ABSTRACT Mistletoe is an important nutritional resource for the frugivorous ornithological fauna in several ecosystems. However, in great intensity, they can reduce the vigor of their host trees, requiring adequate management in urban afforestation, without depleting this source of food for birds. The hypothesis that there are hemiparasites with host specificity was the reason for this study. Thus, a floristic census of the trees was carried out at UFMT, campus Cuiabá; the infestation by genus of hemiparasite present was recorded, in quantity and degree of infestation, in addition to the quantification of seeds of the hemiparasite germinated without the development of the vegetative part, whose cotyledons necrotized and died. A total of 4265 tree individuals were evaluated, distributed in 46 families, in which 16,52% were identified of the genera Phoradendron, Psittacanthus, and Struthanthus, of which about 90,0% were Psittacanthus. The highest infestation occurred in 24 families, highlighting Fabaceae (28,3%) and Combretaceae (25,6%), and the species Terminalia catappa, Anadenanthera peregrina, and Vatairea macrocarpa. The presence of germinated seeds of the hemiparasite with dead cotyledons varies between tree species and between individuals of the same species. The highlight was in Rutaceae, Arecaceae, and Rubiaceae, and in the species Acrocomia aculeata, Caryocar villosum, and Genipa americana L. that present individuals with natural control potential, even with the presence of frugivorous ornithological fauna and the dispersion of the hemiparasite. In general, the intensity and degree of infestation are low, and there is no infestation in the Caryocaceae, Rutaceae, and Rubiaceae families, highlighting the species Caryocar villosum, Murraya paniculata and Alibertia edulis.

RESUMO As ervas-de-passarinho compõem um importante recurso nutricional para a fauna ornitológica frugívora em vários ecossistemas. Porém, em grande intensidade, podem diminuir o vigor de suas árvores hospedeiras sendo necessário manejo adequado na arborização urbana, sem exaurir essa fonte de alimento aos pássaros. A hipótese de que existam hemiparasitos com especificidade de hospedeiro foi a motivação para este trabalho. Assim, foi realizado censo florístico arbóreo na UFMT, campus Cuiabá; registrada a infestação por gênero de hemiparasito presente, em quantidade e grau de infestação, além da quantificação de sementes do hemiparasito germinadas sem o desenvolvimento da parte vegetativa, cujos cotilédones necrosaram e morreram. Avaliaram-se 4265 indivíduos arbóreos, distribuídos em 46 famílias nas quais 16.52% foram identificados os gêneros Phoradendron, Psittacanthus e Struthanthus, dos quais cerca de 90.0% eram Psittacanthus: A maior infestação ocorreu em 24 famílias, destacando-se Fabaceae (28.3%) e Combretaceae (25.6%) e as espécies Terminalia catappa, Anadenanthera peregrina e Vatairea macrocarpa: A presença de sementes germinadas do hemiparasito com cotilédones mortos é variável entre as espécies arbóreas e entre os indivíduos da mesma espécie. O destaque foi em Rutaceae, Areacaceae e Rubiaceae, e nas espécies Acrocomia aculeata, Caryocar villosum e Genipa americana L: que apresentam indivíduos com potencial natural de controle, mesmo com a presença da fauna ornitológica frugívora e a dispersão do hemiparasito. De forma geral, a intensidade e o grau de infestação são baixos e não há infestação nas famílias Caryocaceae, Rutaceae e Rubiaceae, com destaque para as espécies Caryocar villosum, Murraya paniculata e Alibertia edulis.

Abstract Management programs and efficient techniques are necessary to recover degraded ecosystems. The sewage sludge is rich in nitrogen (N) and with the potential to fertilize Sapindus saponaria L. (Sapinales: Sapindaceae), used in the recovery of degraded areas; this can affect the insect fauna. The study's objective was to evaluate, for 24 months, the abundance of chewing insects, dipterans, pollinators, and predators on S. saponaria plants fertilized with or without dehydrated sewage sludge in a degraded area. The experimental design was completely randomized (with the same characteristics) with two treatments (with or without dehydrated sewage sludge) and 24 replicates, each with one plant. The abundance of Anastrepha sp. (Tephritidae), Cerotoma sp. (Chrysomelidae), Curculionidae, Musca domestica L. (Muscidae), Mantis religiosa L. (Mantodea: Mantidae), Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera), and Teudis sp. (Anyphaenidae) was higher on fertilized plants. The abundances of Teudis sp. and Tmarus sp. (Thomisidae) and M. religiosa and Teudis sp. were positively correlated with chewing insects and Diptera, respectively. The population increase of insects and spiders on S. saponaria plants fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge (bigger crowns) has shown to be suitable for recovering degraded areas with a higher number of niches and better food quality, improving the ecological indices of the area.

