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Definición conceptual de calidad y de excelencia en la educación superior en el contexto universitario chileno
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Arriagada-Poblete, Carla

; Gálvez-Gamboa, Francisco A.

; Adasme-Jara, Benjamin

Actualidades Investigativas en Educación

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apr 2023, Volume 23 N. 1 Pages 71 - 101

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The general objective of this study was to collectively construct the concepts of quality and excellence for a Chilean university as part of the updating of its quality policy, within the framework of the permanent search for continuous improvement within the institution. A theoretical review of both concepts was carried out, which allowed establishing that quality is a widely studied topic in higher education, but not the idea of excellence, which has been researched to a lesser extent. It was determined that a theoretical construction is not sufficient for their definitions, since both concepts have a multidimensionality and are dependent on the context to which they belong. Consequently, it was necessary to highlight the opinions of the different members of the university community in their definition. It was decided to apply a qualitative and exploratory approach based on the opinions of the different strata, where 75 people participated in a survey conducted through focus groups applied in August 2020 and October 2021. Subsequently, a content analysis was carried out, which established the following results: each definition of the concepts must be concrete and include an approach that considers the context and the elements of the university's work, such as objectives, identity, purposes, mission and institutional vision; the definition of the concept of excellence must explicitly include quality, so that the relationship between both definitions is visualized.

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo general construir colectivamente los conceptos de calidad y de excelencia para una universidad chilena como parte de la actualización de su política de calidad, en el marco de la búsqueda permanente de la mejora continua al interior de la institución. Se realizó una revisión teórica de ambos conceptos, lo que permitió establecer que la calidad es una temática ampliamente estudiada en educación superior, no así la idea de excelencia, que se encuentra investigada en menor medida. Se determinó que no es suficiente una construcción teórica para sus definiciones, ya que ambos conceptos poseen una multidimensionalidad y son dependientes del contexto al que pertenecen. Consecuentemente, fue necesario destacar las opiniones de los diferentes integrantes de la comunidad universitaria en su definición. Se decidió aplicar un enfoque cualitativo y exploratorio a partir de las opiniones de los distintos estamentos, donde participaron 75 personas de un levantamiento realizado a través de grupos focales aplicados en agosto de 2020 y en octubre del año 2021. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis de contenido que estableció los siguientes resultados: cada definición de los conceptos debe ser concreta e incluir un enfoque que considere el contexto y los elementos propios del quehacer de la universidad, tales como objetivos, identidad, propósitos, misión y visión institucional; la definición del concepto de excelencia debe incluir de manera explícita la calidad, de modo que se visualice la relación entre ambas definiciones.

https://doi.org/10.15517/aie.v23i1.51570

Effect of COVID-19 on Shoulder Arthroplasty at a Tertiary Care Medical Center in New York City
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Wang, Kevin C.

; Patel, Akshar V.

; White, Christopher A.

; Gross, Benjamin D.

; Parsons, Bradford O.

; Cagle, Paul J.

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

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feb 2023, Volume 58 N. 1 Pages 121 - 126

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented pause in elective surgeries, including shoulder arthroplasty. We sought to determine whether clinical and/or demographic differences would be seen between patients who presented for shoulder arthroplasty during the pandemic compared with the previous year (2019). Methods Institutional records were queried for patients who underwent shoulder replacement between March 1 and July 1 of 2019 and 2020. Demographics, range of motion, surgical duration, hospitalization time, discharge disposition, and postoperative management were analyzed. Results The mean duration of surgery was 160 ± 50 minutes in 2020 and 179 ± 54 minutes in 2019 (p= 0.13). The mean hospitalization time was 36 ± 13 hours in 2020 and 51 ± 40 hours in 2019 (p= 0.04). In 2019, 96% of the patients participated in physical therapy, while 71% did it in 2020 (p= 0.003). A total of 100% of the 2019 patients and 86% of the 2020 patients participated in an in-person postoperative follow-up (p= 0.006). The 2019 patients reported for an office visit on average 14 ± 11 days after surgery; the 2020 patients waited 25 ± 25 days to return for a follow-up (p= 0.10). Range of motion, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores, and complication rates did not differ between the cohorts. Conclusion Patients presenting for surgery during the initial phase of the pandemic were demographically and clinically similar to 2019 patients. However, the length of stay was significantly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Postoperative follow-up and physical therapy were delayed in 2020, but this did not lead to differences in complication or readmission rates compared with those of the 2019 cohort. Level of EvidenceIII.

