Resumo Este estudo avaliou o efeito do óleo volátil de Alpinia zerumbet (OVAz) na expressão do gene da caveolina-1 e na fibrose muscular. Os ratos foram imobilizados para induzir a fibrose do músculo gastrocnêmio, e foram tratados com OVAz. A qualidade do colágeno foi avaliada com histologia e à expressão do gene caveolina-1 (CAV-1) foi avaliada usando qPCR. A análise histomorfológica indicou uma redução significativa no perímetro, largura e intensidade do colágeno nos grupos tratados. Os resultados dos níveis de expressão sugeriram diminuição nos grupos de lesão e em dois grupos de tratamento (0,0115 µg/g e 0,009 µg/g). No entanto, com a menor concentração (0,0065 µg/g), não foi observada diferença significativa, apresentando níveis semelhantes aos encontrados em tecido saudável. O uso do OVAz foi eficaz para reverter as alterações do colágeno causadas pela fibrose, e sua menor concentração apresentou uma possível tendência de aumento na expressão do CAV-1. Portanto, os resultados mostraram que o OVAz tem potencial para ser uma alternativa não invasiva e de baixo custo para auxiliar no tratamento da fibrose muscular.

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of the volatile oil of Alpinia zerumbet (VOAz) on caveolin-1 gene expression and muscular fibrosis. The rats were immobilized to induce fibrosis of the gastrocnemius muscle, and they were treated with VOAz. Collagen quality was assessed by histology and the expression of the caveolin-1 (CAV-1) gene was evaluated using qPCR. Histomorphological analysis indicated a significant reduction in the perimeter, width, and intensity of collagen in the treated groups, thus showing that the oil was effective in regulating the quality of collagen at the three concentrations. The results of expression levels suggested a decrease in the lesioned group and in two treatment groups (0.0115 µg/g and 0.009 µg/g). However, with the lowest concentration (0.0065 µg/g), no significant difference was observed, with levels similar to those found in healthy tissue. Therefore, the results showed that VOAz has the potential to be a non-invasive and low-cost alternative to aid in the treatment of muscular fibrosis.

Resumo A lagarta-do-cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) é a principal espécie que causa danos à cultura do milho no Brasil. Na perspectiva de estudar alternativas de controle desta praga que preservem os inimigos naturais, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a eficiência inseticida dos óleos essenciais de Vanillosmopsis arborea e Lippia microphylla sobre S. frugiperda e verificar a seletividade ao predador Euborellia annulipes. Os bioensaios foram realizados no Laboratório de Entomologia Agropecuária da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, utilizando insetos, de 3º instar de S. frugiperda e E. annulipes, oriundos de criação massal no próprio laboratório. As diluições dos óleos foram realizadas em Tween® 80 nas concentrações de 0, 100, 150 e 200 mg mL-1. 1,0 μL de cada diluição foi aplicado na região protorácica dos insetos. A mortalidade de S. frugiperda foi verificada pelo contato tópico do óleo de V. arborea com LC10 = 74,3 mg mL-1 e LC50 = 172,86 mg mL-1, para L. microphyla, LC10 = 51,26 mg mL-1 e LC50 = 104,52 mg mL-1. As concentrações letais observadas para E. annulipes foram V. arborea LC10 = 71,3 mg mL-1 e LC50 = 160,2 mg mL-1. Enquanto L. microphyla, foram LC10 = 50,3 mg mL-1 e LC50 = 134,67 mg mL-1. Os óleos essenciais de V. arborea e L. microphylla são eficientes no controle de S. frugiperda, mas não são seletivos ao predador E. Annulipes.

