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Infrared quantification of binary rubber blends with overlapping bands
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BARROS, ALEXANDRA HELENA DE

; MURAKAMI, LIDIA M.S.

; MAGALHÃES, RACHEL F.

; TAKEMATSU, MARCIA M.

; DINIZ, MILTON F.

; SANCHES, NATÁLIA B.

; DUTRA, JORGE CARLOS N.

; DUTRA, RITA DE CÁSSIA L.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 1 elocation e20220289

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Quantification of elastomer content for the ethylene-propylene diene monomer/polybutadiene blend are seldom subjects in the literature, mainly due to rubber compatibility problems. However, suitable blend contents can lead to desirable properties. Infrared spectroscopy can quantify this type of blend even if some bands overlap, which can be resolved with the proper choice of spectrum obtaining mode and non-overlapping analytical bands. This study evaluates the ethylene-propylene diene monomer/polybutadiene blend quantification by transmission, reflection and transflectance infrared. Even though all of the methodologies showed satisfactory results, transmission mode provided better accuracy. The methodology is simple and suited for the rubber industry. The sample with the higher BR content provided the best result. The band at 743 cm-1 is weak and results in even weaker absorptions when measuring samples with low BR content. On the other hand, the developed methodologies provided an accurate determination of low EPDM contents. For infrared spectroscopy researchers, these results not only encourage using different spectra obtaining modes application, including less conventional ones such as transflectance in the near infrared region for quantitative determination, it also contributes to a wide discussion of errors in the developed methodologies, which are also seldom discussed in publications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220289

Infrared reflectance techniques applied to silica particles diameter determination - theoretical and experimental data
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MAGALHÃES, RACHEL F.

; BARROS, ALEXANDRA H. DE

; TAKEMATSU, MARCIA M.

; PASSERO, ALAN

; DINIZ, MILTON F.

; SCIAMARELI, JAIRO

; DUTRA, RITA C.L.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 N. 3 elocation e20210545

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Silica is a versatile material employed in different applications fields including aerospace, especially for rocket engines thermal protections. It is known that particles diameter causes variations in the material properties, and the best-known methods for diameter determination in general consist of several steps in sample preparation such as drying, sieving and the determination of the refractive index according different methods. On the other hand, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques (FT-IR), in reflectance mode, related to the particle size, are less used for this type of determination. Moreover, methodologies in the near infrared region (NIR) are even less explored. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present a FTIR methodology for diffuse reflectance (DRIFT) in the middle infrared region (MIR) and reflectance analysis in near infrared region (NIRA) for the determination of the particle diameter on silica samples. Both methodologies showed good results. As proven by a test sample analysis, NIRA methodology indicated better precision. Furthermore, considering small and intermediated particle sizes, a tendency towards smaller errors for the absorbance measurements of the samples was found, consistently with the available literature results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210545

Determination of Polychloroprene Content in Rubber Blend Containing Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer by Infrared Techniques
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Rigoli, Paulo Santos

; Barros, Alexandra Helena de

; Magalhães, Rachel Farias

; Murakami, Lidia Mattos Silva

; Carrara, Alexandre Estevão

; Dutra, Jorge Carlos Narciso

; Mattos, Elizabeth da Costa

; Dutra, Rita de Cássia Lazzarini

Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management

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2021, Volume 13 elocation e0821

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber is used as flexible thermal protection for rocket engines, as well as in blends with polychloroprene, which can be applied in the aeronautical sector, and with great potential in the defense sector. However, there is not a considerable number of studies considering both polymers as a blend. In general, elastomer content quantification in blends is done by more complex instrumental methods. When performed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, the conventional transmission mode is used, usually without including the developed methodology error. Therefore, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) methodology is proposed using the universal attenuated total reflection mode, with sample treatment (pyrolysis) to determine polychloroprene content in the mixture with ethylene propylene diene monomer. In accordance with the infrared spectrometer precision limits and rubber blends studies data found in the literature, the methodology error analysis shows a value close to 2%. In addition, it has the advantage of being a less complex methodology. This actual study uses a simple FT-IR analytical tool, scarce, especially for the rubber research community, to determine the content of rubber minor phase within the major phase. It is valuable in weapons reverse engineering, aiming at the knowledge of new thermal protections.