Resumo Objetivo A pandemia de COVID-19 causou uma pausa sem precedentes em cirurgias eletivas, inclusive artroplastia de ombro. Procuramos determinar as possíveis diferenças clínicas e/ou demográficas entre os pacientes que realizaram artroplastia de ombro durante a pandemia em comparação com o ano anterior (2019). Métodos Os registros institucionais foram consultados para obtenção de informações sobre pacientes submetidos a artroplastia de ombro entre 1° de março a 1° de julho de 2019 e 2020. Dados demográficos, amplitude de movimento, duração da cirurgia, tempo de hospitalização, condições à alta e manejo pós-operatório foram analisados. Resultados O tempo médio de cirurgia foi de 160 ± 50 minutos em 2020 e de 179 ± 54 minutos em 2019 (p= 0,13). O tempo médio de internação foi de 36 ± 13 horas em 2020 e de 51 ± 40 horas em 2019 (p= 0,04). Em 2019, 96% dos pacientes fizeram fisioterapia, enquanto 71% o fizeram em 2020 (p= 0,003). Todos os pacientes de 2019 e 86% dos pacientes de 2020 participaram do acompanhamento pós-operatório presencial (p= 0,006). Os pacientes de 2019 retornaram para a consulta médica em média 14 ± 11 dias após a cirurgia; os pacientes de 2020 retornaram para o acompanhamento em 25 ± 25 dias (p= 0,10). A amplitude de movimento, a idade, a pontuação da American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA, na sigla em inglês) e as taxas de complicações não diferiram entre as coortes. Conclusão Os pacientes submetidos a cirurgia na fase inicial da pandemia eram demográfica e clinicamente semelhantes aos pacientes de 2019. No entanto, o tempo de internação diminuiu de forma significativa durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O acompanhamento pós-operatório e a fisioterapia foram adiados em 2020, mas isso não levou a diferenças nas taxas de complicações ou de reinternações em comparação às da coorte de 2019. Nível de EvidênciaIII.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735950

O Impacto da COVID-19 no Diagnóstico de Doenças Cardíacas na América Latina Uma Subanálise do INCAPS COVID
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Cerci, Rodrigo Julio

; Vitola, João Vicente

; Paez, Diana

; Zuluaga, Alejandro

; Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer

; Sierra-Galan, Lilia M.

; Carrascosa, Patricia

; Campisi, Roxana

; Gutierrez-Villamil, Claudia

; Peix, Amalia

; Chambers, Duane

; Velez, Mayra Sánches

; Alvarado, Carla M. G.

; Ventura, Ana C. F.

; Maldonado, Alejandro

; Castanos, Alfredo P.

; Diaz, Teresa C.

; Herrera, Yariela

; Vasquez, Manuel C.

; Arrieta, Ana A.

; Mut, Fernando

; Hirschfeld, Cole

; Malkovskiy, Eli

; Goebel, Benjamin

; Cohen, Yosef

; Randazzo, Michael

; Shaw, Leslee J.

; Williams, Michelle C.

; Villines, Todd C.

; Better, Nathan

; Dorbala, Sharmila

; Raggi, Paolo

; Pascual, Thomas N. B.

; Pynda, Yaroslav

; Dondi, Maurizio

; Einstein, Andrew J.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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apr 2022, Volume 118 N. 4 Pages 745 - 753

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento A pandemia de COVID-19 interferiu na prestação de atendimento a doenças cardiovasculares na América Latina. No entanto, o efeito da pandemia nos volumes de procedimentos cardíacos diagnósticos ainda não foi quantificado. Objetivo Avaliar (1) o impacto de COVID-19 nos volumes de diagnóstico cardíaco na América Latina e (2) determinar sua relação com a incidência de casos de COVID-19 e as medidas de distanciamento social. Métodos A International Atomic Energy Agency realizou uma pesquisa mundial avaliando mudanças nos volumes diagnósticos cardíacos decorrentes da COVID-19. Foram obtidos os volumes diagnósticos cardíacos dos locais participantes para março e abril de 2020 e comparados com março de 2019. Foram coletados dados de distanciamento social a partir dos Relatórios de mobilidade da comunidade de Google e a incidência de COVID-19 por país a partir de Our World in Data. Resultados Foram realizadas pesquisas em 194 centros que realizam procedimentos diagnósticos cardíacos, em 19 países da América Latina. Em comparação com o mês de março de 2019, os volumes dos procedimentos diagnósticos cardíacos diminuíram 36% em março de 2020 e 82% em abril de 2020.As maiores reduções ocorreram em relação aos testes de estresse ecocardiográfico (91%), testes ergométricos de esteira (88%) e escore de cálcio por tomografia computadorizada (87%), com pequenas variações entre as sub-regiões da América Latina. As mudanças em padrões de distanciamento social (p < 0,001) estavam mais fortemente associadas com a redução do volume do que a incidência de COVID-19 (p = 0,003). Conclusões A COVID-19 foi associada a uma redução significativa de procedimentos diagnósticos cardíacos na América Latina, a qual foi mais relacionada ao distanciamento social do que ao aumento da incidência da COVID-19. São necessários melhor equilíbrio e timing de medidas de distanciamento social e planejamento para manter o acesso ao atendimento médico durante um surto pandêmico, especialmente em regiões com alta mortalidade cardiovascular.

