RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a variabilidade espacial da mortalidade por câncer de mama e colo do útero e avaliar fatores associados à mortalidade por esses cânceres no município de São Paulo. Métodos: Entre 2009 e 2016 foram registrados, no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, 10.124 óbitos por câncer de mama e 2.116 óbitos por câncer do colo do útero em mulheres com 20 anos e mais. Os registros foram geocodificados por endereço de residência e agregados segundo território adstrito. Foram realizadas modelagens de regressão espacial utilizando-se a abordagem bayesiana com estrutura de Besag-York-Mollié para verificar a associação dos óbitos com indicadores selecionados. Resultados: As taxas de mortalidade por esses cânceres apresentaram padrões espaciais inversos. As variáveis associadas à mortalidade por câncer de mama foram: tempo de deslocamento para o trabalho entre uma e duas horas (risco relativo — RR 0,97; intervalo de credibilidade — IC95% 0,93–1,00); mulheres responsáveis pelo domicílio (RR 0,97; IC95% 0,94–0,99) e óbitos por câncer de mama ocorridos em estabelecimentos privados (RR 1,04; IC95% 1,00–1,07). À mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero, estiveram associados: tempo de deslocamento para o trabalho entre meia e uma hora (RR 0,92; IC95% 0,87–0,98); rendimento domiciliar até três salários-mínimos (RR 1,27; IC95% 1,18–1,37); e razão de menores de um ano em relação à população feminina de 15 a 49 anos (RR 1,09; IC95% 1,01–1,18). Conclusão: Foram calculados os RR preditos para a mortalidade por esses cânceres, que estiveram associados às condições socioeconômicas das áreas de abrangência.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify spatial variability of mortality from breast and cervical cancer and to assess factors associated in the city of São Paulo. Methods: Between 2009 and 2016, 10,124 deaths from breast cancer and 2,116 deaths from cervical cancer were recorded in the Mortality Information System among women aged 20 years and over. The records were geocoded by address of residence and grouped according to Primary Health Care coverage areas. A spatial regression modeling was put together using the Bayesian approach with a Besag-York-Mollié structure to verify the association of deaths with selected indicators. Results: Mortality rates from these types of cancer showed inverse spatial patterns. These variables were associated with breast cancer mortality: travel time between one and two hours to work (RR – relative risk: 0.97; 95%CI – credible interval: 0.93–1.00); women being the head of the household (RR 0.97; 95%CI 0.94–0.99) and deaths from breast cancer in private health institutions (RR 1.04; 95%CI 1.00–1.07). The following variables were associated with mortality from cervical cancer: travel time to work between half an hour and one hour (RR 0.92; 95%CI 0.87–0.98); per capita household income of up to 3 minimum wages (RR 1.27; 95%CI 1.18–1.37) and ratio of children under one year of age related to the female population aged 15 to 49 years (RR 1.09; 95%CI 1.01–1.18). Conclusion: The predicted RR for mortality from these cancers were calculated and associated with the socioeconomic conditions of the areas covered.

RESUMO O objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo e a exportação de nutrientes do consórcio de milho com gramíneas forrageiras tolerantes ao estresse hídrico. O experimento foi delineado em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2x2x2+1 (duas espécies de gramíneas forrageiras – Massai e Buffel; dois métodos de semeadura – no sulco e a lanço; e duas épocas de semeadura – antecipada e simultânea; e monocultivo de milho como um controle adicional), com três repetições. O consórcio milho+forragem promoveu maior competição por recursos, principalmente água, limitando a absorção de N, síntese de clorofila e produção de biomassa pelo milho para condições semiáridas. A semeadura precoce deu vantagem competitiva às plantas forrageiras, favorecendo seu estabelecimento antes ou imediatamente após a semeadura do milho. Assim, a semeadura simultânea de gramíneas forrageiras em ambiente semiárido é uma opção mais adequada, considerando a importância de garantir altos teores de clorofila e, consequentemente, alta atividade fotossintética nas plantas de milho para garantir a capacidade de síntese de biomassa.Massai consorciado com milho apresenta maior potencial para produção de biomassa do que Buffel em condições semiáridas.Milho+Buffel resulta em maior exportação de macronutrientes pelo milho, enquanto milho+Massai resulta em maior exportação de macronutrientes pela biomassa forrageira total em ambiente semiárido.A escolha da espécie forrageira e sua época de semeadura em relação ao milho são os principais determinantes do sucesso do consórcio no semiárido.

