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Silage mixed with forage and byproducts is an alternative nutritional strategy for ruminant production. This study aimed to characterize chemical-nutritional aspects, fermentative profile, and digestibility of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) silage with different contents of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) peel inclusion at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, or 80% of fresh matter. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates per treatment. Mixed feeds were ensiled in experimental silos for 65 days, subsequently opened, and samples were analysed. The increase in the proportions of pineapple peel caused a linear increase in dry matter, crude protein, mineral matter, ether extract, soluble carbohydrate, cellulose, lignin, and in vitro digestibility of dry matter in sorghum silage. The mean concentrations of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) had a negative quadratic relationship with the inclusion of pineapple peel, reducing from 0% to 40% (-2.56% for NDF and -3.14% for ADF) followed by stabilization at subsequent contents. Silage pH was not influenced, however, acetic and propionic acids increased linearly, while butyric acid decreased linearly with pineapple peel inclusion. The highest losses in gases and effluents were obtained in silage with 0% pineapple peel inclusion (1.77% of dry matter and 4.06 kg t-1 of dry matter), which resulted in lower dry matter recovery (93.56%). Adding pineapple peel to sorghum benefits composition, fermentation, in vitro digestibility, and decreases silage losses. An inclusion of 40-80% sorghum can be recommended.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v53i4.02

Floristic inventory and conservation of one of the most striking coastal mountains in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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Valadares, Rodrigo T.

; Dutra, Valquíria F.

; Firmino, Aline D.

; Iglesias, Diego T.

; Silva, Lucas A.

; Barros, Paulo Henrique D.

; Freitas, Vinícius C.

; Cardoso, Weverson C.

; Assis, André M.

; Gomes, José M. L.

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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2022, Volume 36 elocation e2021abb0038

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The Atlantic Forest is made up of different vegetation types over extensive latitude. Most of its remnants are in mountain ranges, which are responsible for the maintenance of most endemic and threatened species in this domain. Here we present the floristic composition of the Área de Proteção Ambiental Mestre Álvaro (APAMA), a coastal massif at Espírito Santo State with expressive altitudinal amplitude (100-800 a.s.l.) containing remnants never floristically studied. Knowing the composition of this protected area is important because it includes an altitudinal range not yet evaluated in floristic comparisons involving highland and lowland forests between the latitudes 18-21° S. We found 493 species (in 292 genera and 91 families): ten are regional endemic species, nine are new records of occurrence for the state, and 52 are under some degree of threat of extinction. Our results indicate the presence of flora elements' typical of both highland and lowland forests, which makes the APAMA essential in a scenario extremely fragmented. Finally, our data provide an unprecedented floristic list for regional forest restoration projects, as well as an invaluable source of data for biogeographic studies that seek to understand the effect caused by neighboring vegetation types on the composition of lowland forests.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062021abb0038

MOLECULAR NETWORKING-BASED DEREPLICATION OF AMBUIC ACID DERIVATIVES FROM THE MARINE FUNGUS PESTALOTIOPSIS SP. 4A11
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Kellner Filho, Luis C.

; Assis, Rhenner N. A.

; Santos, Aline O. dos

; Targanski, Sabrina K.

; Siqueira, Kátia A.

; Medeiros, Livia S. de

; Angolini, Célio F. F.

; Silva, Felipe M. A. da

; Soares, Marcos A.

; Dias, Gustavo M.

; Silva, Marcio L. A.

; Cunha, Wilson R.

; Pauletti, Patricia M.

; Koolen, Hector H. F.

; Januario, Ana H.

Química Nova

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2022, Volume 45 N. 3 Pages 268 - 274

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Ambuic acid (AA) is a highly-modified cyclohexenone and known as a promising inhibitor of quorum sensing in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and is thus a candidate as an antivirulence drug. This molecule is mainly produced by the species of Pestalotiopsis and, since its discovery twenty years ago, only a restricted amount of AA-derivatives have been described. Despite being a promising subject, methods for the analysis of modified AA-analogues via mass spectrometry remain unexplored. In order to adress this question, the marine fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. 4A11 associated with the ascidian Didemnum perlucidum was grown in a solid rice medium and its crude extract was chemically studied. From this extract, AA and 10-hydroxy ambuic acid (10-HAA) were isolated and identified using NMR spectroscopy with the aim of obtaining model compounds for the MS analysis. These served as reference compounds (seeds) to guide the dereplication of other AA-analogues via LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking. Based on the manual interpretation of the fragmentation pathways of the seeds and related compounds observed in the networks, six AA-derivatives were dereplicated in the extract. Furthermore, three analogues with unprecedented chemical formulas were proposed as putative unprecedented AA-derivatives. The fragmentation annotation proposed represents a fast and feasible method for characterizing AA-derivatives.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170819

Protected sodium butyrate in chicken diets until 21 days of age improves intestinal development and performance
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Pires, M. F.

