Abstract This study aimed to calculate the temperature and humidity indexes (THIs) derived from extremely high air temperatures during the months of December 2021, January, and February 2022 in Rio Grande do Sul. The main goal was to characterize and regionalize potential impacts on dairy production. We used hourly measurements of temperature and relative humidity from 28 meteorological stations of the INMET/SIMAGRO/SEAPI network. These data cover ten ecoclimatic regions of the state. THI and Estimated Milk Loss (EML) were calculated, with the daily number of hours classified under each THI category during the trimester by municipality and region. The effects of region and month on THI and EML were evaluated through analysis of variance at a 5% significance level. Differences between means were compared using the Tukey HSD test (P<0.05). The probability of each daily hour having a THI in thermal discomfort (THI>70) was determined through analysis of variance for binomial variables by region, with the observed effect of time (P<0.05), and means were compared using the non-parametric Bonferroni test at 5%. To group these data, we applied the ScottKnott test. The Baixo Vale do Uruguai stood out in the trimester with the highest THI values, indicating thermal discomfort. Conversely, no heat stress was indicated in the Serra do Nordeste. In all regions, the most frequent daily classification of thermal discomfort ranged from attention to alert, with January being particularly significant. The highest EML estimates for most of the eight production levels were recorded in January. High estimates of productivity loss occurred in cows with higher milk production potential. THIs (THIs 2021 202 Sul 2 INMETSIMAGROSEAPI INMET SIMAGRO SEAPI network state (EML calculated 5 level P<0.05. P005 P P<0.05 . 0 05 (P<0.05) THI>70 THI70 70 (THI>70 P<0.05, , nonparametric non parametric values Conversely Nordeste alert significant 20 P00 P<0.0 (P<0.05 THI>7 THI7 7 (THI>7 P0 P<0. (P<0.0 THI> (THI> P<0 (P<0. (THI P< (P<0 (P< (P

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi calcular o índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU), devido às temperaturas do ar extremamente elevadas durante os meses de dezembro 2021, janeiro e fevereiro 2022 no Rio Grande do Sul, para fins de caracterização e regionalização dos possíveis impactos na produção leiteira. Empregaram-se dados horários de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar de 28 estações meteorológicas da rede INMET/SIMAGRO/SEAPI, de dez regiões ecoclimáticas do Estado, calculando-se ITU e Perda Estimada de Leite (DPL), contabilizando-se número diário de horas em cada classificação do ITU, durante trimestre por município e região. Avaliou-se efeito da região e mês no ITU e DPL, pela análise de variância a 5% de significância. Detectadas diferenças entre médias, compararam-se pelo teste Tukey HSD (P<0,05). Verificou-se probabilidade de cada hora diária apresentar ITU em desconforto térmico (ITU>70), através da análise de variância para variáveis binomiais, por região; observado efeito de horário (P<0,05), médias foram comparadas pelo teste não paramétrico Bonferroni a 5%. Para agrupamento destas, usou-se o teste Scott-Knott. O Baixo Vale do Uruguai se destacou no trimestre com maiores valores do ITU, desconforto térmico, enquanto na Serra do Nordeste, não indicaram estresse calórico. Em todas as regiões, a classificação de desconforto térmico mais frequente, diariamente, foi de atenção até alerta, destacando-se o mês de janeiro. Maiores estimativas de DPL, para grande parte dos oito níveis de produção, registraram-se em janeiro. Elevadas estimativas de perda de produtividade, ocorreram em vacas com maior potencial de produção de leite. , (ITU) 2021 202 Sul leiteira Empregaramse Empregaram 2 INMETSIMAGROSEAPI INMET SIMAGRO SEAPI INMET/SIMAGRO/SEAPI Estado calculandose calculando DPL (DPL) contabilizandose contabilizando Avaliouse Avaliou 5 significância compararamse compararam P<0,05. P005 P P<0,05 . 0 05 (P<0,05) Verificouse Verificou ITU>70, ITU70 ITU>70 70 (ITU>70) binomiais P<0,05, destas usouse usou ScottKnott. ScottKnott Scott Knott. Knott Scott-Knott Nordeste calórico frequente diariamente alerta destacandose destacando registraramse registraram produtividade leite (ITU 20 (DPL P00 P<0,0 (P<0,05 ITU7 ITU>7 7 (ITU>70 P0 P<0, (P<0,0 ITU> (ITU>7 P<0 (P<0, (ITU> P< (P<0 (P< (P