Abstract Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is the main species that causes damage to the maize crop in Brazil. In the perspective of studying alternatives of control of this pest that preserve the natural enemies, the aim of this research was to evaluate the insecticidal efficiency of the essential oils of Vanillosmopsis arborea and Lippia microphylla on S. frugiperda and verify the selectivity to the predator Euborellia annulipes. The bioassays were carried out in the Agricultural Entomology Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraiba, using insects, from 3rd instar of S. frugiperda and E. annulipes, originating from mass rearing in the laboratory itself. Dilutions of the oils were performed in Tween® 80 at concentrations of 0, 100, 150 and 200 mg mL-1. 1.0 μL from each dilution was applied to the prothoracic region of the insects. The S. frugiperda mortality was verified by topical contact of V. arborea oil with LC10 = 74.3 mg mL-1 and LC50 = 172.86 mg mL-1, for L. microphyla, LC10 = 51.26 mg mL-1 and LC50 = 104.52 mg mL-1. The observed lethal concentrations for E. annulipes were V. arborea LC10 = 71.3 mg mL-1 and LC50 = 160.2 mg mL-1. While L. microphyla, were LC10 = 50.3 mg mL-1 and LC50 = 134.67 mg mL-1. The essential oils of V. arborea and L. microphylla are efficient in the control of S. frugiperda, but are not selective to the predator E. Annulipes.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the antibiotic profile of microorganisms isolated from urine samples of patients with community urine tract infections (UTI) admitted to the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sao Carlos to support an appropriate local empirical treatment. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2018 to October 2020. Data from 1,528 positive urine cultures for bacterial pathogens and antibiograms were tabulated. Bacterial species prevalence and their resistance profile were analyzed and compared by sex and age. For Gram-negative fermenting bacteria, resistance rates were compared between patients with previous hospitalization and the total of infections caused by this group. For comparisons, the Chi-square test was performed, using Fisher’s exact test when necessary (BioEstat program, adopting p ≤ 0.05). A multivariate analysis was applied to assess the effect of the studied variables in predicting multidrug resistance. Infections were more prevalent in women and older adults. Gram-negative bacteria represented 90.44% of total cultures. In both sexes, E. coli prevalence was significantly higher in adults compared with older adults (p < 0.0001). For several antibiotics, resistance rates were higher in the older adults compared with other ages and in patients with Gram-negative fermenting infections and previous hospitalization compared with the total of infections by this group of bacteria. The closer to the hospitalization, the higher the number of antibiotics with superior resistance rates. Resistance rates for aminoglycosides, carbapenems, ceftazidime, nitrofurantoin, piperacillin+tazobactam, and fosfomycin were less than 20%, considered adequate for empirical treatment. Only hospitalization in the previous 90 days was statistically significant in predicting infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Abstract This study aimed to describe the preparation of Nb2O5 pellets by uniaxial pressing, to investigate the influence of heat treatment at different temperatures (800, 900, and 1000 °C) on the physical, surface, microstructural, and adsorptive properties of the materials, and to assess their potential as reusable adsorbents for methylene blue removal. Specimens treated at 800 °C contained a mixture of monoclinic and hexagonal phases, with a predominance of monoclinic structures. By contrast, heat treatment at 900 °C and above resulted in complete conversion to the monoclinic phase. The surface of Nb2O5 particles contained basic groups, possibly oxygen ions (O-). Experimental investigations showed that methylene blue adsorption followed second-order kinetics, suggesting chemical diffusion as the dominant process. Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 6.0. Pellets remained intact after the adsorption test. A study was carried out to determine the reusability of pellets over five adsorption cycles in methylene blue solutions at different concentrations. The maximum adsorbed concentration was 10.4 mg.L-1. The adsorption capacity of Nb2O5 specimens gradually decreased from 56% in the first cycle to 25% in the fifth cycle. Despite this reduction in removal efficiency, Nb2O5 pellets showed promise as reusable adsorbents in heterogeneous processes because of their high potential adsorption capacity and easy separation from the reaction medium.

ABSTRACT Background: Bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) is present worldwide. Empirical antibiotic therapy is often needed, and the use of fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, is common. This study aimed to analyze the urine cultures from 2,680 outpatients in January 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, with bacterial counts above 100,000 CFU/mL in which Escherichia coli was the etiological agent. Methods: We monitored the resistance of ESBL-positive and ESBL-negative strains to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin and evaluated resistance rates. Results: Significantly higher fluoroquinolone resistance rates were observed among ESBL-positive strains in all years studied. Furthermore, a significant increase in the rate of fluoroquinolone resistance was observed between 2021 and 2022 in ESBL-positive and -negative strains, as well as from 2020 to 2021 among the ESBL-positive strains. Conclusions: The data obtained in the present study showed a tendency towards an increase in fluoroquinolone resistance among ESBL-positive and -negative E. coli strains isolated from urine cultures in Brazil. Since empirical antibiotic therapy with fluoroquinolones is commonly used to treat diverse types of infections, such as community-acquired urinary tract infections, this work highlights the need for continuous monitoring of fluoroquinolone resistance among E. coli strains circulating in the community, which can mitigate the frequency of therapeutic failures and development of widespread multidrug-resistant strains.