https://doi.org/10.1590/jatm.v13.1197 280 downloads

Epidemiology of canine visceral leishmaniasis in a vulnerable region in Brazil
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Silva, Douglas Aparecido da

; Bonatto, Natália Camila Minucci

; Venturin, Gabriela Lovizutto

; Melo, Larissa Martins

; Oliveira, Paula Lima de

; Costa, Letícia Ramos

; Bosculo, Maria Rachel Melo

; Barros, Luiz Daniel de

; Lima, Valéria Marçal Felix de

; Almeida, Breno Fernando Martins de

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2021, Volume 30 N. 3 elocation e009921

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A leishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma zoonose negligenciada e endêmica presente em todas as regiões do Brasil, mas mesmo assim poucos estudos têm objetivado a detecção inicial da doença. O município de Ourinhos - SP é uma área não receptiva, silenciosa e vulnerável à LV, não havendo até o momento estudos que tenham investigado a soroprevalência no município. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo objetivou determinar a soroprevalência da LV canina em Ourinhos-SP, bem como associar a presença de fatores de risco. Amostras sanguíneas de 604 cães foram obtidas juntamente com a aplicação de questionário socioeconômico, características ambientais e dos animais e conhecimento sobre a doença. As amostras foram submetidas à sorologia por ELISA e novas amostras coletadas de cães reagentes ou suspeitos foram analisadas por método parasitológico direto, hemograma e PCR. Nenhum animal foi considerado positivo na combinação de testes direto e indireto, e as respostas dos tutores indicaram pouco conhecimento sobre a leishmaniose, sendo muitas vezes confundida com outras doenças transmitidas por artrópodes. Dessa forma, de acordo com os métodos propostos, a presença de leishmaniose canina, na cidade de Ourinhos, não foi confirmada. Por isso campanhas de educação em saúde sobre a doença deveriam ser realizadas.

Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected and endemic zoonosis that occurs throughout Brazil; nevertheless, few studies have focused on the early detection of the disease. The municipality of Ourinhos is a non-receptive, silent and vulnerable area for VL, where the seroprevalence of this disease has so far not been investigated. The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of canine VL in Ourinhos-SP, and to identify the presence of risk factors. Blood samples were obtained from 604 dogs during a rabies vaccination campaign together with application of a socioeconomic questionnaire, environmental and animal characteristics and tutor's knowledge about the disease. The samples were subjected to indirect ELISA and new samples were collected from reactive and suspect animals, including whole blood and lymph node aspiration evaluated by parasitological method, complete blood count and PCR. No animal was diagnosed as positive based on the combination of direct and indirect tests and the tutors' answers indicated little knowledge about leishmaniasis, being often confused with other diseases transmitted by arthropods; hence, according to the proposed methods, the presence of canine leishmaniasis in the city of Ourinhos was not confirmed and health education campaigns about the disease should be carried out.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612021075 109 downloads

Factors associated with current tobacco use among adolescents and young students
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Cunha, Samara Barreto

; Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato de

; Oliveira, Jéssica Vanessa Barros de

; Mola, Rachel

; Pitangui, Ana Carolina Rodarti

Jornal de Pediatria

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aug 2020, Volume 96 N. 4 Pages 447 - 455

