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Profile of natural Trypanosoma cruzi infection among dogs from rural areas of southern Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Pontes, Beathriz Giostri

; Kuster, Marieta Cristina Couto

; Freitas, Letícia Azeredo de

; Barbosa, Wagner Miranda

; Machado-Coelho, George Luiz Lins

; Zanini, Marcos Santos

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Santos, Fabiane Matos dos

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0712-2021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: The emergence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection via oral transmission has a habitual character in its primitive endemic cycle. Recent findings revealed the first death by oral transmission of T. cruzi in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in 2012, which was recorded in the rural area of Guarapari. This study evaluated the characteristics related to the occurrence of natural T. cruzi infection among dogs from the rural areas of Alegre and Iconha, municipalities of Espírito Santo. Methods: Logistic regression analysis of factors contributing to serological detection of T. cruzi in dogs was performed in environments where Espírito Santo’s Department of Health Surveillance had previously notified triatomines positive for Trypanosoma spp. from 2014 to 2017. Results: A total of 36 dogs were analyzed, of which 10 (27.77%) tested positive, one was borderline (2.79%), and 25 tested negative (69.44%) for T. cruzi infection. São Caetano, a district from the Iconha municipality, presented a 25 times greater chance for the detection of positive tests (OR:25; 95% CI; 2.37->100). Dogs with updated mandatory vaccination presented with a lower risk of positive serodiagnosis (OR:0.12; 95% CI: 0.02-0.63). Conclusions: Our results highlight for the first time the occurrence of natural T. cruzi canine infection, detected in the municipality of Iconha, mainly among dogs with un-updated mandatory vaccines in the district of São Caetano.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0712-2021

Mir-190b negatively contributes to the Trypanosoma cruzi- infected cell survival by repressing PTEN protein expression
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Monteiro, Cíntia Júnia

; Mota, Suianne Letícia Antunes

; Diniz, Lívia de Figueiredo

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Moraes, Karen CM

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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dec 2015, Volume 110 N. 8 Pages 996 - 1002

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Chagas disease, which is caused by the intracellular protozoanTrypanosoma cruzi, is a serious health problem in Latin America. The heart is one of the major organs affected by this parasitic infection. The pathogenesis of tissue remodelling, particularly regarding cardiomyocyte behaviour after parasite infection, and the molecular mechanisms that occur immediately following parasite entry into host cells are not yet completely understood. Previous studies have reported that the establishment of parasitism is connected to the activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), which controls important steps in cellular metabolism by regulating the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate. Particularly, the tumour suppressor PTEN is a negative regulator of PI3K signalling. However, mechanistic details of the modulatory activity of PTEN on Chagas disease have not been elucidated. To address this question, H9c2 cells were infected with T. cruzi Berenice 62 strain and the expression of a specific set of microRNAs (miRNAs) were investigated. Our cellular model demonstrated that miRNA-190b is correlated to the decrease of cellular viability rates by negatively modulating PTEN protein expression in T. cruzi-infected cells.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760150184 1340 downloads

Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in Trypanosoma cruzisurvival in the early stages of parasite host-cell interaction
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Moraes, Karen CM

; Diniz, Lívia F

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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apr 2015, Volume 110 N. 2 Pages 181 - 191

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Chagas disease, caused by the intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is a serious health problem in Latin America. During this parasitic infection, the heart is one of the major organs affected. The pathogenesis of tissue remodelling, particularly regarding cardiomyocyte behaviour after parasite infection and the molecular mechanisms that occur immediately following parasite entry into host cells are not yet completely understood. When cells are infected with T. cruzi, they develop an inflammatory response, in which cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) catalyses rate-limiting steps in the arachidonic acid pathway. However, how the parasite interaction modulates COX-2 activity is poorly understood. In this study, the H9c2 cell line was used as our model and we investigated cellular and biochemical aspects during the initial 48 h of parasitic infection. Oscillatory activity of COX-2 was observed, which correlated with the control of the pro-inflammatory environment in infected cells. Interestingly, subcellular trafficking was also verified, correlated with the control of Cox-2 mRNA or the activated COX-2 protein in cells, which is directly connected with the assemble of stress granules structures. Our collective findings suggest that in the very early stage of the T. cruzi-host cell interaction, the parasite is able to modulate the cellular metabolism in order to survives.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760140311 1772 downloads

