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Mucuna cinerea Seeds: Levodopa Extraction Using Deep Eutectic Solvent and Its Mammalian Cell Activity
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Silva, Bruna T.

; Demuner, Antonio J.

; Blank, Daiane E.

; Campos, Mateus G.

; Mendes, Tiago A. O.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2024, Volume 35 N. 1 elocation e-20230101

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A new class of deep eutectic solvents (DES) was used in the extraction of levodopa (L-dopa) present in Mucuna cinerea, which has been termed “green” or “designer” solvents, with notable productive and economic/environmental benefits. The seeds of Mucuna cinerea were prepared and submitted to extraction with heating and agitation in a solvent mixture of DES with citric acid, urea, or glycerol. The extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which confirmed the efficiency of DES in extracting L-dopa. These extractions were carried out to determine the L-dopa extracts in DES with regard to the induction of cellular response activity, demonstrating the synergy between L-dopa and DES. The DES-glycerol extract exhibited a higher proliferative activity than commercial L-dopa after 24 h of treatment. The human glandular kallikrein-1 gene (hGK3) demonstrated higher expression in the treatment with the DES-urea, while the G protein-coupled receptor kinase-6 gene (GRK6) showed higher expression for all extracts compared to commercial L-dopa, with a higher value obtained for DES glycerol, followed by DES urea extract. The DES extraction method is therefore promising and unprecedented, confirming its possible use in the replacement of expensive solvents, supporting the use of ecologically viable DES in the extractions of other plant species.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230101

Laparoscopic pyeloplasty proficiency during a residency program after adoption of a standardized simulation training program is maintained during the COVID pandemic despite reduced surgery volume
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Gorgen, Antonio Rebello Horta

; Abreu, Fernando Jahn da Silva

; Paludo, Artur de Oliveira

; Menegolla, Mauricio Picolo

; Oliveira, Renan Timóteo de

; Tavares, Patric Machado

; Rosito, Tiago Elias

International braz j urol

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aug 2023, Volume 49 N. 4 Pages 462 - 468

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the standardized laparoscopic simulation training program in pyeloplasty, following its implementation and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, a tertiary referral center in south Brazil, in which 151 patients underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty performed by residents between 2006-2021. They were divided into three groups: before and after adoption of a standardized laparoscopic simulation training program and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main outcome was a combined negative outcome of conversion to open surgery, major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo III or higher) or unsuccessful procedure, defined as need for redo pyeloplasty. Results: There was a significant reduction in the combined negative outcome (21.1% vs 6.3%), surgical time (mean 200.0 min vs 177.4 min) and length of stay (median 5 days vs 3 days) after the adoption of simulation training program. These results were maintained during the COVID-19 pandemic (combined negative outcome of 6.3%, mean surgical time of 160.1 min and median length of stay of 3 days) despite a reduction in 55.4% of the surgical volume. Conclusion: A structured laparoscopic simulation program can improve outcomes of laparoscopic pyeloplasty during the learning curve.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0021

Survival and distribution of weedy rice seedbank after twenty-two years of different rice cropping systems
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Vargas, Andrés Antonio Monge

; Agostinetto, Dirceu

; Carlos, Filipe Selau

; Cereza, Tiago Viegas

; Ulguim, André da Rosa

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volume 53 N. 7 elocation e20210787

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O arroz daninho (Oryza sativa L.) é a principal planta daninha do arroz cultivado e, devido à similaridade genética com a cultura, são poucas as alternativas de controle. Uma possibilidade são os sistemas de cultivo, em razão da influência na emergência e sobrevivência da espécie no banco de sementes do solo. Diante disso, o trabalho objetivou avaliar a longevidade e a distribuição das sementes de arroz daninho no perfil do solo, após 22 anos de cultivo, sob diferentes sistemas. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial, em que o fator A foi composto por três sistemas de cultivo, realizados consecutivamente durante 22 anos, sendo esses: semeadura direta (SD), sistema convencional (SC) e pré-germinado (PG); e, o fator B composto por quatro profundidades de amostragem: 0-2, 2-5, 5-10 e 10-20 cm. As variáveis avaliadas foram: o número de sementes íntegras e deterioradas m-2; e, a porcentagem de viabilidade. Não foi verificado efeito dos sistemas até 5 cm, mas a 5-10 cm SC e PG mostraram maior quantidade de sementes, e PG a 10-20 cm. A SD proporcionou diminuição de sementes íntegras conforme aumentou a profundidade de amostragem, enquanto o sistema PG elimina menos sementes do banco de sementes do solo. Os sistemas SC e PG distribuem sementes viáveis no perfil do solo de 0 a 20 cm de profundidade. Após 22 anos, nos três sistemas de cultivo há sementes de arroz daninho viáveis até 10 cm de profundidade, sendo igual a quantidade de sementes viáveis até cinco centímetros de profundidade.