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência de uso atual do tabaco e sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentos de risco entre adolescentes e jovens escolares, segundo o sexo. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por estudantes da rede estadual entre 12 e 24 anos, que responderam a versão brasileira do questionário Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Os dados foram analisados no SPSS (versão 20.0), por meio da Regressão de Poisson para avaliar a Razão de Prevalência (RP) das variáveis independentes em relação ao desfecho. Foi adotado p < 0,05. Resultados: A análise final foi composta por 1.275 adolescentes, dos quais 716 (56,2%) eram meninas e 559 (43,8%) meninos. A prevalência de consumo atual do tabaco foi de 6,6% entre as meninas e 9,7% entre os meninos. No sexo feminino, consumir álcool nos últimos 30 dias (3,91 [1,54-9,94]) e ter 14 anos ou menos (0,50 [0,26-0,96]) influenciaram o uso atual de tabaco. No sexo masculino, o uso de tabaco nos últimos 30 dias foi influenciado pelo consumo atual de álcool (2,92 [1,21-7,08]) e envolvimento em luta corporal nos últimos 12 meses (2,32 [1,32-4,09]). Conclusão: Embora a prevalência de consumo atual do tabaco tenha sido baixa em ambos os sexos, a população estudada ainda exibe risco, pois o envolvimento em luta corporal no sexo masculino e o consumo atual de álcool em ambos os sexos aumentaram a probabilidade da população se envolver com uso atual do tabaco.

Abstract Objectives: To determine the prevalence of current tobacco use and its association with sociodemographic factors and risk behaviors among adolescents and young students, according to gender. Methods: The sample consisted of students from the state public school network aged between 12 and 24 years, who answered the Brazilian version of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (v. 20.0), using Poisson regression to evaluate the prevalence ratio (PR) of the independent variables in relation to the outcome. p < 0.05 was established as the significance level. Results: The final analysis consisted of 1275 adolescents, of whom 716 (56.2%) were girls and 559 (43.8%) were boys. The prevalence of current tobacco use was 6.6% among girls and 9.7% among boys. In females, consuming alcohol in the last 30 days (3.91 [1.54-9.94]) and being 14 years old or younger (0.50 [0.26-0.96]) influenced current tobacco use. In the male gender, tobacco use in the last 30 days was influenced by current alcohol consumption (2.92 [1.21-7.08]) and involvement in physical fighting in the last 12 months (2.32 [1.32-4.09]). Conclusion: Although the prevalence of current tobacco use was low in both genders, the assessed population still presents a risk, since male involvement in physical fighting and current consumption of alcohol in both genders increased the probability of this population becoming regular tobacco users.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2019.01.002 544 downloads

Desigualdades raciais e a morte como horizonte: considerações sobre a COVID-19 e o racismo estrutural
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Oliveira, Roberta Gondim de

; Cunha, Ana Paula da

; Gadelha, Ana Giselle dos Santos

; Carpio, Christiane Goulart

; Oliveira, Rachel Barros de

; Corrêa, Roseane Maria

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2020, Volume 36 N. 9 elocation e00150120

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

A incidência e mortalidade por COVID-19 em países com fortes desigualdades sociais se diferenciam em termos populacionais. Em países com histórico e tradição colonial como o Brasil, os marcadores sociais das diferenças têm profunda ancoragem na demarcação racial, sobre a qual agem as dinâmicas e os processos político-sociais fundados no racismo estrutural. Contrapõe-se a narrativas que propõem uma leitura sobre ser esta uma pandemia democrática, cujo argumento se alinha à retórica da democracia racial que corresponde a uma potente estratégia de manutenção do lugar de populações racializadas, como indígenas e negros, uma produção da colonialidade moderna. Este ensaio debruça sobre o comportamento da pandemia em relação à população negra no Brasil, em diálogo com aportes decoloniais e de leituras críticas sobre o racismo. Discutem-se respostas governamentais e indicadores da doença, segundo o quesito raça/cor, demonstrando a manutenção de tramas e enredos históricos que seguem vulnerabilizando e inviabilizando vidas negras. Aponta-se também para a importância de movimentos de resistência locais, operados a partir do lugar que esses sujeitos ocupam, os espaços urbanos precarizados por ação/omissão do Estado - as favelas.

COVID-19 incidence and mortality in countries with heavy social inequalities differ in population terms. In countries like Brazil with colonial histories and traditions, the social markers of differences are heavily anchored in social and racial demarcation, and the political and social dynamics and processes based on structural racism act on this demarcation. The pandemic’s actual profile in Brazil clashes with narratives according to which COVID-19 is a democratic pandemic, an argument aligned with the rhetoric of racial democracy that represents a powerful strategy aimed at maintaining the subaltern place of racialized populations such as indigenous peoples and blacks, as a product of modern coloniality. This essay focuses on the pandemic’s profile in the Brazilian black population, in dialogue with decolonial contributions and critical readings of racism. The authors discuss government responses and COVID-19 indicators according to race/color, demonstrating the maintenance of historical storylines that continue to threaten black lives. The article also discusses the importance of local resistance movements, organized in the favelas, precarious urban spaces underserved by the State and occupied by black Brazilians.