Myenteric plexus is differentially affected by infection with distinct Trypanosoma cruzi strains in Beagle dogs
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Nogueira-Paiva, Nívia Carolina

; Fonseca, Kátia da Silva

; Vieira, Paula Melo de Abreu

; Diniz, Lívia Figueiredo

; Caldas, Ivo Santana

; Moura, Sandra Aparecida Lima de

; Veloso, Vanja Maria

; Guedes, Paulo Marcos da Matta

; Tafuri, Washington Luiz

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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feb 2014, Volume 109 N. 1 Pages 51 - 60

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Chagasic megaoesophagus and megacolon are characterised by motor abnormalities related to enteric nervous system lesions and their development seems to be related to geographic distribution of distinct Trypanosoma cruzi subpopulations. Beagle dogs were infected with Y or Berenice-78 (Be-78) T. cruzi strains and necropsied during the acute or chronic phase of experimental disease for post mortem histopathological evaluation of the oesophagus and colon. Both strains infected the oesophagus and colon and caused an inflammatory response during the acute phase. In the chronic phase, inflammatory process was observed exclusively in the Be-78 infected animals, possibly due to a parasitism persistent only in this group. Myenteric denervation occurred during the acute phase of infection for both strains, but persisted chronically only in Be-78 infected animals. Glial cell involvement occurred earlier in animals infected with the Y strain, while animals infected with the Be-78 strain showed reduced glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactive area of enteric glial cells in the chronic phase. These results suggest that although both strains cause lesions in the digestive tract, the Y strain is associated with early control of the lesion, while the Be-78 strain results in progressive gut lesions in this model.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-0276130216 2676 downloads

Prevalência de parasitoses intestinais e estado nutricional, segundo sexo e idade, entre a população indígena Caxixó, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Dias Júnior, Cláudio Santiago

; Oliveira, Cinthia Teixeira de

; Verona, Ana Paula de Andrade

; Pena, João Luiz

; Sírio, Marília Alfenas de Oliveira

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Machado-Coelho, George Luiz Lins

Revista Brasileira de Estudos de População

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dec 2013, Volume 30 N. 2 Pages 603 - 608

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

6974 downloads

Serological survey on Ehrlichia sp. among dogs in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul
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Krawczak, Felipe da Silva

; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

; Sangioni, Luís Antônio

; Vogel, Fernanda Silveira Flores

; Soares, João Fabio

; Lopes, Sônia Terezinha dos Anjos

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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dec 2012, Volume 21 N. 4 Pages 415 - 417

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foi realizada uma pesquisa sorológica para Ehrlichia canis, em cães, na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, onde o carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus é um parasita comum em cães. De um total de 316 cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Universitário no Município de Santa Maria, somente 14 (4,43%) reagiram positivamente para o antígeno de E. canis pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta, com os seguintes títulos finais: 80 (3 cães), 160 (5), 320 (4), 640 (1) e 1.280 (1). Semelhante aos estudos anteriores em outras regiões do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, apenas uma pequena parcela dos cães de Santa Maria apresentaram anticorpos reativos para E. canis, mesmo que as infestações caninas por R. sanguineus sejam muito comuns na região de estudo. Esses resultados contrastam com outras regiões do Brasil, nas quais E. canis é endêmica entre a população canina, com valores de soropositividade geralmente superiores a 30%. Diferenças genéticas entre as populações de R. sanguineus, na América do Sul, poderiam estar envolvidas nesses resultados contrastantes.