ABSTRACT The aim was to evaluate the productive performance and nutrient export of maize intercropped with drought-tolerant forage grasses. The experimental design was a randomized blocks in a 2x2x2+1 factorial scheme (two forage grasses species – Massai and Buffel; two forage sowing methods - in the furrow and broadcast; and two forage sowing times - anticipated and simultaneous; and monoculture maize as an additional control), with three replicates. The maize+forage intercropping promoted greater competition for resources, especially water, limiting N uptake, chlorophyll synthesis, and biomass production by maize under semiarid conditions. Early sowing gave forage plants a competitive advantage, favoring forage establishment before or immediately after the sowing of maize. Thus, the simultaneous sowing of forage grasses in a semiarid environment is a more appropriate option considering the importance of high levels of chlorophyll to ensure high photosynthetic activity in maize plants and greater capacity of biomass synthesis. Massai intercropped with maize exhibits a greaterpotential for biomass production than Buffel under semiarid conditions. Maize+Buffel result in highest macronutrient export by maize, while maize+Massai result in highest macronutrient exports by total forage biomass under a semiarid environment. The choice of the forage species and its sowing time in relation to maize are the main determinants of successful intercropping systems under semiarid conditions.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a variabilidade espacial da mortalidade por câncer de mama e colo do útero e avaliar fatores associados à mortalidade por esses cânceres no município de São Paulo. Métodos: Entre 2009 e 2016 foram registrados, no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, 10.124 óbitos por câncer de mama e 2.116 óbitos por câncer do colo do útero em mulheres com 20 anos e mais. Os registros foram geocodificados por endereço de residência e agregados segundo território adstrito. Foram realizadas modelagens de regressão espacial utilizando-se a abordagem bayesiana com estrutura de Besag-York-Mollié para verificar a associação dos óbitos com indicadores selecionados. Resultados: As taxas de mortalidade por esses cânceres apresentaram padrões espaciais inversos. As variáveis associadas à mortalidade por câncer de mama foram: tempo de deslocamento para o trabalho entre uma e duas horas (risco relativo — RR 0,97; intervalo de credibilidade — IC95% 0,93–1,00); mulheres responsáveis pelo domicílio (RR 0,97; IC95% 0,94–0,99) e óbitos por câncer de mama ocorridos em estabelecimentos privados (RR 1,04; IC95% 1,00–1,07). À mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero, estiveram associados: tempo de deslocamento para o trabalho entre meia e uma hora (RR 0,92; IC95% 0,87–0,98); rendimento domiciliar até três salários-mínimos (RR 1,27; IC95% 1,18–1,37); e razão de menores de um ano em relação à população feminina de 15 a 49 anos (RR 1,09; IC95% 1,01–1,18). Conclusão: Foram calculados os RR preditos para a mortalidade por esses cânceres, que estiveram associados às condições socioeconômicas das áreas de abrangência.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify spatial variability of mortality from breast and cervical cancer and to assess factors associated in the city of São Paulo. Methods: Between 2009 and 2016, 10,124 deaths from breast cancer and 2,116 deaths from cervical cancer were recorded in the Mortality Information System among women aged 20 years and over. The records were geocoded by address of residence and grouped according to Primary Health Care coverage areas. A spatial regression modeling was put together using the Bayesian approach with a Besag-York-Mollié structure to verify the association of deaths with selected indicators. Results: Mortality rates from these types of cancer showed inverse spatial patterns. These variables were associated with breast cancer mortality: travel time between one and two hours to work (RR – relative risk: 0.97; 95%CI – credible interval: 0.93–1.00); women being the head of the household (RR 0.97; 95%CI 0.94–0.99) and deaths from breast cancer in private health institutions (RR 1.04; 95%CI 1.00–1.07). The following variables were associated with mortality from cervical cancer: travel time to work between half an hour and one hour (RR 0.92; 95%CI 0.87–0.98); per capita household income of up to 3 minimum wages (RR 1.27; 95%CI 1.18–1.37) and ratio of children under one year of age related to the female population aged 15 to 49 years (RR 1.09; 95%CI 1.01–1.18). Conclusion: The predicted RR for mortality from these cancers were calculated and associated with the socioeconomic conditions of the areas covered.