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the delivery of care for cardiovascular diseases in Latin America. However, the effect of the pandemic on the cardiac diagnostic procedure volumes has not been quantified. Objective To assess (1) the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac diagnostic volumes in Latin America and (2) determine its relationship with COVID-19 case incidence and social distancing measures. Methods The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey assessing changes in cardiac diagnostic volumes resulting from COVID-19. Cardiac diagnostic volumes were obtained from participating sites for March and April 2020 and compared to March 2019. Social distancing data were collected from Google COVID-19 community mobility reports and COVID-19 incidence per country from the Our World in Data. Results Surveys were conducted in 194 centers performing cardiac diagnostic procedures, in 19 countries in Latin America. Procedure volumes decreased 36% from March 2019 to March 2020, and 82% from March 2019 to April 2020. The greatest decreases occurred in echocardiogram stress tests (91%), exercise treadmill tests (88%), and computed tomography calcium scores (87%), with slight variations between sub-regions of Latin America. Changes in social distancing patterns (p < 0.001) were more strongly associated with volume reduction than COVID-19 incidence (p = 0.003). Conclusions COVID-19 was associated with a significant reduction in cardiac diagnostic procedures in Latin America, which was more related to social distancing than to the COVID-19 incidence. Better balance and timing of social distancing measures and planning to maintain access to medical care is warranted during a pandemic surge, especially in regions with high cardiovascular mortality.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210388

Sobre a atualidade política da Teoria Crítica: ciências sociais entre alienação e emancipação
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Bunk, Benjamin

; Sobottka, Emil A.

Civitas - Revista de Ciências Sociais

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2022, Volume 22 elocation e42718

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo: O objetivo deste texto, introdutório ao núcleo temático sobre a atualidade política da Teoria Crítica, é estabelecer um quadro referencial. Em um primeiro momento, coloca a questão da relação fundamental entre política, crítica e teoria social - atual já no tempo de Max Weber e na sua fundamentação das ciências sociais ao lado do político, a qual nunca perdeu a sua atualidade política. Em um segundo momento, por meio de uma retrospectiva histórica, são enfatizados aspectos fundamentais da forma de crítica da Teoria Crítica. Para tanto, recorremos a duas referências. Já Jean-Jacques Rousseau se ocupou da relação entre desigualdade e emancipação através de sua análise da alienação devida às condições sociais. Com Walter Benjamin a experiência com a política torna-se o ponto de partida para uma crítica da interconexão constitutiva entre o indivíduo e suas condições sociais. Ao assumir esses enfoques, a própria Teoria Crítica torna-se um instrumento para tornar o progressivo processo de sociação menos desigual e menos alienador - e a atualidade política permanente dessa escola de pensamento se torna evidente. Finalmente, sugerimos uma breve sistematização dos textos, em diálogo entre cientistas alemães e brasileiros, perguntando pelo lugar da política nas teorias sociais; pela relevância da política para diferentes teorias sociais atuais, notadamente pós-colonial e teoria crítica; por diagnósticos atuais de realidade feitos na perspectiva da Teoria Crítica.

Abstract: The objective of this text, introductory to the thematic nucleus on the political actuality of Critical Theory, is to establish a referential framework. At first, the text poses the question about the fundamental relationship between politics, criticism and social theory - present already in Max Weber’s time and his argument on the foundation of social sciences alongside the political which has not lost its political actuality. In a second moment, through a historical retrospective, fundamental aspects of the form of criticism of Critical Theory are emphasized. Already Jean-Jacques Rousseau has dealt with the relationship between inequality and emancipation through his analysis of alienation due to social conditions. With Walter Benjamin the experience of politics becomes the point of departure for a critique of the constitutive interconnection between the individual and social conditions. Thus Critical Theory itself turns to be an instrument to make the progressive process of sociation less unequal and less alienating - and the permanent political relevance of this school of thought becomes evident. Lastly we offer a systematization of the various contributions in this dossier (in dialogue between German and Brazilian scientists): asking for the place of politics in social theories; the relevance of politics for different current social theories, notably Post-colonial and Critical Theory; and actual diagnoses from the perspective of Critical Theory.

Resumen: El objetivo de este texto, introductorio al núcleo temático sobre la actualidad política de la Teoría Crítica, es establecer un marco referencial. En un primer momento, el texto plantea la cuestión de la relación fundamental entre política, crítica y teoría social - corriente ya en la época de Max Weber en su fundamentación de las ciencias sociales al lado de la política, que no ha perdido su actualidad política. En un segundo momento, a través de una retrospectiva histórica, se enfatizan aspectos fundamentales de la forma de crítica de la Teoría Crítica. Jean-Jacques Rousseau ya se ha ocupado de la relación entre desigualdad y emancipación con su análisis de la alienación debida a las condiciones sociales. Con Walter Benjamin la experiencia actual con la política se convierte entonces en el punto de partida para una crítica de la interconexión constitutiva entre las condiciones individuales y sociales. Así la propia Teoría Crítica se convierte en un instrumento para hacer menos desigual y menos alienante el proceso progresivo de sociación - y la permanente relevancia política de esta escuela de pensamiento se hace evidente. Al final este texto propone una sistematización de las diversas contribuciones, en diálogo entre científicos alemanes y brasileños: indagando sobre el lugar de la política en las teorías sociales; por la relevancia de la política para diferentes teorías sociales actuales, en particular las teorías poscoloniales y las teorías críticas; por diagnósticos de la actualidad desde la perspectiva de la Teoría Crítica.

https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-7289.2022.1.42718

The prevalence and correlates of anxiety and depression amongst essential workers during the COVID-19 lockdown in Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Falade, Joshua

; Oyebanji, Adedayo H.