A serological survey on Ehrlichia canis was conducted among dogs in the central area of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, where the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus is a common parasite of dogs. Out of a total of 316 dogs attended at the veterinary teaching hospital in the municipality of Santa Maria, only 14 (4.43%) reacted positively to E. canis antigens in the indirect immunofluorescence assay, with the following endpoint titers: 80 (three dogs), 160 (five), 320 (four), 640 (one) and 1280 (one). Like in previous studies in other regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, only a very small portion of the dogs in Santa Maria presented antibodies reactive to E. canis, even though canine infestations due to R. sanguineus are very common in this study region. These results contrast with other regions of Brazil, where E. canis is endemic among canine populations, with seropositivity values generally higher than 30%. Genetic differences among the R. sanguineus populations in South America might be implicated in these contrasting results.

1855 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

Hematological alterations during experimental canine infection by Trypanosoma cruzi
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Guedes, Paulo Marcos Matta

; Veloso, Vanja Maria

; Mineo, Tiago Wilson Patriarca

; Santiago-Silva, Juliana

; Crepalde, Geovan

; Caldas, Ivo Santana

; Nascimento, Manuela Sales Lima

; Lana, Marta

; Chiari, Egler

; Galvão, Lúcia Maria da Cunha

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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jun 2012, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 151 - 156

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Para confirmar que cães Beagle são um bom modelo para doença de Chagas, foram avaliadas as alterações hematológicas durante as fases aguda e crônica em cães Beagle infectados com as cepas Y, Berenice-78 (Be-78) e ABC de Trypanosomacruzi, correlacionando os sinais clínicos com a curva de parasitemia. Foi demonstrado que a fase aguda da infecção foi marcada por letargia e perda de apetite. Simultaneamente, observou-se anemia, leucocitose e linfocitose. Ainda, foram descritas alterações hematológicas e sinais clínicos positivamente correlacionados com a parasitemia durante a infecção experimental com as três cepas de T.cruzi estudadas, demonstrando que a infecção em cães Beagle constitui um modelo fidedigno para a doença de Chagas.

To confirm that Beagle dogs are a good experimental model for Chagas disease, we evaluated hematological alterations during the acute and chronic phases in Beagle dogs infected with the Y, Berenice-78 (Be-78) and ABC strains of Trypanosomacruzi, correlating clinical signs with the parasitemia curve. We demonstrate that the acute phase of infection was marked by lethargy and loss of appetite. Simultaneously, we observed anemia, leukocytosis and lymphocytosis. Also,we describe hematological alterations and clinical signs that were positively correlated with the parasitemia during the experimental infection with the three strains of T.cruzi, and demonstrate that experimental infection of Beagle is a trustworthy model for Chagas disease.

3499 downloads

Short-term therapy with simvastatin reduces inflammatory mediators and heart inflammation during the acute phase of experimental Chagas disease
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Silva, Rafael Rodrigues

; Shrestha-Bajracharya, Deena

; Almeida-Leite, Camila Megale

; Leite, Rômulo

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Talvani, Andre

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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jun 2012, Volume 107 N. 4 Pages 513 - 521

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Trypanosoma cruzi infection induces progressive cardiac inflammation that leads to fibrosis and modifications in the heart architecture and functionality. Statins, such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors, have been studied due to their pleiotropic roles in modulating the inflammatory response. Our goal was to evaluate the effects of simvastatin on the cardiac inflammatory process using a cardiotropic strain of T. cruzi in a murine model of Chagas cardiomyopathy. C57BL/6 mice were infected with 500 trypomastigotes of the Colombian strain of T. cruzi and treated with an oral dose of simvastatin (20 mg/Kg/day) for one month and inflammatory and morphometric parameters were subsequently evaluated in the serum and in the heart, respectively. Simvastatin reduced the total cholesterol and inflammatory mediators (interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, CCL2 and CCL5) in the serum and in the heart tissue at 30 days post-infection. Additionally, a proportional reduction in heart weight and inflammatory infiltration was observed. Simvastatin also reduced epimastigote proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in vitro and was able to reduce blood trypomastigotes and heart amastigote nests during the acute phase of Chagas disease in vivo. Based on these data, we conclude that simvastatin exerts a modulatory effect on the inflammatory mediators that are elicited by the Colombian strain of T. cruzi and ameliorates the heart damage that is observed in a murine model of Chagas disease.

