Abstract This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis among elderly individuals receiving treatment at a designated reference center and to identify associated factors. The research employed a cross-sectional, analytical design, involving the collection of data from medical records and interviews with elderly individuals undergoing treatment at the Reference Center for Health Care for the Elderly (CRASI), specifically those who underwent bone densitometry examinations in the years 2017 and 2018. Bivariate analysis was conducted to explore the association between osteoporosis and various group characteristics, including sociodemographic profile, Body Mass Index (BMI), lifestyle habits, care, and health conditions. Variables showing an association up to a significance level of 20% (p ≤ .20) were collectively evaluated through Poisson multiple regression with a robust estimator. Only variables demonstrating a significance level of up to 5% were admitted to the final model. The prevalence of osteoporosis was found to be 48.5%. In the final model, the following variables were identified as being associated: female sex (RP = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.36 - 2.60), age over 80 years old (RP = 1.55; 95%CI: 1.29 - 1.85), BMI less than 22 (RP = 1.23; 95%CI: 1.02 - 1.49), and as a protective factor, BMI above 27 (RP = .52; 95%CI: .41 - .67). In conclusion, a high prevalence of osteoporosis was observed, with associations identified between osteoporosis and modifiable factors such as low weight, as well as non-modifiable factors including sex and age. No significant associations were discerned with variables related to lifestyle habits.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou estimar a prevalência de osteoporose em idosos atendidos em um centro de referência e identificar fatores associados. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, analítico, com coleta de dados em prontuários médicos e entrevistas aos idosos atendidos no Centro de Referência em Assistência à Saúde dos Idosos (CRASI), e que realizaram exame de densitometria óssea nos anos de 2017 e 2018. Utilizou-se análise bivariada para investigar a associação entre osteoporose e características do grupo: perfil sociodemográfico, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), hábitos de vida, cuidados e condições de saúde. As variáveis com associação até o nível de 20% (p ≤ .20) foram avaliadas de forma conjunta por regressão múltipla de Poisson com estimador robusto, admitindo-se para o modelo final apenas as variáveis com nível de significância de até 5%. A prevalência de osteoporose foi de 48.5%. No modelo final ficaram associadas as variáveis: sexo feminino (RP = 1.88; IC95%: 1.36 - 2.60), idade acima de 80 anos (RP = 1.55; IC95%: 1.29 - 1.85), IMC menor que 22 (RP = 1.23; IC95%: 1.02 - 1.49) e como protetor IMC acima de 27 (RP = .52; IC95%: .41 - .67). Concluindo,verificou-se alta prevalência de osteoporose e associação como fator modificável o baixo peso e outros não modificáveis: sexo e idade. Não foram identificadas associações com variáveis relacionadas aos hábitos de vida.

Abstract The geotechnical monitoring of tailings dams combined with a suitable application of geophysical electrical methods can improve their structure evaluation, allowing several correlations between direct analyses and the resistivity anomaly pattern. Considering this synergy, twenty-three electrical resistivity sections (ERT) were acquired along the beach, abutments, and central part of a dam, totalizing 10,776 m of dataset. After the interpretation of each ERT section, comparing the anomaly ranges with the water level meters measurements, three resistivity zones were defined: Zones of low resistivity (<64 ohm-m), correlated to regions of high humidity; zones of high resistivity (> 357 ohm-m), interpreted as dry zones, and regions with intermediate resistivity values, located between these limits. The groundwater surface generated from the interpretation of the electrical resistivity dataset and the groundwater surface acquired from the water level gauges were almost coincident. On the right abutment, the conductive anomalies showed remarkable continuity, suggesting a high moisture content in this region with strong gradients (200 mV) directed towards the zone of low resistivity values identified in the sections. The analysis showed a robust correlation of the ERT data with localized physical geotechnical measurements, valuable for monitoring dam integrity, overseeing the structure's response to climate and operational changes, and ultimately mitigating the risks of failure. The results of this study support the adoption of a seasonal 4D electrical resistivity survey as an effective tool to monitor and manage surface and high humidity zones, key indicators of dam integrity throughout the entire structure.

