RESUMO O sarcoma granulocítico, também chamado de sarcoma mieloide, é um tumor extramedular de células granulocíticas ¡maturas. É uma entidade rara, e principalmente acompanhada de leucemia mieloide aguda. É observado durante o transtorno mieloproliferativo, especialmente na leucemia mieloide crónica e síndromes mielodisplásicas. Aqui, relatamos um caso de um homem de 60 anos com antecedente de mielofibrose admitida na sala de emergência devido a lesões ulceronecróticas, febre e disfagia. Enfatizamos a importância de reconhecer essa entidade e sua gravidade.

SUMMARY Granulocytic sarcoma also called myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary tumour of immature granulocytic cells. It is a rare entity, and mostly accompanied by acute myeloid leukaemia. It is observed during the course of myeloproliferative disorders especially in chronic myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Here, we report a case of a 60-year-old male with past history of myelofibrosis admitted to the emergency room due ulceronecrotic lesions, fever and dysphagia. We emphasize the importance of recognizing this entity and its severity.

OBJECTIVES Show that hidden endemic leprosy exists in a municipality of inner São Paulo state (Brazil) with active surveillance actions based on clinical and immunological evaluations. METHODS The study sample was composed by people randomly selected by a dermatologist during medical care in the public emergency department and by active surveillance carried out during two days at a mobile clinic. All subjects received a dermato-neurological examination and blood sampling to determine anti-PGL-I antibody titers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS From July to December 2015, 24 new cases of leprosy were diagnosed; all were classified as multibacillary (MB) leprosy, one with severe Lucio's phenomenon. Seventeen (75%) were found with grade-1 or 2 disability at the moment of diagnosis. Anti-PGL-I titer was positive in 31/133 (23.3%) individuals, only 6/24 (25%) were positive in newly diagnosed leprosy cases. CONCLUSIONS During the last ten years before this study, the average new case detection rate (NCDR) in this town was 2.62/100,000 population. After our work, the NCDR was raised to 42.8/100,000. These results indicate a very high number of hidden leprosy cases in this supposedly low endemic area of Brazil.

Abstract In Brazil, without considering the non-melanoma skin tumors, bladder cancer in men is the eighth most common, and the urothelial carcinoma or transitional cell carcinoma is the most common among these. Cutaneous metastases from urothelial neoplasms appear as single or multiple erythematous, infiltrated nodules or plaques, and like other cases of distant disease, it is indicative of poor prognosis. The invasive urothelial carcinoma is recognized for its ability to present divergent differentiation and morphological variants. The sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma is a rare cancer that consists of two different components: one composed of epithelial tissue and the other with sarcomatoid features of mesenchymal origin. The authors describe a case of cutaneous metastasis of sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma in a 63-year-old male patient.