In the criminal sphere, it is extremely important to identify perpetrators of crimes based on latent fingerprints (invisible to the naked eye) revealed at crime scenes and their corresponding objects. The present work aimed to evaluate four synthetic analogues of curcumin as possible IDL developers, and to compare their results with those of carbon black developer, as well as to reach the most adequate parameters in the use of the LTQ and FT-ICR mass spectrometers with the paper spray ionization (PS) source to study the chemical composition of the endogenous substances contained in the IDL. For this, a 24-1 factorial design was developed, where it was verified that the distance and voltage factors were the most influential for the increase in the response of signals, in the analysis of latent fingerprints by PS. Among the detected substances we can mention around 20 fatty acids, and squalene. Finally, four potential developers, synthetic analogues of curcumin, were compared with carbon black developer. The revelation of latent fingerprints occurred efficiently, allowing the visualization of minutiae, such as bifurcation and end of line, making it possible to classify them, according to the Vucetich Fingerprint Classification System.

In the present study, the elemental content of the particulate matter PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameters lower than 2.5 µm) and PM10 (particulate matter with diameters lower than 10 µm) of the Brazilian city of Rio Claro (SP) were analyzed by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) in the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). A fractional sampling of particulate matter (PM) was carried out in two climatic periods (dry and rainy season). The elemental determination of PM2.5 and PM10 included the following elements: Si, S, Ca, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn. Elemental correlation studies, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and enrichment factor determination were performed in order to allow the distinction of the main sources of the emission of PM. The mean elementary contents, especially in PM10, were statistically different to each other between the sampling seasons and higher in dry than in rainy season. The cluster analysis indicated two groups as being the main constituting element groups for the composition of PM in Rio Claro. A major group originated by the resuspension of soil composed by the elements Si, Fe, Ca and K, and a second, minor group composed of S, Ti, Mn, Cu, Cr, and Zn, presumably influenced by vehicular emissions and the regions adjacent ceramic industries.

RESUMEN Introducción: La administración de un fármaco agonista de un alfa- 2-adrenérgicos asociado con la técnica del cateterismo uretral, es un método de desarrollo reciente en la recolección seminal en felinos, ofreciendo las ventajas sobre la recolecta por electroeyaculación y la recolecta epididimaria. La técnica se ha probado en Panthera onca y felinos de pequeño porte. Objetivos: Realizar la recolección seminal en felinos neotropicales utilizando la técnica de cateterización uretral. Determinar los parámetros testiculares y seminales de muestras recolectadas por la técnica de cateterización uretral. Metodología: En este estudio se utilizó un individuo por especie de Panthera onca, Puma yagouaroundi yLeopardus wedii localizados en el parque Zoobotánico Getúlio Vargas, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. El semen fue recolectado por medio del cateterismo uretral y se utilizaron los farmácos: clorhidrato de medetomidina (0.1 mg /kg) y ketamina (5.0 mg /kg). Durante el desarrollo del procedimiento, se realizó la recolecta de los datos biométricos corporales y testiculares, así como la ultrasonografía de los testículos. Mediante microscopia óptica, en las muestras seminales se determinó: el vigor espermático, motilidad total, motilidad progresiva, la integridad estructural y funcional de la membrana plasmática y la morfología espermática. Las muestras se sometieron al proceso de congelación - descongelación utilizando tres diferentes crioprotectores. Las muestras descongeladas fueron evaluadas por microscopía convencional, análisis seminal computarizado y citometría de flujo. Resultados: En este estudio fue realizado con éxito la técnica de recolección seminal en las tres especies, siendo el primer estudio que informa de los parámetros seminales deP. yagouaroundiy el primero que reporta la recolección seminal uretral en L. wiedii. Los datos presentados describen de forma pionera la morfocinética espermática de las especies incluidas. No hubo diferencias (P > 0.05) en la calidad seminal evaluando por grupo de crioprotector, ni diferencias en la integridad de las membranas pré e post-congelamento. Fue posible solamente la comparación con otras técnicas de recolección seminal o con resultados de calidad seminal obtenidos de muestras de gato doméstico. Conclusión: La cateterización uretral asociada al fármaco alfa- 2-adrenérgicos es una técnica eficiente para la recolección seminal en felinos neotropicales. El establecimiento de una potencial asociación de las características físicas del animal y la calidad seminal, es información de suma importancia en la aplicabilidad para la elección de reproductores en los programas de reproducción asistida.