; Leandro, N. S. M.

; Café, M. B.

; Carvalho, F. B.

; Jacob, D. V.

; Noleto-Mendonça, R. A.

; Assis, S. D.

; Martins, J. M. S.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2022, Volume 52 N. 5 Pages 591 - 602

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study was developed to examine the performance, carcass and cut yields, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal histomorphometry of chickens fed diets supplemented with protected sodium butyrate until 21 days of age. Two experiments were conducted, both of which involved the following treatments: basal diet with inclusion of an antibiotic; basal diet without antibiotic or protected sodium butyrate (PSB; control); basal diet with inclusion of 225 g/t PSB in the pre-starter and starter phases; and basal diet with inclusion of 300 g/t PSB in the pre-starter and starter phases. In the first experiment, 784 male broiler chicks were distributed into the four treatments, with seven replicates of 28 birds, to evaluate performance and carcass and cut yields. In experiment II, 280 male broiler chicks were distributed into the four treatments, with seven replicates of 10 birds, to evaluate intestinal digestibility and histomorphometry. At 42 days of age, the broilers supplemented with 225 g/t PSB had a higher average final weight than the control group. At seven days, the chickens supplemented with 300 g/t PSB exhibited the highest duodenal villus height; those supplemented with 225 or 300g/t PSB or antibiotic showed the greatest jejunal villus height; and those treated with 225 g/t PSB exhibited the highest jejunal villus/crypt ratio. At 21 days of age, the broilers that received 225 g/t PSB showed the highest duodenal and jejunal villus height. The use of protected sodium butyrate in chicken diets up to 21 days of age improves intestinal development and performance until slaughter age.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v52i5.03

Chemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Astaxanthin Extracted from Shrimp Residues Using Soybean Oil
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Silva, Denise M. L. e

; Damasceno, Karla S. F. S. C

; Ribeiro, Penha P. C

; Alcântra, Maristela A

; Cordeiro, Angela M. T. M

; Passos, Thaís S

; Sousa Jr, Francisco C. de

; Assis, Cristiane F. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jun 2021, Volume 32 N. 6 Pages 1277 - 1285

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Shrimp residues generated by the seafood industrial processing are generally discarded in the environment without any further treatment, leading to a loss of nutritional value such as proteins, lipids, chitin, carotenoids, and minerals. This practice can lead to environmental problems due to the decomposition of these substances in the air. The objective of this study was to extract astaxanthin-rich materials from shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) industrial residue (WO) and smaller-scale residue meal (MO) in processing shrimp with soybean oil to evaluate their physicochemical characteristics, fatty acid content, and antioxidant potential. WO and MO were found to contain 27.48 and 33.34 µg g -1 of astaxanthin, respectively. The physicochemical properties of pigmented oils are established by legislation. The MO material showed significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to the soybean oil (control), especially when based on the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) test, which showed antioxidant activity of 0.484 and 0.264 µmol eq Trolox g -1 for the MO and soybean oil (control), respectively, possibly accompanying their respective astaxanthin contents in the MO sample. The pigmented oils from both the shrimp residues showed significant potential for being used in the food industry due to their affordability and their high antioxidant activity.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210030 100 downloads

Astaxanthin Recovery from Shrimp Residue by Solvent Ethanol Extraction Using Choline Chloride:Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent as Adjuvant
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Santos, Cleidijane A. dos

; Padilha, Carlos E. A.

; Damasceno, Karla S. F. S. C.

; Leite, Pedro I. P.

; Araújo, Ana C. J. de

; Freitas, Priscila R.

; Vieira, Érica A.

; Cordeiro, Angela M. T. M.

