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ABSTRACT Background: Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (WLWH) are more likely to be infected with the oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). We assessed the prevalence of high-risk (HR) (16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/68/73/82), probable high-risk (pHR) (26/53/66), and low-risk (LR) (6/11/40/42/43/44/54/61/70) HPV types and their associated risk factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study of WLWH aged 18-64 years included one laboratory and eight HIV-specialty healthcare facilities in the pilot network. Descriptive statistics were used to assess sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Adjusted analyses were conducted to evaluate risk factors associated with HR and/or pHR HPV infection in WLWH. Results: From May/2021 to May/2022, 1,914 (92.5%) WLWH participated in the pilot study and had valid HPV-DNA results of self-collected vaginal samples. The median age of the participants was 45 years, 60.1% had ≥ 9 years of schooling, 80.5% were ≤ 18 years at first sexual intercourse, and 51.7% had > 4 sexual partners throughout life. The prevalence of any HPV type, HR HPV, pHR HPV, and LR HPV was 65.8%, 49.6%, 16.7%, and 40.0%, respectively. Age was inversely associated with pHR and/or HR-HPV (p < 0.001), and education level was inversely associated with HR-HPV (p = 0.003) types. Any HR or pHR was associated with being single (p = 0.029) and exchanging sex for drugs (p = 0.037). Conclusions: The prevalence of HPV, especially HR HPV, among WLWH is high in Brazil, highlighting the need for HPV screening in this population. Self-collection of vaginal samples is an important strategy for increasing testing access.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0277-2023

Atualização das Diretrizes Brasileiras de Valvopatias – 2020
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Tarasoutchi, Flavio

; Montera, Marcelo Westerlund

; Ramos, Auristela Isabel de Oliveira

; Sampaio, Roney Orismar

; Rosa, Vitor Emer Egypto

; Accorsi, Tarso Augusto Duenhas

; Santis, Antonio de

; Fernandes, João Ricardo Cordeiro

; Pires, Lucas José Tachotti

; Spina, Guilherme S.

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Lavitola, Paulo de Lara

; Ávila, Walkiria Samuel

; Paixão, Milena Ribeiro

; Bignoto, Tiago

; Togna, Dorival Júlio Della

; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

; Esteves, William Antônio de Magalhães

; Atik, Fernando

; Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano

; Moises, Valdir Ambrósio

; Kiyose, Alberto Takeshi

; Pomerantzeff, Pablo M. A.

; Lemos, Pedro A.

; Brito Junior, Fabio Sandoli de

; Weksler, Clara

; Brandão, Carlos Manuel de Almeida

; Poffo, Robinson

; Simões, Ricardo

; Rassi, Salvador

; Leães, Paulo Ernesto

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

; Pena, José Luiz Barros

; Jatene, Fabio Biscegli

; Barbosa, Márcia de Melo

; Abizaid, Alexandre

; Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa

; Bacal, Fernando

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Fonseca, José Honório de Almeida Palma da

; Ghorayeb, Samira Kaissar Nasr

; Lopes, Marcelo Antonio Cartaxo Queiroga

; Spina, Salvador Vicente

; Pignatelli, Ricardo H.

; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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oct 2020, Volume 115 N. 4 Pages 720 - 775

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20201047 17824 downloads

Levels of nicotine dependence in the elderly and cognitive impairment
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Assis, Ricardo Luís de Aguiar

; Junho, Bruno Terra

; Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

Salud mental

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aug 2020, Volume 43 N. 4 Pages 159 - 166

