Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (TB), a disease that affects approximately 5% of Argentinean cattle. Among the molecular methods for genotyping, the most convenient are spoligotyping and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR). A total of 378 samples from bovines with visible lesions consistent with TB were collected at slaughterhouses in three provinces, yielding 265 M. bovis spoligotyped isolates, which were distributed into 35 spoligotypes. In addition, 197 isolates were also typed by the VNTR method and 54 combined VNTR types were detected. There were 24 clusters and 27 orphan types. When both typing methods were combined, 98 spoligotypes and VNTR types were observed with 27 clusters and 71 orphan types. By performing a meta-analysis with previous spoligotyping results, we identified regional and temporal trends in the population structure of M. bovis. For SB0140, the most predominant spoligotype in Argentina, the prevalence percentage remained high during different periods, varying from 25.5-57.8% (1994-2011). By contrast, the second and third most prevalent spoligotypes exhibited important fluctuations. This study shows that there has been an expansion in ancestral lineages as demonstrated by spoligotyping. However, exact tandem repeat typing suggests dynamic changes in the clonal population of this microorganism.

Numerosos modelos experimentais têm sido desenvolvimos para o estudo da síndrome do ovário policístico em ratos. No presente estudo, a síndrome foi inducida por exposição à luz constante. O processo foi avaliado durante sua indução e inclusive durante sua reversão. O ciclo estral foi analisado através de citologia vaginal; parámetros reprodutivos foram avaliados por acasalamento, bem como a morfologia ovariana. Todos animais desenvolveram a síndrome depois de 13 semanas de luz permanente. As características histológicas dos ovários, na semana 15, foram similares àquelas observadas na síndrome do ovário policístico em humanos e outras espécies. Após a regressão da síndrome, não houve diferenta em nenhum dos parámetros reprodutivos avaliados, quando comparados com o grupo controle.

Numerous experimental models have been developed for the study of the polycystic ovarian syndrome in the rat. In the present study, the syndrome was induced by exposure to constant light. The process was evaluated during its induction and also during its reversion. The estral cycle was analyzed through the vaginal cytology; reproductive parameters were evaluated by mating, as well as the ovarian morphology. All the animals developed the syndrome after 13 weeks of permanent light. The histologic characteristics of the ovaries, at week 15, were similar to those observed in the polycystic ovarian syndrome in human and other species. After regression of the syndrome, there was not difference in any of the evaluated reproductive parameters, when compared with the control group.