ABSTRACT The application of flumioxazin and imazethapyr can affect the interactions between rhizobia and soybean in the rhizosphere. However, it remains unclear the effect of both herbicides, even when applied in mixture, on early nodulation and biological N fixation (BNF) in soybean, mainly related to some important biochemical traits in nodules. This study assessed the effect of flumioxazin, imazethapyr and their mixture on early nodulation and BNF in rhizosphere of soybean. The plant emergence, early nodulation, growth, and N accumulation were evaluated in soybean grown in sandy and clayey soils. The leghemoglobin content and glutamine synthetase (GS) activity were also assessed in fresh nodules. Individually, flumioxazin and imazethapyr did not affect the plant emergence, nodulation and N accumulation in soybean, while the mixture decreased significantly these parameters. Also, the values of leghemoglobin content and GS activity did not decrease with the application of the herbicides individually. The application of herbicides imazethapyr and flumioxazin separately negatively influenced the growth of soybean, while they do not influence the nodulation and N accumulation. However, the use of these herbicides in mixture can negatively influence the early nodulation and N fixation by native rhizobia.

RESUMO O maracujazeiro-azedo é uma fruteira amplamente cultivada em todo Brasil, devido sua adaptação ao clima tropical. No entanto, em regiões semiáridas seu desenvolvimento é limitado devido água alta concentração de sais solúveis nas águas comumente utilizadas na irrigação. Neste contexto, a aplicação de baixas concentrações de peróxido de hidrogênio de forma exógena pode atenuar os danos provocados pelo estresse salino. Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar o extravasamento de eletrólitos, os pigmentos fotossintéticos e a eficiência fotoquímica em maracujazeiro-azedo cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado sob irrigação com águas salinas e aplicação foliar de peróxido de hidrogênio. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizados, com os tratamentos dispostos em parcelas subdivididas, sendo cinco níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação - CEa (0,6; 1,2; 1,8; 2,4 e 3,0 dS m−1) e quatro concentrações de peróxido de hidrogênio - H2O2 (0; 15; 30 e 45 µM de H2O2) nas parcelas e subparcelas, respectivamente. A irrigação com água salina reduziu os teores de clorofila a e total das plantas de maracujazeiro-azedo cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado, aos 240 dias após o transplantio. O peróxido de hidrogênio na concentração de 15 µM estimulou a biossíntese de clorofila a e total e de 45 µM aliviou o efeito da salinidade da água de 3,0 dS m−1 sobre o extravasamento de eletrólitos no limbo foliar do maracujazeiro-azedo. O estresse salino não afetou a fluorescência inicial, máxima, variável e eficiência quântica do fotossistema II do maracujazeiro-azedo cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado.

ABSTRACT Sour passion fruit is a fruit crop widely cultivated throughout Brazil, due to its adaptation to the tropical climate. However, in semi-arid regions its development is limited by the high concentration of soluble salts in the waters commonly used in irrigation. In this context, exogenous application of low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide can attenuate the damage caused by salt stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate electrolyte leakage, photosynthetic pigments and photochemical efficiency in sour passion fruit cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado under irrigation with saline waters and foliar application of hydrogen peroxide. A completely randomized design was used, with treatments arranged in split plots, corresponding to five levels of irrigation water salinity - ECw (0.6; 1.2; 1.8; 2.4 and 3.0 dS m−1) and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide - H2O2 (0; 15; 30 and 45 μM of H2O2) in plots and subplots, respectively. Irrigation with saline water reduced chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents of sour passion fruit plants cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado, at 240 days after transplanting. Hydrogen peroxide at concentration of 15 μM stimulated chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll biosynthesis and, at 45 μM, relieved the effect of 3.0 dS m−1 water salinity on electrolyte leakage in the leaf blade of sour passion fruit. Salt stress did not affect the initial, maximum, variable fluorescence and quantum efficiency of photosystem II of sour passion fruit cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado.