Abstract Among the vegetables produced in the organic system, there are the brassicas as the largest group in Brazil, and in brassicas, one of the most important pathogens is Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), which causes black rot of crucifers. The importance of this bacterium is increased because it is transmitted by seeds. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of thermotherapy in kale seeds, produced in the organic system, on the physiological seed quality and on Xcc control. Sixteen treatments were evaluated [factorial scheme: four lots of kale seeds (10714, 10751, 10756 and 10789) and four treatments (control, seeds inoculated with Xcc, seeds inoculated and treated at 50°C for 20 and 40 minutes)], in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. Germination, seed vigor (first count) and Xcc incidence were evaluated. Thermotherapy in kale seeds at 50°C for 20 and 40 minutes of exposure reduces the infection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris to 10% and 4%, respectively. However, in a seed lot with low initial seed vigor, the heat treatment reduces the germination rate and first count in the germination test. In seed lots with high initial vigor it can be recommended heat treatment at 50°C for up to 40 minutes of exposure for control of Xcc in kale organic seeds. system Brazil pv , (Xcc) crucifers factorial scheme 10714, 10714 (10714 10751 1075 10789 control, (control 50C C 50 2 4 minutes, minutes)] design replicates Germination 10 4% respectively However test (Xcc 1071 (1071 107 1078 5 minutes) 1 (107 (10 (1 (

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre la calidad de vida y la presencia de síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Método: estudio transversal que incluyó a 321 estudiantes de carreras del área de la salud. La calidad de vida se midió mediante la escala de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, versión abreviada, en los dominios físico, psicológico, relaciones sociales y ambiente, y los síntomas se evaluaron por la escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés. Se realizó un análisis multivariante por medio de regresión lineal robusta para evaluar la asociación entre la calidad de vida y los síntomas presentados. Resultados: se observó una asociación negativa entre la calidad de vida y los síntomas de depresión en todos los dominios, mientras que los síntomas de ansiedad tuvieron una asociación negativa en el dominio ambiente, y los síntomas de estrés tuvieron una asociación negativa en el dominio psicológico. La gravedad de los síntomas se asoció desfavorablemente con la calidad de vida, es decir, cuanto mayor la gravedad de los síntomas, menores las puntuaciones medias en todos los dominios. Conclusión: los síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés fueron prevalentes e impactaron negativamente en la calidad de vida de los estudiantes, especialmente en presencia de síntomas depresivos. Las puntuaciones disminuidas se asociaron significativamente con la gravedad de los síntomas. Objetivo salud Método 32 Salud abreviada físico psicológico ambiente presentados Resultados decir Conclusión depresivos 3

Objective: to evaluate the association between quality of life and presence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in college students in the health area. Method: cross-sectional study that included 321 students from undergraduate courses in the health area. Quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization scale, abbreviated version, in the physical, psychological, social relations and environment domains, and symptoms were assessed by the depression, anxiety and stress scale. Multivariate analysis was performed using robust linear regression to evaluate the association between quality of life and symptoms. Results: a negative association was observed between the quality of life and depression symptoms in all domains, while anxiety symptoms showed a negative association in the environment domain, and stress symptoms had a negative association in the psychological domain. Symptom severity was unfavorably associated with quality of life, that is, the greater the symptom severity, the lower the mean scores in all domains. Conclusion: symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were prevalent and had a negative impact on students’ quality of life, especially in the presence of depressive symptoms. The decrease in scores was significantly associated with the severity of symptoms. Objective area Method crosssectional cross sectional 32 scale version physical domains Results domain is Conclusion 3

Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre qualidade de vida e presença de sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em estudantes universitários da área da saúde. Método: estudo transversal que incluiu 321 estudantes de cursos de graduação da área da saúde. A qualidade de vida foi mensurada por meio da escala da Organização Mundial da Saúde, versão abreviada, nos domínios físico, psicológico, relações sociais e meio ambiente, e os sintomas avaliados pela escala de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Foi realizada análise multivariada utilizando regressão linear robusta para avaliar a associação entre qualidade de vida e sintomas apresentados. Resultados: observou- se associação negativa entre qualidade de vida e sintomas de depressão em todos os domínios, enquanto os sintomas de ansiedade apresentaram associação negativa no domínio meio ambiente, e os sintomas de estresse tiveram associação negativa no domínio psicológico. A gravidade dos sintomas associou-se de forma desfavorável com a qualidade de vida, ou seja, quanto maior a gravidade dos sintomas, menor a média dos escores em todos os domínios. Conclusão: sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse mostraram-se prevalentes e com impacto negativo na qualidade de vida dos estudantes, principalmente na presença de sintomas depressivos. A diminuição dos escores foi significativamente associada à gravidade dos sintomas. Objetivo saúde Método 32 Saúde abreviada físico psicológico ambiente apresentados Resultados observou associouse associou seja Conclusão mostraramse mostraram depressivos 3

This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study carried out with students regularly enrolled in undergraduate courses at eight Brazilian IFES. Data collection was conducted between October 2021 and February 2022 using an online self-completed questionnaire, which addressed sociodemographic and academic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and health conditions. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Variables were analyzed descriptively using frequency distribution and Pearson’s chi-square test. To estimate the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression, the proportion and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used. The level of adopted statistical significance was 5%.