Resumo A degradação de ecossistemas torna necessário programas de manejo e técnicas eficientes para recuperá-los. O lodo de esgoto é rico em nitrogênio e com potencial para adubar Sapindus saponaria L. (Sapinales: Sapindaceae), utilizada na recuperação de áreas degradadas, mas isto pode afetar a fauna de insetos. O objetivo foi avaliar, durante 24 meses, abundância de insetos mastigadores, dípteros, polinizadores e predadores em plantas de S. saponaria fertilizadas ou não com lodo de esgoto desidratado, em área degradada. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualisado com dois tratamentos (com ou sem lodo desidratado de esgoto) e 24 repetições, cada uma com uma planta. A abundância de Anastrepha sp. (Tephritidae), Cerotoma sp. (Chrysomelidae), Curculionidae, Musca domestica L. (Muscidae), Mantis religiosa L. (Mantodea: Mantidae), Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) e Teudis sp. (Anyphaenidae) foi maior em plantas adubadas. A abundância de Teudis sp. e Tmarus sp. (Thomisidae) e M. religiosa e Teudis sp. foi, positivamente, correlacionada com as de insetos mastigadores e Diptera, respectivamente. O aumento populacional de insetos e aranhas em plantas de S. saponaria, adubada com lodo desidratado de esgoto (maiores copas), mostra ser adequado para a recuperação de áreas degradadas, tendo essas plantas um maior número de nichos e com alimento de melhor qualidade, melhorando os índices ecológicos na área.

Resumen El conocimiento detallado de la estructura de las plantaciones de teca es necesario para los planes de gestión sostenible. La integración de variables de teledetección con la modelización geoestadística en plantaciones de teca ha sido poco estudiada y, por tanto, el objetivo consistía en modelizar la distribución espacial de las variables del rodal de teca, incorporando covariables. El estudio se realizó en plantaciones de teca de 19 años en Brasil con 213 hectáreas en el espacio inicial de 3 m x 3 m. Se asignaron parcelas georreferenciadas de 900 m² y se obtuvieron las variables forestales después del clareo. Los índices de vegetación se calcularon a partir de operaciones aritméticas ejecutadas entre las bandas de imágenes Landsat. La interpolación de las variables forestales se procedió por el método geoestadístico univariante de kriging ordinario, así como por el método multivariante de kriging con deriva externa, considerando las variables de teledetección como covariables. El análisis estadístico de las variables de teledetección muestra una discreta correlación lineal con las variables de la teca, lo que tiende a hacer inviable su uso como covariables en la modelización geoestadística. Sin embargo, el kriging con deriva externa predice los patrones espaciales de las variables forestales con mayor detalle, lo que da como resultado a posibles errores de suavización menores que los obtenidos por el kriging ordinario, y proporciona recomendaciones más precisas para la gestión localizada en plantaciones de teca. La integración de variables de teledetección en el inventario forestal mediante geoestadística es ventajosa para cartografiar la distribución espacial de las variables de los rodales de teca.

Abstract Detailed knowledge of teak stand structure is necessary for sustainable management plans. The integration of remote sensing variables with geostatistical modeling in teak forest stands has not been sufficiently studied and, therefore, the aim was to model the spatial distribution of teak stand variables, adding covariables. The study was carried out on 19-year-old teak stand in Brazil with 213 hectares in the initial spatial of 3 m x 3 m. Geo-referenced plots of 900 m² were allocated, and forest variables were obtained after thinning. Vegetation indices were calculated from arithmetic operations conducted between the Landsat image bands. The interpolation of forest variables was performed by the geostatistical univariate method of ordinary kriging, as well as by the multivariate method of kriging with external drift, considering the remote sensing variables as covariables. Statistical analysis of remote sensing variables shows a weak linear correlation with teak variables, which tends to make them unviable to use as covariables in geostatistical modeling. However, kriging with external drift predicts spatial patterns of forest variables with greater detail, which results in lower possible smoothing errors than those obtained by ordinary kriging and provides more accurate recommendations for localized management in teak stand. The integration of remote sensing variables in forest inventory through geostatistics is advantageous for mapping the spatial distribution of teak stand variables.