Abstract Aiming to produce an antimicrobial dressing for wound healing applications, in this work Tea Tree oil (TTO) was incorporated into PHBV nanofibers by absorption. It was observed increase in the nanofiber diameter due to 5% TTO absorption efficiency, which also led to a 54% decrease in the contact angle. The releasing assay indicates a 6.8% oil release in the first 24 h – being probably the oil deposited at the polymer surface – followed by a minimal release at 48 h. The set of antimicrobial assays performed suggests the incorporation of TTO optimized the antimicrobial activity of the polymer for E. coli and C. albicans, while against S. aureus no significant difference was observed. The MTT assay showed no cytotoxicity of PHBV, but the incubation of L929 fibroblast cells with PHBV-TTO reduced cell viability. Overall, the PHBV nanofibers containing TTO present great potential as an antimicrobial dressing.

ABSTRACT In this paper we study stable bi-maps F = ( f 1 , f 2 ) : M → ℝ × ℝ 2 from a global viewpoint, where M is a smooth closed orientable surface and f 1 : M → ℝ , f 2 : M → ℝ 2 are stable maps. We associate a graph to F, so-called ℛℳ-graph and study its properties. The ℛℳ-graph captures more information about the topological structure of M than other graphs that appear in literature. Moreover, some graph realization theorems are obtained.

Shape memory alloys (SMA) are now widely studied in academia and have increasing usage in industry, as they allow efficient performance compared to mechanic actuators with reduced dimensions and the possibility of sensing temperature through the material itself. A subclass of the SMAs are the alloys with magnetic shape memory, still little explored as intelligent materials in Brazil. They combine the best properties of SMAs and common magnetostrictive materials. The magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMA) can be activated not only by the presence of a thermal stimulus, but also by the presence of an applied magnetic field. In this research, the polycrystalline magnetic shape memory alloys Ni51.3Mn24Ga24.7 and Ni54Mn21Ga25 were manufactured and characterized. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-Ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy analyzes were performed to thermoanalytically and crystallographically characterize the alloys. Magnetic characterizations were also performed using Magnetic force microscopy. The results of the characterizations showed that the production process and the heat treatment were satisfactory for the fabrication of the ferromagnetic polycrystalline alloys. Besides that, the compositions Ni51.3Mn24Ga24.7 and Ni54Mn21Ga25, presented austenitic and martensitic 5M structures, respectively, at room temperature and it was possible to observe the alignment of the magnetic domains after magnetization.

Abstract The leaf crown borer Eupalamides cyparissias (Cramer, 1775) is an important pest of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) and other palms (Arecaceae) of economic importance, attacking the base of leaves, inflorescences, and infructescences, increasing fruit abortion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial correlation of the infestation rate of E. cyparissias in coconut plantation blocks in the Brazilian Amazon, from January to December 2019, in the city of Santa Izabel, Pará, Brazil. The study area is a farm subdivided into 157 blocks of a commercial plantation of the green dwarf coconut. The Local Moran’s Index was used to evaluate the existence of spatial autocorrelation of the E. cyparissias infestation rate in the 157 blocks with neighboring blocks. The infestation rate was calculated by the ratio between the number of plants attacked by the borer and the total number of plants in a block. There is a significant correlation of the symptomatology of the attack by E. cyparissias in the blocks of the experimental area, which indicates an aggregated pattern of distribution. There is no significant correlation between the attack by the borer and the age of the coconut tree; however there is a significant correlation between the attack by the borer and proximity to forest areas. These results indicate that forest regions are foci of infestation by the borer in coconut plantations.