Due to the decrease in adherence to vaccination and strengthened by the anti-vaccination movement, world vaccination coverage is at a low level and there is a recirculation of once eradicated diseases. In Brazil, recognized for its successful campaigns to vaccinate childrenand adolescents, the valid document for measuring vaccination coverage is the vaccination card (VC). However, there is a gap between subjects and their VCs, in which deterioration and misplacement of this document are recurrent. Thus, the present study proposed the application of a didactic sequence involving aspects of vaccination, in order to stimulate the vaccinal autonomy of students in a public school. Theoretical classes were taught; exhibition of the animation “Cells at Work!”; and carried out practices with the VC of the students themselves. Among the participants, 88.24% and 82.35% showed, respectively, understanding that the cells of the immune system act through phagocytosis and the production of antibodies. 76.47% understood that vaccines provide individual and collective protection and 64.71% that the VC allows monitoring the individual's vaccination status. Among the vaccines consulted, most were vaccinated against polio, measles and Covid-19, and for this last vaccine, everyone had taken at least the first dose. Surprisingly, 78.57% stated that they had already had access to their VV, however only 28.57% had considered the information contained therein. Finally, 92.86% stated that they needed to check and update the VC and felt compelled to keep the VC in accordance with the national vaccination schedule, showing the awareness of these students' vaccinal autonomy.

Debido a la disminución de la adherencia a la vacunación y fortalecida por el movimiento antivacunación, la cobertura mundial de vacunación se encuentra en un nivel bajo y existe una recirculación de enfermedades erradicadas. En Brasil, reconocido por sus exitosas campañas de vacunación de niños y adolescentes, el documento válido para medir las coberturas de vacunación es la cartilla de vacunación (CV). El presente estudio propuso la aplicación de una secuencia didáctica que involucra aspectos de vacunación, con el fin de estimular la autonomía vacunal de los alumnos. Se impartieron clases teóricas; se mostró la animación “Cells at Work!”; y las prácticas se realizaron con las CVs de los propios alumnos. Entre los participantes, el 88,24% y el 82,35% mostraron, respectivamente, comprender que las células inmunitarias actúan por fagocitosis y la producción de anticuerpos. El 76,47% entendió que las vacunas brindan protección individual y colectiva y el 64,71% que la CV permite monitorear el estado vacunal del individuo. Entre las vacunas, la mayoría estaban vacunadas contra la poliomielitis, el sarampión y el Covid-19 (en las que todos habían tomado al menos la primera dosis). Sorprendentemente, el 78,57% afirmó que ya había tenido acceso a su CV, sin embargo, solo el 28,57% había considerado la información contenida en la CV. Finalmente, el 92,86% afirmó que necesitaba revisar y actualizar la CV y se sintió obligado a mantener la CV de acuerdo con el calendario nacional de vacunación, lo que demuestra la conciencia de la autonomía vacunal de estos estudiantes.

Devido à diminuição da adesão à vacinação e fortalecidos pelo movimento antivacina, a cobertura vacinal mundial encontra-se em baixa e observa-se a recirculação de doenças outrora erradicadas. No Brasil, reconhecido por suas campanhas bem-sucedidas para vacinação de crianças e adolescentes, o documento válido para aferimento da cobertura vacinal é o cartão de vacinação (CV). Todavia, observa-se um distanciamento entre sujeitos e seus CVs, em que deterioração e extravios desse documento são recorrentes. Assim, o presente estudo propôs a aplicação de uma sequência didática envolvendo aspectos da vacinação, a fim de estimular a autonomia vacinal de estudantes de uma escola pública. Foram lecionadas aulas teóricas; exibidos episódios da animação “Cells at Work!”; e realizadas práticas com CVs dos próprios estudantes. Dentre os participantes, 88,24% e 82,35% mostraram, respectivamente, compreender que as células do sistema imunológico atuam por meio da fagocitose e da produção de anticorpos. 76,47% compreenderam que as vacinas conferem proteção individual e coletiva e 64,71% que o CV permite acompanhar o estado vacinal do indivíduo. Dentre as vacinas consultadas, a maioria era vacinada contra poliomielite, sarampo e Covid-19, sendo que para essa última vacina, todos haviam tomado pelo menos a primeira dose. Surpreendentemente, 78,57% afirmaram que já tinham tido acesso a seu CV, entretanto apenas 28,57% havia atentado às informações ali contidas. Por fim, 92,86% afirmaram que necessitam checar e atualizar o CV bem como se sentem impelidos a manter o CV em acordo com o calendário nacional de vacinação, evidenciando o despertar quanto à autonomia vacinal desses estudantes.

Abstract Acute genital ulcers (AGU) have numerous etiologies and are a frequent complaint in the emergency room. Its diagnosis is mostly clinical and initially approached in a syndromic manner. It is based on history, physical examination, and laboratory findings. It is known that genital ulcer can be the first manifestation of Behçet’s disease (BD) and its early recognition can prevent clinical complications related to the disease and improve the patient’s quality of life. The present article aims to report the case of a patient with an extensive and deep ulcerative lesion of the vulva, who was initially treated with acyclovir due to the suspicion of genital herpes. Subsequently, after the condition worsened and when adequate anamnesis was collected, diagnostic criteria for BD were identified and the correct treatment was started, with therapeutic success. From the above, it is essential that the gynecologist focuses on BD as one of the differential diagnoses for acute genital ulcer. AGU (AGU room manner history examination findings Behçets Behçet s (BD patients life vulva herpes Subsequently collected started success above

