ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Gastric neuroendocrine tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that produce bioactive substances. Their treatment varies according to staging and classification, using endoscopic techniques, open surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and drugs analogous to somatostatin. AIMS: To identify and review cases of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasia submitted to surgical treatment. METHODS: Review of surgically treated patients from 1983 to 2018. RESULTS: Fifteen patients were included, predominantly female (73.33%), with a mean age of 55.93 years. The most common symptom was epigastric pain (93.3%), and the mean time of symptom onset was 10.07 months. The preoperative upper digestive endoscopy (UDE) indicated a predominance of cases with 0 to 1 lesion (60%), sizing ≥1.5 cm (40%), located in the gastric antrum (53.33%), with ulceration (60%), and Borrmann III (33.33%) classification. The assessment of the surgical specimen indicated a predominance of invasive neuroendocrine tumors (60%), with angiolymphatic invasion in most cases (80%). Immunohistochemistry for chromogranin A was positive in 60% of cases and for synaptophysin in 66.7%, with a predominant Ki-67 index between 0 and 2%. Metastasis was observed in 20% of patients. The surgical procedure most performed was subtotal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction (53.3%). Tumor recurrence occurred in 20% of cases and a new treatment was required in 26.67%. CONCLUSIONS: Gastric neuroendocrine tumors have a low incidence in the general population, and surgical treatment is indicated for advanced lesions. The study of its management gains importance in view of the specificities of each case and the need for adequate conduct to prevent recurrences and complications.

RESUMO RACIONAL: Os tumores neuroendócrinos gástricos são um grupo heterogêneo de neoplasias produtoras de substâncias bioativas, sendo o seu tratamento variável de acordo com o estadiamento e a classificação, sendo utilizadas técnicas endoscópicas, cirurgias abertas, quimioterapia, radioterapia e fármacos análogos da somatostatina. OBJETIVOS: Identificar e revisar os casos de neoplasia neuroendócrina gástrica submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Revisão os doentes tratados cirurgicamente de 1983 e 2018. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 15 pacientes, com predomínio do sexo feminino (73,33%) e média de idade de 55,93 anos. O sintoma mais comum foi a epigastralgia (93,3%) e o tempo médio do início dos sintomas foi de 10,07 meses. A endoscopia digestiva pré-operatória indicou predomínio de casos com 0 a 1 lesões (60%), de tamanho ≥ 1,5 cm (40%), localizadas em antro gástrico (53,33%), com ulceração (60%), Borrmann 3 (33,33%). A avaliação da peça cirúrgica indicou um predomínio de tumores neuroendócrinos invasivos (60%), com invasão angiolinfática na maioria dos casos (80%). A imuno-histoquímica para cromogranina A foi positiva em 60% dos casos e para sinaptofisina em 66,7%, com índice de Ki-67 predominante entre 0 e 2%. Metástases foram observadas em 20% dos casos. O procedimento cirúrgico mais utilizado foi a gastrectomia subtotal com reconstrução em Y de Roux (53,3%). Recidiva tumoral ocorreu em 20% dos casos e novo tratamento foi necessário em 26,67% dos casos. CONCLUSÕES: Os tumores neuroendócrinos gástricos apresentam baixa incidência na população em geral, e o tratamento cirúrgico está indicado nas lesões avançadas. O estudo de seu manejo ganha importância frente às especificidades de cada caso e a necessidade de conduta adequada para a prevenção de recidivas e complicações.

ABSTRACT: We described the clinical and anatomopathological findings observed in a case of nasal leiomyosarcoma in a five-year-old male Quarter Mile horse, whose main complaints were decreased sports performance and bilateral purulent nasal discharge. The nodule was observed in the nasal cavity, obstructing the left nostril and associated with purulent drainage. The nodule was of irregular shape and yellow color, measuring 19.4 cm × 6.9 cm × 4.3 cm in size, with coalescent multifocal areas that were brownish, friable, opaque, and fetid. When cut, the surface was compact, grayish-white, and smooth with yellow, friable, irregular multifocal areas, measuring 1-3.2 cm in diameter. Histopathological examination showed spindle-shaped neoplastic cells, which was negative on Masson’s trichromic stain. A diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was established based on the morphotintorial aspects of neoplastic cells and confirmed through immunohistochemistry, with positive immunostaining for antibodies 1A4, HHF35, desmin, and S100. Leiomyosarcoma primarily affects the nasal cavity of horses and should be included in the differential diagnosis of diseases that affect the nasal cavity and cause nasal obstruction associated with dyspnea.