Abstract This article describes the methodology used to train and test a Deep Neural Network (DNN) with Photoplethysmography (PPG) data performing a regression task to estimate the Respiratory Rate (RR). The DNN architecture is based on a model used to infer the heart rate (HR) from noisy PPG signals, which is optimized to the RR problem using genetic optimization. Two open-access datasets were used in the tests, the BIDMC and the CapnoBase. With the CapnoBase dataset, the DNN achieved a median error of 1.16 breaths/min, which is comparable with analytical methods in the literature, in which the best error found is 1.1 breaths/min (excluding the 8 % noisiest data). The BIDMC dataset seems to be more challenging, as the minimum median error of the literature’s methods is 2.3 breaths/min (excluding 6 % of the noisiest data), and the DNN based approach achieved a median error of 1.52 breaths/min with the whole dataset.

Resumen Este trabajo presenta una metodología para entrenar y probar una red neuronal profunda (Deep Neural Network – DNN) con datos de fotopletismografías (Photoplethysmography – PPG), con la finalidad de llevar a cabo una tarea de regresión para estimar la frecuencia respiratoria (Respiratory Rate – RR). La arquitectura de la DNN está basada en un modelo utilizado para inferir la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) a partir de señales PPG ruidosas. Dicho modelo se ha optimizado a través de algoritmos genéticos. En las pruebas realizadas se usaron BIDMC y CapnoBase, dos conjuntos de datos de acceso abierto. Con CapnoBase, la DNN logró un error de la mediana de 1,16 respiraciones/min, que es comparable con los métodos analíticos reportados en la literatura, donde el mejor error es 1,1 respiraciones/min (excluyendo el 8 % de datos más ruidosos). Por otro lado, el conjunto de datos BIDMC aparenta ser más desafiante, ya que el error mínimo de la mediana de los métodos reportados en la literatura es de 2,3 respiraciones/min (excluyendo el 6 % de datos más ruidosos). Para este conjunto de datos la DNN logra un error de mediana de 1,52 respiraciones / min

Resumo Fundamento: O impacto dos fatores de risco (FR) sobre a morbimortalidade por doença cardiovascular (DCV) na maioria dos países de língua portuguesa (PLP) é pouco conhecido. Objetivo: Analisar a morbimortalidade por DCV atribuível aos FR e sua variação nos PLP de 1990 a 2019, a partir de estimativas do estudo Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019. Métodos: Avaliamos as mudanças nos FR ocorridas no período, as taxas de mortalidade e os anos de vida perdidos por incapacidade (DALYs), padronizados por idade, entre 1990 e 2019. Realizou-se a correlação entre a variação percentual das taxas de mortalidade e o índice sociodemográfico (SDI) de cada PLP pelo método de Spearman. O valor p<0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. Resultados: A pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) elevada foi o principal fator de risco para mortalidade e DALY por DCV para todos os PLP. A mortalidade por DCV mostrou uma tendência de redução em 2019, maior em Portugal (-66,6%, IC95% -71,0 - -61,2) e no Brasil (-49,8%, IC95% -52,5 - -47,1). Observou-se tendência à correlação inversa entre SDI e a variação percentual da mortalidade, que foi significativa para os riscos dietéticos (r=-0,70, p=0,036), colesterol LDL elevado (r=-0,77, p=0,015) e PAS elevada (r=-0,74, p=0,023). Conclusões: Além da PAS, os FR dietéticos e metabólicos justificaram uma maior variação da carga de DCV, correlacionada com o SDI nos PLP, sugerindo a necessidade de adoção de políticas de saúde adaptadas à realidade de cada país, visando a redução de seu impacto sobre a população.