ABSTRACT: Weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most problematic weed in rice fields due to the few control management alternatives to control it, because of the genetic similarity with the crop. Different cropping systems (regarding soil preparation before sowing) have been used as options to control the persistence and emergence of the weed seedbank. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the longevity and vertical distribution of weedy rice seeds in the soil seedbank after 22 years of different rice cropping systems. Data was analyzed as a two-way factorial, with cropping systems carried out for 22 years [no-tillage (NT), conventional tillage (CT), wet direct-seeded (WDS)] as one factor and sampling depth (0-2, 2-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm) as the other factor. The number of whole and deteriorated seeds per m-2 were assessed, as well as the viability (%). No effect between the systems were detected up to 5 cm, however at 5-10 cm CT and WDS showed higher amount of seeds, and WDS at 10-20 cm. As the sampling depth increased, NT showed fewer amount of seeds, while less reduction of the soil seedbank was observed in WDS. CT and WDS spread viable seeds in the soil profile from 0 to 20 cm depth. After 22 years there are viable weedy rice seeds up to 10 cm of depth in the three cropping systems and there is no difference among them up to 5 cm of depth, demonstrating the serious problem of the seedbank for this species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210787

Canopeo and GreenSeeker applications as tools to support tropical pasture management
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Campana, Mariana

; Valle, Tiago Antonio Del

; Fernandes, Luana Santos

; Pereira, Francisco Rafael da Silva

; Garcia, Thainá Moreira

; Osório, Jesus Alberto Cardozo

; Facco, Francine Basso

; Morais, Jozivaldo Prudêncio Gomes de

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volume 53 N. 6 elocation e20220167

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se os índices obtidos com Canopeo e GreenSeeker (NDVI) em Megathyrsus maximum são capazes de estimar altura de plantas, massa de matéria seca, componentes morfológicos e teor de proteína bruta e fibra em detergente neutro em diferentes dias de crescimento. Cinco parcelas de 5 × 25 m de capim M.maximum foram definidas: sub parcelas de 1 × 1 m foram avaliadas a cada três dias, nas quais a pastagem apresenta 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 e 30 dias de rebrota. A sub parcela foi avaliada quanto à altura do dossel e acúmulo de massa. O índice do Canopeo (IC) obtido em maior altura foi menor do que o obtido em menor altura. A maior altura de medição aumentou o NDVI em relação a 0,10 m. Os maiores índices foram observados desde 18 dias de rebrota. Exceto para o IC avaliado a 0,10 m de altura, os índices não foram correlacionados com a composição química da forragem. IC e NDVI correlacionaram-se positivamente com a altura da planta, massa de MS e índice foliar, e negativamente com o índice de colmos. Assim, menores alturas de avaliação para IC e NDVI podem ser um bom preditor da altura da forragem. Valores de 0,83 e 85,8 para NDVI e IC, respectivamente, indicam um momento adequado para o início do pastejo de Megathyrsus maximum.

ABSTRACT: This study determined whether Canopeo and GreenSeeker measurements in Megathyrsus maximus can estimate plant height, dry matter mass, morphological components, and content of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber at different days of growth. Five plots of 5 × 25m M. maximus grass were defined: subplots of 1×1m were evaluated every three days, in which the pasture shows 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 days of regrowth. The subplot was evaluated for canopy height and mass accumulation. The canopeo index (CI) obtained at a higher height was lower than those obtained at a smaller height. Higher measurement height increased the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) relative to 0.10 m. The highest indexes were observed since 18 d of regrowth. Except for the CI evaluated at 0.10 m of height, the indexes were not correlated to the chemical composition of the forage. The CI and NDVI were positively correlated to plant height, dry matter mass, and leaf index, whereas both were negatively correlated with stalk index. Thus, lower evaluation heights for CI and NDVI can be a good predictor of forage height. Values of 0.83 and 85.8 for NDVI and CI, respectively, indicated an appropriate time to start the grazing of M. maximus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220167

Association of smartphone addiction with pain, sleep, anxiety, and depression in university students
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Paul, Vanessa Cristina Godoi de

; Neves, Ana Carolina das

; Oliveira, Giani Alves de

; Antonio, Ana Carolina Ferreira Tsunoda Del

; Antonio, Tiago Tsunoda Del

; Jassi, Fabrício José

Fisioterapia em Movimento

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2023, Volume 36 elocation e36110

