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This work describes a green synthesis, the characterization, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs suspension was synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus grandis, which presented a characteristic band at 407 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The AgNPs presented a spherical shape and size of 9.7 ± 0.3 nm. The nanoparticles were stable over a month, indicating that E. grandis’ extract is suitable for their preparation and stabilization. The X-ray analysis showed that the crystallinity of AgNPs corresponded to the centered face phase of silver. The antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities of AgNPs were evaluated. The AgNPs presented antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli at 53.9 µg mL-1. The leishmanicidal activity evaluation against promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis showed that the biological response is dependent on the volume of AgNP suspension. It was demonstrated that L. infantum was more sensitive to the nanoparticle’s treatment than L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The treatment of L infantum promastigotes with 150 µL of AgNP suspension reduced parasite growth by 67.9%, a result which was similar to the treatment with 1 (66.7%) or 2 µL (70.6%) of amphotericin B used as a positive control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220126

Study of the Molecular Weight of Pullulan Produced by Aureobasidium pullulans from Industrial Waste
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Oliveira, Victor R. L.

; Coelho, Victória V.

; Sérvulo, Eliana F. C.

; Calado, Verônica M. de A.

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 Suppl. 1 elocation e20230060

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The objective of this research was the sustainable development of pullulan and its structural and rheological characterization. In addition, the cultivation of the A. pullulans Y2092 strain by submerged fermentation on a laboratory scale was evaluated, valuing the use of industrial waste (residual brewery's yeast), RBY, and a low-cost renewable raw material VHP (very high polarization sugar). A 22 factorial statistical design of experiments was used to analyze the molecular weight of the pullulans produced. The maximum value of 1955 kDa was determined for the pullulan recovered after 96 h of fermentation in the mineral medium added with 70 g/L of VHP and 50 g/L of RBY. The FTIR analysis for the pullulan obtained was similar to the commercial pullulan. The rheological behavior of pullulan solutions is shown, evidencing the relationship between this property and Mw. The results from all analyses indicate that the pullulan obtained is suitable for the future production of biopolymeric films.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2023-0060

Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VIII: An updated checklist for the Serra das Confusões region with new data from Serra Vermelha, Piauí, Brazil
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Marques, Ricardo

; Garda, Adrian A.

; Furtado, Adriana P.

; Bruinjé, Andre C.

; Protázio, Arielson dos S.

; de Carvalho, Breno F.

; Vieira, Cecília R.

; Gomes, Dandara

; Pantoja, Davi L.

; Figueiredo, Diainara da S.

; Shepard, Donald B.

; Camurugi, Felipe

; Coelho, Felipe E. A.

; Magalhães, Felipe M.

; Caetano, Gabriel H. O.

; Colli, Guarino R.

; Paulino, Henrique M.

; Carvalho, Izabelle T. S.

; Graciene, Joedma

; Alvarenga, Júlio M.

; Clay, Natalie A.

; Albuquerque, Ralph L.

; Bosque, Renan J.

; Faria, Renato

; da Silveira-Filho, Ricardo R.

; Mângia, Sarah

; Cavalcante, Vitor H. G. L.

; Vieira, Washington L. S.

; da Silva, Willianilson P.

; Soares, Yan F. F.

; Mesquita, Daniel O.

Biota Neotropica

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2023, Volume 23 N. 4 elocation e20231520

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract It is repeatedly stressed the need to characterize the extant biodiversity in tropical ecosystems. However, inventory studies are still progressing slowly in dry ecosystems, leading to the underestimation of their true biodiversity and hindering conservation efforts. In this study, we present primary and secondary data, along with an updated list of amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the São Francisco-Gurguéia region in Piauí. Additionally, we compare the species composition between nine areas within the Caatinga, which were sampled using standardized methods over the past ten years, to examine broader spatial patterns of community composition. To survey reptiles and amphibians, we employed similar methods and sampling efforts in two areas within the Serra das Confusões National Park (SCNP) region. Our surveys recorded a total of 73 species of amphibians and reptiles, of which 24 are new distribution records for the SCNP region. Consequently, our findings increase the known herpetofauna in the region to 94 species. Despite their proximity, the two sites in the SCNP region exhibited only 42% similarity in species composition, and they differed significantly from other areas within the Caatinga. Furthermore, even the closer Caatinga areas presented differences in species composition, highlighting the necessity to evaluate biodiversity across the landscape and contribute to understanding biogeographic patterns.