Resumo A broca-da-coroa-foliar Eupalamides cyparissias (Cramer, 1775) é um importante praga para as culturas do coqueiro (Cocos nucifera Linnaeus) e outras palmeiras (Areacaceae) de importância econômica, atacando a base de folhas, inflorescências e infrutescências acarretando o aumento do abortamento de frutos. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a distribuição espacial da taxa de plantas com sintomas de ataque por E. cyparissias das quadras de plantio de coqueiro na Amazônia brasileira, de janeiro a dezembro de 2019, no município de Santa Izabel, Pará, Brasil. A área de estudo é uma fazenda subdividida em 157 quadras de plantio comercial de coqueiro anão verde (C. nucifera). O Índice de Moran Local foi utilizado para avaliar a existência de autocorrelação espacial da variável sintomatologia do ataque de E. cyparissias das 157 quadras com as quadras vizinhas. Há correlação significativa da sintomatologia do ataque por E. cyparissias nas quadras da área experimental, o que indica um padrão de distribuição agregado. Não há correlação significativa entre o ataque pela broca e idade do coqueiro, no entanto há correlação significativa entre o ataque pela broca e proximidade a áreas de mata. Esses resultados indicam que regiões de floresta são focos de infestação pela broca em plantios de coqueiro.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou o efeito da terapia fotodinâmica (PDT) em canais radiculares infectados com E. faecalis. Vinte e um dentes humanos extraídos foram selecionados, e 18 foram infectados por E. faecalis por 60 dias. As estratégias antimicrobianas testadas foram: G1. Preparo do canal radicular (PCR) com instrumentos rotatórios de NiTi, NaOCl 2,5% e irrigação final com EDTA 17%, seguido de PDT com fotossensibilizador azul de metileno e laser diodo de baixa potência; G2. PCR usando limas de aço inoxidável e os mesmos protocolos de irrigação e PDT do G1; G3. Protocolo de PCR similar que G1 sem PDT; G4. Somente irrigação com NaOCl 2,5%; G5. Protocolo similar ao G1, sem PCR; G6. Controle negativo; G7. Controle positivo. Amostras para exames microbiológicos foram coletadas inicialmente (S1), após PCR (S2) e após PDT (S3). Na sequência, as raízes foram seccionadas e preparadas para análise em microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). O crescimento bacteriano foi analisado de acordo com a turbidez do meio de cultura seguida pela densidade óptica espectrofotométrica (nm). O efeito da PDT na estrutura dentinária foi avaliado em aumentos de 1.600X e 5.000X, e descrito qualitativamente. O teste de Wilcoxon foi utilizado para as comparações dos mesmos espécimes e o teste de Mann-Whitney para as comparações entre os grupos ((=5%). Bactérias foram encontradas em todos os grupos experimentais, e em todas as coletas microbiológicas (S1, S2 e S3). A densidade óptica dos meios de cultura foi menor em S2 do que em S1 de G1, 2, 3 e 4 (p>0,05). Após a PDT (S3) em G1 e 2, houve redução adicional na densidade óptica do meio de cultura de 90,0% e 92,0%, respectivamente (p>0,05). No Grupo 5, a análise dos meios de cultura em S2 revelou um aumento de 3,2% na densidade óptica em comparação com S1(p>0,05). Nas imagens de MEV do G1, 2 e 5 foram evidenciadas dentina com áreas de fusão e recristalização. O PDT utilizado após preparo do canal radicular com sistema rotatório ou manual, associado ao NaOCl 2,5%, não foi capaz de eliminar completamente o E. faecalis em biofilme maduro presente no canal radicular.

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on infected root canals. Twenty-one human teeth were selected, and 18 were infected by E. faecalis for 60 days. The antimicrobial strategies tested were: G1. Root canal preparation (RCP) using Niquel-Titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments, 2.5% NaOCl, and final irrigation with 17% EDTA, followed by PDT with methylene blue photosensitizer and laser diode low power; G2. RCP using stainless steel files and the same irrigation and PDT protocols as G1; G3. Same RCP protocol as G1 without PDT; G4. Only irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl; G5. Same PDT protocol as G1 without RCP; G6. Negative control; G7. Positive control. Samples for microbiological tests were collected initially (S1), after RCP (S2), and after PDT (S3). Subsequently, the roots were sectioned and prepared for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Bacterial growth was analyzed according to the turbidity of the culture medium, followed by spectrophotometric optical density (nm). The effect of PDT on the dentinal structure was evaluated at magnifications 1,600X and 5,000X and described qualitatively. The Wilcoxon test was used for the comparisons from the same specimens, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare groups ((=5%). Bacteria were found in all experimental groups’ microbiological samples (S1, S2 and S3). The optical density of culture media was lower in S2 than in S1 of G1, 2, 3, and 4 (p> 0.05). After PDT (S3) in G1 and 2, there was an additional reduction in optical density of the culture medium, respectively (p>0.05). In Group 5, the analysis of culture media at S2 revealed an increase in optical density compared to S1(p>0.05). In SEM images of G1, 2, and 5, dentin with melting and recrystallization areas were evidenced. After preparation of the root canal with the rotary system or manually associated with 2.5% NaOCl, PDT was not able to completely eliminate E. faecalis present in the root canal.