Abstract Objective To reproduce in an animal model the surgical technique of Masquelet used in the treatment of critical bone defects and to analyze the characteristics of the membrane formed around the bone cement. Methods A 10mm critical defect was created in the femoral shaft of 21 Sprague-Dawley rats. After resection of the central portion of the diaphysis, the defect was stabilized with a Kirschner wire introduced through the medullary canal and with the interposition of a bone cement spacer. After 2, 4, and 6 weeks of the surgical procedure, the animals were euthanized and evaluated on radiographs of the posterior limb regarding the size of the defect, alignment and stability of the osteosynthesis. The membranes formed around the spacer were subjected to histological analysis to assess thickness, connective tissue maturation and vascular density. Results Over time, the membranes initially made up of loose connective tissue were replaced by membranes represented by dense connective tissue, rich in thick collagen fibers. At six weeks, membrane thickness was greater (565 ± 208μm) than at four (186.9 ± 70.21μm, p = 0.0002) and two weeks (252.2 ± 55.1μm, p = 0.001). All membranes from the initial time showed foci of osteogenic differentiation that progressively reduced over time. Conclusion In addition to the structural and protective function of the membrane, its intrinsic biological characteristics can actively contribute to bone regeneration. The biological activity attributed by the presence of foci of osteogenesis confers to the membrane the potential of osteoinduction that favors the local conditions for the integration of the bone graft.

Resumo Objetivo Reproduzir em modelo animal a técnica cirúrgica de Masquelet utilizada no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos e analisar as características da membrana formada em torno do cimento ósseo. Métodos Um defeito crítico de 10mm foi realizado na diáfise femoral de 21 ratos Sprague-Dawley. Após a ressecção da porção central da diáfise o defeito foi estabilizado com fio de Kirschner introduzido pelo canal medular e com a interposição de espaçador de cimento ósseo. Após 2, 4, e 6 semanas do procedimento cirúrgico os animais foram eutanasiados e avaliados em radiografias do membro posterior quanto ao tamanho do defeito, o alinhamento e a estabilidade da osteossíntese. As membranas formadas em torno do espaçador foram submetidas a análise histológica para avaliação da espessura, da maturação do tecido conjuntivo e da densidade vascular. Resultados Ao longo do tempo as membranas inicialmente constituídas por tecido conjuntivo frouxo foram substituídas por membranas representadas por tecido conjuntivo denso, rico em fibras colágenas espessas. Com seis semanas a espessura das membranas foi maior (565 ± 208μm) do que com quatro (186,9 ± 70,21μm, p = 0,0002) e duas semanas (252,2 ± 55,1μm, p = 0,001). Todas as membranas do tempo inicial apresentaram focos de diferenciação osteogênica que reduziram progressivamente ao longo do tempo. Conclusão Além da função estrutural e protetora da membrana, suas características biológicas intrínsecas podem contribuir ativamente para a regeneração óssea. A atividade biológica atribuída pela presença de focos de osteogênese confere à membrana potencial de osteoindução que favorece as condições locais para a integração do enxerto ósseo.