Abstract Background: The impact of risk factors (RF) on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) for most Portuguese-speaking countries (PSC) is little known. Objectives: We aimed to analyze the morbidity and mortality from CVD attributable to RF and its variation, from 1990 to 2019, in PSC, based on estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. Methods: We evaluated changes in cardiovascular RF, mortality rates and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) between 1990 and 2019. The correlation between percentage changes in mortality rates and the sociodemographic index (SDI) of each PSC was evaluated by the Spearman method. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) was the main RF for mortality and DALYs for CVD for all PSC. Mortality from CVD showed a downward trend in 2019, more accentuated in Portugal (-66.6%, 95%CI -71.0 - -61.2) and in Brazil (-49.8%, 95%CI -52.5 - -47.1). There was a trend towards an inverse correlation between SDI and the percent change in mortality, which was significant for dietary risks (r=-0.70, p=0.036), high LDL cholesterol (r=-0.77, p=0.015) and high SBP (r=-0.74, p=0.023). Conclusions: In addition to SBP, dietary and metabolic RF justified a greater variation in the burden of CVD correlated with SDI in the PSC, suggesting the need to adopt health policies adapted to the reality of each country, aiming to reduce their impact on population.

Abstract The aim was to investigate the feasibility of using a device to characterize permeability in porous substrates with low gas flux. Al2O3 supports were prepared by dry pressing using 1 to 3 wt% of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a pore-forming agent. The green body was partially sintered at 1300 ºC. CO2 gas was used to measure both the pressure loss and the gas flux passing through the porous substrate. The permeability behavior was analyzed by the Darcy and Forchheimer models. The correlation between Darcy’s and Forchheimer’s permeabilities showed that the porous substrates may be used as membranes for micro, ultra, and nanofiltration. The mechanical resistance and the gas permeability exhibited antagonistic dependencies in relation to porosity, being identified as an optimized condition at 2 wt% PEG, in which the two properties presented high values.

RESUMEN Introducción La leishmaniasis visceral (LV) es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por protozoos del género Leishmania; predomina en las regiones tropicales, subtropicales y templadas. Objetivo Caracterizar una serie de casos de LV en pacientes mayores de 18 años atendidos en un hospital de referencia del norte de Minas Gerais, así como describir la ocurrencia de casos, según la caracterización climatológica, y correlacionar la distribución de los casos con la lluvia y la temperatura ambiente. Métodos El diseño del estudio fue una serie de casos recopilados entre 1999 y 2016. Los datos se extrajeron de historias clínicas seleccionadas cronológicamente. La información climática se recopiló en el Centro de estudios del Semiárido de la Universidad Federal de Montes Claros (Unimontes). Resultados Hubo un ligero predominio del sexo masculino (54,4%) y de edades comprendidas entre uno y cuatro años (42,9%). El tiempo de evolución de las manifestaciones clínicas hasta el momento de la hospitalización osciló entre cinco y 120 días, siendo la duración más frecuente entre 16 y 30 días (34,4%). Hepatomegalia, esplenomegalia, palidez cutánea y fiebre fueron manifestaciones presentes en más del 90% de los pacientes al ingreso. El diagnóstico se realizó por métodos serológicos en la mayoría de los casos (85,9%). La mayor parte de los ingresos duró entre 16 y 30 días (44%) y el alta hospitalaria con orientación para el control ambulatorio fue el resultado más frecuente de los ingresos. El porcentaje de muertes fue del 2%. Conclusión Las características predominantes son niños varones de 1 a 4 años, que acudió al servicio de salud con la clásica tríada LV: hepatoesplenomegalia, palidez y fiebre prolongada. En este estudio no hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa entre temperatura, precipitación y número de casos, sin embargo, existen matices en los factores ambientales que influyen en la dinámica de transmisión de LV, los cuales varían de región a otra.

ABSTRACT The Atlantic Forest is a biome that has suffered anthropic actions, such as the extraction of hardwood, which can lead to the extinction of endemic species of great economic and ecological value, such as Dalbergia nigra. In this perspective, large-scale multiplication studies are necessary to contribute to the conservation of this species. The objective of this work was to establish a protocol for the in vitro production of axenic seedlings of D. nigra. Four experiments were performed: I. Immersion times in NaOCl. II. Disinfecting agents in seed germination of D. nigra. III. NaOCl toxicity in seeds of the model species Lactuca sativa L. IV. Culture media and glutamine in the germination and initial growth of D. nigra. All experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design. For a better disinfestation and less harmful effects to the seedlings, it is recommended that the seeds be treated with 70% alcohol (1 min) and NaOCl (14 min). NaOCl has a high phytotoxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effect, and its mechanism of action in the L. sativa cell cycle is clastogenic and aneugenic, suggesting the formation of abnormal seedlings in D. nigra. The WPM medium and its supplementation with glutamine (0.75 mg.L-1) are recommended.