Abstract Objective: To review the technical aspects of body composition assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and other methods based on the most recent scientific evidence. Materials and methods: This Official Position is a result of efforts by the Scientific Committee of the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism (Associação Brasileira de Avaliação Óssea e Osteometabolismo, ABRASSO) and health care professionals with expertise in body composition assessment who were invited to contribute to the preparation of this document. The authors searched current databases for relevant publications. In this first part of the Official Position, the authors discuss the different methods and parameters used for body composition assessment, general principles of DXA, and aspects of the acquisition and analysis of DXA scans. Conclusion: Considering aspects of accuracy, precision, cost, duration, and ability to evaluate all three compartments, DXA is considered the gold-standard method for body composition assessment, particularly for the evaluation of fat mass. In order to ensure reliable, adequate, and reproducible DXA reports, great attention is required regarding quality control procedures, preparation, removal of external artifacts, imaging acquisition, and data analysis and interpretation.

Abstract Passiflora nitida Kunth, an Amazonian Passiflora species, is little studied, although the specie’s high biological potential. Herein the plant’s pharmacognostic characterization, extract production, antioxidant potential evaluation, and application of this extract in cosmetic products is reported. The physical chemical parameters analyzed were particle size by sieve analysis, loss through drying, extractive yield, total ash content, laser granulometry, specific surface area and pore diameter (SBET), differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry (TG), and wave dispersive X-Ray fluorescence (WDXRF). Total phenol/flavonoid content, LC-MS/MS analysis, DPPH and ABTS antioxidant radical assays, cytotoxicity, melanin, and tyrosinase inhibition in melanocytes test provided evidence to determine the content of the major constituent. P. nitida dry extract provided a fine powder with mesopores determined by SBET, with the TG curve showing five stages of mass loss. The antioxidant potential ranged between 23.5-31.5 mg∙mL-1 and tyrosinase inhibition between 400-654 μg∙mL-1. The species presented an antimelanogenic effect and an inhibitory activity of cellular tyrosinase (26.6%) at 25 µg/mL. The LC-MS/MS analysis of the spray-dried extract displayed the main and minor phenolic compounds constituting this sample. The results indicate that P. nitida extract has promising features for the development of cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: Sugarcane is an important Brazilian commodity, being usually cultivated in soils with low natural fertility. This study aimed to isolate diazotrophic endophytes from sugarcane tissues and evaluate the morphological and physiological characteristics of their colonies as well as their plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits in select diazotrophic endophytic bacteria. Fifty-six bacterial isolates were identified in the sugarcane tissues, and these isolates presented distinct morphological and physiological traits. A total of thirty-five bacterial isolates were biochemically evaluated. Overall, Bacillus was the dominant genus. Isolates of Methylobacterium spp. and Brevibacillus agri were present only in leaves, while Herbaspirillum seropedicae occurred only in stems. Except to IPA-CF45A, all isolates were nitrogenase positive. All endophytes exhibit production of indol 3-acetic acid. Over 50% of endophytes solubilize phosphate, release N-acyl homoserine lactones, and present the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, catalase, lipase and protease. The network analysis showed that isolates belonged to Burkholderia, Herbaspirillum, and Methylobacterium interact with Bacillus. Bacterial endophytes exhibited distinct morphological, physiological, and PGP traits that are useful for sustainable agriculture, highlighting the isolates IPA-CC33, IPA-CF65, IPA-CC9 and IPA-CF27. Further studies on the effects of these diazotrophic endophytes and their potential for providing microbial inoculants for improving sugarcane fields will provide valuable information to maintain the sustainability and environment quality.