RESUMO: Descreve-se os achados clínicos e anatomopatológicos observados em um caso de leiomiossarcoma nasal em um equino, Quarto de Milha, macho, de cinco anos de idade, com queixa principal de diminuição do rendimento esportivo e secreção nasal purulenta bilateral. Na cavidade nasal, observou-se um nódulo obstruindo a narina esquerda associada à secreção purulenta. O nódulo era de superfície irregular, amarelada, brilhante, fibroelástica, medindo 19,4 x 6,9 x 4,3cm de tamanho, com áreas multifocais a coalescente acastanhadas, friáveis, opacas e fétidas. Ao corte, a superfície era compacta, branco-acinzentada e lisa com áreas multifocais amarelas, friáveis e irregulares, medindo 1-3,2 cm de diâmetro. No exame histopatológico foi observado proliferação de células neoplásicas fusiformes, que foram negativas na coloração de Tricrômico de Masson. O diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma foi estabelecido com base nos aspectos morfotintoriais das células neoplásicas e confirmado através da imuno-histoquímica, no qual houve imunomarcação positiva para os anticorpos 1A4, HHF35, Desmina e S100. O leiomiossarcoma pode afetar primariamente a cavidade nasal de equinos, devendo ser incluído no diagnóstico diferencial de doenças que afetam a cavidade nasal e que provocam quadros de obstrução nasal associado a dispneia.

Abstract Capybaras are the primary hosts of Amblyomma sculptum tick, vectors of Rickettsia rickettsia bacteria, and the zoonotic agent of Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF). In this context, contraceptive methods have been suggested for population control in order to reduce the number of free-ranging capybaras cohabiting with humans in urban and rural areas and acting as disease amplifiers. To maintain the group's expected behavior and social hierarchy, sterilization techniques that preserve the gonads are recommended. On 126 female capybaras in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, a new surgical technique named “Passos Nunes” uterine horn ligature was performed after adequate general anesthesia. It achieved effective surgical sterilization, with an incision length of about 3 cm in the periumbilical linea alba, cranial to the pubis. After entering the abdominal cavity, the urinary bladder is pulled laterally to access the uterine horns and the cervix. The uterine horn is folded up, forming a strap; the distal portion of the strap is ligated and its distal end sectioned. The exact process is performed on the opposite horn. After the surgical procedure, the musculature is sutured in a sultan pattern and the subcutaneous tissue with a horizontal mattress pattern. The skin is sutured in a separate simple format, using nylon 2.0 for all steps. The wide exposure of the uterine horns facilitates the confirmation of pregnancy, allowing the surgeon to choose between salpingo hysterectomy or ligature of the uterine horns. The present study presents a new technique of surgical sterilization that can be used in female free-ranging mammals in which maintenance of the gonads is recommended, and births of offspring should not occur.

SUMMARY: Mini-cutting is the most common commercially used clonal propagation method in Brazil. However, several environmental interferences can impact this process, hindering the production of propagules. Mini-tunnel have been used to overcome these difficulties, allowing for an increase in the productivity of mini-stumps and the rooting of mini-cuttings. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mini-tunnel models on the mini-stump productivity of two hybrid eucalyptus clones over two seasons. The study was conducted in the seedling nursery of a forestry company located in Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Three models of the mini-tunnel were used: mini-tunnel 35 cm, 55 cm, 55 cm tubular, and without cover (control) over two seasons (cold and hot). The total and effective productivity of mini-cuttings were evaluated and the levels of chlorophyll A and B, total chlorophyll, height, leaf area, and dry matter of the mini-cuttings were determined. Together, season and use of the mini-tunnel influenced the productivity of the mini-cuttings of both clones. Use of the mini-tunnel resulted in high productivity, especially in the cold period. Mini-cuttings produced during the hot season showed greater growth, dry matter, and leaf area than those collected during the cold season. The use of mini-tunnels is an effective method to increase the productivity of clonal eucalyptus mini-gardens, as shown here by its overall positive influence on mini-cuttings of both genotypes.

RESUMEN: El miniestaca es el método de propagación clonal más utilizado comercialmente en Brasil. Sin embargo, este proceso sufre varias interferencias ambientales que pueden dificultar la producción de propágulos. Los mini túneles se han utilizado para superar estas dificultades, permitiendo también un aumento de la productividad de las minicepas y el enraizamiento de las miniestacas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de los modelos de mini túneles sobre la productividad de minicepas de dos clones híbridos de eucalipto, en dos temporadas. El estudio se realizó en el vivero de plántulas de una empresa forestal ubicada en Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Se utilizaron tres modelos de mini túneles: mini túnel de 35 cm, 55 cm, tubular de 55 cm y sin cobertura (control), en dos temporadas (frío y calor). Se evaluó la productividad total y efectiva de miniestacas y se determinaron los niveles de clorofila A y B, clorofila total, altura, área foliar y masa seca de las miniestacas. La temporada y el uso del mini túnel, en conjunto, influyeron en la productividad de las miniestacas de ambos clones. El uso del mini túnel resultó en una alta productividad, especialmente en el período frío. Las miniestacas producidos en la estación cálida mostraron mayor crecimiento, materia seca y área foliar, que los recolectados en la estación fría. El uso del mini túnel es un método eficaz para aumentar la productividad de los minihuertos clonales de eucalipto, como lo demuestra aquí su influencia positiva general sobre las miniestacas de ambos genotipos.