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction Health problems in elderly individuals are diverse. The use of cigarettes, a potentially addictive substance, has been increasing in the elderly population age group, affecting the cognitive and elderly domains, and becoming an important global public health problem. Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between tobacco consumption by the elderly, as well as different levels of nicotine dependence and cognitive domains of executive functions. Method It is a case-control study composed by 58 individuals aged ≥ 60 years, with 29 participants in the clinical group and 29 in the control group. The case-control sample was paired in subgroups by sex, socioeconomic status, schooling, and sample isonomy with the clinical group. We used the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, the Mann-Whitney test, the student T-test, and the Cohen d-estimator. Results The control group performed better compared to the clinical group with the median grade in the inhibitory control of the executive domain with Cohen’s d 1.00 in the five-digit test and Cohen’s 1.5 in the Stroop test. The control group compared with the high-grade clinical group presented better performance with Cohen’s working memory of 1.56 d, Cohen’s inhibition of 1.06 d in the five-digit test, and Cohen’s of 1.17 d in the Stroop test. Discussion and conclusion The detection of the level of nicotine dependence is associated with the degree of cognitive impairment in the specific executive domain, which provides a possibility of differential diagnosis, both in the clinical and population contexts, directed at the rehabilitation of executive domains most affected by smoking in the elderly.

Resumen Introducción Los problemas de salud en las personas mayores son diversos. El consumo de tabaco, una sustancia potencialmente adictiva, ha aumentado en el grupo de edad de la población de ancianos, afectando los dominios cognitivos y de ancianos, convirtiéndose en un importante problema de salud pública mundial. Objetivo Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la relación entre el consumo de tabaco en los ancianos, los diferentes niveles de dependencia de la nicotina y los dominios cognitivos de las funciones ejecutivas. Método Es un estudio de casos y controles, compuesto por 58 individuos de ≥ 60 años, con 29 participantes en el grupo clínico y 29 en el control. La muestra de casos y controles se emparejó en subgrupos por sexo, nivel socioeconómico, escolaridad e isonomía de la muestra con el grupo clínico. Se utilizaron la prueba de normalidad Shapiro-Wilk, la prueba de Mann-Whitney, la prueba Student T y el estimador d de Cohen. Resultados El grupo de control se desempeñó mejor en comparación con el grupo clínico con el grado medio en el control inhibitorio del dominio ejecutivo con Cohen’s d 1.00 en la prueba de cinco dígitos y Cohen’s 1.5 en la prueba de Stroop. En comparación con el grupo clínico de alto grado, el grupo de control presentó un mejor rendimiento con la memoria de trabajo de Cohen de 1.56 d, la inhibición de Cohen de 1.06 d en la prueba de cinco dígitos y la de Cohen de 1.17 d en la prueba de Stroop. Discusión y conclusión La detección del nivel de dependencia de la nicotina se asocia con el grado de deterioro cognitivo en el dominio ejecutivo específico, lo que brinda la posibilidad de un diagnóstico diferencial, tanto en el contexto clínico como en el de la población, dirigido a la rehabilitación de los dominios ejecutivos más afectados por el tabaquismo en los ancianos.

https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2020.022 390 downloads

Menor performance das funções executivas prediz maior consumo de álcool e tabaco em adolescentes
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Assis, Ricardo Luís de Aguiar

; Junho, Bruno Terra

; Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria

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sep 2019, Volume 68 N. 3 Pages 146 - 152

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo O estudo propôs-se a avaliar diferentes domínios das funções executivas em adolescentes como preditores ao uso de álcool e cigarro. Métodos Utilizou-se um delineamento transversal. A amostra foi composta por 239 adolescentes com idade média de 15,34 (±2,32). Os testes Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) e Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) avaliaram o uso de álcool e cigarro respectivamente. O Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) foi utilizado para rastreio de saúde mental. Os testes Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) e Continuous Performance Task (CPT) avaliaram os domínios executivos. Foi utilizado o estimador Odds Ratio adjusted (ORa). Resultados Os modelos logísticos ajustados demonstraram associação entre os domínios controle inibitório (ORa = 1.043; IC de 95% = 1,013-1,069; p = 0,001), flexibilidade cognitiva (ORa = 1.069; IC de 95% = 1,01-1,11; p = 0,001) e a tomada de decisão (ORa = 1.025; IC de 95% = 0,258-0,867; p < 0,014) e o uso de álcool. Também houve associação entre os domínios controle inibitório (ORa = 1.053; IC de 95% = 1,017-1,041; p = 0,003) e flexibilidade cognitiva (ORa =1.047; IC 95% = 1,004-1,250; p = 0,001) e o uso de cigarro. A faixa dos 14 aos 16 anos com 1,065 (ORa = 1.065; IC de 95% = 1,05-1,95; p = 0,010) razão de chances maiores para o uso de álcool e 1,067 (ORa = 1.067; IC de 95% = 0,156-1,453; p = 0,016) razão de chances para o uso de cigarro. Conclusão Os domínios cognitivos das funções executivas são fatores preditores associados ao uso de álcool e cigarro por adolescentes. Adolescentes com piores desempenhos nos domínios das funções executivas possuem maiores chances de fazer o uso de álcool ou cigarro.