2956 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

A comparative study of the TF-Test®, Kato-Katz, Hoffman-Pons-Janer, Willis and Baermann-Moraes coprologic methods for the detection of human parasitosis
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Carvalho, Gabriela Lanna Xavier de

; Moreira, Luciano Evangelista

; Pena, João Luiz

; Marinho, Carolina Coimbra

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Machado-Coelho, George Luiz Lins

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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feb 2012, Volume 107 N. 1 Pages 80 - 84

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study compares the diagnostic accuracy of the TF-Test® (TFT) for human parasitosis with results obtained using the traditional Kato-Katz (KK), Hoffman-Pons-Janer (HPJ), Willis and Baermann-Moraes (BM) techniques. Overall, four stool samples were taken from each individual; three alternate-day TFT stool samples and another sample that was collected in a universal container. Stool samples were taken from 331 inhabitants of the community of Quilombola Santa Cruz. The gold standard (GS) for protozoa detection was defined as the combined results for TFT, HPJ and Willis coproscopic techniques; for helminth detection, GS was defined as the combined results for all five coproscopic techniques (TFT, KK, HPJ, Willis and BM). The positivity rate of each method was compared using the McNemar test. While the TFT exhibited similar positivity rates to the GS for Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (82.4%) and Giardia duodenalis (90%), HPJ and Willis techniques exhibited significantly lower positivity rates for these protozoa. All tests exhibited significantly lower positivity rates compared with GS for the diagnosis of helminths. The KK technique had the highest positivity rate for diagnosing Schistosoma mansoni (74.6%), while the TFT had the highest positivity rates for Ascaris lumbricoides (58.1%) and hookworm (75%); HPJ technique had the highest positivity rate for Strongyloides stercoralis (50%). Although a combination of tests is the most accurate method for the diagnosis of enteral parasites, the TFT reliably estimates the prevalence of protozoa and selected helminths, such as A. lumbricoides and hookworm. Further studies are needed to evaluate the detection accuracy of the TFT in samples with varying numbers of parasites.

9133 downloads

10.

In-house ELISA method to analyze anti-Trypanosoma cruzi IgG reactivity for differential diagnosis and evaluation of Chagas disease morbidity
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Santos, Lilian da Silva

; Torres, Rosália Morais

; Machado-de-Assis, Girley Francisco

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Martins, Helen Rodrigues

; Teixeira-Carvalho, Andréa

; Coelho-dos-Reis, Jordana Grazziela Alves

; Albajar-Viñas, Pedro

; Martins-Filho, Olindo Assis

; Lana, Marta de

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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feb 2012, Volume 45 N. 1 Pages 35 - 44