La incidencia y mortalidad por COVID-19 en países con fuertes desigualdades sociales se diferencian en términos poblacional. En países con historial y tradición colonial, como Brasil, los marcadores sociales de las diferencias están profundamente anclados en la demarcación sociorracial, sobre la que actúan las dinámicas y los procesos político-sociales fundamentados en el racismo estructural. Se contraponen las narraciones que proponen una lectura sobre esta pandemia democrática, cuyo argumento se alinea con la retórica de la democracia racial, que corresponde a una potente estrategia de mantenimiento del lugar de poblaciones racializadas, como indígenas y negros, producto del colonialismo moderno. Este ensayo se centra sobre el comportamiento de la pandemia respecto a la población negra en Brasil, en diálogo con aportes decoloniales y lecturas críticas sobre el racismo. Se discuten respuestas gubernamentales e indicadores de la enfermedad, según la categoría raza/color, demostrando el mantenimiento de entramados y enredos históricos que siguen vulnerabilizando e inviabilizando vidas negras. Se apunta también la importancia de movimientos de resistencia locales, operados a partir del lugar que estos individuos ocupan, espacios urbanos precarizados por acción/omisión del Estado: las favelas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00150120

Desigualdades raciais e a morte como horizonte: considerações sobre a COVID-19 e o racismo estrutural
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Oliveira, Roberta Gondim de

; Cunha, Ana Paula da

; Gadelha, Ana Giselle dos Santos

; Carpio, Christiane Goulart

; Oliveira, Rachel Barros de

; Corrêa, Roseane Maria

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2020, Volume 36 N. 9 elocation e00150120

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00150120 7216 downloads

Movimentos sociais em luta contra o racismo de Estado e pela vida: contribuições ao debate sobre saúde
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Barros, Rachel

; Bonatto, Maria Paula

; Ferreira, Mariana

; Marinho, Glaucia

; Oliveira, Patrícia

Saúde em Debate

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2019, Volume 43 N. spe8 Pages 324 - 337

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O texto é um registro da mesa-redonda organizada para o Congresso Brasileiro de Saúde Coletiva, que ocorreu na Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (RJ), em 2018, trazendo experiências e reflexões de três mulheres negras, importantes lideranças dos movimentos sociais contra o racismo e a violência de Estado. O tema girou em torno do cuidado em saúde envolvendo os familiares de vítimas de violências de Estado e os desafios para alcançar a integralidade e a equidade no acesso aos serviços públicos de saúde em face do racismo cotidiano vivenciado pela população negra e favelada, alvo dessa violência. Procurou-se sensibilizar, ao trazer narrativas sobre episódios de racismo no interior do sistema de saúde, para a importância da inclusão dessa problemática na formação dos profissionais de saúde.

ABSTRACT The text is a record of the round table that took place at the National Congress of Collective Health in Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz/RJ) in 2018, bringing the experiences and reflections of three black women, who are important leaders of social movements against racism and state violence. The theme addressed health care involving relatives of victims of police violence and the challenges to achieve comprehensiveness and equity in the access to public health services in face of the daily racism experienced by black people and slums populations, who are the targets of such violence. By bringing these narratives about episodes of racism within the health system, we seek to raise awareness regarding the importance of including this issue in the education of health professionals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042019s823

Movimentos sociais em luta contra o racismo de Estado e pela vida: contribuições ao debate sobre saúde
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Barros, Rachel

; Bonatto, Maria Paula

; Ferreira, Mariana

; Marinho, Glaucia

; Oliveira, Patrícia

Saúde em Debate

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2019, Volume 43 N. spe8 Pages 324 - 337

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042019s823 825 downloads

10.