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Introduction: Smartphone use has become a popular social communication phenomenon worldwide. Its excessive use can compromise daily routines and habits, which is associated with sleep disorders, stress, anxiety and pain. Therefore, the university student stands out, as they has a lifestyle in which it is necessary to reconcile daily activities with curriculum activities, aggravating psychosocial factors. Objective: To investigate whether smartphone addiction influences sleep quality, anxiety, depression and pain in university students. Methods: We carried out an analytical cross-sectional study. For data collection, the following self-administered questionnaires were used: Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI-BR), to assess smartphone dependence; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), to evaluate sleep quality; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, to assess anxiety and depression (HADS), where it was subdivided into HADS-A for anxiety and HADS-D for depression; and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to determine physical pain intensity. The sample consisted of 301 university students studying physiotherapy and physical education at the State University of Northern Paraná (UENP). They were divided according to the score obtained in the SPAI-BR between the “regular” group (up to 6 points) and “predisposed” to smartphone dependence (7 or more points). Results: The comparisons were statistically significant in favor of the regular group: the predisposed group obtained a higher score for the questionnaires used with an average NRS of 2.37 points, average HADS-D of 9.05 points and average HADS-A of 6.01 points. Differences between groups were statistically significant: NRS, p = 0.018; HADS-A, p = 0.001; HADS-D p = 0.001; and PSQI, p = 0.001. Conclusion: The university students analyzed in this study classified as predisposed were more prone to being addicted to their smartphone, and they were more likely to have anxiety, with a worse quality of sleep and with a greater intensity of pain.

Resumo Introdução: O uso de smartphones se tornou um fenômeno social mundialmente popular de comunicação. Seu uso excessivo pode comprometer as rotinas e hábitos diários, que estão associados aos distúrbios do sono, estresse, ansiedade, algias; logo, destaca-se o universitário, que apresenta um estilo de vida em que é preciso conciliar as atividades diárias com as curriculares, agravando fatores psicossociais. Objetivo: Investigar se a dependência do uso de smartphone influencia a qualidade de sono e os níveis de ansiedade, depressão e dor em universitários. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico. Para a coleta dos dados foram utilizados os questionários autoaplicáveis Inventário de Dependências do Smartphone (SPAI-BR), Escala de Pittsburgh (PSQI), Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS), sendo este subdividido em HADS-A (ansiedade) e HADS-D (depressão), e Escala Numérica da Dor (END). A amostra foi composta por 301 universitários da Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, dos cursos de fisioterapia e educação física. Os estudantes foram divididos de acordo com o escore obtido no SPAI-BR entre grupo regular (até 6 pontos) e pré-disposto à dependência do uso de smartphone (7 ou mais pontos). Resultados: As comparações foram estatisticamente significativas a favor do grupo regular; sendo assim, o grupo pré-disposto obteve uma pontuação pior nos questionários utilizados, sendo a média END de 2,37 pontos, a média HADS-D de 9,05 e a média HADS-A de 6,01. Os valores de intensidade de dor entre os grupos foram de p = 0,018; HADS-A: p = 0,001; HADS-D: p = 0,001; PSQI: p= 0,001. Conclusão: Os universitários classificados como pré- dispostos apresentaram uma maior propensão à dependência do smartphone, além de maior chance de terem ansiedade com uma pior qualidade de sono e maior intensidade de dor.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fm.2023.36110

Metabolizable energy equivalence of guanidinoacetic acid in corn soybean meal-based broiler diets
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Salgado, Hallef Rieger

; Rocha, Gabriel Cipriano

; Petrolli, Tiago Goulart

; Schmidt, Marlene

; Rivera, Jose Antonio

; Nunes, Rayanne Andrade

; Borges, Samuel Oliveira

; Calderano, Arele Arlindo

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2023, Volume 52 elocation e20220071

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In this study, we evaluated how guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) addition in diets with various metabolizable energy (ME) contents affects the performance of broiler chickens. We also estimated the equivalence of GAA in ME. We distributed 1,280 one-day-old broilers in a completely randomized design with eight treatments, eight replicates, and twenty birds per experimental unit. Treatments were based on ME levels (2,775-2,875-2,975 kcal/kg; 2,850-2,950-3,050 kcal/kg; 2,925-3,025-3,125 kcal/kg; or 3,000-3,100-3,200 kcal/kg, from 1 to 7, 8 to 21, and 22 to 42 days of age) and the inclusion of GAA (0 or 600 mg/kg). Supplementation of GAA increased weight gain in broilers at an energy level of 2,908 kcal/kg and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) at energy levels of 2,908 and 2,983 kcal/kg. There was a linear reduction in feed intake and an improvement in FCR of broilers with increasing levels of energy in diets, with and without GAA addition. Solving the equivalence equation, by applying each of the weighted average energy levels studied. indicates the GAA equivalence of 133, 103, 74, and 44 kcal/kg of diet. In conclusion, GAA supplementation improves broilers’ efficiency of energy use; the average ME equivalence of 600 mg/kg of GAA is 88.5 kcal/kg.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5220220071

Progressive tension protocol for muscle strength with Kinesio tape in runners - double-blind randomized clinical trial
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Stocco, Marieli Ramos

; Del Antonio, Ana Carolina Ferreira Tsunoda

; Oliveira, Raphael Gonçalves de

; Jassi, Fabrício José

; Del Antonio, Tiago Tsunoda

; Andraus, Rodrigo Antônio Carvalho

Fisioterapia em Movimento

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2023, Volume 36 elocation e36104