Abstract Objective To assess the potential relationship of clinical status upon admission and distance traveled from geographical health district in women with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). Methods This is a cross-sectional study including women with GTD from the 17 health districts from the São Paulo state (I–XVII), Brazil, referred to the Botucatu Trophoblastic Disease Center (specialized center, district VI), between 1990 and 2018. At admission, hydatidiform mole was assessed according to the risk score system of Berkowitz et al. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia was evaluated using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics / World Health Organization (FIGO/WHO) staging/risk score. Data on demographics, clinical status and distance traveled were collected. Multiple regression analyses were performed. Results This study included 366 women (335 hydatidiform mole, 31 gestational trophoblastic neoplasia). The clinical status at admission and distance traveled significantly differed between the specialized center district and other districts. Patients referred from health districts IX (β = 2.38 [0.87–3.88], p = 0.002) and XVI (β = 0.78 [0.02–1.55], p = 0.045) had higher hydatidiform mole scores than those from the specialized center district. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia patients from district XVI showed a 3.32 increase in FIGO risk scores compared with those from the specialized center area (β = 3.32, 95% CI = 0.78–5.87, p = 0.010). Distance traveled by patients from districts IX (200km) and XVI (203.5km) was significantly longer than that traveled by patients from the specialized center district (76km). Conclusion Patients from health districts outside the specialized center area had higher risk scores for both hydatidiform mole and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia at admission. Long distances (>80 km) seemed to adversely influence gestational trophoblastic disease clinical status at admission, indicating barriers to accessing specialized centers.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a possível relação entre estado clínico na apresentação e distância percorrida a partir do distrito de saúde em mulheres com doença trofoblástica gestacional. Métodos Estudo transversal incluindo mulheres com doença trofoblástica gestacional dos 17 distritos de saúde do estado de São Paulo (I–XVII), Brasil, encaminhadas ao Centro de Doenças Trofoblásticas de Botucatu (distrito VI), entre 1990 e 2018. Na admissão, avaliaram-se mola hidatiforme pelo sistema de pontuação de risco de Berkowitz et al. e neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional pelo escore de risco/estadiamento Federação Internacional de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / Organização Mundial da Saúde (FIGO/OMS). Coletaram-se dados demográficos, clínicos e distância percorrida e análises de regressão múltipla foram realizadas. Resultados Este estudo incluiu 366 mulheres (335 mola hidatiforme, 31 neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional). O estado clínico na apresentação e distância percorrida diferiram significativamente entre o centro especializado e demais distritos. Nas pacientes encaminhadas pelos distritos IX (β = 2,38 [0,87–3,88], p = 0,002) e XVI (β = 0,78 [0,02–1,55], p = 0,045), os escores de mola hidatiforme foram maiores que no centro especializado. As pacientes com neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional do distrito XVI apresentaram escores FIGO 3,32 vezes maior que no centro especializado (β = 3,32, 95% CI = 0,78–5,87, p = 0,010). A distância percorrida pelas pacientes dos distritos IX (200km) e XVI (203,5km) foi significativamente maior do que a percorrida pelas pacientes do centro especializado (76km). Conclusão Pacientes de distritos de saúde fora da cobertura do centro especializado apresentaram escores de risco mais alto para mola hidatiforme e para neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional na admissão. Longas distâncias (>80 km) pareceram influenciar negativamente o estado clínico da doença trofoblástica gestacional na apresentação, indicando barreiras no acesso a centros especializados.

Resumen El mejoramiento genético de los cultivares de soja a lo largo de los años se ha centrado en aumentar la capacidad productiva y la tolerancia a algunos factores abióticos y bióticos. Sin embargo, durante la transferencia de genes de interés, algunos genes responsables de una menor tolerancia a los herbicidas pueden integrarse en el genoma del nuevo cultivar. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la selectividad de las asociaciones de herbicidas apli cadas en la post-emergencia de tres cultivares de soja. El diseño experimental utilizado fue un bloque completamente al azar, con cuatro repeticiones. Los cultivares seleccionados fueron M7110 IPRO®, Foco IPRO® y Bônus IPRO®. Los herbicidas y las respectivas dosis (g a.i. ha-1) utilizados fueron: glyphosate (1176), glyphosate + bentazon (1176 + 600), glyphosate + fomesafen (1176 + 175), glyphosate + lactofen (1176 + 120), glyphosate + imazethapyr (1176 + 100), glyphosate + chlorimuron (1176 + 10), glyphosate + cloransulam (1176 + 39,5), y un control sin aplicación de herbicida. Se hizo una nota visual de intoxicación para cada tratamiento. Los componentes de crecimiento y rendimiento evaluados fueron: altura, rodal, peso de cien granos y rendimiento. La aplicación de herbicidas en post-emergencia no alteró la masa vegetal de los cultivares de soja. Además, estos herbicidas no redujeron el rendimiento de los cultivares M7110 IPRO® y Foco IPRO®. Tanto el glifosato aislado como mezclado con lactofen o imazethapyr redujeron el rendimiento del cultivar Bônus IPRO®.