ABSTRACT Objective The study proposes to evaluate different domains of executive functions in adolescents as predictors of alcohol and cigarette use. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 239 adolescents with a mean age of 15.34 (±2.32). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) evaluated alcohol and cigarette use respectively. Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) for mental health screening. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Continuous Performance Task (CPT) assessed executive domains. The adjusted Odds Ratio (ORa) was used. Results Adjusted logistic models showed an association between the inhibitory control domains (ORa = 1.043; 95% CI = 1.013-1.069; p = 0.001), cognitive flexibility (ORa = 1.069; 95% CI = 1.01-1.11; p = 0.001), and decision making (ORa = 1.025; 95% CI = 0.258-0.867; p < 0.014) and alcohol use. There was also an association between the inhibitory control domains (ORa = 1.053; 95% CI = 1.017-1.041; p = 0.003), and cognitive flexibility (ORa = 1.047; 95% CI = 1.004-1.250; p = 0.001), and tobacco use. The range from 14 to 16 years old with 1.065 (ORa = 1.065; 95% CI = 1.05-1.95; p = 0.010) was higher odds ratio for alcohol use, and 1.067 (ORa = 1.067; 95% CI = 0.156-1.453; p = 0.016) odds ratio for cigarette use. Conclusion The cognitive domains of executive functions are predictive factors associated with the use of alcohol and cigarettes by adolescents. Adolescents with worse performance in executive functions are more likely to use alcohol or cigarettes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000240 1595 downloads

Bafômetro positivo: correlatos do comportamento de beber e dirigir na cidade de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

; Salgado, Rogério de Souza

; Rocha, Mariela Campos

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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jan 2013, Volume 29 N. 1 Pages 51 - 61

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

As características dos condutores que adotam o comportamento do beber e dirigir ainda não foram bem estudadas no país. O presente estudo apresenta dados da prevalência e características dos motoristas sob a influência de álcool nas nove regionais da cidade de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram entrevistados 1.656 condutores. Desses, 1.254 (76%) aceitaram responder a um questionário estruturado e fazer o teste do bafômetro. O teste do bafômetro foi positivo para 15% dos condutores. O modelo de regressão logística prediz bafômetro positivo com chance 1,5 vez maior para os condutores com idade acima de 31 anos e 4,5 vezes maior para quem tem frequência de consumo de álcool pelo menos semanal. Além disso, condutores da regional Barreiro tem 2 vezes mais chances de apresentarem bafômetro positivo. Estudos localizados com metodologia dos postos de checagem da sobriedade podem monitorar o comportamento e características dos condutores, riscos no trânsito e direcionar políticas públicas para o beber e dirigir.

Few researches in Brazil have focused on factors associated with drinking and driving. The current study presents data on the prevalence and characteristics of individuals that drive under the influence of alcohol (DUI) in nine regions of the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. A total of 1,656 drivers were interviewed, of whom 1,254 (76%) agreed to answer a structured questionnaire and submit to the breathalyzer test. The breathalyzer test was positive in 15% of these drivers. The logistic regression model predicted 1.5 times higher odds of a positive breathalyzer test in drivers over 31 years of age and 4.5 times higher in individuals that reported at least weekly alcohol consumption. In addition, drivers in the Barreiro region showed two-fold odds of a positive breathalyzer test. Focused studies with sobriety checkpoints can monitor DUI behavior, drivers' characteristics, and traffic risks, meanwhile orienting public policies to prevent drinking and driving.