Resumo É repetidamente enfatizada a necessidade de caracterizar a biodiversidade vivente em ecossistemas tropicais. No entanto, os estudos de inventário ainda estão progredindo lentamente em ecossistemas secos, levando à subestimação de sua verdadeira biodiversidade e dificultando os esforços de conservação. Neste estudo, apresentamos dados primários e secundários, juntamente com uma lista atualizada de anfíbios e répteis de duas localidades na região de São Francisco-Gurguéia, do Piauí. Além disso, comparamos a composição de espécies entre nove áreas dentro da Caatinga, que foram amostradas usando métodos padronizados nos últimos dez anos, para examinar padrões espaciais mais amplos de composição da comunidade. Para estudar répteis e anfíbios, utilizamos métodos e esforços de amostragem semelhantes em duas áreas na região do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões (PNSC). Nossos levantamentos registraram um total de 73 espécies de anfíbios e répteis, das quais 24 são novos registros de distribuição para a região do PNSC. Consequentemente, nossos resultados aumentam a herpetofauna conhecida na região para 94 espécies. Apesar da proximidade, os dois locais na região do PNSC exibiram apenas 42% de similaridade na composição de espécies e diferiram significativamente de outras áreas dentro da Caatinga. Mesmo áreas mais próximas da Caatinga apresentaram diferenças na composição de espécies, destacando a necessidade de avaliar a biodiversidade em toda a paisagem e contribuir para a compreensão de padrões biogeográficos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2023-1520

Un enfoque de aprendizaje profundo para estimar la frecuencia respiratoria del fotopletismograma
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Lampier, Lucas C.

; Coelho, Yves L.

; Caldeira, Eliete M. O.

; Bastos-Filho, Teodiano F.

Ingenius. Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología

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jun 2022, N. 27 Pages 96 - 104

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract This article describes the methodology used to train and test a Deep Neural Network (DNN) with Photoplethysmography (PPG) data performing a regression task to estimate the Respiratory Rate (RR). The DNN architecture is based on a model used to infer the heart rate (HR) from noisy PPG signals, which is optimized to the RR problem using genetic optimization. Two open-access datasets were used in the tests, the BIDMC and the CapnoBase. With the CapnoBase dataset, the DNN achieved a median error of 1.16 breaths/min, which is comparable with analytical methods in the literature, in which the best error found is 1.1 breaths/min (excluding the 8 % noisiest data). The BIDMC dataset seems to be more challenging, as the minimum median error of the literature’s methods is 2.3 breaths/min (excluding 6 % of the noisiest data), and the DNN based approach achieved a median error of 1.52 breaths/min with the whole dataset.

Resumen Este trabajo presenta una metodología para entrenar y probar una red neuronal profunda (Deep Neural Network – DNN) con datos de fotopletismografías (Photoplethysmography – PPG), con la finalidad de llevar a cabo una tarea de regresión para estimar la frecuencia respiratoria (Respiratory Rate – RR). La arquitectura de la DNN está basada en un modelo utilizado para inferir la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) a partir de señales PPG ruidosas. Dicho modelo se ha optimizado a través de algoritmos genéticos. En las pruebas realizadas se usaron BIDMC y CapnoBase, dos conjuntos de datos de acceso abierto. Con CapnoBase, la DNN logró un error de la mediana de 1,16 respiraciones/min, que es comparable con los métodos analíticos reportados en la literatura, donde el mejor error es 1,1 respiraciones/min (excluyendo el 8 % de datos más ruidosos). Por otro lado, el conjunto de datos BIDMC aparenta ser más desafiante, ya que el error mínimo de la mediana de los métodos reportados en la literatura es de 2,3 respiraciones/min (excluyendo el 6 % de datos más ruidosos). Para este conjunto de datos la DNN logra un error de mediana de 1,52 respiraciones / min

https://doi.org/10.17163/ings.n27.2022.09 79 downloads

Benzophenone Derivatives Showed Dual Anti-Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Activities by Inhibiting COX Enzymes and Promote Cyclin E Downregulation
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Folquitto, Laís R. S.

