least squares (PLS) regression, and the results were robust and adequate for predicting and proposing five new derivatives according to the statistical parameters. The docking results suggest that the best-scored HA/S derivatives showed hydrogen bonds with the residuals that comprise the catalytic region of the enzyme. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, performed with different methods, revealed the strong stability of the compound obtained by the QSAR model of this study, in addition to a better binding free energy value than the HA/S obtained from literature.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200158 332 downloads

13.

Multifunctionality of βCD/Ofloxacin and HPβCD/Ofloxacin Complexes: Improvement of the Antimicrobial Activity and Apoptosis Induction on Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells
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Amaro, Bolivar R.

; Alves, Caio C. S.

; Ferreira, Gabriella F.

; Carvalho, Paloma E.

; Silva, Jeferson G. da

; Souza, Cleonice A.

; Cardoso Jr., Oswaldo

; Carli, Alessandra P.

; Machado, Fabiana S.

; Denadai, Ângelo M. L.

; Castro, Sandra B. R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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dec 2020, Volume 31 N. 12 Pages 2628 - 2637

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The ofloxacin (OFLOX) is a second-generation synthetic antibiotic that can be classified as a multifunctional drug, but is a poorly soluble drug, which influences its efficiency. The inclusion complexes of OFLOX with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) can improve the chemical characteristics of the drug; however, studies showing the biological activity of these inclusion complexes are still scarce. The present work aimed to investigate the multifunctionality of the OFLOX and their inclusion complexes. Thus, the 1:1 βCD/OFLOX or HPβCD/OFLOX were prepared and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The antitumor and antibacterial effects were assessed. The results confirm the formation of the inclusion complexes, which had lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, higher cytotoxicity and promoted the apoptosis. The present study showed, for the first time, the promising effects of the inclusion complexes as antitumor, improving the biological activities of the uncomplexed ofloxacin.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200145 259 downloads

14.

Consumption of superplasticizer admixture for different cements and their binder efficiency
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CECEL, R. T.

; ABRÃO, P. C. R. A.

; CARDOSO, F. A.

; JOHN, V. M.

Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais

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dec 2019, Volume 12 N. 6 Pages 1260 - 1287

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Foram estudados, em cimentos e fillers calcários, os teores ótimos de superplastificante (base policarboxilato éter), determinados através de reometria rotacional, e estimados seus efeitos nos impactos ambientais de concretos. Ensaios de espalhamento de argamassas em mesa de consistência foram feitos para determinação da redução de água e estimação de redução do cimento e intensidades de ligantes (IL) e CO2 (IC) em concretos teóricos. Os cimentos estudados apresentaram significante variação de consumo de superplastificante. Os fillers consumiram menos aditivo por unidade de área do que os demais materiais e suas composições apresentaram maior redução de água. O uso de superplastificantes levou à redução do consumo de cimento e das intensidades de ligante e carbono. A otimização do teor de superplastificante se mostrou eficiente para a redução de impactos ambientais.

Abstract The optimum content of ether polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer, determined by rotational rheometry, and its effects on the environmental impacts of concretes were studied for cement and limestone filler. To assess the consistency and water reduction, flow-table tests were performed. Then, cement content reduction and binder and carbon intensity indexes were determined through estimation based on theoretical concretes. The evaluated pure and blended cements present significant variability of the optimum consumption of the admixture. The fillers consumed less superplasticizer per area than the other materials and compositions with fillers allowed for greater reduction of water content. The mixtures with superplasticizer presented lower cement rate and binder and carbon intensity indexes. The usage of this type of admixture in optimal content can reduce environment impacts, according to the parameters analyzed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952019000600003 2294 downloads

15.

Application of LC-DAD Metabolic Fingerprinting in Combination with PCA for Evaluation of Seasonality and Extraction Method on the Chemical Composition of Accessions from Lippia alba (Mill) N. E. Brown and Biological Activities
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Jesus, Raphael A. de

; Prado, Vilma M. J.

; Pinto, Vanderson S.

; Silva, Valdenizia R.

; Santos, Luciano S.

; Nogueira, Paulo C. L.

; Navickiene, Sandro

; Pereira-Filho, Edenir R.

; Blank, Arie F.

; Bezerra, Daniel P.

; Soares, Milena B. P.

; Seidl, Claudia

; Cardoso, Carmen L.

; Moraes, Valéria R. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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may 2019, Volume 30 N. 5 Pages 978 - 987

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The methodology developed in this study through the acquisition of fingerprint chromatograms by liquid chromatography-diode array detector (LC-DAD), aided by principal component analysis, made it possible to assess, in a rational way, the chemical differences between six accessions of Lippia alba and to verify the influence of the method of extraction, the seasonality and the individuality of each accession on chemical composition of its extracts. Among all extracts analyzed against cancer cell lines, eight of them showed to be more promising against a human leukemia cell line (HL-60), displaying cell growth inhibition percentage ranging between 40.0 and 52.0%. In the inhibitory activity assays against acetylcholinesterase enzyme, all extracts showed weak inhibitory effect, with highlight only for six of them, which displayed inhibition ranging between 27.0 and 32.0%.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180244 666 downloads

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