Abstract The genetic improvement of soybean cultivars over the years has focused on increasing the yield potential and tolerance to some abiotic and biotic factors. However, during the transfer of genes of interest, some genes responsible for a lower tolerance to herbicides can be integrated into the genome of the new cultivar. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of herbicide associations applied in the postemergence period of three soybean cultivars. The experiment was conducted in a randomized completely block design, with four replications. The selected cultivars were M7110 IPRO®, Foco IPRO®, and Bônus IPRO®. The herbicides and the respective doses (g a.i. ha-1) used were glyphosate (1176), glyphosate + bentazon (1176 + 600), glyphosate + fomesafen (1176 + 175), glyphosate + lactofen (1176 + 120), glyphosate + imazethapyr (1176 + 100), glyphosate + chlorimuron (1176 + 10), glyphosate + cloransulam (1176 + 39.5), and a control without herbicide application. The visual note of intoxication was evaluated for each treatment. The components of growth and yield evaluated were height, stand, weight of one hundred grains, and yield. The application of postherbicide herbicides did not alter the plant stands of soybean cultivars. Additionally, these herbicides did not reduce the yield of the M7110 IPRO® and Foco IPRO® cultivars. Glyphosate isolated and in association with lactofen or imazethapyr reduced the grain yield of the Bônus IPRO® cultivar.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Hypovitaminosis D is a public health problem associated with several chronic inflammatory and immunological diseases, including psoriasis. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients with plaque psoriasis. A comparison was made between vitamin D levels in patients with psoriasis and those with other non-inflammatory dermatoses without photosensitivity. In addition, it evaluated the effects of the patients’ Fitzpatrick skin phototype and the season of the year on the serum levels of vitamin D. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at an outpatient clinic in a university center in Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil. METHODS: A review of dermatology patients’ demographic data, including skin phototype and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], over 12 months in 2016. RESULTS: This study included 554 patients: 300 patients allocated to the plaque psoriasis group and 254 control patients with other dermatological diseases. Regarding the season of the year, 229, 132, 62, and 131 participants were evaluated in summer, autumn, winter, and spring, respectively. As for the skin phototype, 397, 139, and 18 patients had phototypes III, IV, and V, respectively. The serum levels of 25(OH)D were significantly lower in the psoriasis group (24.91 ± 7.16 ng/mL) than in the control group (30.37 ± 8.14 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS: Hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) was present in 76.66% of patients with psoriasis versus 53.94% of control patients. Vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was observed in 25% of the patients with psoriasis versus 8.66% in the control group (P < 0.001). The season and patient’s skin phototype were independent predictors of serum vitamin D levels.

RESUMO: A fasciolose bovina é uma zoonose parasitária negligenciada que resulta em perdas econômicas para a cadeia produtiva da carne devido à condenação de fígado em abatedouros-frigoríficos. Essa doença é descrita em diversas áreas do Brasil, mas existe uma deficiência de informações atuais sobre a prevalência nos estados do Rio de Janeiro e Espírito Santo. Essa nota descreve a prevalência de fasciolose de 2018 a 2021 de acordo com o município de origem e o impacto econômico devido à condenação de fígados em um abatedouro que recebe animais de ambos os estados. A prevalência no Estado do Espírito Santo (10,4%) foi significativamente maior do que no Rio de Janeiro (3,6%) (P < 0,01) e resultou em uma perda econômica de R$ 64.636,00. Os municípios de Vargem Alta, Anchieta, Cachoeiro do Itapemirim, Castelo, Atilio Vivacqua, Apiacá e Ibitirama apresentaram prevalência superior à prevalência desse estudo (10,3%), sendo que esses municípios vem sendo reconhecidos como áreas de alto risco. Apesar de uma aparente redução na prevalência da enfermidade, a fasciolose persiste como uma causa de perdas econômicas aos abatedouros, especialmente no Estado do Espírito Santo, e medidas profiláticas ainda precisam ser adotadas nas fazendas.