RESUMO Após meses com as salas de aula fechadas, professores e alunos ainda não vislumbram quando se poderá voltar às escolas. Roger Chartier, no artigo “Mundo pós-pandemia”, publicado em 1º de junho na página virtual do Sesc-SP, destaca a “infinita tristeza do ensino” no isolamento. Na esteira dessa percepção, vimos desde a interrupção das aulas avaliações as mais diversas sobre o papel da instituição escolar e da socialização que ela realiza para a formação educacional da infância e juventude. Interessados em alargar a visão sobre o tema, propomos historicizar o que chamamos aqui de “imagem da sala de aula”. Para concretizar nosso propósito, escolhemos para análise as imagens presentes nas famosas histórias em quadrinhos francesas do Petit Nicholas, assinadas por René Goscinny e ilustradas por Jean-Jacques Sempé entre 1956 e 1964. Tais imagens serão interpeladas com o auxílio da noção de representação, na voz de autores há muito tempo lidos e relidos entre os educadores: Émile Durkheim e Roger Chartier. O uso do conceito de representação nos será útil para explorar as múltiplas respostas dos autores de seus respectivos tempos históricos sobre os problemas e as potências da escola. Lembrando as palavras de Ítalo Calvino (1993), convém dedicarmos um tempo para revisitar leituras importantes de nossa formação. As referências permanecem as mesmas, mas nossas trajetórias e desafios mudam. A atual situação é um convite à releitura dessas obras “clássicas” que, pela sua fecundidade, sobretudo quando explicam a força da representação, permitem refletir sobre a construção do desejável em educação hoje.

ABSTRACT After months of closed classrooms, teachers and students still cannot envisage when they will be able to return to schools. Roger Chartier, in the article “Post- pandemic world”, published on June 1st on the Sesc-SP website, highlights the “infinite sadness of teaching” in isolation. In the wake of this perception, we have seen, since classes were interrupted, the most diverse assessments of the role of the school as an institution and of the socialization it promotes for the education of children and youth. Hoping to broaden the views on this topic, we propose to historicize what we call the “image of the classroom”. To achieve our purpose, we analyzed the images found in the famous French comic books Petit Nicholas, signed by René Goscinny and illustrated by Jean-Jacques Sempé between 1956 and 1964. These images will be construed with the aid of the notion of representation, according to the voice of authors that educators have long read and re-read: Émile Durkheim and Roger Chartier. The concept of representation will be useful for us to explore the multiple responses of the authors to the problems and potential of the school in their respective historical times. Recalling the words of Ítalo Calvino (1993), we should take time to revisit important readings of our own education. The references remain the same, but the trajectories and challenges change. The current situation is an invitation to re-read these “classic” works that, because of their fruitfulness, especially in explaining the strength of representation, allow us to reflect on constructing what is desirable in education today.

Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) makes up a large mass fraction of the organic carbon in the aerosol and can influence important cloud processes in the atmosphere. The capacity of WSOC to form metallic complexes with transition metals is well known; however, its influence on the aerosol of urban areas in the Amazon region is not very well known. In this study, we investigated the relationship between WSOC, black carbon (BC), levoglucosan (LEV) and transition metals (Fe, Cu and Mn) present in the PM2.5 (particles with a diameter smaller than 2.5 µm) of an urban environment during the dry season in the central Amazon. Oxalic acid (C2) was used to identify the influence of transition metals on WSOC. The mean mass concentration value of the PM2.5 was 14.72 μg m-3 (2.11-31.68 μg m-3). The WSOC made up 58.34% of the PM2.5 mass, followed by BC (20.28%), and LEV (2.62%). The WSOC showed significant correlation with the transition metals analyzed (> 0.56), especially Mn with C2 (linear coefficient (R2) = 0.74). A multiple linear regression with WSOC, BC and LEV showed a strong linear correlation between them (R2 = 0.86), indicating the influence of biomass burning and vehicle traffic on the organic aerosol.