Las características de los conductores que adoptan la conducta de beber y conducir todavía no han sido bien estudiadas en el país. El presente estudio muestra datos de la prevalencia y características de los conductores bajo la influencia de alcohol en las nueve carreteras regionales de la ciudad de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Se entrevistaron a 1.656 conductores. De ellos, 1.254 (76%) aceptaron responder a un cuestionario estructurado y hacer el test del alcoholímetro. El test del alcoholímetro fue positivo para un 15% de los conductores. El modelo de regresión logística predice un alcoholímetro positivo con una probabilidad 1,5 vez mayor para los conductores de edad por encima de los 31 años y 4,5 veces mayor para quien tiene una frecuencia de consumo de alcohol por lo menos semanal. Asimismo, conductores de la regional Barreiro tienen 2 veces más probabilidad de presentar positivo en el alcoholímetro. Estudios localizados, con metodología de los puestos de control de alcoholemia, pueden supervisar el comportamiento y características de los conductores, los riesgos en el tráfico rodado y dirigir políticas públicas para evitar el alcohol y conducir de manera segura.

1895 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Bafômetro positivo: correlatos do comportamento de beber e dirigir na cidade de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

; Salgado, Rogério de Souza

; Rocha, Mariela Campos

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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jan 2013, Volume 29 N. 1 Pages 51 - 61

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

5005 downloads

O impacto da "Lei Seca" sobre o beber e dirigir em Belo Horizonte/MG
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Salgado, Rogério de Souza

; Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

; Duailibi, Sérgio

; Laranjeira, Ronaldo Ramos

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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apr 2012, Volume 17 N. 4 Pages 971 - 976

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar dados, de estudo comparativo, sobre a conduta de beber e dirigir na cidade de Belo Horizonte, no período de 2005 a 2009, avaliando o impacto da Lei 11.705, a "Lei Seca", de 20 de junho de 2008. Para tanto, dados de prevalência desta conduta, coletados em postos de fiscalização da sobriedade (Sobriety Checkpoints) - metodologia internacionalmente utilizada -, foram analisados a partir de amostras representativas de motoristas abordados em vias públicas de tráfego intenso dessa capital, permitindo a avaliação do impacto da nova Lei. Os resultados da análise destes dados apontaram para uma redução de cerca de 50% na prevalência de condutores dirigindo com algum nível de álcool no sangue, em 2008, quando comparados a 2007, o que coincide com a mudança na legislação. O estudo permitiu determinar que o impacto da Lei 11.705/2008 foi bastante expressivo, no sentido de modificar a conduta estudada. Entretanto, outras medidas de controle devem somar-se à mudança na legislação, para que seja buscada uma contínua redução na incidência do "beber e dirigir", favorecendo, assim, uma cultura de sobriedade no trânsito.

The scope of this paper is to present comparative data on drinking and driving behavior among drivers in Belo Horizonte in the State of Minas Gerais, in the period from 2005 to 2009, evaluating the impact of Law No. 11.705 (Prohibition), dated June 6, 2008. Data regarding prevalence of this behavior, collected at Sobriety Checkpoints (internationally used methodology) were analyzed using representative samples obtained from drivers on different public roads with intensive traffic in Belo Horizonte (2005-2009), thus permitting analysis of the impact of the new law. In 2008, the data showed a reduction of approximately 50% in the prevalence of individuals driving with any level of alcohol in the blood, when compared to 2007, after the change in legislation. This study showed that the impact caused by Law No.11.705 was marked in the sense of modifying the behavior under scrutiny. However, other control measures need to be added to the current legislation, in order to obtain a continuous reduction of drinking and driving behavior, thereby fostering a culture of sobriety on the road.