; Sousa Jr., Francisco C. de

; Assis, Cristiane F. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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may 2021, Volume 32 N. 5 Pages 1030 - 1039

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The present study investigated the use of choline chloride:glycerol deep eutectic solvent as an adjuvant for tuning the ethanol extraction of astaxanthin from Litopenaeus vannamei processing residues. The adjuvant concentration did not show a clear trend on the total carotenoid, however, the addition of adjuvant proved to be advantageous in the ultrasound-assisted experiments. In order to establish a balance between total carotenoid and productivity, an operational condition with ultrasound, 5% (m/v) choline chloride:glycerol and 10 min of incubation was selected, which provided 737.69 µg g-1 total carotenoids and 32.71 µg g-1 astaxanthin. When compared to the astaxanthin standard, the shrimp residue extract obtained greater antioxidant activity in free radical scavenging tests. In addition, the shrimp residue extract dramatically reduced the dosage of norfloxacin (up to 87.5%) and gentamicin (up to 75.0%) antibiotics in tests to inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210005 173 downloads

Validation of an UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Malachite Green, Leucomalachite Green, Crystal Violet, and Leucocrystal Violet in Shrimp, Fish, and Salmon Muscle Using a Modified QuEChERS Approach
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Rocha, Diego G.

; Souza, Leonardo F. de

; Lana, Mary Ane G.

; Silva, Thaís M. L. da

; Assis, Débora C. S. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2021, Volume 32 N. 4 Pages 722 - 731

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A quantitative and confirmatory method for detecting the presence of triphenylmethane dyes in shrimp muscle using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) and a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction approach was validated. The method exhibited linearity and selectivity and the coefficient of determination (R2) was higher than 0.95 for all studied analytes. Limits of detection (LODs) varied from 0.32 to 0.44 µg kg-1 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was determined to be 0.5 µg kg-1 for all studied analytes. The trueness, precision, decision limits (CCα), detection capability (CCβ) and uncertainty presented adequate performance. In addition to the validation in shrimp muscle, fish and salmon muscle were also satisfactory validated as an extension of scope. The suitability of the proposed method was also evaluated through an interlaboratory proficiency test, in which satisfactory results were obtained. The fully validated method is thus suitable for the analysis of triphenylmethane dyes in shrimp, fish, and salmon muscle.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200224 225 downloads

Synthesis, in silico Study, Theoretical Stereochemistry Elucidation and Antifungal Activity of New Imides Derived from Safrole
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Vilela, Raquel F.

; Costa, Normando A. S.

; Souza, Helivaldo D. S.

; Cruz, Luiz E. G.

; Assis, Kelyonara M. S. de

; Lima, Edeltrudes O.

; Cordeiro, Laísa V.

; Lira, Bruno F.

; Athayde-Filho, Petronio F. de

; Rocha, Gerd B.

; Barbosa-Filho, José M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2020, Volume 31 N. 10 Pages 2091 - 2103

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Ten imides derived from safrole, 4a-4j, were synthesized and their structures were fully characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis. Among the ten imides studied, eight are new. The compounds were evaluated in an in silico study and showed strong to moderate antifungal activity against various strains of Candida and Cryptococcus. In particular, compounds 4b, 4c and 4h exhibited strong antifungal activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) between 0.17-0.73 µmol mL-1. The compound 4j exhibited antifungal activity with MIC 1.28 µmol mL-1 for all strains tested. In silico studies of the parameters of Lipinski’s rule of five indicated that these compounds are potential new drug candidates. The predict oral bioavailability can be evaluated through these parameters. In addition, a computational study helped assigning the stereochemistry of compound 4j, where the synthesized mixture is composed by two stereoisomers, 4j(1) (SRR) and 4j(2) (RSS).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200110 281 downloads

[SciELO Preprints] - Structural vulnerability of hospitals, cemeteries, and crematoriums of the city of São Paulo to COVID-19
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Gaiarsa, Marilia Palumbo Marquitti, Flávia Maria D. Lemos-Costa, Paula Burin, Gustavo Medeiros, Lucas P. Velásquez, Viviana Márquez Santana, Pamela C. Santana, Erika Marques Maia, Kate P. Muniz, Danilo Cosmo, Leandro G. Assis, Ana Paula A. Birskis-Barros, Irina Cantor, Mauricio Emer, Carine Andreazzi, Cecilia Siliansky de Pires, Mathias M. Côrtes, Marina C. Melo, Diogo Cruz, Wesley F. Dáttilo da Raimundo, Rafael Luís G. Migon, Eduardo X. F. G. Guimarães Jr, Paulo R.

