ABSTRACT This article aims to evaluate social and health indicators of municipalities according to the rural-urban typology. This is an ecological study that used official publicly accessible data from the 853 municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Descriptive and bivariate analysis were carried out using Poisson Regression and Kruskal-Wallis Test. 547 (64.12%) are rural municipalities. The highest average of the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) was observed among urban municipalities. The highest average coverage of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) was found among rural municipalities. In these municipalities, the best results were shown for the indicators of infant mortality, premature mortality and mortality from preventable causes, vaccine homogeneity and prevalence of malnutrition. The findings of this study show that greater FHS coverage is associated with the occurrence of better general living and health conditions in the populations served in rural municipalities. It is recommended that health managers encourage the consolidation of the FHS in communities with unfavorable socioeconomic and cultural contexts, such as remote rural locations and urban agglomerations, and the establishment of intersectoral actions with a positive impact on health.

RESUMO O presente artigo tem o objetivo de avaliar indicadores sociais e de saúde de municípios conforme a tipologia rural-urbano. Trata-se de estudo ecológico que utilizou dados oficiais de acesso público dos 853 municípios do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram conduzidas análises descritivas e bivariadas através da Regressão de Poisson e Teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Do total de municípios, 547 (64,12%) são rurais. A maior média do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDH-M) foi observada entre os municípios urbanos. A maior média de cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) foi verificada entre os municípios rurais, nos quais também foram demonstrados os melhores resultados para os indicadores de mortalidades infantil, prematura e por causas evitáveis, homogeneidade vacinal e prevalência de desnutrição. Os achados deste estudo evidenciam que uma maior cobertura da ESF está associada à ocorrência de melhores condições gerais de vida e de saúde das populações atendidas em municípios de tipologia rural. Recomenda-se aos gestores de saúde o fomento à consolidação da ESF em comunidades com contextos socioeconômicos e culturais desfavoráveis, como localidades rurais remotas e aglomerados urbanos, e o estabelecimento de ações intersetoriais com impacto positivo na saúde.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar inter-relações de fatores associados a sintomas depressivos (SD) em professores, considerando a insatisfação com o trabalho docente como possível mediador. Estudo transversal utilizando dados de 700 professores da rede pública de ensino de um município brasileiro. O desfecho de interesse foi SD aferido pelo Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Foram testadas inter-relações diretas e indiretas entre o desfecho e insatisfação com o trabalho, idade, renda, estilo de vida e adiposidade. Essas variáveis compuseram modelo operacional testado por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais. A maior idade (β=0,12) e a maior insatisfação com o trabalho (β=0,12) associaram-se diretamente aos SD. Já o estilo de vida mais favorável (β=-0,60) e a adiposidade (β=-0,10), associaram-se a menor ocorrência de SD. As variáveis estilo de vida (β=-0,06) e adiposidade (β=-0,02) também apresentaram efeitos indiretos negativos nos SD, mediados pela insatisfação com o trabalho. O modelo de equação estrutural testado identificou inter-relações que influenciaram os SD. A insatisfação com o trabalho docente associou-se aos SD e mediou a relação de outros fatores sobre tais sintomas.

Abstract The objective of this article is to evaluate the interrelationships of factors associated with depressive symptoms (DS) in teachers, considering dissatisfaction with the teaching job as a possible mediator. This was a cross-sectional study using data from 700 teachers from the public school system of a Brazilian municipality. The outcome of interest was DS, as assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Direct and indirect interrelationships between the outcome and dissatisfaction with work, age, income, lifestyle and adiposity were tested. These variables composed the operational model tested by structural equation modelling. Older age (β=0.12) and greater dissatisfaction with work (β=0.12) were directly associated with DS. A more favourable lifestyle (β=-0.60) and adiposity (β=-0.10) were associated with a lower occurrence of DS. The variables lifestyle (β=-0.06) and adiposity (β=-0.02) also had negative indirect effects on DS, mediated by job dissatisfaction. The structural equation model tested identified interrelationships that influenced DS. Dissatisfaction with teaching work was associated with DS and mediated the relationship of other factors with such symptoms.