What do Cochrane systematic reviews say about new practices on integrative medicine?
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Riera, Rachel

; Braga, Vinícius Lopes

; Rocha, Luana Pompeu dos Santos

; Bernardo, Daniel Damasceno

; Andrade, Luísa Avelar Fernandes de

; Hsu, Jessica Chiu

; Silva, Luciana Di Giovanni Marques da

; Suetsugu, Rodrigo Cesar de Sá

; Dittrich, Nicole Hosni

; Lima, Lucas Riguete Pereira de

; Silveira, Vicente Penido da

; Kruglensky, Barbara Caon

; Leonel, Letícia de Freitas

; Barros, Edivando de Moura

; Costa, Anderson Adriano Leal Freitas da

; Quintella, Miguel Lins

; Pacheco, Rafael Leite

; Cruz, Carolina de Oliveira

; Martimbianco, Ana Luiza Cabrera

; Pachito, Daniela Vianna

; Mozetic, Vania

; Teixeira, Tatiana de Bruyn Ferraz

; Torloni, Maria Regina

; Atallah, Alvaro Nagib

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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may 2018, Volume 136 N. 3 Pages 251 - 261

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study identified and summarized all Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs) on the effects of ten integrative practices that were recently added to the Brazilian public healthcare system (SUS). DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of systematic reviews, conducted in the Discipline of Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). METHODS: Review of Cochrane SRs on the following interventions were identified, summarized and critically assessed: apitherapy, aromatherapy, bioenergetics, family constellation, flower therapy, chromotherapy, geotherapy, hypnotherapy, hand imposition or ozone therapy. RESULTS: We included a total of 16 SRs: 4 on apitherapy, 4 on aromatherapy, 6 on hypnotherapy and 2 on ozone therapy. No Cochrane SR was found regarding bioenergetics, family constellation, chromotherapy, clay therapy, flower therapy or hand imposition. The only high-quality evidence was in relation to the potential benefit of apitherapy, specifically regarding some benefits from honey dressings for partial healing of burn wounds, for reduction of coughing among children with acute coughs and for preventing allergic reactions to insect stings. CONCLUSION: Except for some specific uses of apitherapy (honey for burn wounds and for acute coughs and bee venom for allergic reactions to insect stings), the use of ten integrative practices that have recently been incorporated into SUS does not seem to be supported by evidence from Cochrane SRs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0172170418 2326 downloads

11.

Fatores preditores de óbito em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: contribuição para a abordagem paliativista
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Gulini, Juliana El Hage Meyer de Barros

; Nascimento, Eliane Regina Pereira do

; Moritz, Rachel Duarte

; Vargas, Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira

; Matte, Darlan Laurício

; Cabral, Rafael Pigozzi

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2018, Volume 52 elocation e03342

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar preditores de óbito na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e relacionar pacientes elegíveis para cuidados paliativos preferenciais. Método Coorte prospectivo que avaliou pacientes internados por mais de 24 horas, subdivididos em G1 (pacientes que morreram) e G2 (pacientes com alta hospitalar). Para a identificação dos fatores preditores para o desfecho óbito, foi feita ao médico intensivista a “pergunta-surpresa” e foram coletados dados clínico-demográficos dos pacientes. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva/inferencial (significante p<0,05). Resultados Foram avaliados 170 pacientes. A resposta negativa à “pergunta-surpresa” foi relacionada ao desfecho óbito. Houve maior possibilidade de óbito (p<0,05) entre os pacientes mais velhos, mais frágeis, com menor funcionalidade, com insuficiências cardíaca e/ou renal crônicas ou insulto neurológico agudo não traumático, com falência multiorgânica por mais de 5 dias, internados por mais tempo. Conclusão Preditores de óbito foram relacionados à avaliação subjetiva do médico, à condição clínica do paciente, às doenças de base, à gravidade da doença aguda e à evolução da doença crítica. Sugere-se que pacientes com dois ou mais critérios preditores recebam cuidados paliativos preferenciais.