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: O objetivo foi desenvolver um método sorológico in-house de alta especificidade e sensibilidade para diagnosticar e monitorar a morbidade da doença de Chagas. MÉTODOS: Para tal, a reatividade sorológica de IgG e subclasses foi testada em soros de pacientes chagásicos de Berilo, Vale do Jequitinhonha/MG/Brasil. A reatividade sorológica foi também avaliada em amostras de pacientes com outras doenças infecto-contagiosas relevantes, incluindo o HIV, vírus da hepatite C (VHC), sífilis (SYP), leishmaniose visceral (LV), leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) e controles não infectados (NI) para verificar o desempenho do método. Outras análises foram feitas para avaliar a aplicabilidade desta metodologia no monitoramento da morbidade da doença de Chagas. Com este propósito os pacientes com doença de Chagas foram anteriormente classificados em três grupos: indeterminados (IND), cardíacos (CARD) e digestivos/mistos (DIG/Mis) conforme seu estado clínico. RESULTADOS: A análise da reatividade sorológica de IgG total na diluição 1:40 mostrou ser uma abordagem importante no diagnóstico da doença de Chagas (100% de sensibilidade e especificidade e ausência de reação cruzada com as demais infecções). A análise das subclasses de IgG mostrou reação cruzada principalmente com NI, LV e LTA em todas as diluições. O grupo IND apresentou a maior reatividade para IgG3 e o grupo DIG/Mis apresentou nível mais elevado de IgG se comparados aos grupos IND e CARD. CONCLUSÕES: Estes achados demonstram que o método de ELISA in-house apresenta uma promissora aplicabilidade no diagnóstico diferencial e na avaliação da morbidade da doença de Chagas.

INTRODUCTION: The goal was to develop an in-house serological method with high specificity and sensitivity for diagnosis and monitoring of Chagas disease morbidity. METHODS: With this purpose, the reactivities of anti-T. cruzi IgG and subclasses were tested in successive serum dilutions of patients from Berilo municipality, Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The performance of the in-house ELISA was also evaluated in samples from other relevant infectious diseases, including HIV, hepatitis C (HCV), syphilis (SYP), visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL), and noninfected controls (NI). Further analysis was performed to evaluate the applicability of this in-house methodology for monitoring Chagas disease morbidity into three groups of patients: indeterminate (IND), cardiac (CARD), and digestive/mixed (DIG/Mix), based on their clinical status. RESULTS: The analysis of total IgG reactivity at serum dilution 1:40 was an excellent approach to Chagas disease diagnosis (100% sensitivity and specificity). The analysis of IgG subclasses showed cross-reactivity, mainly with NI, VL, and ATL, at all selected serum dilutions. Based on the data analysis, the IND group displayed higher IgG3 levels and the DIG/Mix group presented higher levels of total IgG as compared with the IND and CARD groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrated that methodology presents promising applicability in the analysis of anti-T. cruzi IgG reactivity for the differential diagnosis and evaluation of Chagas disease morbidity.

6326 downloads

11.

In vitro and in vivo experimental models for drug screening and development for Chagas disease
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Romanha, Alvaro José

; Castro, Solange Lisboa de

; Soeiro, Maria de Nazaré Correia

; Lannes-Vieira, Joseli

; Ribeiro, Isabela

; Talvani, André

; Bourdin, Bernadette

; Blum, Bethania

; Olivieri, Bianca

; Zani, Carlos

; Spadafora, Carmenza

; Chiari, Egler

; Chatelain, Eric

; Chaves, Gabriela

; Calzada, José Eduardo

; Bustamante, Juan Manuel

; Freitas-Junior, Lucio H

; Romero, Luz I

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Lotrowska, Michel

; Soares, Milena

; Andrade, Sonia Gumes

; Armstrong, Tanya

; Degrave, Wim

; Andrade, Zilton de Araújo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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mar 2010, Volume 105 N. 2 Pages 233 - 238

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Chagas disease, a neglected illness, affects nearly 12-14 million people in endemic areas of Latin America. Although the occurrence of acute cases sharply has declined due to Southern Cone Initiative efforts to control vector transmission, there still remain serious challenges, including the maintenance of sustainable public policies for Chagas disease control and the urgent need for better drugs to treat chagasic patients. Since the introduction of benznidazole and nifurtimox approximately 40 years ago, many natural and synthetic compounds have been assayed against Trypanosoma cruzi, yet only a few compounds have advanced to clinical trials. This reflects, at least in part, the lack of consensus regarding appropriate in vitro and in vivo screening protocols as well as the lack of biomarkers for treating parasitaemia. The development of more effective drugs requires (i) the identification and validation of parasite targets, (ii) compounds to be screened against the targets or the whole parasite and (iii) a panel of minimum standardised procedures to advance leading compounds to clinical trials. This third aim was the topic of the workshop entitled Experimental Models in Drug Screening and Development for Chagas Disease, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on the 25th and 26th of November 2008 by the Fiocruz Program for Research and Technological Development on Chagas Disease and Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative. During the meeting, the minimum steps, requirements and decision gates for the determination of the efficacy of novel drugs for T. cruzi control were evaluated by interdisciplinary experts and an in vitro and in vivo flowchart was designed to serve as a general and standardised protocol for screening potential drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease.