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Publication date: 2020-05-09

Abstract: En Pt

This is the first report by the COVID19 Observatory - Group: Contagion Networks analyzing mortality data from the city of São Paulo. In this report, we integrated mortality data for the city of São Paulo between 04/02/2020 and 04/28/2020, with information on the flow of victims between hospitals and cemeteries/crematoriums. We included in our analyzes both confirmed and suspected deaths from COVID-19. The main objectives of this report were: (1) to describe the structure of the flow of victims between locations and (2) to suggest changes in the current flow based on geographical distances in order to avoid a potential overload of the mortuary system. We suggest that the city of São Paulo should plan for a potential overload of the mortuary system (that is, the number of burials), based on the presented results. Thus, our results reinforce the need to adopt specific planning for the management of the extraordinary number of victims of this pandemic. Our predictions are based on the structural analysis of the COVID-19 victim flow network, which shows several hotspots with high vulnerability to system overload. These hotspots concentrate with either the greatest number of deaths (hospital) or of burials (cemetery or crematorium), and therefore have high potential to become overwhelmed by receiving many bodies due to the increase in victims of the pandemic. We recommend special attention to be given to localities on the east side of São Paulo, which has both the most vulnerable hospitals in the city, and also houses cemeteries and crematoriums that have a central role in the network and / or are vulnerable. Based on our optimization analysis, we suggest logistical changes in the current flow of bodies from hospitals to cemeteries/crematoriums so as not to overload the funeral system and minimize transportation costs. In this sense, our results are potentially useful for improving the operational planning of the Municipality of São Paulo, ratifying or rectifying actions underway at the municipal level.

Este é o primeiro relatório do Observatório COVID19 - Grupo: Redes de Contágio analisando os dados de óbitos da cidade de São Paulo. Neste relatório, integramos os dados de óbitos da cidade de São Paulo entre os dias 02/04/2020 e 28/04/2020 com informações sobre o fluxo de vítimas entre os hospitais e os cemitérios e crematórios da cidade de São Paulo. Incluímos em nossas análises óbitos confirmados e óbitos suspeitos de COVID-19. Os principais objetivos deste relatório são: (1) descrever a estrutura do fluxo de vítimas entre localidades e (2) sugerir mudanças no fluxo com base em distâncias geográficas de maneira a evitar uma potencial sobrecarga do sistema funerário. Sugere-se à prefeitura da cidade de São Paulo que seja realizado um planejamento para uma potencial sobrecarga do sistema funerário (isto é, número de sepultamentos) da cidade de São Paulo com base nos resultados apresentados. Desta forma, nossos resultados reforçam a necessidade de ser adotado planejamento específico para a gestão dos casos extraordinários visualizados no contexto da pandemia. Esta previsão está baseada na análise estrutural da rede de fluxos de vítimas da COVID-19, que indica a concentração de vários locais com alta vulnerabilidade à sobrecarga do sistema. Tais locais concentram a maior quantidade de óbitos (hospitais) ou a maior concentração de sepultamentos (cemitérios ou crematórios) e tem portanto alto potencial de tornarem-se sobrecarregados por receberem muitos corpos devido ao aumento de vítimas da pandemia. Recomenda-se especial atenção à localidades da zona leste de São Paulo, que apresenta os hospitais mais vulneráveis da cidade e abriga cemitérios e crematórios que possuem papel central na rede e/ou encontram-se vulneráveis. Com base em nossa análise de otimização, sugerimos mudanças logísticas no atual fluxo de corpos de hospitais para cemitérios/crematórios de modo a não sobrecarregar o sistema funerário e minimizar os custos de transporte. Neste sentido, nossos resultados são potencialmente úteis ao aperfeiçoamento do planejamento operacional da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo, ratificando ou retificando ações em curso no âmbito municipal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.381

10.

DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND QUANTITATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS BY HPLC IN ACCESSION OF Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum
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Assis, Maria Lucy de

; Gomes, Marco Antônio G. B.

; Cruz, Larissa L. da

; Passos, Michel de S.