ABSTRACT Objective To identify predictors of death in the Intensive Care Unit and relate eligible patients to preferential palliative care. Method A prospective cohort study that evaluated patients hospitalized for more than 24 hours, subdivided into G1 (patients who died) and G2 (patients who were discharged from hospital). For identifying the predictors for death outcome, the intensivist physician was asked the “surprise question” and clinical-demographic data were collected from the patients. Data were analyzed by descriptive/inferential statistics (p<0.05 significance). Results 170 patients were evaluated. The negative response to the “surprise question” was related to death outcome. A greater possibility of death (p<0.05) was observed among older and more frail patients with less functionality, chronic cardiac and/or renal insufficiencies or acute non-traumatic neurological insult, with multiorgan failure for more than 5 days, and hospitalized for longer. Conclusion Predictors of death were related to a subjective evaluation by the physician, the clinical condition of the patient, underlying diseases, the severity of the acute disease and the evolution of the critical illness. It is suggested that patients with two or more predictive criteria receive preferential palliative care.

RESUMEN Objetivo Factores predictivos de defunción en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y relacionar a pacientes elegibles para cuidados paliativos preferentes. Método Cohorte prospectivo que evaluó a pacientes hospitalizados por más de 24 horas, subdivididos en G1 (pacientes que fallecieron) y G2 (pacientes con alta hospitalaria). Para la identificación de los factores predictivos para el resultado defunción, se hizo al médico intensivista la “pregunta sorpresa” y fueron recogidos datos clínico-demográficos de los pacientes. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva/inferencial (significante p<;0,05). Resultados Fueron evaluados 170 pacientes. La respuesta negativa a la “pregunta sorpresa” fue relacionada con el resultado defunción. Hubo mayor posibilidad de defunción (p<;0,05) entre los pacientes mayores, más frágiles, con menor funcionalidad, con insuficiencias cardiaca y/o renal crónicas o evento neurológico agudo no traumático, con fallo multiorgánico por más de cinco días, hospitalizados por más tiempo. Conclusión Predictores de defunción fueron relacionados con la evaluación subjetiva del médico, la condición clínica del paciente, las enfermedades de base, la severidad de la enfermedad aguda y la evolución de la enfermedad crítica. Se sugiere que pacientes con dos o más criterios predictivos reciban cuidados paliativos preferentes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2017023203342 4194 downloads

12.

Fatores preditores de óbito em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: contribuição para a abordagem paliativista
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Gulini, Juliana El Hage Meyer de Barros

; Nascimento, Eliane Regina Pereira do

; Moritz, Rachel Duarte

; Vargas, Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira

; Matte, Darlan Laurício

; Cabral, Rafael Pigozzi

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2018, Volume 52 elocation e03342

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2017023203342 224 downloads

13.

Current approaches to immunotherapy in noncolorectal gastrointestinal malignancies
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Jesus, Victor Hugo Fonseca de

; Felismino, Tiago Cordeiro

; Barros e Silva, Milton José de

; Souza e Silva, Virgílio de

; Riechelmann, Rachel P.

Clinics

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2018, Volume 73 elocation e510s

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Noncolorectal gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies are among the most frequently diagnosed cancers. Despite the undeniable progress in systemic treatments in recent decades, further improvements using cytotoxic chemotherapy seem unlikely. In this setting, recent discoveries regarding the mechanism underlying immune evasion have prompted the study of molecules capable of inducing strong antitumor responses. Thus, according to early data, immunotherapy is a very promising tool for the treatment of patients with GI malignancies. Noncolorectal GI cancers are a major public health problem worldwide. Traditional treatment options, such as chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, monoclonal antibodies and antiangiogenic agents, have been the backbone of treatment for various stages of GI cancers, but overall mortality remains a major problem. Thus, there is a substantial unmet need for new drugs and therapies to further improve the outcomes of treatment for noncolorectal GI malignancies. “Next-generation” immunotherapy is emerging as an effective and promising treatment option in several types of cancers. Therefore, encouraged by this recent success, many clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and other strategies in treating noncolorectal GI malignancies are ongoing. This review will summarize the current clinical progress of modern immunotherapy in the field of noncolorectal GI tumors.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e510s 1163 downloads

14.