; Oshatimi, Abayomi M.

; Babatola, Adefunke O.

; Orekoya, Adefolurin

; Eegunranti, Benjamin A.

; Falade, Olusola O.

South African Journal of Psychiatry

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2022, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 1 - 7

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: Essential workers are imperative in the fight against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemicAIM: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among essential workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdownSETTING: This study was set in Ekiti State, NigeriaMETHOD: This was a cross-sectional study involving essential workers in Ekiti State Nigeria, during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. A total of 588 essential workers were sampled. Online socio-demographic variables and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, a 14 item self-reported questionnaire were usedRESULTS: The prevalence of anxiety and depression among the respondents was 93.4% (CI = 91.2-95.2) and 64.3% (CI = 60.4-68.4) respectively. Among the health workers, the prevalence of anxiety and depression were 96.5% (CI =94.8-98.1) and 66.5% (CI = 60.5-69.8) respectively while the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among non- health workers were 84.6% (CI = 78.7-90.1) and 61.5% (CI = 54.2-69.4) respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of depressive symptoms was increased among, respondents who were not satisfied with the support they received from the government during the pandemic (AOR = 2.071, CI = 1.350-2.213), respondents that were 35 years and younger (AOR = 1.512, CI = 1.033-2.213) and reduced amongst Christians (AOR = 0.501, CI = 0.286-0.879). The odd of anxiety was increased among health workers compared to non-health workers (AOR = 3.700, CI = 1.744-7.851) and the odds of anxiety was reduced among respondents with previous history of mental illness (AOR = 0.215, CI = 0.049-0.943CONCLUSION: Anxiety and depressive symptoms were common mental illness among essential workers working during the COVID-19 lockdown, therefore their mental health should be adequately considered to sustain the fight against the virus

https://doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v28i0.1610 14 downloads

Histological biomarkers and biometric data on trahira Hoplias malabaricus (Pisces, Characiformes, Erythrinidae): a bioindicator species in the Mearim river, Brazilian Amazon
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Freitas, L. C.

; Silva, J. L. C.

; Pinheiro-Sousa, D. B.

; Santos, D. M. S.

; Benjamin, L. A.

; Oliveira, S. R. S.

; Moreno, L. C. G. A. I.

; Carvalho-Neta, R. N. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e263047

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os níveis de contaminação ambiental em uma área protegida na Amazônia brasileira. Para isso, foram escolhidas duas áreas ao longo do rio Mearim: a área de referência (A1) e a área potencialmente contaminada (A2), onde foram coletadas amostras de água, para análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas, além de espécimes de Hoplias malabaricus, para avaliação de dados biométricos e incidência de lesões branquiais. As análises físico-químicas da água de ambas as áreas mostraram contaminação (baixos níveis de oxigênio dissolvido, turbidez e altas concentrações de ferro, principalmente em A2). As análises microbiológicas mostraram que todas as amostras de água apresentaram valores de coliformes totais superiores aos aceitáveis pelo CONAMA e OMS (com valores superiores em A2), além de valores de E. coli superiores aos permitidos pela legislação em A2. Em relação aos dados biométricos, os peixes machos e fêmeas foram significativamente maiores e mais pesados em A1 durante as estações seca e chuvosa e o índice gonadossomático também apresentou valores maiores em A1 do que em A2 em ambas as estações. H. malabaricus apresentaram lesões branquiais de importância patológica mínima a moderada em A1 e A2, indicando que espécimes de ambas as áreas do rio Mearim apresentaram respostas biológicas à contaminação. As mudanças observadas na qualidade da água, nos parâmetros biométricos e nas análises histológicas dos espécimes de H. malabaricus refletem diretamente na qualidade e saúde dos peixes do Rio Mearim, e apontam para a necessidade urgente de prevenção e remediação da contaminação desses ecossistemas.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of environmental contamination in a protected area in the Brazilian Amazon. For this, two areas were chosen along the Mearim River: the reference area (A1) and the potentially contaminated area (A2), where water samples were collected, for physicochemical and microbiological analyses, as well as specimens of Hoplias malabaricus, for the evaluation of biometric data and incidence of branchial lesions. The physicochemical analyzes of the water from both areas showed contamination (low levels of dissolved oxygen, tubidity and high iron concentrations, especially in A2). The microbiological analyzes showed that all water samples showed total coliform values higher than those acceptable by CONAMA and WHO (with higher values in A2), in addition to E. coli values higher than those allowed by legislation in A2. Regarding biometric data, male and female fishes were significantly longer and heavier in A1 during the dry and rain seasons and the gonadosomatic index also showed higher values in A1 than in A2 in both seasons. H. malabaricus showed gill lesions of minimal to moderate pathological importance in A1 and A2, indicating that specimens from both areas of the Mearim River showed biological responses to contamination. The observed changes in the water quality, bimetic parameters and the histological analyzes of the specimens of H. malabaricus directly reflect on the quality and health of the fishes in the Mearim River, and point to the urgent need for prevention and remediation of contamination in these ecosystems.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.263047

Lead levels of new solvent-based household paints in Zimbabwe and Botswana: A preliminary study
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Kambarami, Rose A.