Resumo As fêmeas de Oncideres anelam galhos de árvores da família Fabaceae, interrompendo o fluxo de seiva, tornando a madeira ideal para o desenvolvimento de suas larvas. A casca de Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville uma espécie nativa do cerrado brasileiro, é amplamente utilizada na medicina tradicional. Os objetivos foram relatar, pela primeira vez, Oncideres saga (Dalman), usando S. adstringens como hospedeiro e descrever o padrão dos galhos anelados e a distribuição das posturas desse inseto. O diâmetro na base e o comprimento dos galhos anelados foram medidos e o número de incisões feitas pelas fêmeas por seção do galho (basal, mediana e apical) quantificados. Os espécimes emergidos foram contados e o diâmetro dos orifícios de emergência medidos. O diâmetro médio, dos galhos anelados, na base foi de 2,58 ± 0,16 cm e o comprimento de 90,6 ± 4,6 cm. O número médio de posturas por galho foi 37,7 ± 2,7. Danos por O. saga podem reduzir o crescimento e causar perdas em S. adstringens, árvore com grande potencial extrativista.

Abstract Oncideres females girdle tree branches of the Fabaceae family, interrupting the sap flow and turning the wood conditions ideal for their larvae development. The bark of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville, a species native to the Brazilian Cerrado, is widely used in the traditional medicine. The objectives were to report, for the first time, Oncideres saga (Dalman), using S. adstringens as a host and to describe the pattern of branch girdling and oviposition distribution by this insect on these branches. The diameter at the base and the length of the girdled branches were measured and the number of incisions made by the O. saga females to oviposit, per branch section (basal, median and apical), counted. The emerged specimens were counted and the diameter of the exit holes measured. The average diameter at the base of the girdled branches was 2.5 ± 0.16 cm and the length was 90.6 ± 4.6 cm. The average number of incisions per branch was 37.7 ± 2.7. Damage by O. saga can reduce the growth and cause losses on S. adstringens, a tree with great extractivism potential.,

Resumo A produção e decomposição da serapilheira é importante no funcionamento e na dinâmica de um ecossistema florestal, associando variáveis climatológicas à biomassa. Com isso, investigou-se o estoque de serapilheira em função da sozanalidade dos elementos do clima em uma floresta sucessional na Amazônia oriental. O estudo foi conduzido em uma floresta sucessional, na Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB), Pará. No ecossistema foi realizada uma amostragem aleatória em três transectos alocados ao longo da perpendicular da linha de borda de 50 m. A análise do efeito da sazonalidade dos elementos do clima nas propriedades físicas (volume, espessura, densidade e massa seca) e no carbono da serapilheira foram realizadas utilizando o teste t student e ANOVA do teste F a 5 % de significância. A precipitação (495,2±125 mm e 109,8±60 mm) e a umidade relativa do ar (89,0±1,7 % e 79,6±2,8 %) apresentaram diferença estatística na sazonalidade (p<0,05), diferente da temperatura (27,1±0,2 ºC e 27,6±0,3 ºC) que não houve diferença. As variáveis da serapilheira não foram influenciadas pela sazonalidade dos elementos do clima e não diferiram estatisticamente entre os períodos chuvoso e menos chuvoso, respectivamente: quantidade de serapilheira acumulada (16,46±4,17 Mg ha-1 e 13,91±7,61 Mg ha-1), estoque de carbono da serapilheira (7,9±2,0 Mg ha-1 e 6,6 ± 3,61 Mg ha-1), volume (26,21±0,92 cm3 e 24,88±0,92 cm3), espessura (4,19±0,92 cm e 3,99±0,95 cm) e densidade (0,041±0,92 g/cm3 e 0,034±0,92 g/cm3). A sazonalidade dos elementos do clima não apresentou variação considerável a ponto de alterar as propriedades físicas e o carbono da serapilheira.

