RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um novo método híbrido de calibração de rugosidades absolutas em redes de distribuição de água, com base na combinação do método iterativo do gradiente hidráulico alternativo (Migha) com uma rede neural artificial (RNA) do tipo Perceptron Multicamadas. Foram testadas diferentes configurações para o modelo, em vários cenários que diferiam quanto ao número de pressões observadas utilizadas. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a combinação dos métodos foi favorável à calibração das rugosidades, com erros absolutos médios inferiores a 0,016 mm no modelo que calculava apenas um valor por material para o parâmetro. A boa performance também ficou evidente quando analisadas as pressões e vazões retornadas pela simulação da rede calibrada, as quais apresentaram erros relativos médios de 0,12 e 0,36%, respectivamente, no cenário com 14% dos nós com pressões conhecidas, erros consideravelmente inferiores àqueles obtidos pela configuração inicial da rede e pelo uso exclusivo do Migha.

ABSTRACT This work aimed to develop a new hybrid method for the calibration of absolute roughness in water distribution networks, starting from the combination of the Alternative Hydraulic Gradient Iterative Method (Migha) with a Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Different configurations were tested for the model, in different scenarios that differed in the number of observed pressures used. The results found suggest that the combination of methods was favorable to roughness calibration, with mean absolute errors lower than 0.016 mm in the model that calculated only one value per material for the parameter. The good performance was also evident when analyzing the pressures and flows returned by the calibrated network simulation, which showed average relative errors of 0.12 and 0.36%, respectively, in the scenario with 14% of nodes with known pressures, errors considerably lower than those obtained by the initial configuration of the network and the exclusive use of Migha.

The seed oil of Annona salzmannii A. DC. was analyzed by GC-MS and 1H qNMR, revealing a mixture of unsaturated (80.5%) and saturated (18.7%) fatty acids. Linoleic (45.3%) and oleic (33.5%) acid were the major unsaturated fatty acids identified, while palmitic acid (14.3%) was the major saturated fatty acid. The larvicidal effects of A. salzmannii seed oil were evaluated against third-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti (Linn.). The oil exhibited moderate larvicidal activity, with a LC50 of 569.77 ppm (95% CI = 408.11 to 825.88 ppm). However, when the cytotoxic effects of the oil were evaluated, no expressive antiproliferative effects were observed in tumor cell lines B16-F10 (mouse melanoma), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), K562 (human chronic myelocytic leukemia), HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia), and non-tumor cell line PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells), with IC50 values > 50 μg·mL-1. This is the first study to evaluate the chemical composition, larvicidal and cytotoxic activity of A. salzmannii seed oil.

Abstract Pachydermoperiostosis (PDP) or primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by digital clubbing, pachydermia, and periostosis. Its pathogenesis is uncertain and the diagnosis is based on clinical and radiological data. A complete form of the syndrome is reported in a male patient with disease onset in adolescence, with compatible clinical and radiological findings, presenting the three cardinal findings as well as other associated manifestations, such as hyperhidrosis and acne.

ABSTRACT Skins infections caused by Mycobacterium marinum occur only rarely. We report one case of chronic and extensive M. marinum cutaneous infection simulating chromoblastomycosis and review the pertinent literature. A 52-year-old farmer reported a 32-year chronic skin problem on his right lower limb, resulting from contact with cacti. It consisted of skin lesion presenting with dyschromic atrophic center plate and verrucous borders with hematic crusts, extending from the knee anteriorly to the inferior third of the right leg. Mycobacterium marinum infection was detected by histopathological examination of a skin fragment, culture for mycobacteria and genetic mapping of the culture material. The patient was successfully treated with Ethambutol, Rifampicin and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. The clinical and histopathological findings of M. marinum infection is nonspecific showing clinical polymorphism and bacilli are rarely evident on histopathological examination. Given these difficulties, it is essential to perform tissue culture in a suspicious case and it is important keep this infection in mind in patients with long-lasting indolent verrucous lesions and a history of exposure to sea water, freshwater, aquaria or fish.