; Souza, Thiago B. de

; Januario, Jaqueline P.

; Nascimento, Isadora M.

; Brandão, Brenda T. V.

; Moreira, Maria E. C.

; Horvath, Renato O.

; Santos, Marcelo H.

; Coelho, Luiz F. L.

; Veloso, Marcia P.

; Soares, Marisi G.

; Carvalho, Diogo T.

; Ionta, Marisa

; Chagas-Paula, Daniela A.

; Dias, Danielle F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2022, Volume 33 N. 4 Pages 348 - 360

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Considering the promising antitumor effects of compounds with dual anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities, thus benzophenones analogs (2-7) were evaluated on in vivo anti-inflammatory assay and molecular docking analysis. Those with the best molecular docking results were in vitro evaluated on cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and tested regarding antiproliferative activity. All derivatives displayed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. Among them, the substances 2’-hydroxy-4’-benzoylphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), 4-hydroxy-4’-methoxybenzophenone (5) and 4’-(4’’-methoxybenzoyl)phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) showed the best values of Glide Score in COX-2 docking evaluation and 4 and 5 selectively inhibited COX-2 and COX-1 in vitro enzymatic assay, respectively. Thus, 4 and 5 were tested against breast cancer (MCF-7, MDA MB-231, Hs578T) and non-small-cell-lung cancer (A549) cell lines. The estrogen-positive MCF-7 cell line was more responsive compared to other tested cell lines. They induced cell cycle arrest at G1/S transition in MCF-7 cell line once there was an increase in G0/G1 population with concomitant reduction of S population. The antiproliferative activity of these substances on MCF-7 was associated with their ability to inhibit cyclin E expression, a critical regulator of G1/S transition. Taken together, the data indicate that 4 and 5 have dual anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities and support further studies to evaluate their antitumor potential.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210154

Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction with 7-Chloroquinoline Derivatives-New Compounds with Potential Anticancer Activity
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Oliveira, João Paulo G.

; Caleffi, Guilherme S.

; Silva, Everton P.

; Coelho, Maísa C.

; Castro, Aleff C.

; Mendes, Rhuan K. S.

; Olegário, Tayná R.

; Lima-Junior, Claudio G.

; Vasconcellos, Mario L. A. A.

; Souza, Júlia L. C.

; Souza, Sílvia M.

; Militão, Gardênia C. G.

; Vaz, Boniek G.

; Ramalho, Ruver R. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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feb 2021, Volume 32 N. 2 Pages 347 - 354

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts (MBHA) is a class of polyfunctional molecules that has been standing out due to their versatility and expressive biological activities. Therefore, this paper describes the synthesis and antiproliferative activity of some new MBHA/7-choroquinoline hybrids. The Michael acceptors were obtained starting from 4,7-dichloroquinoline which were submitted to the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction with ortho, meta and para-nitrobenzaldehyde. The in vitro screening of the synthetized MBHA against NCI-H292, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cells suggests the influence of the spacer chain in its inhibition potential. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) obtained in the antiproliferative assay using MCF-7, HCT-116, HL-60 and NCI-H292 cancer cells indicate expressive cytotoxic potential of the adducts containing nitro group in the ortho position, with IC50 of 4.60 µmol L-1. MBHA/7-choroquinoline hybrids were more active than MBHA described in literature, indicating the improvement of the cytotoxic effect due to 7-chloroquinoline moiety in the molecular structure, with maximum selectivity index values of 11.89.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200185 303 downloads

Association between circulating exhausted CD4+ T cells with poor meningococcal C conjugate vaccine antibody response in HIV-infected children and adolescents
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Silva, Giselle P.

; Pereira-Manfro, Wania F.

; Costa, Priscilla R.

; Costa, Dayane A.

; Ferreira, Bianca

; Barreto, Daniela M.

; Frota, Ana Cristina C.

; Hofer, Cristina B.

; Figueredo, Carlos M.

; Coelho, Barbara

; Kallas, Esper G.