; Coulter, Lucia L.

; Mudawarima, Louisa Chikara

; Kandawasvika, Gwen

; Rafferty, Jack

; Donaldson, Clare

; Stewart, Benjamin

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine

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2022, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 1 - 4

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: Lead paint remains a major potential source of lead poisoning globally, but there has been no documentation on lead content in solvent paints available on the markets in Zimbabwe and Botswana AIM: To determine the lead content of solvent-based paints available on the market in Zimbabwe and Botswana and identify a need for a larger study to inform policy METHODS: This pilot study was conducted in Harare, Zimbabwe, and Gaborone, Botswana. Popular brands of solvent-based household paints were bought from hardware shops in Harare (10 samples) and Gaborone (19 samples). Samples were analysed for lead content using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry RESULTS: Seventy percent of samples from Zimbabwe were found to contain lead above 90 parts per million (ppm), the recommended regulatory limit, with ranges from less than 60 ppm to 12 000 ppm. Twenty percent of Zimbabwean samples had lead levels above 10 000 ppm. No samples from Botswana had lead concentration above the detection limit, with all levels below 100 ppm LESSON LEARNT: Data strongly suggest very high lead content in popular brands of solvent paints in Zimbabwe, indicating a need for a larger, well-designed study for policy direction

https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v14i1.3486 10 downloads

A critical analysis of the impact of religion on the Nigerian struggle for nationhood
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Ezeanya, Oguejiofo C.P.

; Ajah, Benjamin O.

; Ibenwa, Christopher N.

; Onuorah, Chioma P.

; Eze, Ugomma A.

HTS Theological Studies

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2022, Volume 78 N. 4 Pages 1 - 9

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Religion plays a vital role in the formation of conscience and therefore is very important in determining how people co-exist in a society. Nigerian citizens live in regions other than their ethnic geographical areas, but they are not recognised as people of the same destiny and subjects of equal rights. The long period of military dictatorship that truncated the country's democracy since the civil war gave Nigerians a constitution which adopted the Sharia legal system within a purported secular state. This encouraged a wide range of religious fanaticism and led to various demands for human rights, which has become a worrisome issue to concerned Nigerians. This article used secondary sources of data, such as newspaper publications and journal articles to examine the impact of religion on the state of the Nigerian nation today. The article calls for the harmonisation of Christianity and Islamic teachings in line with the secularity of the Nigerian state in order to reduce the increasing tensions in the country and make the journey to nationhood more realistic. CONTRIBUTION: This article proposes that the secularity of the Nigerian state has to be maintained by political and religious leaders in order to attain purposeful nationhood and achieve sustainable and genuine development of the country

https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v78i4.7225 179 downloads

Migrant and ethnic minority nurses’ experience of working in European health services: a qualitative study
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Antón-Solanas, Isabel

; Rodríguez-Roca, Beatriz

; Vanceulebroeck, Valérie

; Kömürcü, Nuran

; Kalkan, Indrani

; Huércanos-Esparza, Isabel

; Casa-Nova, Antonio

; Hamam-Alcober, Nadia

; Tambo-Lizalde, Elena

; Coelho, Margarida

; Coelho, Teresa

; Van Gils, Yannic

; Öz, Seda Değirmenci

; Kavala, Arzu

; Ramón-Arbués, Enrique

; Jerue, Benjamin A.

; Subirón-Valera, Ana B.

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2022, Volume 56 elocation e20220104