Abstract The objective of this article is to evaluate the interrelationships of factors associated with depressive symptoms (DS) in teachers, considering dissatisfaction with the teaching job as a possible mediator. This was a cross-sectional study using data from 700 teachers from the public school system of a Brazilian municipality. The outcome of interest was DS, as assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Direct and indirect interrelationships between the outcome and dissatisfaction with work, age, income, lifestyle and adiposity were tested. These variables composed the operational model tested by structural equation modelling. Older age (β=0.12) and greater dissatisfaction with work (β=0.12) were directly associated with DS. A more favourable lifestyle (β=-0.60) and adiposity (β=-0.10) were associated with a lower occurrence of DS. The variables lifestyle (β=-0.06) and adiposity (β=-0.02) also had negative indirect effects on DS, mediated by job dissatisfaction. The structural equation model tested identified interrelationships that influenced DS. Dissatisfaction with teaching work was associated with DS and mediated the relationship of other factors with such symptoms.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar inter-relações de fatores associados a sintomas depressivos (SD) em professores, considerando a insatisfação com o trabalho docente como possível mediador. Estudo transversal utilizando dados de 700 professores da rede pública de ensino de um município brasileiro. O desfecho de interesse foi SD aferido pelo Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Foram testadas inter-relações diretas e indiretas entre o desfecho e insatisfação com o trabalho, idade, renda, estilo de vida e adiposidade. Essas variáveis compuseram modelo operacional testado por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais. A maior idade (β=0,12) e a maior insatisfação com o trabalho (β=0,12) associaram-se diretamente aos SD. Já o estilo de vida mais favorável (β=-0,60) e a adiposidade (β=-0,10), associaram-se a menor ocorrência de SD. As variáveis estilo de vida (β=-0,06) e adiposidade (β=-0,02) também apresentaram efeitos indiretos negativos nos SD, mediados pela insatisfação com o trabalho. O modelo de equação estrutural testado identificou inter-relações que influenciaram os SD. A insatisfação com o trabalho docente associou-se aos SD e mediou a relação de outros fatores sobre tais sintomas.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system in the treatment of patients with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus and to compare satisfaction and its complications with hysterectomy. Methods This was a comparative cross-sectional observational study of women with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus. Sixty-two women were treated and followed up for four years. Insertion of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system was performed in Group 1, and laparoscopic hysterectomy was performed in Group 2. Results In Group 1 (n=31), 21 patients (67.7%) showed improvement in the bleeding pattern, and 11 patients (35.5%) had amenorrhea. Five patients (16.1%) remained with heavy bleeding and were considered to have experienced treatment failure. There were seven expulsions (22.6%); in five patients, bleeding remained heavy, but in two patients the bleeding returned to that of normal menstruation. No relationship was found between treatment failure and greater hysterometries (p=0.40) or greater uterine volumes (p=0.50), whereas expulsion was greater in uteri with smaller hysterometries (p=0.04). There were 13 (21%) complications, seven (53.8%) in the group that underwent insertion of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (all were device expulsions), and six (46.2%) in the surgical group, which were the most severe ones (p=0.76). Regarding satisfaction, 12 patients (38.7%) were dissatisfied with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and one (3.23%) was dissatisfied with the surgical treatment (p=0.00). Conclusion Treatment with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus was effective, and when compared with laparoscopic hysterectomy, it had a lower rate of satisfaction and the same rate of complications, although less severe.