A procedure using disposable pipette tips adapted for solid-phase extraction, known as DPX SPE, was used as an alternative way for the chromium determination in wastewater samples. DPX-SPE consists of a device which allows a dynamic contact between the sample and the solid-phase. A residue obtained from the processing of coffee beans, denominate coffee silverskin, was used as a new adsorbent. Characterization techniques revealed properties of lignocellulosic materials with potential application for chromium adsorption. The parameters including adsorbent mass (25.00 mg), elution solvent (0.1 mol L-1 HCl, 200 μL) and pH (2.0) were optimized. Thus, 1.00 mL of deionized water for conditioning, 4.00 mL of sample, 2 extraction cycles and 1 elution cycle were the employed conditions. Enrichment factor of 12, limit of detection of 6.00 µg L-1 and relative standard deviation (RSD) 1.3% (n = 3) were obtained. The method proved to be fast, cheap, environmentally friendly, and simple, providing good recoveries (104-113%), and it was satisfactorily applied in real samples.

ABSTRACT Studies involving endophytic fungi isolated from endemic plants and their antibacterial potential are largely unknown in the Pampa biome. In this study, we identified endophytic fungi isolated from Kelissa brasiliensis (Iridaceae), an endemic species of the Brazilian Pampa, and assessed their antibacterial activity. Endophytic fungi were first grouped based on macro-and micro-morphology, and one representative of each morphospecies was analyzed using sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA region. We then tested the fungal extracts against laboratory isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for antibacterial activity. A total of 30 endophytes were isolated from the tissues of K. brasiliensis, with the majority from the leaves. Endophytes were then grouped into seven morphospecies based on their morphological features and one representative from each was selected for phylogenetic analysis. The inference from the ITS rDNA sequences identified the endophytes of the seven selected morphospecies as belonging to six taxonomic groups: Colletotrichum (two), Diaporthe (one), Epicoccum (one), Fusarium (one), and Pestalotiopsis (one). The endophyte extracts revealed better results against E. coli than S. aureus, although the extracts from Colletotrichum and Pestalotiopsis sp. were statistically similar to the control antibiotic. Our study is a basis for endophytic fungi studies in Pampa.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar as atitudes e práticas do manejo dietético da alergia ao leite de vaca por cuidadores segundo os estágios de mudança do comportamento. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo observacional e transversal que contou com 30 cuidadores de crianças com alergia ao leite de vaca, atendidas em ambulatório especializado, no período de julho de 2018 a maio de 2019. A coleta de dados contou com formulário estruturado que incluiu aspectos sociodemográficos, classificação social e algoritmo adaptado para classificar os estágios de mudança do comportamento de acordo com o modelo transteórico. Resultados: A maioria dos cuidadores (26/30) é do sexo feminino, com idade entre 20 e 48 anos e pertence às classes sociais C, D e E. Quanto aos estágios de mudança do comportamento em relação ao manejo dietético da alergia ao leite de vaca, segundo o modelo transteórico, é possível observar que 80% dos participantes (24/30) se encontram no estágio de ação, enquanto 20% (6/30) no estágio de manutenção. Conclusões: As atitudes e práticas de cuidadores de crianças sobre o manejo dietético na alergia ao leite de vaca são influenciadas por sentimentos e emoções que podem interferir na comunicação e no entendimento das orientações dietéticas. Esses cuidadores se encontram em estágios de ação e manutenção em relação à mudança de comportamento correspondentes às suas atitudes e práticas.

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the attitudes and practices of dietary management for cow's milk allergy by caregivers according to the stages of behavior change. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study involving 30 caregivers of children with cow's milk allergy who were followed up in a specialized outpatient clinic, from July 2018 to May 2019. Data collection included a structured questionnaire about sociodemographic aspects, social classification and an adapted algorithm to classify the stages of behavior change based on a trans-theoretical model. Results: Most caregivers (26/30) were females aged 20 to 48 years and belonging to social classes C, D and E. Regarding the stages of behavior change for the dietary management of cow's milk allergy according to the model, 80% of the participants (24/30) were in the action stage, while 20% (6/30) were in the maintenance stage. Conclusions: The attitudes and practices of caregivers for the dietary management of cow's milk allergy are influenced by feelings and emotions that can interfere with communication and the understanding of dietary guidelines; however, these caregivers are in different stages of action and maintenance to change behavior that correspond to their attitudes and practices.