; Milagres, Lucimar G.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e2902

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the expression levels of surface markers of activation (CD38 and HLA-DR), inhibition (PD-1, TIGIT and CD57) and co-stimulation (CD28 and CD127) on CD4+ T cells of children/adolescents with vertical HIV infection (HI patients) and HIV-uninfected (HU) controls vaccinated with the meningococcal C conjugate vaccine (MCC). METHODS: HI patients (n=12), aged 8-17 years, were immunized with two MCC injections, while HU controls (n=9), aged 5.3-10.7 years, received a single MCC dose (as per national recommendation at the time of this study, a single MCC vaccine dose should be given for healthy children and youth aged 1-18 years). The HI patients were categorized according to the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) treatment. Blood samples were obtained before vaccination, after priming, and after the administration of a booster dose of vaccine to determine the serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) titers and the expression levels of surface markers on CD4+ T cells by flow cytometry. The levels of serum cytokines, IL-4 and CXCL-13 were also measured using Luminex kits. RESULTS: The co-expression of the TIGIT-HLA-DR-CD38 molecules increased in the CD4+ T cells of HI patients/no-cART who also showed a lower frequency of CD127+CD28+ CD4+ T cells than HI patients/cART and HU group subjects. There were significant negative correlations between the frequency of exhausted CD4+ T cells and the SBA response. IL-4 levels were higher in HI patients/cART and positively correlated with SBA titers but negatively associated with the expression of exhaustion markers. Moreover, the CXCL-13 levels were positively correlated with the exhausted CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggest that the co-expression of exhaustion markers and/or loss of co-stimulatory molecules influence the SBA response in HI patients.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e2902 127 downloads

The usefulness of high-risk HPV hybrid capture in patients with squamous cell atypia in cervical cytological examination
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Adorno, Flora A.

; Lousada, Daniele Cristina F.

; Coelho, Karina M. P. A.

; França, Paulo Henrique C.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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2020, Volume 56 elocation e1552020

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Introdução: O exame colpocitológico e a investigação do ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA)-papilomavírus humano (HPV) de alto risco são ferramentas bem conhecidas para o rastreamento das lesões cervicais, pois permitem o diagnóstico precoce do câncer e suas lesões precursoras. Objetivo: Este estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar a capacidade da detecção do DNA-HPV de alto risco pela captura híbrida em predizer lesões intraepiteliais e câncer em pacientes com diagnóstico colpocitológico inicial de atipia de células escamosas (ASC). Método: Análise retrospectiva de resultados histológicos e colpocitológicos após um ano de seguimento a partir da captura híbrida para pesquisa de DNA-HPV de alto risco em pacientes com diagnóstico prévio de ASC. Sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos positivo e negativo da captura híbrida foram calculados em relação à identificação de lesões intraepiteliais escamosas. Resultados: Entre as 163 pacientes com diagnóstico de ASC prévio e ausência do DNA-HPV de alto risco, nove (5,5%) apresentaram lesões intraepiteliais escamosas de baixo grau (LIEBG) ou alto grau (LIEAG) durante o acompanhamento. Por outro lado, das 110 pacientes com ASC e positividade para o DNA-HPV de alto risco, 43 (39%) apresentaram lesões cervicais em até um ano. Os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade e os valores preditivos positivo e negativo aplicados à captura híbrida para a identificação de lesões intraepiteliais escamosas foram 82,3%, 69,3%, 38,1% e 94,4%, respectivamente. Conclusão: Nossos resultados mostraram alto valor preditivo negativo da captura híbrida para detecção de lesões cervicais em pacientes com diagnóstico prévio de ASC, quando a pesquisa do DNA-HPV de alto risco foi negativa.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The cervical cytological examination and the investigation of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are well-known valuable tools for screening of cervical lesions, since they allow the early diagnosis of cancer and its precursor lesions. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of high-risk HPV DNA detection by hybrid capture to predict intraepithelial lesions and cancer in patients with initial cervical cytological diagnosis of atypical squamous cells (ASC). Method: Retrospective analysis of histological or cervical cytological results after one-year follow-up from hybrid capture for high-risk HPV DNA research in patients with previous ASC diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of hybrid capture were calculated in relation to the identification of squamous intraepithelial lesions. Results: Among the 163 patients previously diagnosed with ASC and absence of high-risk HPV DNA, nine (5.5%) showed low-grade (LSIL) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) during the follow-up. On the other hand, among the 110 patients presenting ASC and high-risk HPV DNA positivity, 43 (39%) showed cervical lesions within one year. Sensitivity and specificity values and positive and negative predictive values applied to hybrid capture for the identification of squamous intraepithelial lesions were 82.3%, 69.3%, 38.1%, and 94.4%, respectively. Conclusion: Our results showed a high negative predictive value of hybrid capture for cervical lesions detection, in patients with previous diagnosis of ASC, when the high-risk HPV DNA research was negative.