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a percepção da cultura e experiência de trabalho em serviços de saúde europeus de uma amostra intencional de enfermeiros qualificados migrantes e de minorias étnicas que moram atualmente na Bélgica, Portugal, Espanha e Turquia. Método: Optou-se pelo método fenomenológico qualitativo. Realizaram-se entrevistas individuais com 8 enfermeiros qualificados migrantes e de minorias étnicas que moram atualmente em quatro países europeus. A análise temática foi realizada por meio das etapas de Braun e Clark após os dados qualitativos terem sido transcritos na íntegra, traduzidos para o inglês e analisados. Resultados: Quatro temas e 4 subtemas emergiram da análise temática das transcrições. Conclusão: Enfermeiros migrantes e de minorias étnicas que trabalham na União Europeia vivenciam e testemunham discriminação e preconceito de pacientes e colegas devido a diferenças culturais. Os serviços de saúde europeus devem acompanhar de perto e combater a discriminação e o preconceito contra os trabalhadores e pacientes migrantes e de minorias étnicas, e tomar iniciativas para os reduzir e, em seguida, erradicá-los.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the perception of culture and experience of working in European health services of a purposive sample of qualified migrant and ethnic minority nurses currently living in Belgium, Portugal, Spain and Turkey. Method: A qualitative phenomenological method was chosen. Individual interviews took place with 8 qualified migrant and ethnic minority nurses currently living in four European countries. Thematic analysis was conducted using Braun and Clark’s stages after qualitative data had been verbatim transcribed, translated into English, and analyzed Results: Four themes and 4 subthemes emerged from thematic analysis of the transcripts. Conclusion: Migrant and ethnic minority nurses working in the European Union experience and witness discrimination and prejudice from patients and colleagues due to cultural differences. European health services should closely monitor and address discrimination and prejudice towards migrant and ethnic minority staff and patients, and take initiatives to reduce and, eventually, eradicate them.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de la cultura y la experiencia de trabajar en los servicios de salud europeos de una muestra intencional de enfermeros calificados de minorías étnicas y migrantes que actualmente viven en Bélgica, Portugal, España y Turquía. Método: Se decidió utilizar un método cualitativo fenomenológico. Se realizaron entrevistas individuales con 8 enfermeros calificados inmigrantes y de minorías étnicas que actualmente viven en cuatro países europeos. El análisis temático se realizó utilizando las etapas de Braun y Clark después de que los datos cualitativos fueran transcritos palabra por palabra, traducidos al inglés y analizados. Resultados: Del análisis temático de las transcripciones surgieron 4 temas y 4 subtemas. Conclusión: Los enfermeros de minorías étnicas y migrantes que trabajan en la Unión Europea experimentan y son testigos de la discriminación y de los prejuicios de los pacientes y colegas sobre la base de la diferencia cultural. Los servicios de salud europeos deben monitorear de cerca y abordar la discriminación y los prejuicios hacia el personal y los pacientes de minorías étnicas y migrantes, y tomar iniciativas para reducirlos y, eventualmente, erradicarlos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0104en

10.

Morphology and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solaniKühn associated with potato black scurf in Nariño (Colombia)
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BETANCOURTH-GARCÍA, CARLOS A.

; CASTRO-CAICEDO, BERTHA LUCIA

; QUIROZ-OJEDA, CLAUDIA

; SAÑUDO-SOTELO, BENJAMIN

; FLOREZ-CASANOVA, CARLOS

; SALAZAR-GONZALEZ, CLAUDIA

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas

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apr 2021, Volume 15 N. 1 elocation e11821

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The objective of the research was to understand the diversity of Rhizoctonia solani in potato crops in Nariño. Tubers with sclerotia were collected from farms in the municipalities of Pasto, Ipiales, Tuquerres and Ospina. In a laboratory, the strains were grouped in categories, selecting 30 for morphological and pathogenic studies. In an PDA medium, the daily mycelia growth rate (DMGR), pigmentation, texture, growth pattern (GP) and sclerotia characteristics were determined. The hyphae width and nuclei number were also evaluated. Solanum tuberosum L. GroupPhureja seedlings were used in the pathogenicity test. Initially, 494 strains were obtained with diverse cultural characteristics, grouped in 15 categories, selecting two of each one for the research. Of the 30 strains, there were significant differences in the DMGR according to the Tukey test (P=0.05), 96.6% of the strains had an average of 16.6 mm day-1. 15 day-old colonies had cream, beige, brown and salmon colors. 95% of the isolates formed plush mycelium with GP concentric simple rings, complex rings, and scattered and stellate forms. Sclerotia formation began at 6 days (average), and, at 15 days, dispersed arrangement predominated, as well as a peripheral, with brown, beige and cream colors. Three isolates did not produce sclerotia. The hyphae had a mean of 9.7 μm, and the nuclei number ranged between 7.2 - 8.2, without statistical differences. Twenty-four isolates caused 100% plant infection. The results suggest differences between the isolates, associated with levels of pathogenicity or anastomosis groups (AG), characteristics that will be studied in future research.