Abstract Objective: to describe the prevalence of risk and protective factors for noncomunicable chronic diseases (NCD) and test the association of these factors with sex, age, and job satisfaction among public primary and secondary schools teachers. Methods: analytical cross-sectional study in Montes Claros, MG, Brazil, carried out in 2016. We applied the probability cluster sampling technique. We used a self-applicable questionnaire and physical evaluations. We estimated Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) using Poisson’s regression. Results: of the 745 participants, 83% were women, 81% were 49 years old or younger, and 60% were unsatisfied with work. Smoking was more prevalent among men (PR: 2.33; 95%CI: 1.13;4.81), as well as alcohol abuse (PR: 7.24; 95%CI: 2.19;23.91), overweight (PR:1.48; 95%CI: 1.04;2.13), lower prevalence of depressive symptoms (PR: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.88;0.98) and stress (PR: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.82;0.95). Older teachers had a lower prevalence of burnout (PR: 0.87; 95%CI: 0.81;0.94) and a higher prevalence of protective behaviors, despite having a greater impairment of physical health. Unsatisfied teachers showed higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (PR: 2.52; 95%CI: 1.61;3.93), stress (PR: 1.76; 95%CI: 1.33;2.32), and burnout (PR: 9.20; 95%CI: 4.46;18.99). Conclusions: smoking, alcoholism, overweight, and mental health impairment were frequent risk factors for NCD among teachers. Differences were observed in the prevalence of risk and protection factors for NCD according to sex, age, and job satisfaction.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever as prevalências de fatores de risco e de proteção para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e testar associações desses fatores com sexo, idade e satisfação com o trabalho entre professores da educação básica. Métodos: estudo transversal analítico realizado em Montes Claros, MG, Brasil, em 2016. Amostra probabilística por conglomerados. Utilizou-se questionário autoaplicável e avaliações físicas. Estimaram-se razões de prevalências (RP) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) pela Regressão de Poisson. Resultados: dos 745 participantes, 83% eram mulheres, 81% tinham até 49 anos e 60% estavam insatisfeitos com o trabalho. Houve maior prevalência de fumantes entre homens (RP: 2,33; IC95%: 1,13;4,81), bem como consumo abusivo de álcool (RP: 7,24; IC95%: 2,19;23,91), excesso de peso (RP:1,48; IC95%: 1,04;2,13), menor prevalência de sintomas depressivos (RP:0,93; IC95%: 0,88;0,98) e de estresse (RP:0,88; IC95%: 0,82;0,95). Professores mais velhos apresentaram menor prevalência de Burnout (RP:0,87; IC95%: 0,81;0,94) e maior prevalência de comportamentos de proteção, apesar de terem maior comprometimento da saúde física. Professores insatisfeitos apresentaram maior prevalência de sintomas depressivos (RP:2,52; IC95%: 1,61;3,93), estresse (RP:1,76; IC95%: 1,33;2,32) e Burnout (RP:9,20; IC95%: 4,46;18,99). Conclusões: tabagismo, etilismo, excesso de peso e comprometimento da saúde mental foram fatores de risco frequentes para DCNT entre professores. Observaram-se diferenças nas prevalências de fatores de risco e de proteção para DCNT segundo sexo, idade e satisfação com o trabalho.

Abstract This systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of physical activity on anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Three databases (PubMed; Scopus and Web of Science) were searched in the period from 2020 to 2022 the following base terms were used: “Physical Activity”, Exercise, Anxiety and COVID-19. Peer-reviewed, primary studies published in English, Portuguese and Spanish using valid and reliable measures were included. Eighteen studies met the eligibility criteria, of which 17 were cross-sectional, 2 were cohort studies. The number of participants ranged from 43 to 2,301, aged between 18 and 65 years or older. A decrease in PA practice or an increase in sitting time were associated with higher levels of anxiety symptoms. Additionally, participants who did not meet PA recommendations were more likely to experience moderate to severe anxiety symptoms. The results showed that physical activity is associated with the alleviation of anxiety symptoms during confinement in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Resumo Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo investigar o efeito da atividade física nos sintomas de ansiedade durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Foram pesquisadas três bases de dados (PubMed; Scopus e Web of Science) no período de 2020 a 2022 foram utilizados os seguintes termos base: “Physical Activity”, Exercise, Anxiety e COVID-19. Foram incluídos estudos primários, revisados por pares, publicados em inglês, português e espanhol usando medidas válidas e confiáveis. Dezoito estudos preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade, sendo 17 transversais, 2 estudos de coorte. O número de participantes variou de 43 a 2.301, com idade entre 18 e 65 anos ou mais. Uma diminuição na prática de AF ou um aumento no tempo sentado foram associados a níveis mais elevados de sintomas de ansiedade. Além disso, os participantes que não atendiam às recomendações de AF eram mais propensos a apresentar sintomas de ansiedade moderados a graves. Os resultados mostraram que a atividade física está associada ao alívio dos sintomas de ansiedade durante o confinamento na pandemia de COVID-19.

ABSTRACT. Investigation of the association between physical frailty and cognitive performance through spatial navigation is important to enable the identification of individuals with cognitive impairment and physical comorbidity. Objective: To analyze the association between spatial navigation and frailty in frail and pre-frail institutionalized older adults. Methods: Forty older people of both sexes, aged 60 years or over, residing in four Brazilian Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCFs) participated in this study. The following tests were applied: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 2.44m Timed Up and Go, Floor Maze Test (FMT), and Fried's frailty criteria. For data analysis, the Mann-Whitney and independent t-tests were used to compare the groups (frail x pre-frail), principal component analysis was used to explore the main variables related to the data variance, and binary logistic regression to estimate associations. Results: There was a significant difference in performance in the FMT immediate maze time (IMT) (p=0.02) and in the delayed maze time (DMT) (p=0.009) between the pre-frail and frail older adults. An association between FMT DMT performance and frailty was found, showing that older people with shorter times on the DMT (better performance) had approximately four times the chance of not being frail (odds ratio – OR=4.219, 95% confidence interval – 95%CI 1.084–16.426, p=0.038). Conclusion: Frailty is associated with impaired spatial navigation ability in institutionalized older adults, regardless of gait speed performance.