RESUMEN Introducción: La colpocitología y la investigación del ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN) del virus del papiloma humano (VPH) de alto riesgo son herramientas bien conocidas para la detección de lesiones cervicales, puesto que permiten el diagnóstico precoz del cáncer y sus lesiones precursoras. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la capacidad de detección del ADN-VPH de alto riesgo por captura híbrida en predecir lesiones intraepiteliales y cáncer en pacientes con diagnóstico colpocitológico inicial de atipia de células escamosas (ASC). Método: Análisis retrospectivo de resultados histológicos y citológicos después de un año de seguimiento desde la captura híbrida para investigación de ADN-VPH de alto riesgo en pacientes con diagnóstico previo de ASC. Se calcularon sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos positivo y negativo en relación con la identificación de lesiones intraepiteliales escamosas. Resultados: Entre las 163 pacientes con diagnóstico de ASC previo y ausencia de ADN-VPH de alto riesgo, nueve (5,5%) presentaron lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales de bajo grado (LEIBG) o alto grado (LEIAG) durante el seguimiento. Por otra parte, entre las 110 pacientes con ASC y positividad para ADN-VPH de alto riesgo, 43 (39%) presentaron lesiones cervicales en un plazo de un año. Los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad y los valores predictivos positivo y negativo empleados en la captura híbrida para identificar lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales fueron 82,3%, 69,3%, 38,1% y 94,4%, respectivamente. Conclusión: Nuestros resultados demostraron alto valor predictivo negativo de la captura híbrida para detectar lesiones cervicales en pacientes con diagnóstico previo de ASC, cuando la investigación de ADN-VPH de alto riesgo ha sido negativa.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20200006 3252 downloads

Distribution uniformity in drip units applying dilutions of treated water produced by oil exploration
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Vale, Hudson S. M.

; Costa, Danniely O.

; Batista, Rafael O.

; Oliveira, Francisco de A. de

; Medeiros, José F. de

; Coelho, Daniela da C. L.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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2020, Volume 24 N. 6 Pages 394 - 401

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se, com este estudo, avaliar a uniformidade de distribuição em unidades gotejadoras aplicando diluições de água tratada produzida pela exploração do petróleo. O experimento foi montado no delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas sub-subdivididas, com três repetições; tendo nas parcelas os tratamentos P0 - 100% de água subterrânea, controle; P10 - 90% de água subterrânea e 10% de água produzida; P20 - 80% de água subterrânea e 20% de água produzida; P30 - 70% de água subterrânea e 30% de água produzida; e P40 - 60% de água subterrânea e 40% de água produzida; nas subparcelas os tipos de gotejadores não autocompensantes (D1 - 1,6 L h-1, Netafim Super Typhoon, D2 - 1,6 L h-1, Netafim Streamline e D3 - 1,7 L h-1, NaanDanJain TalDrip) e nas subsubparcelas os tempos de avaliação (0, 40, 80, 120 e 160 h). Foram avaliados os coeficientes de uniformidade de distribuição e de uniformidade estatístico a cada 40 h, até completar 160 h. O pH das diluições foi o atributo que representou maior risco de obstrução aos emissores. Ainda em relação às diluições, P40 ocasionou maior desuniformidade de aplicação em D2, enquanto, os maiores valores de uniformidade de aplicação foram alcançados nos tratamentos P10 e P20 em D1 e D3, indicando eficácia da diluição na minimização da obstrução.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the uniformity of distribution in drip units applying dilutions of treated water produced by oil exploration. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design in a split-split-plot scheme, with three replicates. The plots were composed of the treatments P0 - 100% groundwater, control; P10 - 90% groundwater and 10% produced water; P20 - 80% groundwater and 20% produced water; P30 - 70% groundwater and 30% produced water; and P40 - 60% groundwater and 40% produced water; the subplots had the types of non-pressure compensating drippers (D1 - 1.6 L h-1, Netafim Super Typhoon, D2 - 1.6 L h-1, Netafim Streamline and D3 - 1.7 L h-1, NaanDanJain TalDrip); and the sub-subplots contained the evaluation times (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 h). Distribution uniformity and statistical uniformity coefficients were evaluated every 40 h, until completing 160 h. The pH of the dilutions was the attribute posing the highest risk of clogging to the emitters. Also in relation to dilutions, P40 caused greater application non-uniformity in D2, while the highest values of application uniformity were achieved in treatments P10 and P20 with D1 and D3, indicating the effectiveness of dilution in minimizing clogging.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n6p394-401 514 downloads