Abstract The production and decomposition of litter is important in the functioning and dynamic of a forest ecosystem, associating climatological variables to biomass. With that, the litter stock was investigated due to the seasonality of the climate in a successional forest in eastern Amazon. The study was conducted in a successional forest, in the metropolitan region of Belém (RMB), Pará. In the ecosystem, a random sampling was performed in three transects located along the perpendicular of the 50m border line. The analysis of the effect of the seasonality of the elements of the climate on the litter physical properties (volume, thickness, density and dry mass) and carbon content were carried out using the t Student test and ANOVA of the F test at 5 % significance level. Precipitation (495.2 ± 125 mm and 109.8 ± 60 mm) and relative humidity (89.0 ± 1.7 % and 79.6 ± 2.8 %) showed a statistical difference in seasonality (p<0.05), different from the temperature (27.1 ± 0.2 ºC and 27.6 ± 0.3 ºC), there was no difference. The litter variables were not influenced by the seasonality of the elements of the climate and did not differ statistically between the rainy and less rainy periods, respectively: amount of accumulated litter (16.46 ± 4.17 Mg.ha-1 and 13.91 ± 7.61 Mg.ha-1), litter carbon stock (7.9 ± 2, 0 Mg.ha-1 and 6.6 ± 3.61 Mg.ha-1), volume (26.21 ± 0.92cm3 and 24.88 ± 0.92 cm3), thickness (4.19 ± 0.92 cm and 3.99 ± 0.95 cm) and density (0.041 ± 0.92 g/cm3 and 0.034 ± 0.92 g/cm3). The seasonality of the elements of the climate did not show considerable variation to the point of altering the litter physical properties and carbon content.

Resumen La hoja del jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus) es la parte de la planta de interés económico de la cual se extrae la pilocarpina, por lo que la producción de hojas es la principal variable que determina la productividad de esa especie. La producción de hojas del Pilocarpus puede ser manejada por medio de la poda de sus ramas durante su fase de desarrollo. Con base en esto, el objetivo del trabajo es evaluar la regeneración de ramas de jaborandi sometidas a dos tipos de cortes y bajo sistemas de cultivos diferentes. En este experimento se realizaron podas en plantas de jaborandi, provenientes de diferentes accesos del Banco Activo de Germoplasma (Bag) de jaborandi, que estaban bajo diferentes sistemas de cultivos, a pleno sol y sombra. Con el auxilio de tijera de poda, se realizaron cortes a la altura de 10 y 20 cm de distancia de las bifurcaciones de las ramas en plantas de jaborandi. Los resultados mostraron que independiente de las distancias de los cortes realizados, las podas beneficiaron el surgimiento de nuevas brotaciones, logrando anticipar la cosecha e influir en la producción de hojas sin perjudicar el desarrollo de la planta. La poda drástica realizada en la especie Pilocarpus microphyllus estimula una regeneración eficiente sin dañar la planta proporcionando mayor producción de hojas independiente de la dirección de la poda realizada en el arbusto. Se observa que el cultivo del jaborandi se vuelve más productivo cuando se cultiva a pleno sol independiente del germoplasma utilizado y la cosecha de las hojas puede ser realizada durante todos los meses del año.

Abstract The leaf of the jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus) is the part of the plant of economic interest, from which the pilocarpine is extracted, therefore, leaf production is the main variable that determines the productivity of this species. Pilocarpus leaf production can be managed during its development phase. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate branch regeneration of jaborandi submitted to two types of cutting/pruning and different cropping systems. Prunings were carried out in jaborandi plants from different accessions from the Janorandi Active Germoplasm Bank (BGA), that were under different cropping systems, full sun and shade. With pruning shears, cuts were made 10 and 20 cm from the branch bifurcations. The results showed that regardless of the distances of the cuts in the jaborandi plants, the prunings benefited new shoots production and the harvest and influence on leaf production could be anticipated without harming the plant's development. The drastic pruning performed on the species also stimulated efficient regeneration without damaging the plant, resulting in bigger leaf production, regardless of the pruning direction. It was also observed that jaborandi cultivation becomes more productive when it is grown under full sun regardless of the germplasm used, and the leaves can be harvested in all the months of the year.