RESUMO. A investigação da associação entre fragilidade física e desempenho cognitivo por meio da navegação espacial é importante para possibilitar a identificação de indivíduos com déficit cognitivo e comorbidade física. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre navegação espacial e fragilidade em idosos institucionalizados frágeis e pré-frágeis. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo 40 idosos de ambos os sexos, com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, residentes em quatro instituições de longa permanência (ILPI) brasileiras. Foram aplicados os seguintes testes: Miniexame do Estado Mental (MEEM), 2,44m Timed Up and Go, Floor Maze Test (FMT) e os critérios de fragilidade de Fried. Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizados os testes t independente e de Mann-Whitney para comparar os grupos (frágeis x pré-frágeis), foi feita análise de componentes principais para explorar as principais variáveis relacionadas à variância dos dados e regressão logística binária para estimar associações. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa no desempenho do FMT no tempo imediato do labirinto (TIL) (p=0,02) e no tempo posterior do labirinto (TPL) (p=0,009) entre os idosos pré-frágeis e frágeis. Encontrou-se associação entre o desempenho no FMT TPL e fragilidade, mostrando que idosos com menor tempo de TPL (melhor desempenho) tiveram aproximadamente quatro vezes mais chance de não serem frágeis (odds ratio – OR=4,219, intervalo de confiança de 95% – IC95% 1,084–16,426, p=0,038). Conclusão: A fragilidade está associada à habilidade de navegação espacial prejudicada em idosos institucionalizados, independentemente do desempenho da velocidade da marcha.

RESUMO Objetivo Determinar o nível de associação entre sintomas depressivos e habilidades cognitivas de idosos institucionalizados. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal que envolveu 69 idosos residentes em uma instituição de longa permanência. A investigação dos sintomas depressivos em todos os indivíduos foi realizada por meio da escala de depressão geriátrica. Os testes cognitivos de fluência verbal, digit span forward (DSF) e backward (DSB)e os testes físicos de marcha estacionária de dois minutos, de sentar e levantar e o teste de caminhada de seis minutos foram realizados para avaliar sua associação com sintomas depressivos. Resultados Sintomas depressivos foram identificados em 35 indivíduos. Baixos desempenhos cognitivo e físico foram associados à presença de sintomas depressivos – Miniexame do Estado Mental [t (61) = 2,36; p < 0,05] e Teste de marcha estacionária de dois minutos [t (53) = 3,12; p < 0,05]. A memória de curto prazo e os testes de memória operacional mostraram piores resultados em indivíduos com sintomas depressivos (DSF: U = 402,00; p < 0,05 e DSB: U = 341,00; p < 0,05). Idosos com escores abaixo do normal no DSF tiveram 5 vezes mais chance de apresentar sintomas depressivos. Conclusão Destaca-se a importância de estratégias de intervenção físicas, cognitivas e sociais em instituições de longa permanência para idosos, a fim de privilegiar a autonomia. Notavelmente, apresenta-se uma associação entre déficit na capacidade de memória de curto prazo e a presença de sintomas depressivos em adultos mais velhos. Sugerem-se, então, estudos prospectivos que investiguem a relação de causa-efeito dessa associação com a institucionalização de idosos.

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the level of association between depressive symptoms and cognitive abilities of institutionalized older adults. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that enrolled 69 older adults, living in a long-term care facility. Investigation of depressive symptoms in all individuals was performed using the geriatric depression scale. Cognitive verbal fluency, digit span forward (DSF) and backward (DSB) tests, and two-minute stationary gait, sit-to-stand test, and six-minute walk test were performed to assess their association with depressive symptoms. Results Depressive symptoms were identified in 35 individuals. Worse cognition and physical performances were associated with the presence of depressive symptoms – Mini-Mental State Examination [t (61) = 2.36; p < 0.05] and Stationary gait test of two minutes [t (53) = 3.12; p < 0.05]. Short-term memory and working memory tests presented worse results in individuals with depressive symptoms (DSF: U = 402.00; p < 0.05 e DSB: U = 341,00; p < 0.05). Older adults with scores below normal in DSF were 5 times more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms. Conclusion The importance of physical, cognitive and social intervention strategies in long-term care facilities for the older adults is highlighted, in order to privilege autonomy. Notably, there is an association between deficits in short-term memory and the presence of depressive symptoms in older adults. Therefore, prospective studies are suggested to investigate the cause-effect relationship of this association with the institutionalization of older adults.