10.

COVID-19 e hospitalizações por SRAG no Brasil: uma comparação até a 12ª semana epidemiológica de 2020
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Bastos, Leonardo Soares

; Niquini, Roberta Pereira

; Lana, Raquel Martins

; Villela, Daniel A. M.

; Cruz, Oswaldo G.

; Coelho, Flávio C.

; Codeço, Claudia T.

; Gomes, Marcelo F. C.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2020, Volume 36 N. 4 elocation e00070120

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo: A vigilância de síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG) no Brasil visa a caracterizar a circulação dos vírus Influenza A e B em casos hospitalizados e óbitos, tendo sido ampliada em 2012 para incluir outros vírus respiratórios. A COVID-19 foi detectada no Brasil pela primeira vez na 9ª semana epidemiológica de 2020 e o teste para o vírus SARS-CoV-2 foi incluído no protocolo de vigilância a partir da 12ª semana epidemiológica. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o padrão de hospitalizações por SRAG no país após a entrada do SARS-CoV-2, comparando o perfil temporal, etário e de resultados laboratoriais com os anos de 2010 a 2019. Em 2020, a hospitalização por SRAG, contabilizada desde a data do primeiro caso de COVID-19 confirmado até a 12ª semana, superou o observado, no mesmo período, em cada um dos 10 anos anteriores. A faixa etária acima de 60 anos foi a mais acometida, em nível acima do histórico. Houve um aumento considerável de testes laboratoriais negativos, sugerindo a circulação de um vírus diferente dos presentes no painel. Concluímos que o aumento das hospitalizações por SRAG, a falta de informação específica sobre o agente etiológico e a predominância de casos entre idosos, no mesmo período de tempo em que cresce o número de casos novos de COVID-19, é coerente com a hipótese de que os casos graves da doença já estejam sendo detectados pela vigilância de SRAG com sobrecarga para o sistema de saúde. A inclusão da testagem para SARS-CoV-2 no protocolo de vigilância de SRAG e sua efetiva implementação são de grande importância para acompanhar a evolução dos casos graves da doença no país.

Abstract: Surveillance of the severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in Brazil aims to characterize the circulation of the Influenza A and B viruses in hospitalized cases and deaths, having been expanded in 2012 to include other respiratory viruses. COVID-19 was detected in Brazil for the time in the 9th epidemiological week of 2020, and the test for the SARS-CoV-2 virus was included in the surveillance protocol starting in the 12th epidemiological week. This study’s objective was to investigate the pattern of hospitalizations for SARI in Brazil since the entry of SARS-CoV-2, comparing the temporal and age profiles and laboratory results to the years 2010 through 2019. In 2020, hospitalizations for SARI, compiled from the date of the first confirmed case of COVID-19 up to the 12th week, exceeded the numbers observed during the same period in each of the previous 10 years. The age bracket over 60 years was the most heavily affected, at higher than historical levels. There was a considerable increase in negative laboratory tests, suggesting circulation of a different virus from those already present in the panel. We concluded that the increase in hospitalizations for SARI, the lack of specific information on the etiological agent, and the predominance of cases among the elderly during the same period in which there was an increase in the number of new cases of COVID-19 are all consistent with the hypothesis that severe cases of COVID-19 are already being detected by SARI surveillance, placing an overload on the health system. The inclusion of testing for SARS-CoV-2 in the SARI surveillance protocol and the test’s effective nationwide deployment are extremely important for monitoring the evolution of severe COVID-19 cases in Brazil.