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Introduction Kinesio tape (KT), although frequently used in sports, is still a matter of debate, and the results of studies that evaluated its effects on muscle strength (MS) in athletes are still inconclusive and contradictory. Objective To evaluate the effect of a progressive KT tension protocol on knee MS in runners over an eight-week intervention. Methods Clinical trial involving 49 runners of both sexes randomized into two groups: KT (KT with progressive tension protocol) and placebo (KT without tension). The MS of knee flexors and extensors was evaluated by isokinetic dynamometer (60º/s and 90º/s) at four moments: (1) without KT; (2) with KT and without tension; (3) without KT (after 8 weeks after of intervention); (4) with KT and with tension (after 8 weeks after of intervention). Inter- and intra-group comparisons were made. The significance level adopted was 95% (p < 0.05). Results There were no significant differences in MS between the groups at any of the evaluated moments. There was a statistically significant difference in MS (60º/s) in both groups (KT and placebo) when comparing moments 4 and 2 for knee flexors, and in the placebo group between moments 4 and 2 and moments 4 and 3 for knee extensors. Conclusion The progressive tension protocol of KT was not able to intervene in the SM gain of knee flexors and extensors of runners in inter and intragroup comparisons.

Resumo Introdução A Kinesio tape (KT), apesar de muito utilizada na prática esportiva, ainda é motivo de debate e os resultados de estudos que avaliaram seus efeitos na força muscular (FM) em atletas ainda são inconclusivos e contraditórios. Objetivo Avaliar o efeito de um protocolo de tensão progressiva KT na FM do joelho em corredores ao longo de uma intervenção de oito semanas. Métodos Ensaio clínico envolvendo 49 corredores de ambos os sexos randomizados em dois grupos: KT (KT com protocolo de tensão progressiva) e placebo (KT sem tensão). A FM dos flexores e extensores do joelho foi avaliada por dinamômetro isocinético (60º/s e 90º/s) em quatro momentos: (1) sem KT; (2) com KT e sem tensão; (3) sem KT (após 8 semanas); (4) com KT e com tensão (pós-protocolo 8 semanas). Comparações inter e intragrupos foram feitas. O nível de significância adotado foi de 95% (p < 0,05). Resultados Não houve diferenças signi-ficativas na FM entre os grupos em nenhum dos momentos avaliados. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante na FM (60º/s) em ambos os grupos (KT e placebo, quando comparados os momentos 4 e 2 para flexores de joelho, e no grupo placebo entre os momentos 4 e 2 e os momentos 4 e 3 para extensores de joelho. Conclusão O protocolo de tensão progressiva de KT não foi capaz de intervir no ganho de FM de flexores e extensores de joelho de corredores em comparações inter e intragrupos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fm.2023.36104

Evaluation of konjac noodle as a microsurgery training model: learning curve analysis
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AVELAR, TIAGO MARQUES

; LOVATO, RENAN MAXIMILIAN

; BARBOSA, THIAGO GOMES

; XANDER, PAULO ADOLFO WESSEL

; RODRIGUES, LEONARDO HENRIQUE DA SILVA

; CAMPOS, ADRIANA JOSE BRITO

; RIECHELMANN, RICARDO SALEMI

; FLORES, JUAN ANTONIO CASTRO

; AGUIAR, GUILHERME BRASILEIRO DE

; OLIVEIRA, JEAN GONÇALVES DE

; VEIGA, JOSÉ CARLOS ESTEVES

Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões

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2023, Volume 50 elocation e20233528

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Background: classical models of microsurgical anastomosis training are expensive and have ethical implications. Some alternatives join low cost and easiness to store. However, the translation of knowledge acquired by training in these methods into the traditional ones is not clear. This project aims to assess the feasibility of konjac noodles as a reliable microsurgery-training model. Methods: 10 neurosurgery residents performed an end-to-end anastomosis in a 2-3mm placenta artery. The anastomoses were evaluated quantitatively, recording time; and qualitatively, applying a validated score (Anastomosis Lapse Index - ALI) by three experienced neurosurgeons and verifying the presence of gross leakage through the infusion of fluorescein. Subsequently, they performed 10 non-consecutive sessions of anastomosis training in the konjac noodle. Eventually, a final anastomosis in the placenta model was performed and the same parameters were scored. Results: we observed a 17min reduction in the mean time to perform the anastomosis in the placenta model after the training in the konjac (p<0.05). There was a non-significant 20% reduction in gross leakage, but the training sessions were not able to consistently improve the ALI score. Conclusions: we demonstrate a reduction in anastomosis performing time in placental arteries after training sessions in the konjac noodle model, which can be regarded as a feasible low-cost method, particularly useful in centers with surgical microscopes only in the operation room.