Resumo As úlceras genitais agudas possuem inúmeras etiologias e são uma queixa frequente de procura ao pronto socorro. Seu diagnóstico é majoritariamente clínico e inicialmente abordado de forma sindrômica. É baseado na história, exame físico e achados laboratoriais. Sabe-se que a úlcera genital pode ser a primeira manifestação da doença de Behçet e seu reconhecimento precoce pode evitar complicações clínicas relacionadas à doença, além de melhorar a qualidade de vida da paciente. O presente artigo teve como objetivo relatar caso de paciente com lesão ulcerosa extensa e profunda da vulva, que foi inicialmente tratada com acyclovir, pela suspeita de herpes genital. Posteriormente, após piora do quadro e ao coletar-se anamnese adequada, identificou-se critérios diagnósticos para doença de Behçet e iniciou-se o tratamento correto, com sucesso terapêutico. Do exposto, é fundamental que o ginecologista se atente à doença de Behçet como um dos diagnósticos diferenciais para úlcera genital aguda. socorro sindrômica história laboratoriais Sabese Sabe vulva acyclovir Posteriormente coletarse coletar adequada identificouse identificou iniciouse iniciou correto terapêutico exposto aguda

RESUMEN La hemodiálisis, junto con la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), intensifica el proceso inflamatorio y el estrés oxidativo en los pacientes en tratamiento. En este contexto, la suplementación con vitamina E puede mitigar los efectos nocivos resultantes de estos procesos. Esta es una revisión sistemática cuyo objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con vitamina E sobre biomarcadores inflamatorios y estrés oxidativo en pacientes con ERC en hemodiálisis. La revisión se elaboró según la metodología para revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis (PRISMA) y la búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus y Web of Science. El riesgo de sesgo de los estudios incluidos se evaluó con la Herramienta Cochrane de Riesgo de Sesgo (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool). En esta revisión se incluyeron doce estudios desarrollados entre 2006 y 2020. La mayoría (n= 11) utilizó dosis de vitamina E que oscilaban entre 400 UI y 888 UI y el tiempo de suplementación osciló entre 2 semanas y 12 meses. De los 12 artículos incluidos, 25% (n= 3) analizaba la suplementación en biomarcadores inflamatorios, 50% (n= 6) en biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo y 25% (n= 3) en estos parámetros simultáneamente. Se observó un efecto positivo en 58,4% de los estudios (n= 7). Por lo tanto, la suplementación con vitamina E puede ser efectiva para mitigar el proceso inflamatorio y el estrés oxidativo, sin embargo, vale la pena señalar que el efecto depende de la dosis y el tiempo de suplementación.

ABSTRACT Hemodialysis, along with chronic kidney disease (CKD), intensifies the inflammatory process and oxidative stress in patients undergoing treatment. In this context, Vitamin E supplementation can mitigate the deleterious effects resulting from these processes. This is a systematic review whose objective was to evaluate the effect of Vitamin E supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress in patients with CKD on hemodialysis. This review was prepared according to the methodology for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and the search was performed in Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Twelve studies developed between 2006 and 2020 were included in this review. Most of them (n= 11) used vitamin E doses ranging from 400 IU to 888 IU and the supplementation time ranged from 2 weeks to 12 months. Of all the 12 articles included, 25% (n= 3) analyzed supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress and 25% (n= 3) addressed these parameters simultaneously. A positive effect was observed in 58.4% of the studies (n= 7). Thus, Vitamin E supplementation can be effective in mitigating the inflammatory process and oxidative stress, however, it is worth noting that the effect depends on the dose and time of supplementation.

