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OBJECTIVES: We designed a cohort study to describe characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in the largest public hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil, as Latin America becomes the epicenter of the pandemic. METHODS: This is the protocol for a study being conducted at an academic hospital in Brazil with 300 adult ICU beds dedicated to COVID-19 patients. We will include adult patients admitted to the ICU with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 during the study period. The main outcome is ICU survival at 28 days. Data will be collected prospectively and retrospectively by trained investigators from the hospital’s electronic medical records, using an electronic data capture tool. We will collect data on demographics, comorbidities, severity of disease, and laboratorial test results at admission. Information on the need for advanced life support and ventilator parameters will be collected during ICU stay. Patients will be followed up for 28 days in the ICU and 60 days in the hospital. We will plot Kaplan-Meier curves to estimate ICU and hospital survival and perform survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify the main risk factors for mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04378582. RESULTS: We expect to include a large sample of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU and to be able to provide data on admission characteristics, use of advanced life support, ICU survival at 28 days, and hospital survival at 60 days. CONCLUSIONS: This study will provide epidemiological data about critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Brazil, which could inform health policy and resource allocation in low- and middle-income countries.

Screening for non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) is performed with baseline 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHPb) and confirmed with the ACTH test. Because the cutoff level of 17OHPb that prompts an ACTH testing is still a matter of discussion, we evaluated the levels of 17OHPb in diagnosing CAH caused by 21OHD. An ACTH (0.25 mg IV) test was performed in 87 hyperandrogenic women, 24.8±0.8 years old. 17OHP levels greater than 1,500 ng/dL, 60min after administration of ACTH were considered diagnostic. 21OHD was confirmed in 11 patients (12.6%); in the remainder 76 the test was negative. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for 17OHPb >200 ng/dL were 0.91, 0.62, 0.26 and 0.98, respectively. For 17OHPb >350 ng/dL these values were 0.91, 0.91, 0.59 and 0.99 and for 17OHPb >500 ng/dL, 0.82, 0.99, 0.9 and 0.97. Clinical findings (hirsutism, menstrual irregularities and obesity) and levels of androstenedione and total testosterone were similar between both groups. We conclude that clinical findings and androgen levels cannot differentiate patients with and without 21OHD, and suggest the ACTH test to be performed whenever 17OHPb is >350 ng/dL, a highly sensitive cutoff with good negative predictive value.

A forma não-clássica da hiperplasia adrenal congênita (HAC) por deficiência da 21-hidroxilase (D21OH) é rastreada com a 17-hidroxiprogesterona basal (17OHPb) e seu diagnóstico confirmado pelo teste do ACTH. Como o nível de 17OHPb que indica a realização do teste ainda é motivo de discussão, este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar este valor no diagnóstico de HAC por D21OH. O teste do ACTH (0,25 mg IV) foi realizado em 87 mulheres de 24,8±0,8 anos com hiperandrogenismo clínico. O valor de 17OHP >1.500 ng/dl após 60min do ACTH foi considerado sugestivo de D21OH, a qual foi diagnosticada em 11 casos (12,6%). Nos outros 76, o teste não foi compatível com o diagnóstico. A sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos positivo e negativo para 17OHPb >200 ng/dL foram 0,91, 0,62, 0,26 e 0,98, respectivamente. Para 17OHPb >350 ng/dL estes valores foram 0,91, 0,91, 0,59 e 0,99 e para 17OHPb >500 ng/dL foram 0,82, 0,99, 0,9 e 0,97. Os achados clínicos (hirsutismo, irregularidade menstrual e obesidade) e as dosagens de androstenediona e testosterona total foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos. Concluímos que os achados clínicos e os níveis de androgênios não permitem diferenciar os pacientes com e sem D21OH. Sugerimos realizar o teste do ACTH quando a 17OHPb for >350 ng/dL, valor com alta sensibilidade e bom valor preditivo negativo.

Index code	Element
ti	article title
au	author
kw	article keywords
subject	subject (title words, abstract and keywords)
ab	abstract
ta	journal short title (e.g. Cad. Saúde Pública)
journal_title	journal full title (e.g. Cadernos de Saúde Pública)
la	publication language code (e.g. pt - Portuguese, es - Spanish)
type	document type
pid	publication identifier
publication_year	publication year of publication
sponsor	sponsor
aff_country	country code of the author's affiliation
aff_institution	author affiliation institution
volume	article volume
issue	article issue
elocation	elocation
doi	DOI number
issn	journal ISSN
in	SciELO colection code (e.g. scl - Brasil, col - Colômbia)
use_license	article usage license code

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