; Pereira, Silvia M. F.

; Arantes, Mariana B. S.

; Oliveira, Daniela B.

; Vieira, Ivo J. C.

Química Nova

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jan 2019, Volume 42 N. 1 Pages 17 - 21

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The need to increase the product’s shelf life and the growing concern to minimize the use of synthetic products encouraged the researchers to evaluate the antioxidant activity and quantify phenolic compounds as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, quercetin and apigenin through the use of HPLC, in 29 accesses of Capsicum baccatum. Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum is one species of the Capsicum genus widely consumed in Brazil. It is the second largest pepper produced in the world. However, its chemical composition and mainly its extract antioxidant activity have been poorly reported in literature. In order to deepen the study of the access properties relating the antioxidant activity versus content of phenolic compounds. It is suggested that the BRS, 1643a, 1611 and 1613, accession could be used as natural antioxidants in the food industry.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170294 668 downloads

11.

Design of Novel N-Myristoyltransferase Inhibitors of Leishmania donovani Using Four-Dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis
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Santos-Garcia, Letícia

; Silva, Daniela R.

; Assis, Letícia C.

; Assis, Tamiris M. de

; Gajo, Giovanna C.

; Fernandes, Ítalo Antônio

; Ramalho, Teodorico C.

; Cunha, Elaine F. F. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2018, Volume 29 N. 7 Pages 1440 - 1454

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

N-Myristoylation protein is catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferase (NMT), an essential target in Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of kala-azar. Four-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (4D-QSAR) analysis was applied to a series of 77 Leishmania donovani NMT inhibitors. Then, three new compounds were proposed using QSAR models. In addition, molecular docking was performed to predict the binding affinities and interaction modes among the proposed compounds and the NMT active site. In silico absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) evaluation was performed and potential inhibitors demonstrated satisfactory pharmacokinetic properties.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180007 463 downloads

12.

FUNGOS MICORRÍZICOS ARBUSCULARES NO CRESCIMENTO E NA NUTRIÇÃO MINERAL DE MUDAS DE Tectona grandis L. F.
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Rodrigues, Luciana Aparecida

; Barroso, Deborah Guerra

; Fiqueiredo, Fábio Afonso M. M. de Assis

Ciência Florestal

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mar 2018, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 25 - 34

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Associações simbióticas de espécies arbóreas com fungos micorrízicos podem proporcionar o maior crescimento e nutrição das mudas, sendo alternativas importantes para o estabelecimento no campo, principalmente em áreas com restrições edáficas ou para espécies com alta exigência nutricional. No Brasil, o cultivo de Tectona grandis (teca) tem sido realizado em regiões do cerrado, em solos de baixa fertilidade. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da inoculação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs) sobre o crescimento e nutrição mineral de mudas de teca. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento em blocos casualizados (seis blocos), com quatro tratamentos: 1) Testemunha (sem inoculação de fungos micorrízicos); 2) Inoculação com Rhizophagus clarus; 3) Inóculo de FMAs obtido de plantio de teca no Mato Grosso (inóculo MT) com vinte anos; e 4) Inóculo de FMAs nativos de cava de extração de argila de Campos dos Goytacazes (inóculo de Campos). As plântulas foram inoculadas e cultivadas em vasos de 6 dm3, por 135 dias, e foram avaliadas quanto à altura e ao diâmetro da base do caule. Amostras de raízes foram coletadas para avaliação da porcentagem de colonização com FMAs. As raízes e a parte aérea foram secas, separadamente, em estufa de circulação forçada de ar (a 650C por 72 horas) e em seguida determinada a massa seca e teores de P, K e S. A inoculação com fungos micorrízicos, principalmente o isolado de Rhizophagus clarus e o inóculo de Campos, proporcionou maior crescimento e maior aquisição em relação a K e S das mudas de teca. A inoculação com os fungos micorrízicos proporcionou maior eficiência de utilização de nutrientes.