Resumo Refletir sobre metodologias e práticas pedagógicas tradicionais ou as que estão em voga é fundamental para conhecer e adequar o ensino às especificidades do aprendente de uma língua estrangeira - enquadrar e melhor entender as suas preferências, postura e atitudes na sala de aula. Em contextos educativos interculturais, só uma visão esclarecida do docente sobre os seus aprendentes permitirá adotar estratégias e propor atividades adequadas ao sucesso da aprendizagem e evitar potenciais conflitos de perspetivas no espaço aula. Os estudantes chineses são tradicionalmente passivos, moldados por práticas de ensino predominantemente expositivas, centradas no ensinante e assentes no método da gramática-tradução. Os resultados deste trabalho, baseado num questionário focado nas perspetivas dos informantes sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem, sugerem que os aprendentes chineses de português língua estrangeira, embora indelevelmente arreigados à sua matriz cultural identitária, revelam recetividade e capacidade de adaptação a outros paradigmas de ensino.

Abstract To reflect on traditional teaching methodologies and pedagogical practices (or on those that are in vogue) is essential to know and adapt teaching to the specificities of a foreign language learner - to frame and better understand on their preferences, posture and attitudes in the classroom. In intercultural educational contexts, only an enlightened view of the teacher about his students will allow him/her to adopt strategies and propose activities suitable to the learning success and avoid potential conflicts of perspectives in the classroom. Chinese students are traditionally passive, shaped by predominantly expository teaching practices centered on the tea- cher and founded on the grammar-translation method. The results of this work, based on a survey focused on the informants' perspectives on teaching and learning, suggest that Chinese foreign language learners, although in- delibly attached to their cultural identity matrix, reveal receptivity and adaptability to other teaching paradigms.

RESUMO O maracujazeiro amarelo é uma espécie frutífera bastante cultivada em todo o território Semiárido brasileiro, contudo, seu rendimento produtivo é afetado pela qualidade das águas desta região. Neste contexto, objetivou-se avaliar as trocas gasosas e a produção do maracujazeiro cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado irrigado com águas de distintas naturezas catiônicas. O estudo foi conduzido em lisímetros de drenagem em condições de casa de vegetação em Campina Grande, PB, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, sendo os tratamentos oito naturezas catiônicas da água de irrigação (S1 - Testemunha; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Mg2+; S5 - Na+ + Ca2+; S6 - Na+ + Mg2+; S7 - Ca2+ + Mg2+ e S8 - Na+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+) com três repetições. As plantas do tratamento testemunha foram irrigadas com água de baixa condutividade elétrica (CEa = 0,4 dS m-1), já os demais tratamentos foram irrigadas com CEa de 3,5 dS m-1. Os tratamentos Na+ + Ca2+; Na+ + Mg2+ e Ca2+ + Mg2+ foram preparados na proporção equivalente de 1:1 e Na++Ca2++Mg2+ na proporção 7:2:1, respectivamente. A salinidade da água de 3,5 dS m-1 reduziu as trocas gasosas, sendo a condutância estomática e a transpiração as variáveis mais sensíveis do maracujazeiro. O número de frutos do maracujazeiro cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado diminuiu com a salinidade da água, independente da natureza catiônica. As águas de natureza cálcica e o cálcica+magnesiana promoveram os maiores efeitos deletérios sob as variáveis de produção do maracujazeiro, aos 259 dias após o transplantio.

ABSTRACT Yellow passion fruit is a fruit species widely cultivated throughout the Brazilian semi-arid territory, but its yield is affected by the quality of the waters of this region. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the gas exchange and production of passion fruit cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado irrigated with waters of different cationic natures. The study was conducted in drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, in a randomized block design, and the treatments were eight cationic natures of irrigation water (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Mg2+; S5 - Na+ + Ca2+; S6 - Na+ + Mg2+; S7 - Ca2+ + Mg2+ and S8 - Na+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+) with three replicates. Plants in the control treatment were irrigated with water of low electrical conductivity (ECw = 0.4 dS m-1), while those of the other treatments were irrigated using water with ECw of 3.5 dS m-1. The treatments Na+ + Ca2+, Na+ + Mg2+ and Ca2+ + Mg2+ were prepared in the equivalent ratio of 1:1, and Na++Ca2++Mg2+ in the ratio 7:2:1, respectively. Water salinity of 3.5 dS m-1 reduced gas exchange, and stomatal conductance and transpiration were the most sensitive variables of passion fruit. The number of fruits of passion fruit cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado decreased with water salinity, regardless of the cationic nature. The waters of calcic and calcic+magnesian nature caused the greatest deleterious effects on the production variables of passion fruit, at 259 days after transplanting.