ABSTRACT Introdução: modelos tradicionais de treinamento de anastomose microcirúrgica costumam ter custos elevados e implicações éticas de aquisição e manutenção, buscando-se alternativas que reúnam baixo custo e facilidade de armazenamento. Existem diferentes propostas, porém há poucas evidências de que conhecimentos adquiridos com o treinamento nessas plataformas se traduza em melhora na performance, quando estes são comparados a modelos consagrados. Este projeto objetiva avaliar a viabilidade do macarrão de konjac como modelo confiável de treinamento microcirúrgico. Métodos: 10 residentes de neurocirurgia realizaram uma anastomose término-terminal em artéria placentária humana de 2-3mm. As anastomoses foram avaliadas quantitativamente, registrando-se o tempo de confecção e qualitativamente, aplicando-se um escore validado (Anastomosis Lapse Index – ALI) por neurocirurgiões experientes e verificando-se a presença de vazamento grosseiro através da visualização no modo fluorescente injetando-se fluoresceína. Subsequentemente, realizaram 10 sessões de treinamento não consecutivos de anastomose términoterminal no modelo de konjac. Por fim, uma anastomose final foi realizada no modelo placentário e os mesmo parâmetros reavaliados. Resultados: observamos uma redução de 17 min no tempo médio de confecção da anastomose no modelo de placenta após os treinos no modelo do macarrão (p<0.05). Houve uma redução não significativa de 20% no vazamento grosseiro. As sessões de treino no macarrão não foram capazes de melhorar consistentemente o score ALI. Conclusão: o treinamento em modelo de macarrão konjac é capaz de reduzir o tempo para realização das anastomoses no modelo em placenta humana, mostrando-se alternativa viável de baixo custo e manutenção, útil em serviços que disponham de microscópio apenas no ambiente cirúrgico.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-6991e-20233528-en

Evaluation of tumor load in sentinel lymph node in patients with cutaneous melanoma
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ALMEIDA, PEDRO DEAK DE

; LAVAREZE, LUCCAS

; RANGEL, CAROLINA EMERICK DA SILVA

; MARIANO, FERNANDA VIVIANE

; RODRIGUES, DIEGO VICTOR NUNES

; BALDASSO, TIAGO ANTONIO

; FANNI, RENATO VENTURA

; CASARIM, ANDRE LUIS MAION

; NEGRO, ANDRÉ DEL

; TINCANI, ALFIO JOSÉ

Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões

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2023, Volume 50 elocation e20233521

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Introduction: cutaneous melanoma (MC) is a malignant neoplasm derived from melanocytic cells with an aggressive behavior. It is usually associated with the multifactorial interaction of genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure, usually ultraviolet radiation. Despite advances in treatment, the disease remains relentless with poor prognosis. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a technique used to screen patients in need of lymph node dissection. Objectives: to correlate the tumor burden in the SLN with the mortality of patients undergoing SLN biopsy. Methodology: the medical records and histological slides of patients with MC who underwent SLN biopsy treated at HC-Unicamp from 2001 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The positive SLN were measured according to the size of the tumor infiltration area, for analysis of the depth of invasion (DI), closest proximity to the capsule (CPC) and tumor burden (TB). For statistical analysis, associations between variables were analyzed using Fishers exact test, with post Bonferroni test and Wilcoxon test. Results: 105 records of patients who underwent SLN biopsy of MC were identified. Of these, nine (8.6%) had positive SLN and 81 (77.1%) had negative SLN. The performed lymphadenectomies resulted in 55.6% (n=5) affected, 22.2% (n=2) without disease and 22.2% (n=2) were not performed. Mean CPC, TB, and DI were 0.14mm, 32.10mm and 2.33mm, respectively. Patients with T2 and T3 tumors were more likely to show the SLN affected (p=0.022). No patient with positive SLN died during follow-up. Conclusion: patients who presented T3 staging are the ones who most presented positive SLN.

RESUMO Introdução: o melanoma cutâneo (MC) é uma neoplasia maligna de comportamento agressivo, derivada das células melanocíticas, geralmente causado pela associação de interação da suscetibilidade genética e a exposição ambiental. A biópsia do linfonodo sentinela (LNS) é um procedimento utilizado para rastreamento de doentes com necessidade ou não de linfadenectomia, diminuindo a exposição do paciente a cirurgias maiores. Objetivos: correlacionar a carga do tumor no LNS com a mortalidade de pacientes com MC. Métodos: foram examinados retrospectivamente prontuários e lâminas histológicas de doentes com MC submetidos a biópsia de LNS atendidos no HC-Unicamp entre o período compreendido de 2001 a 2021. Os LNS positivos foram mensurados quanto ao tamanho da área de infiltração do tumor, para análise da profundidade de invasão (PI), menor proximidade com a cápsula (MPC) e carga do tumor (CT). As associações entre as variáveis foram analisadas pelo teste Exato de Fisher, com pós teste de Bonferroni e Wilcoxon. Resultados: foram identificados 105 pacientes com biópsia de LNS, sendo nove (8,6%) casos com LNS positivo. A média de MDC, CT e PI foram 0,14 mm, 32,10 mm, e 2,33 mm, respectivamente. Doentes com tumores T2 e T3 apresentaram maior chance de acometimento do LNS (p=0,022). Nenhum paciente com LNS positivo foi a óbito durante o acompanhamento. Conclusão: doentes que apresentaram tumores maiores (T2 e T3) apresentaram maior chance de linfonodos sentinelas positivos. Além do tamanho do tumor, a presença de maior carga do tumor demonstrou que os mesmos podem ser beneficiados pela biópsia de LNS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-6991e-20233521-en

10.