Intensive care unit team perception of palliative care: the discourse of the collective subject
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Gulini, Juliana El Hage Meyer de Barros

; Nascimento, Eliane Regina Pereira do

; Moritz, Rachel Duarte

; Rosa, Luciana Martins da

; Silveira, Natyele Rippel

; Vargas, Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2017, Volume 51 elocation e03221

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo OBJETIVO Conhecer a percepção dos profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva acerca do cuidado paliativo. MÉTODO Pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa do tipo Convergente Assistencial realizada em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva da região sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se de entrevista semiestruturada que investigou o entendimento e a compreensão sobre cuidado paliativo nesta unidade. Os dados foram organizados e analisados pela técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo com auxílio do software Qualiquantisoft®. RESULTADOS Participaram do estudo 37 profissionais (12 enfermeiros, 11 técnicos de enfermagem, cinco fisioterapeutas e nove médicos). As ideias centrais extraídas dos relatos: cuidado na fase terminal da vida sem medidas fúteis; cuidados de conforto; falta uniformizar a assistência e falta capacitação para a equipe. CONCLUSÃO Os profissionais percebem o cuidado paliativo apropriado na fase terminal da vida, sem necessidade de medidas fúteis de tratamento e promotoras de conforto. No entanto, estão conscientes da falta de uniformização e da sua capacitação nesta matéria, o que os leva a conceber o paliativismo como cuidado de terminalidade, pelo que se recomendam medidas para romper com este estigma.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To learn the perception of health professionals in an intensive care unit towards palliative care. METHOD This was a descriptive and qualitative study based on the converging care approach conducted at an intensive care unit in the South of Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were used to investigate the understanding of the professionals about palliative care in this unit. The data were organized and analyzed using the discourse of the collective subject method with the help of Qualiquantisoft® software. RESULTS Participants included 37 professionals (12 nurses, 11nursing technicians, 5 physical therapists and 9 doctors). The key ideas extracted from the interviews were: care in the end stage of life that avoids futile measures; comfort care; lack of standardized care and lack of team training. CONCLUSION The professionals perceived palliative care as appropriate in the last stages of life, with no need for futile treatment or as comfort measures. However, they are aware of the lack of standardization and lack of capacity building in this area, which leads them to conceive palliative care as terminal care, and measures are recommended to break with this stigma.

Resumen OBJETIVO Conocer la percepción de los profesionales sanitarios de una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos acerca del cuidado paliativo. MÉTODO Investigación descriptiva, cualitativa del tipo Convergente Asistencial realizada en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de la región sur de Brasil. Se empleó entrevista semiestructurada que investigó el entendimiento y la comprensión acerca del cuidado paliativo en esa unidad. Los datos fueron organizados y analizados por la técnica del discurso del sujeto colectivo con auxilio del software Qualiquantisoft®. RESULTADOS Participaron en el estudio 37 profesionales (12 enfermeros, 11 técnicos de enfermería, cinco fisioterapeutas y nueve médicos). Las ideas centrales extraídas de los relatos: cuidado en la fase terminal de la vida sin medidas fútiles; cuidados de confort; ausencia de uniformización de la asistencia y de capacitación para el equipo. CONCLUSIÓN Los profesionales perciben el cuidado paliativo apropiado en la fase terminal de la vida, sin necesidad de medidas fútiles de tratamiento y promotoras de confort. Sin embargo, están enterados de la falta de uniformización y de su capacitación en esa materia, lo que lleva a concebir el paliativismo como cuidado de terminalidad, por lo que se recomiendan medidas para romper dicho estigma.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2016041703221 8294 downloads

15.

Intensive care unit team perception of palliative care: the discourse of the collective subject
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Gulini, Juliana El Hage Meyer de Barros

; Nascimento, Eliane Regina Pereira do

; Moritz, Rachel Duarte

; Rosa, Luciana Martins da

; Silveira, Natyele Rippel

; Vargas, Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2017, Volume 51 elocation e03221

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2016041703221 6 downloads

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