RESUMEN El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer la diversidad de Rhizoctonia solani en cultivos de papa en el departamento de Nariño. Se colectaron tubérculos con esclerocios en fincas de los municipios de Pasto, Ipiales, Túquerres y Ospina. En laboratorio, los aislamientos se agruparon en categorías, seleccionando 30 para los estudios morfológicos y patogénicos. En medio PDA, se determinó la tasa diaria de crecimiento micelial (TDCM), color, textura, patrón de crecimiento (PC) y características de los esclerocios. Se evaluó ancho de hifas y número de núcleos. Para pruebas de patogenicidad se utilizaron plántulas de papa Solanum tuberosum L.Group Phureja. Se obtuvieron 494 aislamientos con características culturales variadas, agrupados en 15 categorías, seleccionando dos de cada grupo para la investigación. Los 30 aislamientos mostraron diferencias significativas en la TDCM y según prueba de Tukey (P=0,05%), el 96,6% tuvo un promedio de 16,6 mm día-1. Colonias de 15 días de edad presentaron colores crema, beige, marrón y salmón. El 95% de los aislamientos formaron micelio afelpado con PC radial simple, radial complejo, disperso y estrellado. La formación de esclerocios se inició a los 6 días y a los 15 mostraron disposición dispersa y periférica, con colores marrón, beige y crema. Tres aislamientos no produjeron esclerocios. El ancho de hifas tuvo un promedio de 9,7 μm y entre 7.2-8.2 núcleos, sin diferencias estadísticas. Veinticuatro aislados causaron 100% de infección en las plantas. Los resultados sugieren diferencias entre aislamientos, asociados con patogenicidad o grupos de anastomosis, características que serán estudiadas en futuras investigaciones.

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i1.11821

11.

The role of wild canids in the seed dispersal of Washingtonia robusta (Arecaceae) in Sonoran Desert oases
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Armenta-Méndez, Lucila

; Gallo-Reynoso, Juan P.

; Wilder, Benjamin T.

; Gardea, Alfonso A.

; Ortega-Nieblas, María M.

; Barba-Acuña, Isai

Revista mexicana de biodiversidad

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2020, Volume 91 elocation e913129

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The canids gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus and coyote Canis latrans consume the fruits of Mexican fan palm, Washingtonia robusta, endemic to the oases of the Sonoran Desert. We analyzed biotic covariates (consumption, dispersal, and germination of palm seeds and abundance of gray foxes and coyotes) and organic matter in soils between different exposures in Barajitas Canyon, to better understand palm establishment. Mexican fan palm seeds found in feces had a greater germination rate (94%) than those dispersed directly from mother plants (55%). According to the results for palm establishment, the habitat can provide likely locations for successful colonization that did not significantly differ among sampling sites (α = 0.05, F = 1.104). The canyon is a dynamic habitat in which the reproductive season of these 2 mammals coincides with palm reproductive phenology. Our data suggest that the consumption and dispersal of W. robusta seeds by gray fox and coyote represent a positive interaction that plays a significant role in the establishment of this oasis species.

Resumen Los cánidos zorra gris Urocyon cinereoargenteus y coyote Canis latrans consumen los frutos de la palma de abanico mexicana Washingtonia robusta, endémica de los oasis del desierto sonorense. Analizamos covariables bióticas (consumo, dispersión, germinación de las semillas de la palma y abundancia de zorra gris y coyote) y el contenido de materia orgánica de los suelos entre diferentes condiciones de su exposición de dosel en el cañón de Las Barajitas, para entender mejor el establecimiento de las palmas. Las semillas de la palmera de abanico mexicana encontradas en las heces tuvieron una mayor tasa de germinación (94%) que las semillas de las palmas (55%). De acuerdo con los resultados para el establecimiento de palmas, el hábitat puede proporcionar sitios adecuados para una colonización exitosa, sin diferencias significativas entre los sitios de muestreo ((α = 0.05, F = 1.104). Este cañón es un hábitat dinámico en el que la temporada reproductiva de estos 2 mamíferos coincide con la fenología reproductiva de la palma. Nuestros datos sugieren que el consumo y la dispersión de las semillas de W. robusta por la zorra gris y el coyote representan una interacción positiva que juega un papel importante en el establecimiento de esta especie en los oasis.

https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2020.91.3129 317 downloads

12.

Proximal chemical analysis and secondary metabolites in Washingtonia robusta fruit (Arecaceae): relevance for the feeding of wildlife and human
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Armenta-Méndez, Lucila

; Ortega-Nieblas, María Magdalena

; Gallo-Reynoso, Juan Pablo

; Gardea, Alfonso A.

; Wilder, Benjamin

; González-Aguilar, Gustavo

; Preciado-Saldaña, Alejandra M.

Botanical Sciences

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jun 2019, Volume 97 N. 2 Pages 155 - 166

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Background: Washingtonia robusta fruits are a staple for birds, small and medium-size mammals, and humans. However, quantitative data of their nutritional contribution has remained unknown. This is the first report on the phytochemical components found in fruit pulp and seeds. Questions: Does pulp compounds favor its consumption and contribute with nutrients for wildlife and humans? Do seed contents favor ecological interactions for germination and plantlet development? Species study: Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl. Study site and dates: Sierra El Aguaje, Sonora, Mexico, February - April 2016 Methods: Chemical and secondary metabolite analyses were carried out from extracts via phytochemical coloring tests and ultra-resolution liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity was analyzed by DPPH. Results: Washingtonia robusta seeds contain 73 % sugars, 7.4 % protein, 8.4 % humidity, 4.3 % ashes, 8.7 % fat and 0.2 % calcium, while cyanogenic glycosides content was 0.8 μg/g. Pulp has 71 % sugars, 10.8 % protein, 1.6 % humidity, 5.5 % ashes, 9.4 % fat and 1.5 % calcium, and cyanogenic glycosides reached 0.2 μg/g. Alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, and flavonoids were more abundant in seeds than in pulp. The DPPH assay expressed in Trolox equivalents indicated antioxidant capacity. Conclusions: Washingtonia robusta pulp is an important source of sugars and natural antioxidants for wildlife and human consumption. Occurrence of secondary metabolites prevents pathogens in seeds, also they could be beneficial for germination and initial plantlet development.