Analytical study of the dimensional stability of tropical brazilian wood species
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Almeida, Tiago Hendrigo

; Almeida, Diego Henrique

; Aquino, Vinicius Borges de Moura

; Christoforo, André Luis

; Lahr, Francisco Antonio Rocco

Ciência Florestal

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2023, Volume 33 N. 1 elocation e65389

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Brazil owns a large vegetal covering and the best utilization of these materials requires physical and mechanical characterization procedures. Equations found in the literature make easier the wood properties determination. At this context, well known authors developed the equation βl = βt/23, being βl and βt the longitudinal and tangential shrinkage percentages, for βl estimation based on the βt value specially for wood species from the Northern hemisphere. This paper aims to investigate the accuracy of this equation for fifteen tropical Brazilian wood species covering the entire range of hardwood strength classes according to the Brazilian Normative ABNT NBR7190. The average experimental values of βl and βt were 7.71% (CV = 26,71%) and 0.73% (CV = 38,76%), respectively. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA refuted the hypothesis of equivalence between theoretical and experimental βl values (p-value = 0.0000). A linear regression model fitted to experimental values provided βl = βt/9,84 as optimal solution (p-value = 0.0000, R2 = 47,23%). According to results it is possible to conclude that the value of longitudinal shrinkage percentage of tropical Brazilian wood species is statistically 2,34 times greater than the value found in the literature, which impacts the design of timber structures procedures increasing the internal stresses in timber structural elements.

RESUMO O Brasil possui grande cobertura vegetal e o melhor aproveitamento desses materiais requer procedimentos de caracterização física e mecânica. Equações encontradas na literatura facilitam a determinação das propriedades da madeira. Nesse contexto, autores conhecidos desenvolveram a equação βl = βt/23, sendo βl e βt as porcentagens de retração longitudinal e tangencial, para estimativa de βl com base no valor de βl especialmente para espécies de madeira do hemisfério Norte. Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a precisão desta equação para quinze espécies de madeiras tropicais brasileiras cobrindo toda a faixa de classes de resistência da madeira de lei de acordo com o Norma Brasileira ABNT NBR 7190. Os valores experimentais médios de βl e βt foram 7,71% (CV = 26,71 %) e 0,73% (CV = 38,76%), respectivamente. A ANOVA não paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis refutou a hipótese de equivalência entre os valores de βl teórico e experimental (p-valor = 0,0000). Um modelo de regressão linear ajustado aos valores experimentais forneceu βl =βt/9,84 como solução ótima (p-valor = 0,0000, R² = 47,23%). De acordo com os resultados, é possível concluir que o valor da porcentagem de retração longitudinal das espécies de madeira tropical brasileira é estatisticamente 2,34 vezes maior que o valor encontrado na literatura, o que impacta nos procedimentos de dimensionamento de estruturas de madeira aumentando as tensões internas nas estruturas de madeira.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509865389

11.

Dicamba Degradation by Fenton-Like Process Using Iron/Biochar Composites
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Guimarães, Tiago

; Aguiar, Adalin C. M. de

; Silva, Elisa M. G. da

; Mielke, Kamila C.

; Costa, Marcelo M. da

; Silva, Antonio A. da

; Teixeira, Ana P C.

; Lopes, Renata P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 12 Pages 1753 - 1761

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this work, an iron/biochar composite was evaluated as a catalyst for 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) herbicide degradation by heterogeneous Fenton-like process. The biochar was produced from pyrolysis of coffee husks. After FeII adsorption by biochar, the material was submitted to chemical reduction, via borohydride, producing zero-valent iron nanoparticles (BIO-Fe0). The material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis, among other techniques. The BIO-Fe0 is a heterogeneous material, and the main constituent elements are carbon (C), oxygen (O), silicon (Si), sulfur (S) and iron (Fe). The dicamba degradation was monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography and biological assays using beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) as indicator species. The commercial dicamba (500 mL; 250 mg L 1) was submitted to Fenton-like process (initial pH 3.20; BIO-Fe0: 3 or 5 g; 1.00 mL H2O2 at 3.00 mmol L 1; 1.00 mL Al2(SO4)3 at 1.00 mol L 1; 25 ºC and 5 h of reaction), presenting ca. 100% of degradation. These treated solutions were used in a biological assay. The intoxication levels were less 30%. These results show that BIO-Fe0 has the potential to be used in the dicamba degradation by Fenton-like processes.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230068

12.

Feasibility of pre-scrotal castration approach in boars: 30 cases
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Câmara, Antônio Carlos L.

; Nogueira, Kaique

; Junqueira, João Vagner S.

; Andrade, Tiago S.