2861 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

O impacto da "Lei Seca" sobre o beber e dirigir em Belo Horizonte/MG
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Salgado, Rogério de Souza

; Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

; Duailibi, Sérgio

; Laranjeira, Ronaldo Ramos

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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apr 2012, Volume 17 N. 4 Pages 971 - 976

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

7769 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

Diet supplementation with phytase on performance of broiler chickens
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Lelis, Guilherme Rodrigues

; Albino, Luiz Fernando Teixeira

; Calderano, Arele Arlindo

; Tavernari, Fernando de Castro

; Rostagno, Horacio Santiago

; Campos, Anastácia Maria de Araújo

; Araújo, Wagner Azis Garcia de

; Ribeiro Junior, Valdir

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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apr 2012, Volume 41 N. 4 Pages 929 - 933

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The assay was carried out to determine the effect of phytase supplementation on performance of broilers from 1 to 21 and 1 to 40 days of age. Twelve hundred and fifty male broilers (Ross) were distributed in a randomized experimental design, with five treatments, 10 repetitions and 25 birds per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of evaluating the phytase supplementation in diets with reductions in nutritional levels, compared with the positive control. The nutrient contents in negative controls one and two were reduced progressively and these diets were supplemented with phytase levels of 250 and 500 ftu/kg of the diet, respectively. Two diets were formulated: pre-starter/starter, 1-21 days, and growth/finishing, from 21 to 40 days). In both phases, with the phytase supplementation in diets that had their nutritional levels reduced (negative control one + 250 ftu and negative control two + 500 ftu), feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion of the birds were similar to the positive control. In the period from 1 to 40 days of age, with the diets supplemented with phytase, the productive efficiency index of the birds was similar to that of the positive control group. Supplementation with 250 ftu/kg and 500 ftu/kg phytase in diets with reduced nutritional levels improved broiler performance, resulting in parameters similar to those shown by broilers fed with the diet with normal levels of nutrients.

3677 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

10.

Chemical composition and metabolizable energy values of feedstuffs for broiler chickens
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Silva, Eliane Aparecida da

; Albino, Luiz Fernando Teixeira

; Rostagno, Horacio Santiago

; Ribeiro Junior, Valdir

; Vieira, Rodolfo Alves

; Campos, Anastácia Maria de Araújo

; Messias, Rodrigo Knop Guazzi

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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mar 2012, Volume 41 N. 3 Pages 648 - 654

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The objective of this study was to estimate the values of apparent metabolizable energy and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance and determine the chemical composition of the following feedstuffs: babassu meal, sunflower meal, corn gluten meal, babassu starch flour, meat and bones meal, beans, millet, cookies residue, pasta residue and bread-making residue. The traditional method of excreta collection was used with broilers in the period of 14 to 24 days of age, which were distributed in a completely randomized design with eleven treatments and six replicates of six birds each. Each feedstuff replaced the reference diet at levels of 30 or 40% depending on the type of feedstuff. Chicks were housed in cages fitted with trays to collect the excreta. The apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (kcal/kg) on the natural matter of feedstuffs were: babassu meal, 1,116; sunflower meal, 1,607; corn gluten meal, 3,826; babassu flour starch, 1,731; meat and bone flour, 2,524; common beans, 693; millet, 3,046; cookies residue, 3,351; pasta residue, 3,543 and bread-making residue, 3,494.

6184 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

11.

Beber e dirigir: características de condutores com bafômetro positivo
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Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

; Salgado, Rogério

; Rocha, Mariela Campos

; Duailibi, Sérgio

; Laranjeira, Ronaldo

Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo)

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2012, Volume 39 N. 5 Pages 166 - 171

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

CONTEXTO: O beber e dirigir não foi suficientemente estudado no Brasil até agora. OBJETIVO: Apresentar dados do primeiro levantamento sobre o comportamento do beber e dirigir de um estado do Brasil. MÉTODO: Foram conduzidas 1.799 entrevistas anônimas com motoristas em postos de checagem de sobriedade em 10 cidades, representando as 10 regiões geográficas do estado de Minas Gerais. Desses motoristas, 1.209 (67,2%) responderam a um questionário estruturado e aceitaram o teste do bafômetro. RESULTADOS: Vinte por cento dos motoristas estavam dirigindo com níveis de alcoolemia acima do limite legal. A análise de regressão logística, controlada por sexo, foi utilizada para predizer bafômetro positivo. Essa análise mostrou chance aumentada de bafômetro positivo para condutor com idade acima de 31 anos que tem frequência de consumo de álcool de, pelo menos, um a dois dias na semana e para quem não usa o cinto de segurança. CONCLUSÃO: Estudos localizados com metodologia similares realizados em postos de checagem da sobriedade podem monitorar o comportamento dos condutores e os riscos no trânsito e direcionar políticas públicas sobre o beber e dirigir.