Resumen: La vigilancia del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SRAG) en Brasil tiene como objetivo caracterizar la circulación de los virus de la Influenza A y B en casos y muertes hospitalizadas, y se expandió en 2012 para incluir otros virus respiratorios. La COVID-19 se detectó en Brasil por la primera vez en la 9ª semana epidemiológica de 2020, y el examen test para el virus SARS-CoV-2 se incluyó en el protocolo de vigilancia a partir de la 12ª semana epidemiológica. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el patrón de hospitalizaciones por SRAG en Brasil desde la entrada de SARS-CoV-2, comparando el perfil temporal y de edad y los resultados de laboratorio entre los años 2010 a 2019. En 2020, las hospitalizaciones por SRAG, compiladas a partir de la fecha del primer caso confirmado de COVID-19 hasta la 12ª semana, excedió los números observados durante el mismo período en cada uno de los 10 años anteriores. El grupo de edad mayor de 60 años fue el más afectado, a niveles superiores a los históricos. Hubo un aumento considerable en las pruebas de laboratorio negativas, lo que sugiere la circulación de un virus diferente de los que ya están presentes en el panel. Se concluye que el aumento de las hospitalizaciones por SRAG, la falta de información específica sobre el agente etiológico y el predominio de casos entre los ancianos en el mismo período en que hubo un aumento de casos nuevos de COVID-19 se entiende que con esta hipótesis de que los casos graves de COVID-19 ya estén siendo monitorados por la vigilancia de SRAG, lo que genera una sobrecarga en el sistema de salud. La inclusión de los exámenes para SARS-CoV-2 en el protocolo de vigilancia de SRAG y la eficacia de implementación son de grande importancia para monitorear la evolución de los casos graves de COVID-19 en Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00070120 6783 downloads

11.

COVID-19 e hospitalizações por SRAG no Brasil: uma comparação até a 12ª semana epidemiológica de 2020
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Bastos, Leonardo Soares

; Niquini, Roberta Pereira

; Lana, Raquel Martins

; Villela, Daniel A. M.

; Cruz, Oswaldo G.

; Coelho, Flávio C.

; Codeço, Claudia T.

; Gomes, Marcelo F. C.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2020, Volume 36 N. 4 elocation e00070120

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00070120

12.

Identification of equine herpesvirus type 1 as cause of abortion in mares in Southern Brazil
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Estima-Silva, P.

; Riet-Correa, F.

; Coelho, A.C.B.

; Echenique, J.V.Z.

; Marcolongo-Pereira, C.

; Lima, M.

; Diel, D.G.

; Schild, A.L.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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aug 2019, Volume 71 N. 4 Pages 1421 - 1424

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos casos suspeitos de aborto por herpesvírus equino observados na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul entre 1978 e 2016. Foram revisados os protocolos de necropsia do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas resgatando-se os dados epidemiológicos, lesões macroscópicas e histológicas de cada caso. Foram observados dois surtos da enfermidade com prevalência entre 5,7% e 50% nos diferentes estabelecimentos, e dois casos individuais. Em todos os casos foram enviados fragmentos de órgãos fetais formolizados. Histologicamente, em todos os casos foram observados focos de necrose no fígado, pulmão e baço e presença de corpúsculos de inclusão acidofílico em hepatócitos, células epiteliais pulmonares e leucócitos. A imuno-histoquímica utilizando anticorpo policlonal comercial para herpesvirus equino-1 (EHV-1) revelou marcação positiva em todos os casos. Além disso, foi extraído DNA dos tecidos emblocados em parafina dos casos e submetidos à técnica de nested-PCR seguida de sequenciamento genômico dos amplicons em duas amostras. Estes achados indicam, que EHV-1 deve ser considerado como diagnóstico diferencial em casos de aborto em equinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10430 1305 downloads

13.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Eugenol-Derived 1,2,3- Triazoles as Antimyco bacterial Agents
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Santos, Thiago dos

; Coelho, Camila M.

; Elias, Thiago C.

; Siqueira, Fallon S.

; Nora, Eloísa S. S. D.

; Campos, Marli M. A. de

; Souza, Gabriel A. P. de

; Coelho, Luiz F. L.