; Teixeira-Neto, Antonio Raphael

; Campebell, Rita de Cássia

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07278

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Since the first reports of boar castration, the anesthesia, surgery, and especially the restraint for surgical wound management of large and strong boars may be challenging. Most frequent complications include hemorrhage, excessive edema, infection, abscess, scirrhous cord, inguinal hernia, seroma, hematoma, and death. In order to diminish those complications, we hypothesized that the pre-scrotal approach would be a successful method for orchiectomy in boars and that the complication rate would be low, facilitating post-surgical handling on the commercial swine breeding farms by the owners or handlers. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe our experience performing castration in boars using a pre-scrotal approach on farm-setting. Thirty commercial-breed male boars (weighing 255-410kg) were submitted to dissociative anesthesia protocol and local anesthesia. An 8-10cm skin incision was made cranially to the hemiscrotum, and subcutaneous tissue was bluntly dissected, reaching the tunica dartos, fascia, and vaginal tunica. Mesorchium was bluntly dissected to separate, and a double size-0 transfixion ligature was placed around the spermatic cord that was sharply transected. The procedure was repeated on the contralateral testis using the same skin incision. Short-term complication was restricted to mild scrotal edema in 12 (40%) boars. No wound exudate, surgical site infection or death related to the surgery was recorded. On the long-term follow-up (≥4 months’ post-surgery), all owners stated that the boar was subsequently used as intended (slaughter after the proper boar taint withdrawal time) and their satisfaction with the low degree of difficulty in handling the post-operative care. Herein, the overall complication rate was considered low, the mortality rate was zero, and the pre-scrotal castration approach was successfully performed in all boars. These features confirm the technique as a safe procedure for orchiectomy in boars. Additionally, abolishing the daily dressing of surgical wounds required in open castration techniques, especially when surgical site infection occurs, may provide better welfare for the boars.

RESUMO: Desde os primeiros relatos de castração de cachaços, a anestesia, a cirurgia, e, principalmente, a contenção para manejo de feridas cirúrgicas de cachaços grandes e fortes podem ser desafiadoras. As complicações mais frequentes incluem hemorragia, edema excessivo, infecção, abscesso, funiculite, hérnia inguinal, seroma, hematoma e morte. A fim de diminuir tais complicações, levantamos a hipótese de que a abordagem pré-escrotal seria um método bem-sucedido para orquiectomia em cachaços e que a taxa de complicações seria baixa, facilitando o manejo pós-cirúrgico pelos proprietários ou tratadores. Portanto, o presente estudo objetivou descrever nossa experiência na castração de cachaços por abordagem pré-escrotal nas granjas comerciais de suínos. Trinta cachaços machos de raças comerciais (variação de peso de 255-410kg) foram submetidos ao protocolo de anestesia dissociativa e anestesia local. Uma incisão cutânea de 8 a 10cm foi feita cranialmente ao hemiscroto, e o tecido subcutâneo divulsionado de forma romba atingindo a túnica dartos, fáscia e túnica vaginal. O mesórquio foi separado por divulsão, e, uma ligadura de transfixação dupla com fio 0 realizada ao redor do cordão espermático, que foi seccionado. O procedimento foi repetido no testículo contralateral usando a mesma incisão na pele. A complicação de curto prazo foi restrita a leve edema escrotal em 12 (40%) cachaços. Nenhuma infecção incisional, exsudato ou morte relacionada à cirurgia foi registrada. No acompanhamento a longo prazo (≥4 meses pós-cirúrgico), todos os proprietários afirmaram que o cachaço foi posteriormente utilizado como pretendido (abate após o tempo adequado de retirada do odor de macho inteiro), e sua satisfação com o baixo grau de dificuldade nos cuidados pós-operatórios. Aqui, a taxa geral de complicações foi considerada baixa, a taxa de mortalidade foi zero e a castração por abordagem pré-escrotal foi realizada com sucesso em todos os cachaços. Essas características confirmam a técnica como um procedimento seguro para orquiectomia em cachaços. Além disso, a abolição do curativo diário das feridas cirúrgicas exigido nas técnicas de castração aberta, principalmente quando ocorre infecção, pode proporcionar melhor bem-estar aos cachaços.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7278

13.

The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal
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Lamas, Carlos José Einicker

; Fachin, Diego Aguilar

; Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes

; Alcantara, Daniel Máximo Correa de

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Amorim, Dalton de Souza

; Araújo, Maíra Xavier

; Ascendino, Sharlene

; Baldassio, Letícia

; Bellodi, Carolina Ferraz

; Bravo, Freddy

; Calhau, Julia

; Capellari, Renato Soares

; Carmo-Neto, Antonio Marcelino do

; Cegolin, Bianca Melo

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez

; Falcon, Aida Vanessa Gomez

; Fusari, Livia Maria

; Garcia, Carolina de Almeida

; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique

; Gomes, Marina Morim

; Graciolli, Gustavo

; Gudin, Filipe Macedo

; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro

; Krolow, Tiago Kütter

; Mendes, Luanna Layla

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Maia, Valéria Cid

; Marinoni, Luciane

; Mello, Ramon Luciano

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Morales, Mírian Nunes

; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira

; Patiu, Claudemir

; Proença, Barbara

; Pujol-Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis

; Pujol-Luz, José Roberto

; Rafael, José Albertino

; Riccardi, Paula Raile

; Rodrigues, João Paulo Vinicios

; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira

; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb

; Santis, Marcelo Domingos de

; Santos, Charles Morphy Dias dos

; Santos, Josenilson Rodrigues dos

; Savaris, Marcoandre

; Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Schelesky-Prado, Daniel de Castro

; Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de

; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia

; Wiedenbrug, Sofia

; Yamaguchi, Carolina

; Nihei, Silvio Shigueo

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 N. 4 elocation e20230051

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0051

14.

ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SUFFICIENCY IN A FAMILY FARMING PRODUCTION CHAIN
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Souza, Pábulo Diogo de

; Badin, Tiago Luiz

; Pasa, Débora Luana

; Ximendes, Mariane Carrion

; Farias, Jorge Antonio de

Revista Árvore

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e4714

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The value chains that compose family farming constitute several economic activities relevant to the Brazilian economy. The tobacco sector stands out for its financial aspect but also its environmental appeal. For this reason, it has been giving special attention to the sustainability of the production process, including the energy efficiency of tobacco drying, where forest biomass is used as a renewable energy source. Thus, the objective of this work was to carry out a diagnosis of forest production and consumption by tobacco producers. The applied methodology was based on the inventory of the producers’ forests and the Brazilian Association of Tobacco Growers’ database. It was estimated that the sector’s forestry base, comprised of the seven VTPR (Virginia tobacco-producing regions), had a total of 116,103.05 ha of Eucalyptus forest plantations. It is possible to observe that the forest structure is deregulated in both areas. The PR – Southeast, SC – North Plateau, SC – Alto Vale, and RS – Costa Doce regions showed a firewood deficit. The regions SC – Coast, and RS – Central Depression presented an oversupply of forest biomass. There is energy self-sufficiency for tobacco production for some of the VTPR. However, the scenarios showed a firewood deficit in part of the regions. Thus, results show that it is necessary to implement strategic plans to achieve energy self-sufficiency for the sector.

RESUMO As cadeias de valor que compõem a agricultura familiar constituem várias atividades econômicas que são relevantes para a economia brasileira. O setor fumageiro é destacado pelo aspecto econômico, mas também pelo apelo ambiental. Por isso este vem dando atenção especial para sustentabilidade do processo produtivo, entre eles a eficiência energética da secagem do tabaco, onde é utilizada biomassa florestal como fonte de energia renovável. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar um diagnóstico da produção e consumo florestal de produtores de tabaco. A metodologia aplicada baseou-se no inventário das florestas dos produtores e no banco de dados da Associação dos fumicultores do Brasil. Foi estimado que a base florestal do setor, composta pelas sete RPTV (regiões produtoras de tabaco Virgínia) apresentaram um total de 116.103,05 ha de plantios florestais de Eucalyptus. Ao analisar a distribuição das áreas de florestas alocadas nas classes de 2 a 7 anos foi possível observar que a estrutura florestal está desregulada em ambas as regiões. As regiões PR – Sudeste, SC – Planalto Norte, SC – Alto Vale e RS – Costa Doce apresentaram déficit de lenha. Já as regiões SC – Litoral e RS – Depressão Central apresentaram superoferta de biomassa florestal. Há autossuficiência energética para a produção de tabaco para algumas das RPTV. Contudo em parte das regiões os cenários mostraram déficit de lenha. Deste modo, resultados demonstram que é necessário a efetivação de planos estratégicos para alcance da autossuficiência energética para o setor.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820230000014

15.

Proximal and mineral composition of native fish species from Amazonas, Brazil
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Souza, Antônio Fábio Lopes de

; Silva, Antonio José Inhamuns da

; Barai, Alexandre Augusto

; Rufino, João Paulo Ferreira

; Costa, Tiago Viana da

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2023, Volume 45 elocation e61884

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. For decades, researches were developed about the diversity of fishes in the Amazon basin and their consumption by the people. In this context, an important gap identified was a lack of information about the nutritional composition of some of the main Amazon fish species consumed and traded. Front this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and mineral content of filets from 10 fish species with the highest landing volume in Amazonas State. The fish species selected were curimatã, jaraqui, mapará, matrinxã, pacu, piramutaba, sardinha, surubim, tambaqui and tucunaré. Were collected 20 samples (fishes) from each species according to the hydrological cycles of the region (20 samples in the flood and 20 samples in drought). Ten fish samples were processed to determine the proximal composition and 10 fish samples were used to determine mineral content (macro and micro minerals). The proximal composition of fish species analysed varied widely between species and seasons, with an emphasis on moisture and lipid content. Fishes in the flood season presented higher content of nutrients than drought season. This result also was observed in the minerals profile, where fishes in the flood season presented the highest (p < 0.05) minerals content.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v45i1.61884

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