Resumo O trombo mural aórtico primário é definido como um trombo aderido à parede aórtica na ausência de doença aterosclerótica e/ou aneurismática ou de fonte cardíaca de êmbolo. Trata-se de uma doença rara, porém causadora de alta morbimortalidade, e não há consenso acerca do seu tratamento. Este estudo objetivou revisar as possibilidades na presença de componente móvel. A terapia endovascular e a cirurgia aberta parecem ser as melhores opções, sendo a abordagem endovascular o tratamento de escolha para pacientes com anatomia favorável e a cirurgia aberta o tratamento de escolha para pacientes com anatomia desfavorável. No entanto, a anticoagulação sistêmica apresenta-se como método não invasivo para pacientes com alto risco cirúrgico e como possibilidade terapêutica na falha ou indisponibilidade de abordagem cirúrgica.

Abstract A primary aortic mural thrombus (PAMT) is defined as a thrombus attached to the aortic wall in the absence of any atherosclerotic or aneurysmal disease of the aorta or any cardiac source of embolus. It is a rare entity that has high morbidity and mortality. There is no consensus on the ideal treatment of PAMT. The objective of this paper is to review the possibilities for treatment of mobile abdominal aortic mural thrombus. Endovascular therapy and open surgery appear to be the best options for treatment of mobile abdominal aortic mural thrombus. Thus, in patients with favorable anatomy, endovascular therapy is probably the treatment choice, while in those with unfavorable anatomy, open surgery is probably the best option for treatment of a mobile abdominal aortic thrombus. It is important to emphasize that anticoagulation alone can be used as a non-aggressive option and, if this fails, endovascular or surgical methods can then be employed.

RESUMO A institucionalização tem sido associada ao isolamento social, a alterações psicológicas e cognitivas e à diminuição dos níveis de atividade física em idosos. Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência de demência, declínio cognitivo leve (DCL) e dependência funcional em idosos residentes em duas instituições de longa permanência (ILPI) brasileiras. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 185 idosos de ambos os sexos, com 60 anos ou mais, residentes em duas ILPI. O diagnóstico de DCL e demência foi realizado por meio do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais. Resultados: As taxas de prevalência de demência, DCL e dependência funcional em participantes idosos institucionalizados foram 62,3, 15,1 e 78,9%, respectivamente. Houve redução significativa dos escores do miniexame do estado mental de acordo com o aumento do período de institucionalização nas ILPI e a idade dos idosos (p<0,001). Conclusões: A prevalência de demência e dependência funcional de idosos residentes em ILPI foi mais elevada em comparação com outras populações idosas em todo o mundo. Um período maior de institucionalização está relacionado a maior declínio cognitivo.

ABSTRACT Institutionalization has been associated with social isolation, psychological and cognitive changes, and decreased levels of physical activity in older adults. Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and functional dependence in older adults dwelling in two different Brazilian long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 185 older people of both sexes, aged 60 years or over, residing in two LTCFs in the city of Montes Claros-MG, Brazil. The diagnosis of MCI and dementia was performed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Results: Prevalence rates of dementia, MCI, and functional dependence in institutionalized older participants were 62.3, 15.1, and 78.9%, respectively. There was a significant reduction of the Mini-Mental State Examination scores according to the increase of the institutionalization period in LCTFs and the age of older adults (p<0.001). Conclusions: Prevalence of dementia and functional dependence of older adults residing in LTCFs exhibited higher rates compared to the other older population worldwide. A higher institutionalization period is related to a greater cognitive decline.