ABSTRACT: Bovine fasciolosis is a neglected parasitic zoonosis that causes economic losses to beef production chains due to liver condemnation at abattoirs. Despite the characterization of Bovine fasciolosis in several areas of Brazil, an update on its prevalence in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espirito Santo is lacking. Thus, fasciolosis prevalence from 2018 to 2021 is presented here according to cattle origin (municipalities of both states). In addition, the associated economic impact on an abbatoir was analyzed through liver condemnation of bovines from both states. The prevalence of fasciolosis in the state of Espírito Santo (10.4%) was significantly higher than Rio de Janeiro (3.6%) (P < 0.01), and resulted in an economic loss of US$12,678.60 for the abattoir. The following municipalities located in the state of Espírito Santo presented prevalences above the mean (10.3%) established in the study: Vargem Alta, Anchieta, Cachoeiro do Itapemirim, Castelo, Atilio Vivacqua, Apiacá and Ibitirama. Thus, majority of these municipalities are considered high-risk areas. Although, there is an aparrent reduction of fasciolosis prevalence, it continues to be a cause of economic losses in abattoirs especially in the state of Espírito Santo. Accordingly, prophylactic measures must still be adopted in cattle farms.

RESUMO: O oomiceto aquático Pythium insidiosum é um patógeno emergente de relevância em medicina humana e veterinária. É o agente etiológico da pitiose, uma enfermidade de distribuição mundial, que acomete principalmente em equinos, caninos e seres humanos, podendo apresentar-se nas formas cutâneas, subcutâneas, oculares, gastrointestinais e sistêmicas. Considerando que os métodos terapêuticos disponíveis para o tratamento da doença não são completamente efetivos, há uma necessidade de investigar formas de tratamentos com melhor eficácia, como os compostos de diferentes classes farmacológicas, compostos de origem natural, bem como, novas alternativas tecnológicas, incluindo a nanotecnologia. Deste modo, este trabalho objetivou avaliar publicações científicas referentes a utilização de nanotecnologia em P. insidiosum. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura, buscando artigos no período de 2010 a 2022, nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, PubMed e SciELO, utilizando-se os descritores Pythium insidiosum, pitiose, nanotecnologia, nanopartículas, nanoemulsão e tratamento. Encontrou-se 162 artigos com familiaridade a temática pesquisada; no entanto, apenas quatro estudos foram incluídos, pois atendiam os critérios estabelecidos na pesquisa. Para análise estatística dos dados obtidos nos estudos in vitro, utilizou-se meta-análise. Demonstrou-se o promissor uso de nanotecnologia como alternativa no desenvolvimento de compostos antimicrobianos com atividade anti-P. insidiosum. Entretanto, constata-se que estudos adicionais se fazem necessários para verificar o potencial uso desta tecnologia na terapêutica clínica contra infecções por P. insidiosum.

ABSTRACT: The aquatic oomycete Pythium insidiosum is an emerging pathogen highly relevant in human and veterinary medicine and an etiologic agent of pythiosis, a disease of worldwide distribution mainly affecting horses, dogs, and humans, presenting cutaneous, subcutaneous, ocular, gastrointestinal, and systemic forms. The available therapeutic methods to treat this disease and its forms are not entirely effective, thus highlighting the need to investigate the forms of treatments with better efficacy, such as compounds from different pharmacological classes, compounds of natural origin, and new technological alternatives, including nanotechnology. Therefore, this study evaluated scientific publications regarding the use of nanotechnology in P. insidiosum treatment. For this, a systematic literature review, was carried out on articles published from 2010 to 2022 on the LILACS, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, PubMed, and SciELO databases using the descriptors ‘Pythium insidiosum,’ ‘pythiosis,’ ‘nanotechnology,’ ‘nanoparticles,’ ‘nanoemulsion,’ and ‘treatment.’ We reported 162 articles for the researched theme; although, only four studies were included because they met the criteria established herein. A meta-analysis was used for the statistical analysis of the data obtained in vitro studies, and we reported the use of nanotechnology can be a promising alternative in developing antimicrobial compounds with anti-P. insidiosum activity. Nevertheless, additional research is needed to verify the potential use of this technology in clinical therapy against P. insidiosum infections.

O presente artigo objetivou analisar as representações sociais de médicos atuantes na Estratégia Saúde da Família sobre atendimento à saúde para pessoas com deficiência (PcD). Utilizou-se a Teoria das Representações Sociais, com abordagem estrutural da Teoria do Núcleo Central, a partir da técnica de evocação de palavras analisadas pelos softwares Evoc® e Iramutec®. Participaram da pesquisa 109 médicos, predominantemente jovens e mulheres. A atenção às PcD se orienta por uma prática incompleta, insegura e permeada pelo receio de médicos que referem lacunas no processo de formação profissional, além de haver dificuldades de comunicação com pacientes identificados como PcD. Poucos médicos apresentam relatos mais inclusivos na assistência de PcD. Predominam as percepções restritas ao corpo, normatizadas pelo modelo biomédico e que ignoram as estruturas sociais.