12866 downloads Cited 9 times in SciELO

12.

Seroprevalence of Chagas disease in schoolchildren from two municipalities of Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil; six years following the onset of epidemiological surveillance
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Borges, Jaila Dias

; Assis, Girley Francisco Machado de

; Gomes, Lizziani Vasconcelos

; Dias, João Carlos Pinto

; Pinto, Ildikô Delkim Miranda

; Martins-Filho, Olindo Assis

; Torres, Rosália Morais

; Viñas, Pedro Albajar

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Machado-Coelho, George Luiz Lins

; Lana, Marta de

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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apr 2006, Volume 48 N. 2 Pages 81 - 86

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Seis anos após o início da vigilância epidemiológica para doença de Chagas em Berilo e José Gonçalves de Minas, Vale do Jequitinhonha, MG, Brasil, foi realizado um inquérito sorológico para verificar se a transmissão desta endemia estava ocorrendo naquela área. Uma amostra aleatória de 1.412 crianças, de 7 a 14 anos, foi avaliada. Foram encontradas seis crianças positivas assintomáticas, totalizando uma prevalência de 0,4%. Hemocultura confirmou a infecção em cinco dos seis casos positivos. Uma investigação epidemiológica adicional, revelou importantes antecedentes, tais como: casos da doença em parentes e condições de moradia e ecológicas predisponentes. Nossos resultados demonstram uma soroprevalência similar (0,4%) em escolares de 7 a 14 anos àquela observada há seis anos (0,2%) em crianças de 0-9 anos. Dessa forma, considerando a presença constante de Panstrogylus megistus estes achados reforçam a necessidade de uma vigilância epidemiológica contínua e aperfeiçoada para Doença de Chagas naquela região.

Six years after the beginning of the epidemiological surveillance of Chagas disease in Berilo and José Gonçalves de Minas, Jequitinhonha Valley, MG, Brazil, a serological inquiry was performed to observe whether the transmission of this endemy was occurring in this area. A randomized sample of 1,412 children seven to 14 years old, was screened. Six asymptomatic children were found to be positive, leading to 0.4% of prevalence. Hemoculture confirmed infection in five out of the six positive cases. Additional epidemiological investigation revealed important antecedents, such as disease reports in relatives and predisposing ecological and housing conditions. Our results demonstrated similar seroprevalence (0.4%) in schoolchildren, ranging from seven to 14 years old, and that were observed six years ago (0.2%) for children 0-9 year-old. Thus, considering the constant presence of Panstrogylus megistus in the peridomicile these findings emphasize the need of continuous improved epidemiological surveillance of Chagas disease in this region.

2254 downloads Cited 6 times in SciELO

13.

Comparison of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs inoculated with blood or metacyclic trypomastigotes of Berenice-62 and Berenice-78 strains via intraperitoneal and conjunctival routes
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Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Tafuri, Washington Luiz

; Caliari, Marcelo Vidigal

; Veloso, Vanja Maria

; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins

; Coelho, George Luiz Lins Machado

; Lana, Marta de

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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aug 2002, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 339 - 345