Abstract Backgraund and objective. The increase in bariatric surgery as an alternative to the treatment of both the metabolic syndrome and obesity and overweight leads to multiple bodily deformities, among these one of the most complex are mammary alterations. The surgical treatment of these alterations depends on an adequate diagnosis and a suitable technique able to reshape the mammary aesthetics. The objective of this research is to define the importance of fat grafting as a procedure prior to breast-plasty in patients with post-weight loss. Methods. A retrospective and linear study was performed in 124 patients, who underwent 158 consecutive procedures between January 2009 and December 2019, age range between 18 and 72 years. The evaluated procedures allowed correction of different breast deformities such as hypotrophy or breast atrophy, ptosis, asymmetries, lateral positioning of the nipple areola complex, loss of the upper pole projection, skin flaccidity associated with persistent body lipodystrophy, previous body contour surgeries, and patient´s age and body mass index (BMI). Results. A total of 158 procedures were performed which the highest percentage was of triple flap interposition (28%, 44 procedures), followed by breast fat grafting (27%, 42 procedures) and triple flap interposition with silicone implants (19%, 30 procedures). The fat graft to breast was performed in 40.50% of the total procedures performed, with a mean infiltrated fat volume corresponded to 450.60 ml. Conclusions. We recommend performing fat grafts in all patients undergoing breast remodeling procedures after massive weight loss in order to volumetrically recompose the breast and rebuild skin, parenchymal and muscular structures, with breast fat transfer being the only way definitive filling of the upper pole. In addition, local flaps represent not only a form of volumetric augmentation of the breast but also a possibility of improving the breast contour and upper body segment.

Resumen Introducción y objetivo. El aumento de la cirugía bariátrica como alternativa al tratamiento tanto del síndrome metabólico como de la obesidad y el sobrepeso, conlleva múltiples deformidades corporales, entre las que unas de las más complejas son las alteraciones mamarias. Su tratamiento quirúrgico depende de un diagnóstico y técnica adecuados, capaces de remodelar la estética mamaria. El objetivo de esta investigación es definir la importancia del injerto de grasa como procedimiento previo a la mamoplastia en pacientes que han sufrido grandes pérdidas ponderales. Material y método. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo, lineal, en 124 pacientes sometidas a 158 procedimientos quirúrgicos consecutivos entre enero de 2009 y diciembre de 2019, con rango de edad entre 18 y 72 años. Evaluamos los procedimientos para la corrección de las diversas deformidades mamarias tales como, hipotrofia o atrofia mamaria, ptosis, asimetrías, posicionamiento lateralizado del complejo areola pezón, pérdida de la proyección del polo superior, flacidez cutánea asociada a lipodistrofia corporal persistente, cirugías previas de contorno corporal, así como la edad y el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Resultados. El mayor porcentaje de procedimientos correspondió a la triple interposición de colgajos (28%, 44 procedimientos), seguida del injerto de grasa mamaria (27%, 42 procedimientos) y la triple interposición de colgajos con implante de silicona (19%, 30 procedimientos). Se realizó injerto graso mamario en un 40.50% de los procedimientos realizados, con una media de volumen graso infiltrado de 450.60 ml. Conclusiones. Recomendamos la realización de injertos de grasa en todas las pacientes sometidas a cirugía de remodelación mamaria secundaria a pérdida masiva de peso con el fin de recomponer volumétricamente la mama y reconstruir estructuras cutáneas, parenquimatosas y musculares, siendo la transferencia de grasa mamaria la única forma de relleno definitiva del polo superior. Los colgajos locales representan no solo una forma de aumento volumétrico de la mama sino también una posibilidad de mejorar el contorno mamario y el segmento superior del cuerpo.

The aim of this work was to develop a method using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS) for the determination and speciation analysis of the inorganic and organic species of arsenic found most often in rice samples: As(V), As(III), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). The best chromatographic resolution was obtained using pH 6.2, a phosphate buffer mobile phase concentration of 20 mmol L-1 and flow rate of 0.57 mL min-1, HCl concentration of 5.55% (v/v), and NaBH4 concentration of 0.90% (w/v). The accuracy of the method was confirmed by the low relative error values obtained for analysis of a certified reference material (NIST 1568b): 6.63% (total inorganic As), 3.44% (DMA), 0% (MMA), and 0.53% (total As). In recovery tests, the proposed method achieved satisfactory recoveries in the range 86-110%.