El objetivo fue el análisis de las Representaciones Sociales de médicos actuantes en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia sobre atención de la salud para personas con discapacidad (PcD). Se utilizó la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, con abordaje estructural de la Teoría del Núcleo Central a partir de la técnica de evocación de palabras analizadas por los softwares EVOC® e IRAMUTEC®. Participaron 109 médicos, predominantemente jóvenes y mujeres. La atención a las PcD se orienta por una práctica incompleta, insegura, atravesada por el recelo de médicos que refieren lagunas en el proceso de formación profesional, además de dificultades de comunicación con pacientes identificados como PcD. Pocos médicos presentan relatos más inclusivos en la asistencia de PcD. Predominan las percepciones restringidas al cuerpo, normalizadas por el modelo biomédico y que ignoran las estructuras sociales.

The objective was to analyze the Social Representations of physicians working in the Family Health Strategy on health care for people with disabilities (PwD). The Theory of Social Representations was used, with a structural approach of the Central Nucleus Theory based on the technique of evoking words analyzed by the EVOC® and IRAMUTEC® software. 109 physicians participated, predominantly younger individuals and women. Care to PwD is guided by an incomplete, unsafe practice, permeated by the fear of doctors who mention gaps in the professional training process, in addition to communication difficulties with patients identified as PwD. Few physicians have more inclusive reports on PwD care. The predominant perceptions are restricted to the body, standardized by the biomedical model and ignoring social structures.

Abstract Disorderly use of water resources has led to depletion, causing environmental and social issues. A relevant aspect to be observed in water supply systems is physical losses which occur during the system’s entire operational process. Many different software packages allow simulations of pressures and flow in water networks. The most used is EPANET. The epanet2toolkit is a recently developed R package that performs the interaction between EPANET and R. Based on this tool, a set of functions is developed to study and evaluate a theoretical network. The objective is to find an ideal network configuration (design) mainly for pressure management which simultaneously reduces physical losses. Water network parameters, such as roughness, reservoir levels, and diameters are used as parameters. A Monte Carlo simulation is generated, based on random values of these network parameters. From these, an ideal pressure scenario is found, resulting in a reduction of 11.6% in the occurrence of physical losses concerning the base case.

Resumo O uso desordenado dos recursos hídricos tem levado ao esgotamento, resultando no surgimento de questões ambientais e sociais. Um aspecto relevante a ser observado nos sistemas de abastecimento de água são as perdas físicas que ocorrem durante todo o processo operacional do sistema. Muitos pacotes de software diferentes permitem simulações de pressões e fluxos em redes de água. O mais utilizado é o EPANET. O epanet2toolkit é um pacote R recentemente desenvolvido que realiza a interação entre EPANET e R. Com base nesta ferramenta, são desenvolvidos um conjunto de funções para estudar e avaliar uma rede teórica. O objetivo é encontrar uma configuração de rede ideal (projeto) principalmente para gerenciamento de pressão que reduza simultaneamente as perdas físicas. Os elementos da rede hídrica, como rugosidade, níveis dos reservatórios e diâmetros são utilizados como parâmetros. Uma simulação de Monte Carlo é gerada, com base em valores aleatórios dos parâmetros desta rede. A partir destes, é encontrado um cenário de pressão ideal, resultando em uma redução de 11,6% na ocorrência de perdas físicas em relação ao caso base.