Resumen El uso del fuego por los productores agrícolas es una práctica común que ha sido utilizada desde tiempos inmemoriales en la mayoría de los países del mundo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue: a) diagnosticar los usos tradicionales del fuego en la Parroquia Ayacucho, Cantón Santa Ana, provincia Manabi, Ecuador, b) verificar la percepción de los agricultores sobre los beneficios y efectos negativos del fuego, c) identificar las medidas de prevención para usar el fuego y como proceden cuando tienen que combatir un fuego no deseado, y d) precisar su participación en capacitaciones sobre uso del fuego e incendios forestales. Las informaciones que forman el diagnostico se obtuvieron aplicando una encuesta semi-estructurada con preguntas abiertas y cerradas a 150 productores rurales de febrero a mayo de 2019. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 22.0). Los resultados muestran que el uso del fuego en la localidad es común, quemándose en fechas específicas todos los anos, aunque noviembre fue el mes mencionado con mayor frecuencia, siendo el área quemada promedio de 1,30 ha. La finalidad más importante del uso del fuego en la localidad es la limpieza de terreno para sembrar o plantar. La prueba de X2 demostró que no existe asociación estadísticamente significativa entre variables que describen las características de los productores y las del uso del fuego. El trabajo permitió obtener información importante y relevante sobre el uso del fuego en la Parroquia Ayacucho, las cuales podrán ser utilizadas por los decisores de las actividades de manejo del fuego.

Abstract The use of fire by agricultural producers is a common practice that has been used since immemorial times in most countries of the world. The objective of this work was: a) to diagnose the traditional uses of fire in the Ayacucho Parish, Santa Ana Canton, Manabi province, Ecuador, b) to verify the farmers perception about the benefits and negative effects of fire, c) to identify prevention measures to use fire and how they proceed when they have to fight an unwanted fire, and d) specify their participation in training sessions on the use of fire and forest fires. The information that forms the diagnosis was obtained by applying a semi-structured survey with open and closed questions to 150 rural producers from February to May 2019. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 22.0). The results showed that the use of fire in the community is common, burning on specific dates every year, although November was the month most frequently mentioned, the average burned area being 1.30 ha. The most important purpose of using fire in the locality is cleaning the land for sowing or planting. The X2 test showed that there is no statistically significant association between variables that describe the characteristics of the producers and those of the use of fire. The work allowed obtaining important and relevant information on the use of fire in the Ayacucho Parish, which may be used by decision-makers of fire management activities.

Abstract The Direct Strength Method (DSM) is a well-known formulation presented in the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 14762:2010, that estimates the strength capacity of cold-formed steel (CFS) members. However, this formulation requires the elastic critical buckling loads as point of departure, regarding local (L), distortional (D) and global (G) modes, which can be obtained by (i) elastic buckling analysis or (ii) available direct equations. The present study is dedicated to the development of a computer program, FStr Computer Application, with graphical user interface (GUI), in order to make the buckling analysis easier and approachable for both research activities and engineering design of thin-walled structures with arbitrary cross-sections (sections combining closed cells with open branches). The proposed application uses the Finite Strip Method (FSM), mainly focused on a simple and accessible GUI, which was implemented in the MATLAB App Designer. Validation of the FStr was performed with the help of examples of open and closed cross-sections and comparison with the results of acknowledged computer programs, such as CUFSM and GBTul, based respectively on FSM and GBT (Generalized Beam Theory), as well as analytical procedures for the case of the global buckling modes. Both, the critical buckling loads expressed by the computed signature curve and the correspondent critical buckling modes are compared, confirming the adequate performance of the proposed computational tool. As future research, the authors plan updates for the FStr Computer Application, including the computation of the buckling modal participation and the automatic strength predictions, based on the DSM-based design prescriptions.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the connective tissue where the vasculopathy happens initially and persist during all the disease. The immune component starts since the inflammatory process triggers off but he diminishes until you dwell on the evolutionary course and it is substituted for fibrosis, this ends pathogenic acquires great significance in the process. The index of activity reveals a critical period of the disease. Objective: Evaluating patients' clinical evolution of the index of activity with systemic sclerosis with the applied therapeutics. Methods: The study was quasi-experiences (or secondary prevention). In order to determine if the therapeutic applied scheme decreases symptomatology of its systemic activity. You started in March of the 2013 to March of the 2016, with duration of 24 months. They were 31 patients that split into two groups according to the clinical stages obtained of Comprehensive Development Index. In the group to (clinical stages I and II) 16 patients and in the group B (clinical stages III and IV) 15 patients. The evolution evaluated according to variables of the instrument of evaluation the start, to the six and 12 months itself of once the therapeutic scheme was applied. The T utilized the proof itself, or exact Fisher's proof when moral values were all the same or minor to three, the statistical significance determined in p≥ 0.05 itself. The calculation of the stocking, percentage analysis, and Wilcoxon's proof to know the relation of variables through the time. Results: The therapeutic applied scheme, previous validation, you improved the index of activity of the patients of both groups A and B that is in clinical premature and overdue stages. In the activity moderated for the group A statistical significance for system microvascular (0.023) and respiratory (0.025) to the six months, and to the 12 months’ skin (0.023) and microvascular (0.006). For the intense activity significant improvement to the six months for muscleskelettic (0.005) and rheumatoid positive factor (0.008), to the 12 months’ significant improvement for muscleskelettic (0.004); and examine of laboratory like erythrocyte sedimentation rate (0.008) circulating immune complexes (0.005), and rheumatoid factor (0.003). For the group B in the moderate activity significant improvement for respiratory system existed (0.014), and cardiovascular (0.020) that kept to the 12 months, added up its digestive system (0.008). Evident level improvement of skin (0.004), circulating immune complexes (0.008) and rheumatoid factor were caught up within the intense activity to the 12 months (0.014). Conclusions: Improvement in the index of activity of patients with systemic sclerosis, with the therapeutic scheme applied, with clinical stability and humoral from initial stages of the disease was caught up with.