Resumen: Antecedentes: Los frutos de Washingtonia robusta son un alimento para aves, pequeños y medianos mamíferos y humanos. Sin embargo, se desconocen los datos cuantificados de su contribución nutricional. Este es el primer informe sobre sus componentes fitoquímicos en la pulpa de su fruta y semillas. Preguntas: ¿Los compuestos de la pulpa favorecen su consumo y contribuyen con nutrientes para la vida silvestre, así como para el consumo humano? ¿El contenido de las semillas favorece las interacciones ecológicas para la germinación y el desarrollo vegetal? Especie en estudio: Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl. Sitio de estudio y fechas: Sierra El Aguaje, Sonora, México, febrero-abril 2016 Métodos: Análisis químico proximal y de metabolitos secundarios a partir de extractos crudos, pruebas fitoquímicas de coloración y cromatografía líquida de ultra resolución; actividad antioxidante por DPPH. Resultados: La semilla contiene 73 % azúcares, 7.4 % proteína, 8.4 % humedad, 4.3 % cenizas, 8.7 % grasa, 0.2 % calcio y glucósidos cianogénicos 0.8 μg/g. Los componentes de la pulpa incluyen: 71 % azúcares, 10.8 % proteína, 1.6 % humedad, 5.5 % cenizas, 9.4 % grasa, 1.5 % calcio y 0.2 μg/g de glucósidos cianogénicos. Los alcaloides, taninos y saponinas son más abundantes en las semillas que en la pulpa, lo mismo ocurre con fenoles y flavonoides. El ensayo DPPH expresado en equivalentes Trolox indicó la capacidad antioxidante. Conclusiones: Los frutos de W. robusta son una fuente de azúcares y antioxidantes naturales para el consumo por la fauna y los humanos. Los metabolitos secundarios presentes en la semilla son disuasorios a patógenos, y pueden ser benéficos para la germinación y el desarrollo de la plántula.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2057 645 downloads

13.

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention's framework for antimicrobial resistance control in Africa
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Varma, Jay K.

; Oppong-Otoo, John

; Ondoa, Pascale

; Perovic, Olga

; Park, Benjamin J.

; Laxminarayan, Ramanan

; Peeling, Rosanna W.

; Schultsz, Constance

; Li, Han

; Ihekweazu, Chikwe

; Sall, Amadou A.

; Jaw, Baboucarr

; Nkengasong, John N.

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine

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2018, Volume 7 N. 2 Pages 1 - 4

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.4102/ajlm.v7i2.830 255 downloads

14.

Guidelines for the vaccination of HIV-infected adolescents and adults in South Africa
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Dlamini, Sipho K.

; Madhi, Shabir A.

; Muloiwa, Rudzani

; von Gottberg, Anne

; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S.

; Meiring, Susan T.

; Wiysonge, Charles S.

; Hefer, Eric

; Mulaudzi, Muhangwi B.

; Nuttall, James

; Moorhouse, Michelle

; Kagina, Benjamin M.

Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine

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2018, Volume 19 N. 1 Pages 1 - 8

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v19i1.839 609 downloads

15.

Prostate cancer in renal transplant recipients
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Sherer, Benjamin A.

; Warrior, Krishnan

; Godlewski, Karl

; Hertl, Martin

; Olaitan, Oyedolamu

; Nehra, Ajay

; Deane, Leslie Allan

International braz j urol

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dec 2017, Volume 43 N. 6 Pages 1021 - 1032

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT As patients with end-stage renal disease are receiving renal allografts at older ages, the number of male renal transplant recipients (RTRs) being diagnosed with prostate cancer (CaP) is increasing. Historically, the literature regarding the management of CaP in RTR's is limited to case reports and small case series. To date, there are no standardized guidelines for screening or management of CaP in these complex patients. To better understand the unique characteristics of CaP in the renal transplant population, we performed a literature review of PubMed, without date limitations, using a combination of search terms including prostate cancer, end stage renal disease, renal transplantation, prostate cancer screening, prostate specific antigen kinetics, immuno-suppression, prostatectomy, and radiation therapy. Of special note, teams facilitating the care of these complex patients must carefully and meticulously consider the altered anatomy for surgical and radiotherapeutic planning. Active surveillance, though gaining popularity in the general low risk prostate cancer population, needs further study in this group, as does the management of advance disease. This review provides a comprehensive and contemporary understanding of the incidence, screening measures, risk stratification, and treatment options for CaP in RTRs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2016.0510 993 downloads

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