Abstract Introduction: The urethral catheterization associated with the application of alfa- 2 adrenergic agonist drug is a recent development and application technique for the collection of feline semen, with advantages over electro-ejaculation harvesting and epididymal harvesting. Objetives: Seminal collection in neotropical felines using the urethral catheterization technique. Determine the testicular and seminal parameters of samples collected by the urethral cataterization technique. Methods: The technique has been tested on Panthera onca and others small cats. In this study, individuals of Panthera onca, Puma yagouaroundi and Leopardus wiedii were used in captivity at Getulio Vargas Zoobotanical Park, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Medetomidine hydrochloride (0.1 mg/kg) and ketamine (5.0 mg/kg) were used as sedatives, the semen was collected by urethral catheterization. In the process were checked the testicular biometry was performed with percutaner and ultrasonography technique. The fresh samples were evaluated for conventional microscopy in the parameters of volume, sperm vigor, total motility, progressive motility, structural and functional integrity of the plasmatic membrane and sperm morphology. The samples were subjected to a freeze - thaw process using three different extenders. The thawed samples were tested using conventional microscopy, automated system analysis and flow cytometry. Results: In this study, the urethral harvest technique was successfully used in the three species. In the literature used don’t have report about seminal parameters in P. yagouaroundi and urethral seminal collection in L. wiedii. The data presented describe the spermatic morphocinetics of the included species in a pioneer study. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in the seminal quality evaluating the extender, nor differences in the integrity of pre and post-freeze membranes of the samples. Conclusion: The urethral catheterization associated with the application of alfa- 2 adrenergic agonist drug it’s an efficient technique for semen collection in neotropical cats. The establishment of a potential association of physical characteristics with seminal quality is extremely important information on the applicability of reproductive traits in assisted reproduction programs.

RESUMO Objetivos Calcular a prevalência de quedas, nos últimos 12 meses, entre idosos da comunidade; verificar a ocorrência de quedas em idosos da comunidade, segundo características sociodemográficas e de saúde e identificar clusters de quedas, entre idosos no município de Uberaba. Métodos Estudo transversal conduzido com 612 idosos residentes na zona urbana de Uberaba. Procederam-se às análises descritiva e bivariada com o teste qui-quadrado (p<0,05). Para estimar a intensidade dos eventos utilizou-se o Kernel estimation. Projeto aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, parecer N° 573.833. Resultados Constatou-se que 24,7% dos idosos tiveram quedas nos últimos 12 meses. A maior proporção dos idosos que sofreu quedas era do sexo feminino (p=0,004); com 80 anos ou mais (p=0,001); sem escolaridade (p=0,026); morava só (p=0,049); sem companheiro (p=0,002); com autopercepção de saúde negativa (p<0,001); dependente para as ABVD (p=0,049) e AIVD (p=0,027); com menor participação nas AAVD (p=0,003); pré-frágeis/frágeis (p<0,001) e com desempenho físico baixo/ruim (p<0,001). Os maiores aglomerados de ocorrência de quedas foram na região centro-oeste do município, seguido pela região sudeste. Conclusão Conhecer o perfil e os fatores associados à ocorrência de quedas entre idosos possibilita que os profissionais de saúde desenvolvam ações direcionadas a prevenção, ao monitoramento e controle desses fatores.

ABSTRACT Objective This work seeks to calculate the prevalence of falls in the last 12 months among the elderly from the community of the city of Uberaba; verify the occurrence of falls in the elderly of the community according to sociodemographic and health characteristics; and identify and group the types of falls among the older individuals in the city of Uberba. Methods Cross-sectional study carried out with 612 elderly people living in the urban area of Uberaba. Descriptive and bivariate analyzes were performed using the chi-square test (p<0.05). The kernel density estimation was used to estimate the intensity of the events. This project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee through Protocol No. 573.833. Results It was found that 24.7% of the elderly had falls in the last 12 months. The highest proportion of the elderly who suffered falls was female (p=0.004); aged 80 years or more (p=0.001); illiterate (p=0.026); who lived alone (p=0.049); without partner (p=0.002); with negative self-perception of health (p<0.001); dependent for BADL (p=0.049) and IALD (p=0.027); with a lower participation in AADL (p=0.003); pre-fragile/fragile (p<0.001); and with low/poor physical performance (p<0.001). The clusters with the most frequently reported falls were in the center-west region of the city, followed by the southeast region. Conclusion To know the profile and the factors associated with the occurrence of falls among the elderly allows health professionals to develop actions directed to prevent, monitor and control these factors.