CONTEXT: Drinking and driving has not been adequately studied in Brazil so far. OBJECTIVE: The present study presents data from the first survey on drinking and driving behavior in a Brazilian state. METHOD: One thousand seven hundred ninety-nine anonymous interviews were conducted with drivers at sobriety checkpoints in ten cities representing the ten geographic regions of the state of Minas Gerais. Of those drivers, 1,209 (67.2%) responded to a subsequent structured questionnaire and agreed to take a breathalyzer test. RESULTS: Twenty percent of the drivers were driving with blood alcohol levels over the legal limit. Logistic regression analysis, controlled by sex, was used to predict positive breathalyzer test. Drivers over the age of 31 years with an alcohol consumption frequency of at least 1-2 days per week, who were not using seat belts, showed an increased probability of positive breathalyzer test. DISCUSSION: Studies with a similar methodology conducted in sobriety checkpoints can monitor the behavior of drivers and risks in traffic, and direct public policy on drinking and driving.

7543 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

12.

Neuropsychological assessment of impulsive behavior in abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects
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Salgado, João Vinicius

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro Fernandes

; Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

; Abrantes, Suzana Silva Costa

; Fuentes, Daniel

; Bechara, Antoine

; Correa, Humberto

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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mar 2009, Volume 31 N. 1 Pages 4 - 9

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: O controle deficiente dos impulsos é considerado uma das características da dependência do álcool. A capacidade de permanecer abstinente pode estar ligada a viés cognitivo relacionado a três dimensões da impulsividade: motora, de atenção e por falta de planejamento. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o perfil neuropsicológico relacionado a estas dimensões da impulsividade em pacientes dependentes de álcool em 15 a 120 dias de abstinência. MÉTODO: Nós comparamos o desempenho de 31 pacientes dependentes de álcool a 30 controles saudáveis na Continuous Performance Task, no Iowa Gambling Test e no Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, que são considerados testes capazes de avaliar primariamente as citadas dimensões de impulsividade. RESULTADOS: Em relação aos controles, o grupo pacientes dependentes de álcool cometeu mais erros de comissão na Continuous Performance Task; fez escolhas menos vantajosas no Iowa Gambling Test e mais erros perseverativos no Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Não houve correlação significativa entre o desempenho nestes testes e o tempo de abstinência. CONCLUSÕES: Estes resultados sugerem que há déficits relacionados aos componentes da impulsividade (motores, atencionais e por não-planejamento) em pacientes dependentes de álcool, no período imediatamente após a fase aguda de retirada do álcool. Estes resultados podem ajudar a guiar intervenções para impedir o risco do recaída em pacientes em curto período de abstinência de álcool.

OBJECTIVE: Poor impulse control is thought to be one of the characteristics of alcohol addiction. The capacity to remain abstinent may be linked to cognitive bias related to three dimensions of impulsivity: motor, non-planning, and attentional impulsivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuropsychological profile related to these impulsivity dimensions in alcohol-dependent patients within 15 -120 days of abstinence. METHOD: We compared 31 alcohol-dependent patients to 30 matched healthy controls regarding their performances on the Continuous Performance Task, the Iowa Gambling Test, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, each of which is thought to tax primarily one of the three dimensions of impulsivity just outlined. RESULTS: When compared to controls, alcohol-dependent patients presented more commission errors on the Continuous Performance Task; made more disadvantageous choices on the Iowa Gambling Test; and made more perseverative errors on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. There was no significant correlation between performance on these tests and the length of abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that deficits related to motor, non-planning and attentional components of impulsivity exist in alcohol-dependent patients, in the period immediately after acute alcohol withdrawal. These results may help guide interventions designed to prevent the risk of relapse in alcohol-abstinent patients.

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13.