ABSTRACT Symbiotic associations between tree species and mycorrhizal fungi may lead to better growth and nutrition of seedlings and so it becomes an important alternative to the establishment in the field, mainly in edaphic restriction areas, or to species of high nutritional demands. The cultivation of Tectona grandis (teca) in Brazil has been conducted in Cerrado areas with low fertility soils. The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on the growth and mineral nutrition of teca seedlings. The experiment was performed in randomized blocks (six blocks), with four repetitions: 1) witness (inoculation-free mycorrhizal fungi); 2) inoculation with Rhizophagus clarus; 3) native AMF inoculum from twenty-year old teca cultivation in Mato Grosso state (MT inoculum); and 4) native AMF inoculum from clay extraction in Campos do Goytacazes (Campos inoculum). The plantlets were inoculated and cultivated in 6 dm³ pots for 135 days and assessed for stem hight and diameter of the stem base. Root samples were collected in order to assess the percentage of AMF colonization. The roots and the aerial part were dried, separately, in a forced air circulation oven at 65°C for 72 hours. Subsequently, the dry weight and the content of P, K AND S were determined. The mycorrhizal fungi inoculation, mainly the Rhizophagus clarus isolate and the Campos inoculum, has promoted better growth and K and S acquisition by teca seedlings. The inoculation using mycorrhizal fungi allowed greater nutrient use efficiency.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509831572 1261 downloads

13.

Histological and Morphometric Characteristics of the Corneal Layer of Buffalo Hoof Capsules
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Assis, B. M.

; Vulcani, V. A.

; Sant'Ana, F. J. F.

; Silva, L. A. F.

; Lima, C. R. O.

; Santa Rita, R. M.

; Rabelo, R. E.

International Journal of Morphology

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dec 2017, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 1291 - 1297

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: This study aimed to evaluate the microstructure of the buffalo’s hoof capsule using hystomorphometry and computerized light microscopy. The length, thickness, gap and number of epidermal papillae and the morphology of the corneal tubules of the hoof were described in this paper. This study used 56 hoof capsules from hooves of 14 adults - age ranging from 24 to 60 months old - female buffaloes of the Jafarabadi breed; weighing around 650 kg. Fifty-six samples, 28 from thoracic limb and 28 from pelvic limbs, were analyzed, resulting in a total of 112 digits. Clinical specimens were collected at the coronary corium, laminar corium of the abaxial wall and pre-bulbar soles. The study concluded that the microstructure of the hoof capsule of buffalo hooves are made of epidermal papillae measuring 1,721.59 mm of length, 62.94 mm of thickness and 49.02 mm of gap between the papillae. This study determines that the coronary corium has more epidermal papillae than the laminar corium of the abaxial wall and pre-bulbar soles. The corneal tubules of the hoof capsules exhibit helical fashion and points to the possibility of applying this feature to the hooves of the biungulate species as well. In this research, we have been able to determine morphological parameters not yet described in scientific literature. These findings can be used in future comparative studies of healthy cattle and buffaloes and speculate evidence about the hooves’ vulnerability facing different hoof diseases.

RESUMEN: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la microestructura de la cápsula del casco del búfalo mediante histomorfometría y microscopía óptica computarizada. Se describe la longitud, el espesor, el espacio y el número de papilas epidérmicas y la morfología de los túbulos corneales del casco. Utilizamos 56 cápsulas de cascos de 14 hembras adultas entre 24 a 60 meses de edad de la raza Jafarabadi, cuyo peso aproximado era de 650 kg. Analizamos 56 cascos, 28 del miembro torácico y 28 del miembro pélvico, con un total de 112 dedos. Se recogieron especímenes clínicos en el corion coronario, corion laminar de la pared abaxial y suelas pre-bulbares. Concluimos que la microestructura de la cápsula de los cascos de los búfalos está formada por papilas epidérmicas de 1.721,59 mm de longitud, 62,94 mm de espesor y 49,02 mm de espacio entre papilas. Se determinó que el corion coronario tiene más papilas epidérmicas que el corion laminar de la pared axial y las suelas pre-bulbares. Los túbulos córneos de las cápsulas de casco presentan una forma helicoidal y existe la posibilidad de que esta característica también se aplique a las pezuñas de otras especies de animales biungulados. También se determinaron algunos parámetros morfológicos no descritos en la literatura científica. Estos hallazgos pueden ser útiles en estudios comparativos de ganado bovino y bubalino saludable y en consideración de la ‘vulnerabilidad’ frente a diferentes enfermedades del casco.

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14.

Association of morphological and water factors with irrigated forage cactus yield
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Barbosa, Marcela L.