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) no enraizamento de miniestacas caulinar e foliar de Khaya grandifoliola (Meliaceae), conhecida popularmente como mogno-africano. Foram utilizadas minicepas obtidas a partir de mudas de origem seminal. As miniestacas caulinares e foliares apresentavam comprimento de 4 e 8 cm respectivamente, com área foliar reduzida a 75%. As bases das miniestacas foram imersas em quatro concentrações de AIB (0, 500, 1000 e 2000 mg L-1) por 20 segundos. Os experimentos foram instalados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos, três repetições e doze miniestacas por repetição. Logo depois do estaqueamento, as miniestacas foram mantidas em casa de vegetação por 90 dias. Após esse período, para as miniestacas foliares foram avaliados a porcentagem de enraizamento e o número de raízes, já para as miniestacas caulinares, analisaram-se apenas seis miniestacas por repetição, avaliando a porcentagem de sobrevivência e enraizamento. As miniestacas caulinares restantes foram transferidas para casa de sombra, onde permaneceram por mais 30 dias, e posteriormente (120 dias após o estaqueamento) avaliaram-se porcentagem de sobrevivência e enraizamento, altura, diâmetro do coleto, e massa seca da parte aérea e raízes. As miniestacas foliares não foram consideradas adequadas para a propagação do mogno-africano, uma vez que não houve desenvolvimento da parte aérea. Para as miniestacas caulinares, a concentração de 2000 mg L-1 de AIB foi a que apresentou a maior taxa de enraizamento (72%), sendo recomendada para a propagação vegetativa por miniestaquia da espécie.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) on rooting of stem and leaf minicuttings of Khaya grandifoliola (Meliaceae), popularly known as African mahogany. Mini-stumps used were obtained from seminal origin seedlings. The minicuttings stem and leaf had length of 4 and 8 cm, respectively, with the leaf area reduced to 75%. The bases of the minicuttings were immersed in four concentrations of IBA (0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg L-1) for 20 seconds. The experiments were installed in a completely randomized design with four treatments, three replicates and twelve minicuttings per replicate. Shortly after staking, the minicuttings were kept in a greenhouse for 90 days. After this period, for leaf minicuttings the percentage of rooting and the number of roots were evaluated, already stem minicuttings, only six minicuttings were analyzed per repetition, evaluating the percentage of survival and rooting. The remaining stem cuttings were transferred to the shade house, where they remained for 30 days and posteriorly (120 days after staking) the percentage of survival and rooting, height, diameter of the collection, and dry mass of the aerial part and roots were evaluated. Leaf minicuttings were not considered suitable for the propagation of the African mahogany, since there was no development of the aerial part. For stem cuttings, the concentration of 2000 mg L-1 of IBA was the one with the highest rooting rate (72%), is recommended for the vegetative propagation by minicuttings of the species.

RESUMO Nas últimas décadas, têm-se observado o crescimento da demanda de água e o agravamento dos cenários de escassez hídrica, bem como a ampliação de alternativas de reuso de água de efluentes de qualidade inferior, em particular de esgotos domésticos tratados. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a influência do substrato de pó de coco no controle de transporte de solutos em solos irrigados com esgoto tratado doméstico. A água residuária doméstica tratada provém da Unidade Experimental de Tratamento e Reúso Hidroagrícola, no distrito de Mutuca-PE. O delineamento experimental foi em esquema fatorial (2 × 3), cujos fatores avaliados compreenderam dois tipos de solos típicos da região (Neossolo Litólico e Argissolo Amarelo) e três tratamentos (sem pó de coco, 1 cm de pó de coco e 2 cm de pó de coco), com cinco repetições. Os parâmetros de transporte dos íons sódio e potássio foram obtidos por ajuste numérico, utilizando-se o modelo STANMOD. Constatou-se a existência de interação com soluto, sódio e potássio, em solo arenoso. O modelo STANMOD apresentou ótimo desempenho na simulação do transporte de solutos no solo. A cobertura de pó de coco mostrou-se eficiente na diminuição da lixiviação de íons em ambos os solos estudados.

ABSTRACT In the last decades, there has been an increase in the demand for water and the aggravation of water scarcity scenarios, as well as the expansion of water reuse alternatives for lower quality effluents, in particular treated domestic sewage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of coconut powder substrate on the control of solute transport in irrigated soils with treated sewage reuse. The treated domestic wastewater comes from the Experimental Unit for Treatment and Agricultural Reuse in the district of Mutuca, Pernambuco. The experimental design was in a factorial scheme (2 × 3), whose evaluated factors comprised two types of soils typical of the region (Leptosols and Yellow Argisol) and three treatments (no coconut powder, 1 cm coconut powder, and 2 cm coconut powder) with five replicates. The transport parameters of the sodium and potassium ions were obtained by numerical adjustment using the STANMOD model. It was found the existence of interaction with solute, sodium, and potassium in sandy soil. The STANMOD model presented excellent performance in the simulation of solute transport in the soil. Soil coverage with coconut powder was shown to be efficient in reducing leaching of ions in both studied soils.