Abstract Objective: To assess factors associated with emotional changes and Hyperactivity/Inattention (HI) motivated by COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with immunocompromising diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 343 adolescents with immunocompromising diseases and 108 healthy adolescents. Online questionnaires were answered including socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and validated surveys: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0). Results: The frequencies of abnormal emotional SDQ scores from adolescents with chronic diseases were similar to those of healthy subjects (110/343 [32%] vs. 38/108 [35%], p = 0.548), as well as abnormal hyperactivity/inattention SDQ scores (79/343 [23%] vs. 29/108 [27%], p = 0.417). Logistic regression analysis of independent variables associated with abnormal emotional scores from adolescents with chronic diseases showed: female sex (Odds Ratio [OR = 3.76]; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 2.00–7.05; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.08–3.88; p = 0.028) and intrafamilial violence during pandemic (OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.12–4.19; p = 0.021) as independently associated with abnormal emotional scores, whereas total PedsQL score was inversely associated with abnormal emotional scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.96; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis associated with abnormal HI scores from patients evidenced that total PedsQL score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99; p = 0.010], changes in medical appointments during the pandemic (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.79; p = 0.021), and reliable COVID-19 information (OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.77; p = 0.026) remained inversely associated with abnormal HI scores. Conclusion: The present study showed emotional and HI disturbances in adolescents with chronic immunosuppressive diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reinforces the need to promptly implement a longitudinal program to protect the mental health of adolescents with and without chronic illnesses during future pandemics. Objective HyperactivityInattention Hyperactivity Inattention (HI COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Methods crosssectional cross sectional 34 10 sociodemographic socio demographic selfrated self rated surveys SDQ, , (SDQ) PSQI, PSQI (PSQI) 40 4 0 4. PedsQL4.0. PedsQL40 PedsQL4.0 . PedsQL4 (PedsQL4.0) Results 110/343 110343 110 (110/34 32% 32 [32% vs 38108 38 38/10 35%, 35 35% [35%] 0.548, 0548 0.548 548 0.548) hyperactivityinattention hyperactivity inattention 79/343 79343 79 (79/34 23% 23 [23% 29108 29 29/10 27%, 27 27% [27%] 0.417. 0417 0.417 417 0.417) Odds OR 3.76 376 3 76 3.76] 95 (95 2.00–7.05 200705 2 00 7 05 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 0.001) 2.05 205 1.08–3.88 108388 1 08 88 0.028 0028 028 2.17 217 17 1.12–4.19 112419 12 0.021 0021 021 0.95 095 0.93–0.96 093096 93 96 0.0001. 00001 0.0001 0.0001) 0.97 097 97 0.95–0.99 095099 99 0.010, 0010 0.010 010 0.010] 0.39 039 39 0.19–0.79 019079 0.021, 0.35 035 0.16–0.77 016077 16 77 0.026 0026 026 Conclusion pandemics COVID1 COVID- (SDQ (PSQI PedsQL4. (PedsQL4.0 110/34 11034 11 (110/3 [32 3810 38/1 [35% 054 0.54 54 79/34 7934 (79/3 [23 2910 29/1 [27% 041 0.41 41 3.7 37 9 (9 2.00–7.0 20070 000 0.00 2.0 20 1.08–3.8 10838 8 0.02 002 02 2.1 21 1.12–4.1 11241 0.9 09 0.93–0.9 09309 0000 0.000 0.95–0.9 09509 0.01 01 0.3 03 0.19–0.7 01907 0.16–0.7 01607 (PedsQL4. 110/3 1103 (110/ [3 381 38/ [35 0.5 5 79/3 793 (79/ [2 291 29/ [27 04 0.4 3. ( 2.00–7. 2007 0.0 2. 1.08–3. 1083 1.12–4. 1124 0. 0.93–0. 0930 0.95–0. 0950 0.19–0. 0190 0.16–0. 0160 (PedsQL4 110/ (110 [ 79/ (79 2.00–7 200 1.08–3 1.12–4 112 0.93–0 093 0.95–0 0.19–0 019 0.16–0 016 (PedsQL (11 (7 2.00– 1.08– 1.12– 0.93– 0.95– 0.19– 0.16– (1 2.00 1.08 1.12 0.93 0.19 0.16 1.0 1.1 0.1 1.

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze and identify documented infections and possible risk factors for Clostridioides difficile infections in children with cancer. Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study, carried out in a pediatric cancer hospital, covering the years 2016–2019. Matching was performed by age and underlying disease, and for each case, the number of controls varied from 1 to 3. Logistic regression models were used to assess risk factors. Results: We analyzed 63 cases of documented infection by C. difficile and 125 controls. Diarrhea was present in all cases, accompanied by fever higher than 38°C in 52.4% of the patients. Mortality was similar among cases (n=4; 6.3%) and controls (n=6; 4.8%; p=0.7). In all, 71% of patients in the case group and 53% in the control group received broad-spectrum antibiotics prior to the infection. For previous use of vancomycin, the Odds Ratio for C. difficile infection was 5.4 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 2.3–12.5); for meropenem, 4.41 (95%CI 2.1–9.2); and for cefepime, 2.6 (95%CI 1.3–5.1). For the antineoplastic agents, the Odds Ratio for carboplatin was 2.7 (95%CI 1.2–6.2), melphalan 9.04 (95%CI 1.9–42.3), busulfan 16.7 (95%CI 2.1–134.9), and asparaginase 8.97 (95%CI 1.9–42.9). Conclusions: C. difficile symptomatic infection in children with cancer was associated with previous hospitalization and the use of common antibiotics in cancer patients, such as vancomycin, meropenem, and cefepime, in the last 3 months. Chemotherapy drugs, such as carboplatin, melphalan, busulfan, and asparaginase, were also risk factors. Objective Methods casecontrol hospital 20162019 2016 2019 2016–2019 disease Results 6 C 12 38C 38 524 52 4 52.4 n=4 n4 n (n=4 6.3% n=6 n6 (n=6 4.8% 48 8 p=0.7. p07 p p=0.7 . 0 7 p=0.7) 71 53 broadspectrum broad spectrum vancomycin 54 5 5. 95% 95 (95 95%CI 95CI CI [95%CI 2.3–12.5 23125 2 2.3–12.5) meropenem 441 41 4.4 2.1–9.2 2192 9 2.1–9.2) cefepime 26 2. 1.3–5.1. 1351 1.3–5.1 1.3–5.1) agents 27 1.2–6.2, 1262 1.2–6.2 , 1.2–6.2) 904 04 9.0 1.9–42.3, 19423 1.9–42.3 42 1.9–42.3) 167 16 16. 2.1–134.9, 211349 2.1–134.9 134 2.1–134.9) 897 97 8.9 1.9–42.9. 19429 1.9–42.9 1.9–42.9) Conclusions months drugs 2016201 201 2016–201 52. n= (n= 6.3 4.8 p0 p=0. (9 2.3–12. 2312 44 4. 2.1–9. 219 135 1.3–5. 126 1.2–6. 90 9. 1942 1.9–42. 21134 2.1–134. 13 89 8. 201620 20 2016–20 (n 6. p=0 ( 2.3–12 231 2.1–9 21 1.3–5 1.2–6 194 1.9–42 2113 2.1–134 20162 2016–2 p= 2.3–1 23 2.1– 1.3– 1.2– 19 1.9–4 211 2.1–13 2016– 2.3– 2.1 1.3 1.2 1.9– 2.1–1 2.3 1. 1.9