Resumo Introdução: A síndroma de febre de origem indeterminada (FOI) clássica é definida pela presença de temperatura corporal superior a 38,3 °C com duração superior a três semanas, sem diagnóstico definido, apesar de investigação apropriada durante três consultas em ambulatório ou três dias em internamento hospitalar. Implica a realização de uma avaliação criteriosa pelo médico de família, da qual deve resultar uma marcha diagnóstica adequada. Entre as múltiplas etiologias possíveis, a infeção pelo vírus de imunodeficiência humana (VIH) é uma entidade a ter em conta, nomeadamente na presença de fatores de risco para a mesma. Descrição do Caso: Mulher de 47 anos, raça caucasiana, com antecedentes pessoais de neoplasia do colo do útero submetida a conização há quatro anos. É fumadora, sem hábitos alcoólicos ou toxicofílicos conhecidos. Divorciada, integra uma família monoparental desde 2005, sem vida sexual ativa há cerca de oito anos. Recorre a consulta de doença aguda por quadro de mal-estar geral, cansaço, febre de predomínio vespertino e tosse seca com várias semanas de evolução. Após as primeiras etapas de investigação, a etiologia mantinha-se indeterminada, apesar da recorrência dos sintomas. Perante o quadro clínico de síndroma de FOI foi realizada investigação etiológica mais alargada, da qual se destaca serologia positiva para VIH-1. A utente foi referenciada para consulta de infeciologia e medicada com antirretrovirais e terapêutica dirigida a pneumocistose, uma doença definidora de síndroma de imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA). Este diagnóstico teve um impacto profundo a nível pessoal, familiar e social, com necessidade de seguimento em consulta de psicologia e psiquiatria. Comentário: A investigação etiológica da síndroma de FOI neste caso clínico conduziu a um diagnóstico inesperado de SIDA, o que sensibilizou a equipa clínica para a importância do rastreio atempado de VIH, para a correta abordagem da síndroma de FOI e para a importância do acompanhamento longitudinal pelo médico de família, de acordo com o diagnóstico estabelecido.

Abstract Introduction: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) syndrome is defined as the presence of temperature higher than 38.3 °C lasting more than three weeks, with failure to reach a diagnosis despite a correct investigation in three outpatient visits or three days in the hospital. It implies a criterion evaluation for general practitioners, leading to a proper diagnostic investigation. Between the large spectrum of possible etiologies, the HIV infection is a possibility to consider, especially if there are associated risk factors. Case Description: Female, 47 years old, Caucasian, with a history of neoplasm of the cervix submitted to conization four years ago. She is a smoker. Divorced, she belongs to a mono-parental family since 2005, her last partner was eight years ago. The patient came to an urgent consultation with symptoms of malaise, fatigue, evening fever, and dry cough, for several weeks. After the first steps of investigation, the etiology remained undefined, despite the recurrence of symptoms. Given the clinical condition of FUO syndrome, it was performed a wider etiologic investigation revealed HIV-1 positive serology. The patient was referred to an infectious diseases hospital appointment and started on antiretroviral treatment and therapy directed to pneumocystosis, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining disease. This diagnosis had a profound influence at a personal, family, and social level with the need for follow-up in psychology and psychiatry consultation. Commentary: The etiologic investigation of FUO syndrome, in this clinical case, has conducted to an unexpected diagnosis of AIDS, which has sensitized the health team to the importance of a timely HIV screening, for the correct approach of the FOI syndrome and for the importance of longitudinal monitoring by the family physician.