Resumen Introducción: Rodolitos son estructuras biogénicas distribuidas en todo el mundo, formadas por varios tipos de algas calcáreas. Pueden albergar una gran diversidad de invertebrados marinos, entre los cuales los poliquetas son representantes conspicuos y diversificados. No obstante, los fondos de los rodolitos son vulnerables a varias actividades humanas (por ejemplo, la explotación de especies comerciales asociadas con rodolitos, exploración petrolera, actividades de pesca, descargas de efluentes y turismo), que pueden comprometer esa diversidad. El turismo está aumentando su impacto en los fondos de rodolitos. El calentamiento global y la acidificación de los océanos también son factores determinantes en el cambio de fauna. Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los conjuntos de poliquetos asociados con fondos de rodolitos sujetos a diferentes intensidades de presión turística en la playa de Seixas (Nordeste de Brasil), donde el turismo está aumentando gradualmente con el tiempo. Métodos: Los efectos fueron evaluados a dos profundidades, 1.5 m y 4.0 m. El muestreo se realizó cada dos meses durante 2015, abarcando las dos estaciones marcadas del año en la región (lluviosa y seca). Se colocaron cuadrantes de 15 x 15 cm en cada profundidad durante el muestreo. Se recolectaron todos los rodolitos presentes dentro del cuadrante (generalmente de four a five rodolitos). Nuestra hipótesis era que la mayor profundidad y las muestras de la estación seca estarían cada vez más sujetas al impacto del turismo. Resultados: En total, se encontraron 49 especies (de 21 familias diferentes) y se recolectó un total de 733 individuos. La especie más abundante fue Eunice wasinensis (280 individuos, 38.2 % de la abundancia total). La especie Eurythoe complanata, Eunice biannulata, E. wasinensis, Lysidice ninetta, Oxydromus pugettensis y Ceratonereis (Ceratonereis) singularis aparecieron en todos los meses. El estudio detectó una tendencia a mayor diversidad en la profundidad de 1,5 m para todos los índices, pero solo los valores de Shannon-Wiener fueron significativamente mayores allí (p < 0.05). No se encontraron diferencias con respecto a los meses. Conclusiones: Estos resultados sugieren que puede haber una mayor presión potencial debido al turismo a 4.0 m debido a actividades de embarcaciones más intensas (tráfico de catamaranes que transportan turistas hacia y desde los arrecifes) en esa área. Nuestros resultados aumentan nuestro conocimiento sobre la diversidad de poliquetos asociados con los fondos de rodolitos en áreas tropicales, y resaltan la necesidad de estudios de monitoreo para probar el impacto de los factores de estrés locales en estos conjuntos.

Abstract Introduction: Rhodoliths are biogenic structures distributed worldwide, formed by several types of calcareous algae. They may host a great diversity of marine invertebrates, among which polychaetes are conspicuous and diversified representatives. Rhodolith beds are notwithstanding vulnerable to several human activities (e.g. exploitation of commercial species associated with rhodoliths, petroleum exploration, fishing activities, effluent discharges, and tourism), which may compromise that diversity. Tourism is presently increasing its impact on rhodolith beds. Global warming and ocean acidification are also determinant factors in faunal change. Objective: to analyse the polychaete assemblages associated with rhodolith beds subject to different intensities of touristic pressure at Seixas Beach (NE Brazil), where tourism is gradually increasing over time. Methods: Effects were evaluated at two depths, 1.5 m and 4.0 m. Sampling was done every two months during 2015, encompassing the two marked seasons of the year in the region (rainy and dry). Quadrats of 15 x 15 cm were placed in each depth during sampling. All rhodoliths present within the quadrat were collected (usually four to five rhodoliths). Our hypothesis was that the deeper depth and the samples from the dry season months would be increasingly subject to the impact of tourism. Results: Overall, 49 species were found (from 21 different families), and a total of 733 individuals were collected. The most abundant species was Eunice wasinensis (280 individuals, 38.2% of total abundance). The species Eurythoe complanata, Eunice biannulata, E. wasinensis, Lysidice ninetta, Oxydromus pugettensis and Ceratonereis (Ceratonereis) singularis appeared in all months. The study detected a tendency for higher diversity to occur at the depth of 1.5 m for all indices, but only the Shannon-Wiener values were significantly higher there (p < 0.05). No clear differences were found regarding months or season. Conclusions: These results suggest that a higher potential pressure due to tourism may occur at 4.0 m due to more intense craft shipping activities (traffic of catamaran boats transporting tourists to and from the reefs) in that area.