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar e identificar infecções documentadas e possíveis fatores de risco para infecções por Clostridioides difficile em crianças com câncer. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo caso-controle em um hospital pediátrico oncológico, que abrangeu os anos de 2016–2019. O pareamento foi realizado por idade e doença de base e, para cada caso, o número de controles variou de um a três. Modelos de regressão logística foram utilizados para avaliar os fatores de risco. Resultados: Analisamos 63 casos de infecção documentados por C. difficile e 125 controles. A diarreia esteve presente em todos os casos, acompanhada de febre acima de 38°C em 52,4% dos pacientes. A mortalidade foi semelhante entre casos (n=4, 6,3%) e controles (n=6, 4,8%; p=0,7). No grupo caso, 71% dos pacientes e, no grupo controle, 53% deles receberam antibióticos de amplo espectro antes da infecção. Para uso prévio de vancomicina, a Odds Ratio para infecção por C. difficile foi de 5,4 (intervalo de confiança [IC95%] 2,3–12,5); para meropenem, 4,41 (IC95% 2,1–9,2) e, para cefepima, 2,6 (IC95% 1,3–5,1). Para os agentes antineoplásicos, a razão de chances para carboplatina foi de 2,7 (IC95% 1,2–6,2), para melfalano de 9,04 (IC95% 1,9-42,3), para bussulfano de 16,7 (IC95% 2,1–134,9) e, para asparaginase, de 8,97 (IC95% 1,9–42,9). Conclusões: A infecção sintomática por C. difficile em crianças com câncer associou-se à internação prévia e ao uso de antibióticos como vancomicina, meropenem e cefepime nos últimos três meses. Os quimioterápicos carboplatina, melfalano, bussulfano e asparaginase também foram fatores de risco. Objetivo Métodos casocontrole caso controle oncológico 20162019 2016 2019 2016–2019 Resultados 6 C 12 38C 38 524 52 4 52,4 n=4, n4 n (n=4 6,3% 3 n=6, n6 (n=6 4,8% 48 8 p=0,7. p07 p p=0,7 . 0 7 p=0,7) 71 53 vancomicina 54 5 5, intervalo IC95% IC95 IC [IC95% 2,3–12,5 23125 2 2,3–12,5) 441 41 4,4 (IC95 2,1–9,2 2192 1 9 cefepima 26 2, 1,3–5,1. 1351 1,3–5,1 1,3–5,1) antineoplásicos 27 1,2–6,2, 1262 1,2–6,2 , 1,2–6,2) 904 04 9,0 1,942,3, 19423 1,9 42,3 42 1,9-42,3) 167 16 16, 2,1–134,9 211349 134 897 97 8,9 1,9–42,9. 19429 1,9–42,9 1,9–42,9) Conclusões associouse associou se meses 2016201 201 2016–201 52, n=4 (n= 6,3 n=6 4,8 p0 p=0, IC9 [IC95 2,3–12, 2312 44 4, (IC9 2,1–9, 219 135 1,3–5, 126 1,2–6, 90 9, 942 1,942,3 1942 19 1, 423 42, 1,9-42,3 2,1–134, 21134 13 89 8, 1,9–42, 201620 20 2016–20 n= (n 6, p=0 [IC9 2,3–12 231 (IC 2,1–9 21 1,3–5 1,2–6 94 1,942, 194 1,9-42, 2,1–134 2113 1,9–42 20162 2016–2 p= [IC 2,3–1 23 2,1– 1,3– 1,2– 1,942 1,9-42 2,1–13 211 1,9–4 2016– 2,3– 2,1 1,3 1,2 1,94 1,9-4 2,1–1 1,9– 2,3 1,9-