; Carvalho, Diogo T.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2019, Volume 30 N. 7 Pages 1425 - 1436

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Eugenol has diverse biological properties including antimycobacterial activity, and the triazole ring is an important heterocycle in antimycobacterial compounds. Therefore, this research aimed to synthesize novel eugenol-derived 1,2,3-triazole as antimycobacterial agents with interesting cytotoxic profile and pharmacological assets. Sixteen compounds were obtained and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Among them, the best growth inhibition properties from a microdilution assay were observed for three derivatives: a benzylic ether (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 48.89 µM) against Mycobacterium abscessus (ATCC 19977), an O-galactosyde (MIC = 31.76 µM) against Mycobacterium massiliense (ATCC 48898) and a sulfonate (MIC = 88.64 µM) against Mycobacterium fortuitum (ATCC 6841). They can form biofilms, and the infection progression is challenging to control due to multi-drug resistance profiles against diverse antibiotics. In conclusion, the above-mentioned compounds represent starting points in the search of bioactive molecules against mycobacteria with low cytotoxicity and better pharmacological profiles.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190038 484 downloads

14.

Robot - assisted laparoscopic local recurrence resection after radical prostatectomy
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Torricelli, Fabio C. M.

; Carvalho, Paulo Afonso de

; Guglielmetti, Giuliano B.

; Nahas, William C.

; Coelho, Rafael F.

International braz j urol

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jan 2019, Volume 45 N. 1 Pages 192 - 192

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction and objective: Local prostate cancer recurrence is usually treated with salvage radiation (sRDT) with or without adjuvant therapy. However, surgical resection could be an option. We aim to present the surgical technique for robot - assisted laparoscopic resection prostate cancer local recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) and sRDT in 2 cases. Patients and method: First case depicts a 70 year - old man who underwent RP in 2001 and sRDT in 2004. Following adjuvant therapy, patient had biochemical recurrence. MRI showed a solid mass in the prostatic fossa close to vesicourethral anastomosis, measuring 2.1 cm and PET / CT revealed hyper caption significant uptake in the prostatic fossa. Second case is a 59 year - old man who underwent RP in 2010 and sRDT in 2011. Again, patient presented with biochemical recurrence. PET / CT showed hyper caption in the prostatic fossa. Biopsy conformed a prostate adenocarcinoma. Both patients underwent robot - assisted extended pelvic lymph nodes dissection and local recurrence resection. A standard 4 robotic arms port placement was utilized. Results: Both procedures were uneventfully performed in less than 3 hours and there were no complications. Pathological examination showed a prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason 7 and 8 in the first and second case, respectively; surgical margins and lymph nodes were negative. After 6 months of follow-up, continence was not affected and both patients presented with PSA < 0.15 ng / mL. Conclusion: Robot - assisted laparoscopic resection of prostate cancer local recurrence after RP and sRDT detected by PSMA PET / CT seems to be safe in experienced hands. It may postpone adjuvant therapy in selected cases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2017.0503 492 downloads

15.

STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP STUDY OF DITERPENES FOR TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
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Santos, Gabriel F. dos

; Pereira, Rondinelle G.

; Boaventura, Maria A. D.

; Macias, Francisco A.

; Lima, Gesiane da S.

; Coelho, Amanda C. S.

; Molinillo, Jose M. G.

; Cala, Antonio

; Takahashi, Jacqueline A.

Química Nova

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sep 2017, Volume 40 N. 9 Pages 1045 - 1050

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible, degenerative and age-related disease which is growing more and more with the increase in life expectancy. Kaurane diterpenes are a class of natural products available in large amounts in nature and isolated from plants grown worldwide. In the present work¸ twenty-seven kaurane diterpenes of natural origin and some readily available derivatives were assayed for acetylcholinesterase inhibition and the structure-activity relationship was analyzed. The kaurenoic acid derivatives screened showed to be promising inhibitors of AChE, which could provide new leads for drugs to fight Alzheimer's disease symptoms. Among them, eleven compounds showed activities comparable or higher than the positive control galantamine. Existence of an allylic hydroxyl group showed to be an important structural feature for AChE inhibition. In addition, presence of free hydroxyl groups at C-17 and C-19, furnished a diol especially active, able to completely inhibit AChE.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170112 1722 downloads

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