RESUMEN Introducción: La esclerosis sistémica es una enfermedad autoinmune del tejido conectivo donde ocurre inicialmente la vasculopatía y persiste durante toda la enfermedad. El índice de actividad revela un periodo crítico de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Evaluar la evolución clínica del índice de actividad de pacientes con esclerosis sistémica para determinar si el esquema terapéutico aplicado disminuye los síntomas de actividad sistémica. Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental terapéutico de 31 pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Lucía Íñiguez Landín de Holguín que se dividieron en dos grupos según las etapas clínicas obtenidas del índice de desarrollo integral desde marzo del 2013 hasta marzo del 2016: el grupo A (etapas clínicas I y II) con 16 pacientes y el grupo B (etapas clínicas III y IV) con 15 pacientes. La evolución se evaluó según variables del instrumento al inicio, a los 6 y 12 meses de aplicado el esquema terapéutico. Se utilizó la prueba T o la prueba exacta de Fisher cuando los valores eran igual a 3 o menores. El cálculo de la media, análisis porcentual y la prueba de Wilcoxon se usaron para conocer la relación de variables en el tiempo. Resultados: El esquema terapéutico aplicado, previa validación, mejoró el índice de actividad de los pacientes de ambos grupos A y B (en etapas clínicas tempranas y tardías). Al evaluar el índice de actividad, en esta serie predominó la actividad moderada, tanto a los 6 como a los 12 meses durante el tratamiento médico. En ambos grupos la mejoría del índice de actividad fue significativa, tanto para la actividad moderada como para la intensa, más notable a partir de los 12 meses con p≤0,05 para el grupo A. Hubo baja susceptibilidad para la mejoría de los sistemas gastrointestinal y respiratorio, en el trascurso de la evaluación de este índice. Conclusiones: Se alcanzó mejoría en el índice de actividad de pacientes con esclerosis sistémica, con el esquema terapéutico aplicado, con estabilidad clínica y humoral desde las etapas iniciales de la enfermedad.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To determine the cutoff point of the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 to detect poor quality of life in the elderly in Primary Health Care. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Primary Health Care units of Ceilândia (DF, Brasil) between September 2019 and January 2020. Four hundred and fifty-eight individuals were included in the study and answered the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 (IVCF-20) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life – WHOQOL-BREF (validated to access quality of life) instruments. Based on the WHOQOL-BREF answers, three subgroups were created: poor, good and undetermined quality of life. The receiver operating characteristic curve (using Youden index) showed the IVCF-20 cutoff point to detect poor quality of life (in individuals with good quality of life as the Control Group), and therefore diagnostic tests were performed. RESULTS: The IVCF-20 cutoff point to detect poor quality of life was ≥11. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.97 (95%CI 0.95–0.98). The IVCF-20 diagnostic tests showed good sensitivity (88.1%) and specificity (84.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The IVCF-20 ≥11 detected poor quality of life adequately in the elderly in Primary Health Care. These data suggest that elderly individuals with IVCF ≥11 should attend appointments more often in Primary Health Care or geriatrics collaborative care, considering the impact that quality of life can have on the elderly population’s mortality.