Abstract Airborne and ground magnetic and gravimetric maps provide important information about the spatial distribution of causative sources in the geological substrate. These sources normally have different physical properties and geometric shapes and are located at different depths, making it difficult to identify the geological features that correspond to the sources. Filtering and enhancement techniques can be used to highlight features in potential field anomalies (such as center and edges of sources). Also, these techniques remove associated noise, isolate shallow from deep sources, and estimate depths. We applied enhancement and depth estimation techniques in airborne and ground potential field data to delineate a subsurface structural framework of two copper occurrences (Victor Teixeira and Capão Grande) in the northwestern border of Camaquã Basin with the Sul-Riograndense Shield. Our results confirmed previously recognized structures and revealed an interconnected structural framework, which has an estimated depth of 170 m by Euler solutions. This configuration suggests a possible connection between the two mineralization outcrops, which are separated by a distance of 2,300 m.

Resumen Los mapas magnéticos y gravimétricos (aéreos y/o terrestres) suministran información importante sobre la distribución espacial de las fuentes del sustrato geológico, las cuales normalmente tienen propiedades físicas y geometrías diferentes. Estas fuentes también pueden estar localizadas a distintas profundidades, complicando la identificación de las correspondientes estructuras geológicas. Técnicas de filtrado y de realce de anomalías potenciales, pueden ser utilizadas para realzar ciertas características de interés (como el centro y el borde de las fuentes), para remover aquellas características asociadas a ruidos, para separar las anomalías de las fuentes superficiales y profundas, así como estimar sus profundidades. En este trabajo se analizan los resultados de la utilización de técnicas de realce y estimación de profundidad de las fuentes con datos geofísicos aéreos y terrestres potenciales, con el objetivo de delinear una imagen estructural del subsuelo en un área con dos ocurrencias de cobre en el límite noroeste, entre las rocas del Escudo Sul-Riograndense y la Cuenca del Camaquã. Los resultados confirman estructuras que han sido reconocidas previamente y revelan otras estructuras geológicas que integran una malla estructural interconectada, cuya profundidad, estimada por las soluciones de Euler, alcanzan los 170 m. Esta configuración sugiere una probable conexión entre las mineralizaciones de cobre observadas en los afloramientos, separados por un intervalo de 2,300 m.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la concentración de glucósidos cianogénicos CG (amigdalina y prunasina) en el cultivar y portainjerto, como indicador de compatibilidad en injertos de pera. El trabajo consta de dos experimentos. El experimento 1 evaluó las combinaciones Cascatense/Pyrus Calleryana y Cascatense/EMC. El Experimento 2 evaluó las combinaciones Packham’s Triumph/Adams, Santa Maria/Adams y Rocha/Adams. El diseño experimental de los dos experimentos fue de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Las evaluaciones se realizaron en la primavera y el verano de la cosecha 2014/2015. Los resultados indicaron compatibilidad de injerto en el Cascatense/P. Calleryana; combinaciones de Packham’s Triumph/Adams y Rocha/Adams; leve incompatibilidad de Santa Maria/Adams; e incompatibilidad severa de Cascatense / EMC. Los resultados obtenidos indican que diferencias ≥ 20 mg g-1 de CG entre esqueje y portainjerto se correlacionaron con una drástica reducción del vigor, problemas de continuidad en la unión del injerto, bajo rendimiento y defoliación temprana.

Abstract The objective of this work is to evaluate the concentration of cyanogenic glycosides CGs (amygdalin and prunasin) in the cultivar and rootstock, as an indicator of compatibility in pear grafts. The work consists of two experiments. Experiment 1 evaluated Cascatense/Pyrus Calleryana and Cascatense/EMC combinations. Experiment 2 evaluated the combinations Packham’s Triumph/Adams, Santa Maria/Adams, and Rocha/Adams. The experimental design of the two experiments was randomized blocks with four replications. The evaluations were carried out in the spring and summer of the harvest 2014/2015. The results indicated graft compatibility in the Cascatense/P. Calleryana, Packham’s Triumph/Adams, and Rocha/Adams combinations; slight incompatibility of Santa Maria/Adams, and severe incompatibility of Cascatense/EMC. The obtained results indicate that differences ≥ 20 mg g-1 of CGs between scion and rootstock were correlated with a drastic reduction in vigor, problems of continuity in graft union, low yield, and early defoliation.