Resumo Este estudo comparou os efeitos de intervenções baseadas em mindfulness e em relaxamento sobre níveis de estresse, qualidade de vida e resiliência. Participaram do estudo 29 trabalhadores de um hospital universitário do nordeste do Brasil, distribuídos em dois grupos: Mindfulness (89,5% mulheres, média de idade 37,5 ± 6,23); e Relaxamento (90,0% mulheres, média de idade 34,2 ± 8,66). Após oito semanas de práticas diárias dessas internveções, ambos os grupos reduziram significativamente o estresse percebido e aumentaram os níveis de mindfulness, de resiliência e os domínios físico e psicológico da qualidade de vida. Nossos resultados sugerem que elas podem ser eficazes no ambiente organizacional, auxiliando na promoção da saúde e aumentando a capacidade dos indivíduos de se recuperarem da adversidade (resiliência).

Abstract Our study compared the effects of mindfulness and relaxation interventions on stress, quality of life, resilience, and mindfulness levels. A total of 29 workers, recruited at a university hospital in the northeastern region of Brazil and distributed in two groups: Mindfulness (89.5% female, age mean 37.5 ± 6.23 years old); and Relaxation (90.0% female, age mean 34.2 ± 8.66). After eight weeks of daily mindfulness or relaxation practices, both groups significantly reduced the perceived stress and stress at work, and increased their mindfulness and resilience levels, as well as the physical and psychological quality of life domains. Our results suggest that both interventions may be effective in the organizational environment, assisting in health promotion and increasing the ability of individuals to recover from an adversity (resilience).

O presente estudo investigou a parentalidade no contexto de depressão materna, no final do primeiro ano de vida do bebê. Participaram do estudo 22 famílias de diferentes níveis socioeconômicos, distribuídas em dois grupos: um cujas mães (n=10) apresentavam indicadores de depressão, e outro cujas mães (n=12) não os apresentavam, segundo o Inventário Beck de Depressão. Todas eram primíparas e viviam com o pai do bebê, que tinha em torno de 12 meses de idade. Mães e pais responderam a uma entrevista que investigou diversos aspectos da parentalidade. Análise de conteúdo qualitativa das entrevistas indicou que, quando comparadas ao grupo sem depressão, tanto as mães deprimidas como seus maridos relataram maiores dificuldades quanto à divisão de tarefas, preocupações financeiras e divergências e conflitos nos cuidados do filho. Esses resultados corroboram outros estudos que destacaram que a presença de indicadores de depressão materna pode trazer dificuldades para a parentalidade.

The present study investigated parenthood in the context of maternal depression, at the end of the first year of the infant's life. The participants of the study were 22 families, from different socioeconomic levels, divided into two groups, one with mothers who did not present indicators of depression (n=12) and another group with mothers who did (n=10), based on the Beck Depression Inventory. All the mothers were primiparous and lived with the child's father, the babies were approximately 12 months of age. The mothers and fathers participated in an interview that investigated several parenting aspects. Qualitative content analysis of the interviews indicated that, compared to the group without depression, the depressed mothers, as well as their husbands, reported more difficulties regarding division tasks, financial concerns, and divergences and conflicts in child care. These results corroborate other studies which emphasized that the presence of indicators of maternal depression can cause difficulties in parenting.

Individuals who fall under the spectrum of the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome have a higher prevalence of several cognitive disturbances, including a greater probability of being diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Some of these effects, such as hyperactivity and attentional impairments, are already well established in the literature. The assessment of impulsive choice, however, has received little attention in human and animal studies. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on two tasks related to impulsive choice that have never been studied in this condition: delay and probability discounting. METHOD: Rats prenatally exposed to ethanol (liquid diets with 0%, 10%, or 35% ethanol-derived calories [EDC] or laboratory chow) were trained to respond for food in either delay (n = 21) or probability (n = 48) discounting tasks performed in computer-controlled operant conditioning chambers. RESULTS: Prenatal treatment failed to differentiate the rates at which the rats chose the larger reinforcer associated with delay - in a task in which 35% EDC was not tested - or risk, although the results suggest that further tests are warranted.