ABSTRACT The development of tissue cultured-based protocols applied to braúna, an endangeres species, would be though highly desirable. However, contamination-free explants are determinant for the success of this technique, which might be vulnerable to the toxicity of disinfectants. Here, we aimed at establishing an efficient protocol for in vitro production of axenic seedlings of braúna and to evaluate the toxicity of disinfectant agents in the Lactuca sativa model species. Experiments I and II: Seeds were treated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and fungicide captan, with and without residue, by different immersion times, respectively. The following were analyzed: contamination; germination and normal and abnormal seedlings. Experiment III: Lettuce seeds placed in Petri dishes were exposed to 2.5 mL captan at 0.5; 1; 2; 4 and 8%; 0.01% glyphosate and distilled water. The germination, length of seedlings, cell cycle, nuclear and chromosomal alterations of the cells of the root meristem were assesed. The isolated use of NaOCl was not efficient in the disinfestation of braúna seeds. However, the immersion of the seeds in captan, for 10 minutes with its residue, led to higher germination and vigor indexes; however, resulted in the formation of abnormal seedlings. This compound exhibited toxicity in the lettuce model seeds because affected the germination and the whole development of the seedlings, showing clastogenic and aneugenic action in the meristematic cell cycle.

ABSTRACT Heavy rainfall in conjunction with an increase in population and intensification of agricultural activities have resulted in countless problems related to flooding in watersheds. Among the techniques available for direct surface runoff (DSR) modeling and flood risk management are the Unit Hydrograph (UH) and Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (IUH). This study focuses on the evaluation of predictive capability of two conceptual IUH models (Nash and Clark), considering their original (NIUH and CIUH) and geomorphological approaches (NIUHGEO and CIUHGEO), and their advantages over two traditional synthetics UH models - Triangular (TUH) and Dimensionless (DUH), to estimate DSR hydrographs taking as reference two Brazilian watersheds with contrasting geomorphological and climatic characteristics. The main results and conclusions were: i) there was an impact of the differences in physiographical characteristics between watersheds, especially those parameters associated with soil; the dominant rainfall patterns in each watershed had an influence on flood modeling; and ii) CIUH was the most satisfactory model for both watersheds, followed by NIUH, and both models had substantial superiority over synthetic models traditionally employed; iii) although geomorphological approaches for IUH had performances slightly better than TUH and DUH, they should not be considered as standard tools for flood modeling in these watersheds.

Abstract Background: Cnidarians produce toxins, which are composed of different polypeptides that induce pharmacological effects of biotechnological interest, such as antitumor, antiophidic and anti-clotting activities. This study aimed to evaluate toxicological activities and potential as antitumor and antiophidic agents contained in total extracts from five cnidarians: Millepora alcicornis, Stichodactyla helianthus, Plexaura homomalla, Bartholomea annulata and Condylactis gigantea (total and body wall). Methods: The cnidarian extracts were evaluated by electrophoresis and for their phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, coagulant, fibrinogenolytic, neuromuscular blocking, muscle-damaging, edema-inducing and cytotoxic activities. Results: All cnidarian extracts showed indirect hemolytic activity, but only S. helianthus induced direct hemolysis and neurotoxic effect. However, the hydrolysis of NBD-PC, a PLA2 substrate, was presented only by the C gigantea (body wall) and S. helianthus. The extracts from P. homomalla and S. helianthus induced edema, while only C gigantea and S. helianthus showed intensified myotoxic activity. The proteolytic activity upon casein and fibrinogen was presented mainly by B. annulata extract and all were unable to induce hemorrhage or fibrinogen coagulation. Cnidarian extracts were able to neutralize clotting induced by Bothrops jararacussu snake venom, except M. alcicornis. All cnidarian extracts were able to inhibit hemorrhagic activity induced by Bothrops moojeni venom. Only the C. gigantea (body wall) inhibited thrombin-induced coagulation. All cnidarian extracts showed antitumor effect against Jurkat cells, of which C. gigantea (body wall) and S. helianthus were the most active; however, only C. gigantea (body wall) and M. alcicornis were active against B16F10 cells. Conclusion: The cnidarian extracts analyzed showed relevant in vitro inhibitory potential over the activities induced by Bothrops venoms; these results may contribute to elucidate the possible mechanisms of interaction between cnidarian extracts and snake venoms.