RESUMO Objetivou-se, com o presente experimento, avaliar a produção de hastes porta-borbulha e a viabilidade de suas borbulhas nas variedades de laranjeira ‘Valência’ e ‘Pera’ em sistema hidropônico. Usou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, arranjado em esquema fatorial 2 x 3, sendo duas variedades copa foram às laranjeiras ‘Valência’ e ‘Pera’ enxertadas sob o limoeiro Cravo, e três sistemas de condução: haste única, duas e três hastes, com três repetições 10 plantas por parcela. Determinou-se o tempo transcorrido entre a poda de ramificação a 40 cm, e a primeira colheita de hastes porta-borbulha, bem como o tempo entre cada colheita, por 12 meses, mensurando-se ainda o número de borbulhas na porção mediana dos ramos, bem como a percentagem de borbulhas viáveis de cada sistema de condução, a qual foi determinada após realização de enxertia tipo T invertido em porta enxertos de limão ‘Cravo’ e a constatação do sucesso de tal operação. A produção de plantas borbulheiras de citros em sistema hidropônico é viável.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the production of budstocks and the viability of the buds of the ‘Valencia’ and ‘Pera’ orange tree varieties in a hydroponic system. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme. The two orange varieties were grafted onto the Rangpur lime tree with three leading systems (single stem, two stems, and three stems) and three replications of 10 plants per plot. The time that elapsed between pruning the stems at 40 cm and the first collection, as well as the time between each harvest were determined. The number of buds in the median part of the stems and percentage of viable buds in each leading system were also measured. This was determined after performing inverted T budding on the Rangpur lime tree rootstocks and verifying that the procedure was successful. The production of citrus plant budstocks is feasible in a hydroponic system.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar as características de imagem na tomografia computadorizada de pacientes admitidos com suspeita clínica de hemorragia adrenal aguda em três instituições, no período de três anos, e que tiveram o diagnóstico final confirmado. Materiais e Métodos: Análise retrospectiva da tomografia computadorizada de pacientes com suspeita de hemorragia adrenal aguda. Foram incluídos apenas os casos com confirmação diagnóstica. Foram excluídos os pacientes que apresentaram ruptura aórtica e hemorragia retroperitonial. As imagens foram analisadas por um radiologista experiente e dois residentes em radiologia. Resultados: Este estudo analisou seis casos de hemorragia adrenal unilateral, três deles na adrenal esquerda e três na adrenal direita. Todos apresentaram-se com massa arredondada ou oval, alterando a anatomia habitual da glândula. O diâmetro máximo foi 12,2 cm e os valores de atenuação variaram de 45 a 70 UH, não se observando realce nas fases contrastadas. Não foram observadas calcificações. Conclusão: As hemorragias adrenais são raras, porém, potencialmente fatais. O diagnóstico precoce é essencial, portanto, o reconhecimento das possíveis apresentações dessas lesões pelos radiologistas pode ajudar a evitar que pacientes evoluam com insuficiência da glândula e óbito.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the computed tomography characteristics of patients admitted with clinical suspicion of acute adrenal hemorrhage at three centers over a 3-year period and in whom that diagnosis was ultimately confirmed. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of computed tomography findings in patients with suspected acute adrenal hemorrhage. We included only those cases in which the diagnosis was confirmed. Patients with aortic rupture and retroperitoneal hemorrhage were excluded. The images were analyzed by an experienced radiologist and by two radiology residents. Results: Six cases of unilateral adrenal hemorrhage (three on the left and three on the right) were analyzed. On computed tomography, each appeared as a rounded, oval mass altering the usual anatomy of the adrenal gland. The maximum diameter was 12.2 cm, and attenuation ranged from 45 to 70 HU. There was no appreciable contrast enhancement. No calcifications were observed. Conclusion: Adrenal hemorrhage, albeit rare, is potentially fatal. Early diagnosis is essential. Therefore, recognition of the possible presentations of these lesions by radiologists may help prevent hemorrhage from progressing to adrenal insufficiency and death.

Resumo Estudos sobre a estrutura vegetacional de fragmentos florestais que consideram o uso pretérito do solo podem contribuir para subsidiar ações conservacionistas e de restauração florestal. A partir disso, objetivamos comparar três sítios de um fragmento florestal com distintas histórias de perturbação e verificar se os mesmos diferem entre si com relação ao estágio sucessional analisando atributos estruturais da vegetação arbórea e abundância de lianas. A área estudada localiza-se no município de Alegre-ES, em uma Floresta Estacional Semidecidual constituída por três sítios com diferentes históricos de uso do solo e idades de pousio que recuperaram-se de corte seletivo (CS), lavoura de café (CC) e pastagem (PA). Utilizamos parcelas (19) de área fixa (20 × 20 m) na amostragem, totalizando 0,76 ha. Os indivíduos arbóreos com DAP ≥ 5 cm e as lianas com DAP ≥ 1 cm foram amostrados. A análise da categoria sucessional demonstrou que os sítios CS e PA possuem estágio mais avançado de sucessão em relação à CC. A espécie de maior VI, síndromes de dispersão e lianas apontaram maior avanço sucessional do sítio PA, área com maior proteção aos efeitos de borda e antrópicos por estar localizada no interior do fragmento florestal. As demais análises não demonstraram diferença entre os três sítios.