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of spineless cactus (SC) [Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm Dyck] on nutrient intake, ingestive behaviour, and performance of lambs in a feedlot. Thirty-two male (non-castrated) Santa Inês lambs with a mean initial body weight (BW) of 20.4 ± 2.60 kg were distributed across four levels of spineless cactus: zero, 24, 52, and 75% of total diet dry matter (DM). Over 56 days, the animals had their intake and performance monitored. The inclusion of SC influenced (p<0.05) in a quadratic way the dry matter intake and total digestible nutrients, but linearly decreased (p<0.05) the neutral detergent fiber intake. Drinking water intake decreased linearly (p<0.05) with the inclusion of SC in the diet. The inclusion of SC influenced (p<0.05) in a quadratic way the digestibility of organic matter in the diet. The increase in the level of SC in the diet increased linearly (p<0.05) the feeding and rumination efficiencies of the lambs. The maximum daily gain of 0.237 kg/day was achieved with 44% SC in the diet. It is recommended to include up to 40% of spineless cactus in the diet of lambs. (SC Nopalea L. L (L. Dyck behaviour feedlot Thirtytwo Thirty two noncastrated non castrated (non-castrated BW (BW 204 20 4 20. 260 2 60 2.6 zero 24 52 75 DM. DM . (DM) 5 days monitored p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.05 nutrients 0237 237 0.23 kgday day 44 40 (L 26 6 2. 7 (DM p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 023 23 0.2 p<0. p0 (p<0. 02 0. p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate the intake, digestibility, and ingestive behavior of sheep fed with different species of forage cacti. Fifteen sheep (17.27kg ± 1 kg) were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with three treatments and five replicates. The treatments were diets on a dry matter basis composed of 430.9 g kg-1 of thornless Mandacaru cactus (Cereus hildmannianus), 525.7 g kg-1 of cactus pear cv. Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (Opuntia stricta) and 492.1 g kg-1 of cactus pear cv. Miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera) in addition to Sabiá hay (Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia) (194.7 to 233.8 g kg-1), plus concentrate feed. The intake of the dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, non-fiber carbohydrates, total digestible nutrients and voluntary water intake in g day-1 was not differ (p > 0.05) by experimental diets. There were no differences (p > 0.05) in digestibility coefficients of the dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, non-fiber carbohydrates, and total digestible nutrients between the experimental diets. The feeding times differed (p < 0.05) between diets, with a higher value for the Opuntia diet, while the rumination times, feeding efficiency, and rumination efficiency did not differ (p > 0.05). The cactus Cereus and Opuntia and Nopalea have similar nutritional value in sheep’s diet. ABSTRACT cacti 17.27kg 1727kg kg 17 27kg replicates 4309 430 9 430. kg1 kg- hildmannianus, hildmannianus , hildmannianus) 5257 525 7 525. cv stricta 4921 492 492. cochenillifera Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia 194.7 1947 194 (194. 2338 233 8 233. kg1, kg-1) feed extract fiber carbohydrates nonfiber non day1 day day- p 0.05 005 0 05 diet 0.05. . sheeps s 43 52 49 194. 19 (194 23 0.0 00 4 5 (19 2 0. (1 (

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the health of the global population, with sleep quality being one of the affected parameters. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sleep quality and its associated factors in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: A population-based cross-sectional serological survey of 1,762 adults in the Iron Quadrangle region of Brazil. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Sociodemographic variables, health conditions, health-related behaviors, anxiety, vitamin D levels, weight gain/loss, and pandemic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Poisson regression with robust variance were performed to identify factors associated with sleep quality. RESULTS: More than half of the participants reported poor sleep quality (52.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors associated with poor sleep quality included living alone (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.73), anxiety disorder (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08–1.62), 5.0% weight loss (PR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02–1.44), 5.0% weight gain (PR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03–1.55), vitamin D deficiency (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01–1.35), and COVID-19 symptoms (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10–1.52). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that more than half of the participants experienced poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with poor sleep quality included vitamin D deficiency and weight changes related to the pandemic. BACKGROUND COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 population parameters OBJECTIVES COVID-1 Brazil SETTING populationbased based crosssectional cross sectional 1762 1 762 1,76 METHODS variables conditions healthrelated behaviors levels gainloss gain/loss questionnaire RESULTS 52.5%. 525 52.5% . 52 5 (52.5%) prevalence PR [PR 1.34 134 34 95 CI [CI] 1.04–1.73, 104173 1.04–1.73 , 04 73 1.04–1.73) 1.32 132 32 1.08–1.62, 108162 1.08–1.62 08 62 1.08–1.62) 50 0 5.0 1.21 121 21 1.02–1.44, 102144 1.02–1.44 02 44 1.02–1.44) 1.27 127 27 1.03–1.55, 103155 1.03–1.55 03 55 1.03–1.55) 1.16 116 16 1.01–1.35, 101135 1.01–1.35 01 35 1.01–1.35) 1.29 129 29 1.10–1.52. 110152 1.10–1.52 10 1.10–1.52) CONCLUSIONS COVID1 (COVID-1 COVID- 176 76 1,7 52.5 (52.5% 1.3 13 3 9 [CI 10417 1.04–1.7 7 10816 1.08–1.6 6 5. 1.2 12 2 10214 1.02–1.4 4 10315 1.03–1.5 1.1 11 10113 1.01–1.3 11015 1.10–1.5 (COVID- 17 1, 52. (52.5 1. 1041 1.04–1. 1081 1.08–1. 1021 1.02–1. 1031 1.03–1. 1011 1.01–1. 1101 1.10–1. (COVID (52. 104 1.04–1 108 1.08–1 102 1.02–1 103 1.03–1 101 1.01–1 110 1.10–1 (52 1.04– 1.08– 1.02– 1.03– 1.01– 1.10– (5 1.04 1.08 1.02 1.03 1.01 1.10 ( 1.0