Abstract Background The Good Practices in Cardiology Program is an initiative created by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (SBC) to improve the quality of care of cardiovascular disease patients in Brazilian public hospitals. Objectives To characterize patients admitted to a tertiary public hospital with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or heart failure (HF) and to evaluate performance indicators in both ACS and HF arms, with a pre-established target of 85% adherence to the SBC recommendations. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study through data collection of patients hospitalized between May 2016 and September 2019. Results A total of 1,036 patients were included, 273 in the HF arm and 763 in the ACS arm. Mean age was 59.8 ± 12.0 years in the ACS and 57.0 ± 14.1 years in the HF, with a predominance of male patients in both groups. More than half of patients had some primary education and more than 90% reported a monthly income of less than five minimum wages. In ACS, the diagnosis of ACS with ST segment elevation was predominant (66.3%), and 2.9% of patients died. In HF, the most common etiology was Chagas disease (25.8%), and 17.9% died. Analysis of the performance indicators revealed an adherence rate higher than 85% to nine of the 12 indicators. Conclusion Quality programs are essential for improvement of quality of care. Performance indicators pointed to a good adherence to the SBC guidelines, mainly in the ACS arm.

Resumo Fundamento O Programa Boas Práticas em Cardiologia é uma iniciativa da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC) destinada à melhoria do cuidado cardiovascular nos hospitais públicos brasileiros. Objetivos Descrever características dos pacientes internados com Síndrome Coronariana Aguda (SCA) e Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC) e avaliar os indicadores de desempenho alcançados nos braços (SCA e IC) em um hospital público terciário, com uma meta pré-estabelecida de 85% de aderência às recomendações da SBC. Métodos Estudo do tipo transversal descritivo realizado por meio da coleta de dados de pacientes que estiveram internados entre maio de 2016 e setembro de 2019. Resultados Foram incluídos 1036 pacientes, 273 pacientes no braço IC e 763 no braço SCA. A média de idade foi de 59,8 ± 12,0 anos na SCA e 57,0 ± 14,1 anos na IC, com predomínio do sexo masculino em ambos os grupos. Mais da metade dos pacientes não tinham ensino fundamental completo e mais de 90% declararam renda mensal inferior a cinco salários-mínimos. Na SCA, predominou o diagnóstico de SCA com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (66,3%) e 2,9% dos pacientes foram a óbito. Na IC, a etiologia mais comum foi a Doença de Chagas (25,8%) e 17,9% dos pacientes foram a óbito. Na avaliação dos indicadores de desempenho, nove dos 12 indicadores tiveram taxas de aderência acima de 85%. Conclusão Programas de qualidade são essenciais à melhoria do cuidado e os indicadores de desempenho do hospital apontam para uma boa adesão às diretrizes assistenciais da SBC, particularmente no braço da SCA.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a systemic, immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammatory manifestations in the skin and joints. Vitamin D deficiency is currently considered a pandemic and is associated with comorbidities including psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D [25(OH)D] in patients with plaque psoriasis, with and without PsA, and of independent predictors of serum 25(OH)D levels. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted among 300 patients at an outpatient clinic in a university center in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data (psoriasis area and severity index [PASI], family history, age at onset, disease duration, and the presence of PsA according to Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis), skin phototype, and season of the year were reviewed. RESULTS: Hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) was highly prevalent in patients with psoriasis with and without PsA (82.2% and 74.9%, respectively). An inverse correlation between PASI and vitamin D was found (without PsA r = –0.59 and, PsA r = –0.52, P < 0.001), and multivariate regression revealed that hypovitaminosis D was associated with disease severity, season, and phototype. It was confirmed by binary logistic regression between PASI and vitamin D deficiency (< 30 ng/mL), (odds ratio, OR 1.78 CI: –0.20–0.53, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) was highly prevalent in psoriatic patients with and without PsA. Season and skin phototype were associated with 25(OH)D levels. An inverse association between PASI and serum 25(OH)D levels was established.

Latent fingerprint is an important crime scene evidence, but it is not always recoverable or technically suitable for analysis with fingerprint patterns. Forensic science has shown that other information can be explored from traces using chemical compounds. Infrared spectroscopy is a nondestructive technique that is widely applied to a variety of forensic evidence. In this work, infrared spectroscopy and partial least square discriminant analysis were used to determine the human sex based on latent fingermark analysis. Fingerprint samples were taken from 42 male and female donors, then kept in either dark or light storage conditions, and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were measured considering a period of up to 30 days from collection. The regions from 3000 to 2800 cm-1 and 1790 to 1150 cm-1 presented the greatest differences in the peak intensities among the two sex groups. The results showed a correct discrimination rate higher than 80%.