Abstract To consider past land use on vegetative structure studies of forest fragments can contribute to conservation and forest restoration actions. From this we aim to compare three sites of a forest fragment with distinct anthropogenic disturbances and to verify if they differ on successional stage through analyses of structural traits (trees) and non-trees abundance (lianas) The studied area is located in the Alegre municipality, ES state, in a semideciduous seasonal forest matrix with different land use history composed of selective cutting (CS), coffee crop (CC) and pasture (PA). At each site, randomly plots were sample (19 total plots, 20 × 20 m each), totaling 0.76 ha. All tree individuals with DBH ≥ 5 cm and liana with DBH ≥ 1 cm were sampled. The successional category showed an advanced stage of succession in the CS and PA sites. The specie with higher VI, the dispersion syndromes and the abundance of lianas showed successional advanced stage only in the PA site, because is located inside the forest fragment providing greater protection from edge effects, and anthropogenic disturbances. The others analyses didn´t showed statistical differences between the three sites.

ABSTRACT Pomacentridae is a common family in the aquarium fish trade. Most species are harvested from nature. Here we evaluate the following water parameters in the pomacentrid sergeant major, Abudefduf saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758), to assess their stress level during a 24, 48, and 72 hours transport: dissolved oxygen (DO), total ammonia, and pH. In addition, we evaluated the following physiological parameters: plasma osmolality, muscle water content, blood glucose, and the enzyme activities of the branchial carbonic anhydrase (CA), the hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The mortality of fish measuring >6 cm total length was 22%, while no mortality was observed for fish measuring <6 cm. The pH of the water was significantly correlated with fish mortality, especially for the initial 24 hours of transport. Hypoxia after 24-48 hours also led to fish mortality, but build up ammonia was not a problem even after 72 hours. We suggest that a minimum water volume of 125 ml/g fish is necessary for safe and cost-effective transport of the sergeant major, preferably with <6 cm in total length.

Resumo O basquetebol é uma modalidade que impõe cargas fisiológicas importantes aos jogadores durante a competição. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar o efeito do treinamento com periodização ondulatória sobre as capacidades físicas de jovens atletas. Foram avaliadas as capacidades de força explosiva de membros inferiores, resistência aeróbia, força máxima de membros superiores e avaliação da frequência cardíaca de repouso (FCrep) nos momentos PRÉ e PÓS de 16 jovens basquetebolistas de um colégio militar, que foram submetidos a um período de 4 meses de treinamento. A carga interna de treinamento foi monitorada pelo método proposto por Carl Foster, em cada sessão de treinamento. Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes no VO2máx de 50,5±4,9 vs. 54,0±6,1 ml/kg/min (p<0,000), na impulsão vertical de 39,1±5,9 cm vs. 44,7±5,9 cm (p<0,000), no 10 RM no supino reto 40,4±9,4 vs. 48,0±8,9 kg (p<0,000) e na FCrep 66±4 vs. 60±5 bpm (p<0,000). A carga interna de treinamento média foi de 751±249 UA. Conclui-se que atletas escolares de basquetebol submetidos a um macrociclo de treinamento com periodização ondulatória de 4 meses melhoram as capacidades de força de membros inferiores e superiores, apresentando também adaptações positivas no condicionamento aeróbico.

Abstract Basketball is a sport modality that imposes important physiological loads on players during competition. The aim of the study was to verify the effect of training with wave periodization on the physical capacities of athletes. Explosive strength of lower limbs; aerobic resistance; maximum strength of upper limb; and resting heart rate (HRrest) at PRE and POST moments of 16 athletes submitted to a 4-month training period were evaluated. The internal training load was monitored by the method proposed by Carl Foster in each training session. Statistically significant differences were observed in VO2max of 50.5± 4.9 vs. 54.0± 6.1 ml/kg/min (p <0.000), in the vertical impulse of 39.1± 5.9 cm vs. 44.7± 5.9 cm (p <0.000), 10 RM on bench press 40.4± 9.4 vs. 48.0± 8.9 kg (p <0.000) and in HRrest 66± 4 vs. 60± 5 bpm (p <0.000). The average internal training load was 751± 249 AU. It was concluded that school basketball athletes submitted to training macrocycle with 4-month wave periodization improve the strength of lower and upper limbs, also presenting positive adaptations in aerobic conditioning.