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Neste trabalho foi avaliada a influência da fonte do inóculo (tripomastigota sangüíneo ou metacíclico) e da via de inoculação (intraperitoneal ou conjuntival) na evolução da infecção de cães pelas cepas Berenice-62 e Berenice-78 do Trypanosoma cruzi. O índice de infectividade e os níveis de parasitaemia foram significativamente influenciados pelas condições de inoculação, tendo sido maiores nos animais inoculados pela via conjuntival, com tripomastigotas metacíclicos. Por outro lado, não foi observada relação entre as condições de inóculo e as lesões teciduais nos animais infectados com a cepa Berenice-78, pois todos apresentaram miocardite aguda severa. De forma inversa, nos animais infectados com a cepa Berenice-62, foi observada miocardite aguda intensa apenas nos cães inoculados com tripomastigotas metacíclicos, via intraperitoneal. Estes resultados sugerem que a taxa de infectividade e a evolução da infecção do hospedeiro vertebrado pelo T. cruzi podem ser marcadamente influenciadas pela fonte do inóculo e pela via de inoculação, mesmo quando a mesma cepa do parasita é utilizada.

This paper aimed to verify the influence of the inoculum source (blood or metacyclic trypomastigote) and the route of inoculation (intraperitoneal or conjunctival) on the course of T. cruzi infection in dogs, using comparatively the T. cruzi strains Berenice-62 and Berenice-78. All dogs inoculated intraperitoneally became infected independently of the T. cruzi strain and source of trypomastigotes used. High level of infectivity was also observed when metacyclic trypomastigotes of both strains were inoculated by conjunctival route. However, when blood trypomastigotes were inoculated by conjunctival route the percentages of infectivity were significantly lower in dogs inoculated with both strains. Parasitaemia was significantly higher in animals infected with metacyclic trypomastigotes via the conjunctival route independently of the T. cruzi strain used. All animals infected with Berenice-78 strain showed severe acute myocarditis. On the other hand, animals infected with Berenice-62 showed severe acute myocarditis only when infected with metacyclic trypomastigote, via the intraperitoneal route. The results suggest that the source of the inoculum and the route of inoculation remarkably influence the evolution of the infection for the T. cruzi in the vertebrate host even when the same strain of the parasite is used.

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14.

Diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis by a dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
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Elsaid, Mohamed Mohamed Anwar

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Machado-Coelho, George Luiz

; Vitor, Ricardo Wagner de Almeida

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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apr 1995, Volume 37 N. 2 Pages 117 - 122

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O Dot-ELISA foi padronizado e avaliado para o imunodiagnóstico da toxoplasmose humana. Entre 538 amostras testadas pela reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (teste de referência) 183 foram positivas considerando-se os soros reagentes nas diluições > 1:16 (34%). Utilizando a diluição 1:256 como título discriminante para o Dot-ELISA, foram observados 192 soros positivos (36%). A comparação entre as duas técnicas mostrou os seguintes resultados: co-positividade = 0,94, co-negatividade = 0,94 e youden = 0,88. Estes resultados mostram que o Dot-ELISA pode ser aplicado no imunodiagnóstico da toxoplasmose humana utilizando o título discriminante de 1:256. Entre as principais vantagens desta técnica podemos citar sua simplicidade, leitura visual sem uso de aparelho e utilização como teste qualitativo em levantamentos epidemiológicos ou como teste quantitativo para titulação de soros.

A Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) was standardized and evaluated for the serodiagnosis of human toxoplasmosis. Out of 538 serum samples tested by the immunofluorescence test for toxoplasmosis (IFAT-IgG) as reference test, 183 (34%) were positive at cut off 1:16 and 192 (36%) were positive for Dot-ELISA-IgG at cut-off 1:256. For Dot-ELISA, co-positivity was 0.94, co-negativity 0.94 and concordance 0.88 in relation to IFAT-IgG. These results suggest the usefulness of Dot-ELISA (cut-off titer of 1:256) for the serodiagnosis of human toxoplasmosis. The main advantage of this technique is simplicity, positive test can be visually identified (colored precipitate). It does not require a special equipment and it can be used as a qualitative test to screen large numbers of samples or as a quantitative assay to determine end-point titration of individual sera.

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