; Silva, Thieres G. F. da

; Zolnier, Sérgio

; Silva, Servulo M. S. e

; Morais, José E. F. de

; Assis, Mery C. de S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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sep 2017, Volume 21 N. 9 Pages 600 - 605

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, compreender a relação de características morfológicas e da evapotranspiração real de clones de palma forrageira com sua capacidade produtiva em diferentes regimes hídricos. Os dados usados nesta pesquisa foram coletados entre os anos de 2012 e 2013, em Serra Talhada, PE. Os clones IPA Sertânia - IPA, Miúda - MIU e Orelha de Elefante Mexicana - OEM foram submetidos a três lâminas (2,5; 5,0; e 7,5 mm) e três intervalos de irrigação (7; 14 e 28 dias). Dados morfológicos dos cladódios e da planta, evapotranspiração real acumulada e desempenho produtivo foram obtidos na ocasião da colheita. A matriz de correlação de Pearson foi elaborada e, em seguida, foram aplicadas análises de multicolinearidade, canônica e de trilha. Não houve correlação da produtividade com o suprimento de água e evapotranspiração real dos clones (p > 0,05). A produtividade da palma esteve mais associada a peculiaridades das características morfológicas dos seus clones do que aos diferentes suprimentos de água no solo ou à evapotranspiração real da cultura. Mas, independente do regime hídrico e do clone, o vigor do cladódio basal foi bastante decisivo para a expressão da capacidade produtiva da palma forrageira irrigada.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the relationship of morphological characteristics and actual evapotranspiration of forage cactus clones with their productive capacity under different water regimes. The data used in this study were collected between the years 2012 and 2013, in Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco. The clones Sertânia IPA - IPA, Miúda - MIU and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana - OEM were submitted to three irrigation depths (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mm) and three irrigation intervals (7, 14 and 28 days). Cladode and plant morphology, accumulated actual evapotranspiration and yield were obtained at the moment of harvest. Pearson’s correlation matrix was elaborated and, in the sequence, multicollinearity, canonical and path analysis were applied. There was no correlation of yield with the soil water supply and actual evapotranspiration of the clones (p > 0.05). Forage cactus yield was more associated with peculiarities of the morphological characteristics of the clones than with the different soil water supplies or the crop actual evapotranspiration. However, regardless of the water regime and clone, the vigor of the basal cladodes was highly decisive for the expression of the forage cactus productive capacity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n9p600-605 1358 downloads

15.

3rd Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology
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Gualandro, Danielle Menosi

; Yu, Pai Ching

; Caramelli, Bruno

; Marques, André Coelho

; Calderaro, Daniela

; Fornari, Luciana Savoy

; Pinho, Claudio

; Feitosa, Alina Coutinho Rodrigues

; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Jardim, Carlos

; Vieira, Carolina L. Z.

; Nakamura, Debora Y. M.

; Iezzi, Denise

; Schreen, Dirk

; Adam, Eduardo Leal

; D’Amico, Elbio Antonio

; Lima, Emerson Q. de

; Burdmann, Emmanuel de Almeida

; Mateo, Enrique Indalecio Pachón

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana Goulart

; Machado, Fabio S.

; Paula, Flavio J. de

; Carmo, Gabriel Assis Lopes do

; Feitosa-Filho, Gilson Soares

; Prado, Gustavo Faibischew

; Lopes, Heno Ferreira

; Fernandes, João R. C.

; Lima, José J. G. de

; Sacilotto, Luciana

; Drager, Luciano Ferreira

; Vacanti, Luciano Janussi

; Rohde, Luis Eduardo Paim

; Prada, Luis F. L.

; Gowdak, Luis Henrique Wolff

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Monachini, Maristela Camargo

; Macatrão-Costa, Milena Frota

; Paixão, Milena Ribeiro

; Oliveira Junior, Mucio Tavares de

; Cury, Patricia

; Villaça, Paula R.

; Farsky, Pedro Silvio

; Siciliano, Rinaldo F.

; Heinisch, Roberto Henrique

; Souza, Rogerio

; Gualandro, Sandra F.M.

; Accorsi, Tarso Augusto Duenhas

; Mathias Júnior, Wilson

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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sep 2017, Volume 109 N. 3 Pages 1 - 104

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170140 100302 downloads

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