Prevalência do beber e dirigir em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

; Salgado, Rogério

; Rocha, Mariela Campos

; Duailibi, Sérgio

; Laranjeira, Ronaldo

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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apr 2008, Volume 24 N. 4 Pages 829 - 834

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os problemas decorrentes do consumo de álcool em motoristas são estudados internacionalmente, e estudos epidemiológicos indicam alta prevalência de morbidade e mortalidade relacionadas ao beber e dirigir, entretanto existem escassos dados nacionais a respeito. Neste presente estudo, 913 condutores de veículos foram parados, em vias públicas de tráfego com maiores concentrações de bares, restaurantes e casas noturnas, em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil e solicitados que respondessem a um questionário e fizessem o teste do bafômetro ativo. Esta pesquisa foi realizada no mês de dezembro de 2005 e dezembro de 2006. Para tanto, adotamos a metodologia do tipo pontos de fiscalização de sobriedade utilizada internacionalmente. Na nossa amostra, 38,0% dos motoristas apresentavam algum traço de álcool no ar expirado e 19,6% estavam com níveis de álcool iguais ou acima dos limites legais (0,6g/l). Esses dados foram cinco vezes maiores do que aqueles encontrados em pesquisas semelhantes, em outros países. Os achados deste estudo sugerem a relevância do problema na cidade de Belo Horizonte (e provavelmente no Brasil), a necessidade de pesquisas permanentes, do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas específicas para o assunto e do eficaz cumprimento da lei existente.

Problems resulting from alcohol consumption by drivers have been studied worldwide, and epidemiological research points to high injury and death rates related to drinking-and-driving. However, equivalent data are limited in Brazil. In this study, 913 drivers were stopped on public roads with heavy traffic and high concentrations of bars, restaurants, and nightclubs in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, and asked to answer a questionnaire and submit to an active breathalyzer test. The study was done in December 2005 and December 2006. The study adopted the internationally accepted sobriety checkpoint method. In the sample, 38.0% of drivers showed some trace of alcohol in their exhaled air, and 19.6% were at or above the legal limit (0.6g/l). These figures were five times those found in similar surveys in other countries. The findings suggest a critical drinking-and-driving problem in Belo Horizonte (and probably elsewhere in Brazil) and the need for on-going research, the development of specific public policies to deal with the problem, and effective enforcement of the existing law.

4067 downloads Cited 6 times in SciELO

14.

Prevalência do beber e dirigir em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Campos, Valdir Ribeiro

; Salgado, Rogério

; Rocha, Mariela Campos

; Duailibi, Sérgio

; Laranjeira, Ronaldo

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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- Sobre o periódico
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apr 2008, Volume 24 N. 4 Pages 829 - 834

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

1383 downloads Cited 6 times in SciELO

15.

Um caso de leishmaniose cutâneo-mucosa tratado com sucesso com baixa dose de antimonial pentavalente
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Amato, Valdir Sabbaga

; Oliveira, Luciana Silveira de

; Silva, Anita Campos Mendonça

; Machado, Flávia Ribeiro

; Amato, Juliane Gomes de Paula

; Nicodemo, Antônio Carlos

; Amato Neto, Vicente

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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apr 1998, Volume 31 N. 2 Pages 221 - 224

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os autores relatam um caso de leishmaniose cutâneo-mucosa em uma paciente de 89 anos, diabética e hipertensa, tratada inicialmente com alopurinol por 10 meses não havendo cicatrização das lesões. Posteriormente, recebeu antimoniato de N-metil glucamina (glucantime) por 4 dias, na dose total de 2.380mg do Sb v, mas desenvolveu cardiotoxicidade e hipocalemia, sendo suspenso o tratamento, entretanto, evoluiu com regressão clínica total das lesões, apesar de ter recebido pequena dose desta medicação.

The authors report a case of a 89 years-old woman with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and previous diabetes mellitus and high blood pression, who had been treated with allopurinol for 10 months without healing of lesions. Afterwards, she has been treated with meglumine antimonate, "glucantime" for 4 days, with a total dose 2,380mg of Sb v, but developed cardiacs side effects and hypokalemia, hence the treatment was wihtdrawn. However, this patient developed total clinical regression of lesions, in spite of she has been recieved low dose of this drug .

4326 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

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