RESUMEN Objetivos Calcular la prevalencia de caídas en los últimos 12 meses entre los ancianos que viven en la comunidad; para verificar la ocurrencia de caídas en ancianos de la comunidad, de acuerdo con las características sociodemográficas y de salud, e identificar grupos de caídas, entre los ancianos en la ciudad de Uberaba. Métodos Estudio transversal realizado con 612 ancianos residentes en el área urbana de Uberaba. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y bivariadas con la prueba de chi-cuadrado (p<0,05). Para estimar la intensidad de los eventos, utilizamos la estimación de Kernel. Proyecto aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación, N°. 573,833. Resultados Se encontró que el 24,7% de los ancianos tuvieron caídas en los últimos 12 meses. La mayor proporción de ancianos que sufrieron caídas fueron mujeres (p=0,004); mayores de 80 años (p=0,001); sin educación (p=0,026); vivió solo (p=0,049); sin pareja (p=0,002); con salud negativa autovalorada (p<0,001); dependiente de ABVD (p=0,049) y IADL (p=0,027); con menor participación en AADL (p=0,003); pre-frágil / frágil (p<0,001) y con un rendimiento físico pobre/pobre (p<0,001). Los grupos más grandes de ocurrencia de caídas se encontraban en la región del medio oeste del municipio, seguidos por la región sureste. Conclusión Conocer el perfil y los factores asociados con la ocurrencia de caídas entre los ancianos permite a los profesionales de la salud desarrollar acciones dirigidas a la prevención, monitoreo y control de estos factores.

Resumen Antecedentes: Los ionóforos se suministran a los ovinos para mejorar la eficiencia alimenticia. Una alternativa al uso de ionóforos son los aceites funcionales (FO). Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del suministro de FO en el alimento sobre los parámetros sanguíneos y bacterias fecales de ovinos. Métodos: Cinco ovejos fueron usados en un diseño de cuadrado latino con cinco tratamientos: 190, 285, 380, 570 y 675 g/t FO en la dieta. Se realizó conteo de leucocitos y niveles de glucosa, proteína total y nitrógeno ureico, y se determinó la presencia de bacterias fecales. Resultados: La inclusión dietaria de FO no afectó los parametros séricos. Se encontró Salmonella spp únicamente en heces de los ovinos que habían consumido 190 mg/t FO. Conclusión: Se puede agregar FO a la dieta de ovinos para reducir la presencia de Salmonella spp en heces.

Abstract Background: Feeding ionophores to sheep is intended for improving feed efficiency. Functional oils (FO) are an alternative to the use of ionophores. Objective: To evaluate the effect of feeding FO to sheep on blood parameters and fecal bacteria. Methods: Five sheep were used in a Latin square design with five treatments: 190, 285, 380, 570, and 675 g/t FO in the diet. White cell count and levels of blood glucose, total protein, urea nitrogen, and fecal bacteria presence in feces were determined. Results: The FO levels did not affect serum parameters. Salmonella spp was found only in feces of sheep fed 190 mg/t FO. Conclusion: Functional oils can be added to sheep diets to reduce the presence of Salmonella spp in the feces.

Resumo Antecedentes: Na produção animal, ionóforos são ingeridos por ovinos para melhorar a eficiência alimentar. Alternativa ao uso de ionóforos são os óleos funcionais (FO). Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos de FO em ovinos por meio da alimentação sobre os parâmetros sanguíneos e bacteriológicos. Métodos: Cinco ovinos foram usados em Quadrado Latino com cinco tratamentos: 190, 285, 380, 570 e 675 g/t FO nas dietas. Contagem de leucócitos e níveis de glicose, proteína total, nitrogênio ureico e presença de bactérias nas fezes foram determinados. Resultados: Os níveis de FO não afetaram os níveis séricos dos fatores mencionados. Salmonella spp foi encontrada somente em fezes de ovinos que haviam ingerido dietas com 190 mg/t FO. Conclusão: Óleos funcionais podem ser adicionados em dietas para ovinos para reduzir a presença de Salmonella spp nas fezes.

ABSTRACT Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg., Cannabaceae, is popularly used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, chemical and pharmacological investigations are lacking. In this study, we investigated the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract from C. iguanaea on markers of cardiovascular diseases and the glucose metabolism in cholesterol-fed rats. Therefore, hypercholesterolemic rats (1% cholesterol) were orally treated with C. iguanaea extract (C-150, CI-300, or CI-600 mg/kg) or simvastatin (4 mg/kg) (n = 6) once a day (30 days) with a hypercholesterolemic diet. A control group (C) was given saline. C. iguanaea extract showed significant decreases in serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HMG-CoA-reductase, interleukin-1 and 6, TNF-α and IFN-γ when compared to group C (p < 0.001). Hypoglycemic effects were observed along with a decrease of the activity of sucrase (CI-600), maltase (CI-150, CI-300), and an increase in muscle glycogen levels (CI-300). Antioxidant effects were observed in plasma by the decrease of TBARS and increase of nonprotein thiols levels (CI-600). The histopathological analysis showed a significant decrease in the liver fat area for C. iguanaea extract compared to group C (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that the biological effects of C. iguanaea extract could be related to the flavonoids that possibly exert antioxidant, enzymatic inhibitory, and insulin-mimetic effects.