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a handheld NIR spectrometer for non-destructive quality analysis of apples and pears produced in the Brazilian Semi-arid region. NIR spectra were acquired with a portable spectrometer in the wavelength range of 750–1065 nm and reference analyses of dry matter content (DMC) and soluble solids content (SSC) were measured weekly during 10 weeks of storage at 0.5 °C. Spectra were pre-processed with standard normal variate and used to develop DMC and SSC models using partial least squares regression with full cross-validation. The models were validated using data not included in the calibration. Satisfactory prediction results were obtained for SSC in apples (R² = 0.58) and pears (R² = 0.55), and for DMC in apples (R² = 0.55) and pears (R² = 0.65). All prediction models showed a relative root mean square error of prediction lower than 8%. These findings indicate that the NIR spectrometer is a promising tool to be used for a rapid and non-destructive determination of internal quality traits in apples and pears. nondestructive non destructive Semiarid Semi arid region 7501065 750 1065 750–106 (DMC (SSC 1 05 0 5 0. C °C preprocessed pre processed crossvalidation. crossvalidation cross validation. validation cross-validation calibration R² R (R 0.58 058 58 0.55, 055 0.55 , 55 0.65. 065 0.65 . 65 0.65) 8 8% 750106 75 106 750–10 06 0.6 6 75010 7 750–1 7501 750–

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho de um espectrômetro portátil NIR na análise não destrutiva da qualidade de maçãs e peras produzidas na região semiárida brasileira. Os espectros NIR foram coletados com um espectrômetro portátil na faixa de comprimentos de onda de 750–1.065 nm, e as análises de referência de conteúdo de matéria seca (CMS) e conteúdo de sólidos solúveis (CSS) foram mensurados semanalmente durante 10 semanas de armazenamento a 0,5 °C. Os espectros foram pré-processados com a variação normal padrão e utilizados para desenvolver modelos de CMS e CSS usando a regressão dos quadrados mínimos parciais com validação cruzada completa. Os modelos foram validados externamente usando dados não incluídos na calibração. Resultados de predição satisfatórios foram obtidos para CSS em maçãs (R² = 0.58) e peras (R² = 0.55), e para CMS em maçãs (R² = 0.55) e peras (R² = 0.65). Todos os modelos de predição apresentaram raiz quadrada do erro médio quadrático de predição relativo menor que 8%. Estes resultados indicam que o espectrômetro NIR é uma ferramenta promissora para uma determinação rápida e não destrutiva dos atributos de qualidade interna de maçãs e peras. brasileira 7501065 750 1 065 750–1.06 nm (CMS (CSS 05 0 5 0, C °C préprocessados pré processados completa calibração R² R (R 0.58 058 58 0.55, 055 0.55 , 55 0.65. 0.65 . 65 0.65) 8 8% 750106 75 06 750–1.0 0.5 0.6 6 75010 7 750–1. 0. 7501 750–1 750–

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluatethe effects oflambs fed two roughage: concentrate (R:C) ratios, with or without the liquid residue of cassava (LRC)on carcass traits and meat quantity.Forty lambs (19.5 ± 1.45 kg body weight), non-castrated, crossbred Santa Inês were distributed in a completely randomized 2 × 2 factorial design. There was no effect (p > 0.05) of the inclusion of LRC on the variables. The roughage:concentrate ratio of 40:60 promoted higher values for empty body weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, subcutaneous thickness fat, cooling loss,Longissimusmuscle area, carcass morphometric measurements, and commercial cuts. Higher weight of leg, muscles, fat, bone and other tissues, as well as for the ratio muscle:fat, and muscle:bone was observed in lambs fed 40R:60C. For the meat chemical composition, there was the effect (p < 0.05) only for ether extract (EE) for lambs fed 40R:60C ratio. The redness (a*) of meat was greater (p < 0.05) for lambs fed 80R:20C. The other physicochemical characteristics were not influenced. The roughage:concentrate ratio of 40:60 improves the carcass traits and commercial cuts, but does not promote changes in meat quality, independent of supplementation with liquid residue of cassava. ABSTRACT roughage RC R C (R:C ratios LRCon quantityForty quantity Forty 19.5 195 19 5 (19. 145 1 45 1.4 , weight) noncastrated, noncastrated non castrated, castrated non-castrated design p 0.05 005 0 05 variables roughageconcentrate 4060 40 60 40:6 fat lossLongissimusmuscle loss Longissimusmuscle area measurements cuts leg muscles tissues musclefat, musclefat muscle muscle:fat musclebone 40R60C. 40R60C 40R 60C. 60C composition EE (EE a* (a* 80R20C. 80R20C 80R 20C. 20C 80R:20C influenced quality 19. (19 14 4 1. 0.0 00 406 6 40: (a (1 0. (