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Abstract This study evaluated the influence of a fluoride-modified titanium surface on osseointegration in rats with induced diabetes. One hundred and eighty rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups with 60 animals each: Control group (C): Animals without diabetes; Diabetes Group (D): Animals with uncontrolled induced diabetes; Controlled Diabetes Group (CD): Animals with diabetes induced controlled by the insulin administration. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection. Each animal received 2 implants in the proximal tibial metaphysis, one with the machined surface (M) and the other one with a fluoride-modified titanium surface (F), after 4 weeks of induction of diabetes. The animals were submitted to euthanasia 2, 4, and 6 weeks after the implant placement (n = 20 animals/group). The osseointegration was evaluated by the implant removal torque test and the histometric analysis of the non-decalcified histological sections: 1) Contact bone/implant (%BIC); 2) Bone tissue area between implant threads (%BBT). Implants with F surface showed a higher removal torque than implants with surface M in all groups. There was no difference in %BIC between the groups regardless of the surface used. The F surface showed a tendency to present higher %BBT values for the 3 evaluation periods in the D group. The fluoride-modified implant surface has no impact on the %BIC and %BBT. However, the fluoride-modified implant surface increases the locking of the implants with the bone. The hyperglycemia was associated with lower removal torque values despite the surfaces of the implant used.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a influência de uma superfície de titânio modificada com flúor na osseointegração em ratos com diabetes induzida. Cento e oitenta ratos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos com 60 animais cada: Grupo controle (C): Animais sem diabetes; Grupo Diabetes (D): Animais com diabetes induzida descompensada; Grupo Diabetes Controlado (CD): Animais com diabetes induzido controlado pela administração de insulina. O diabetes foi induzido por injeção de estreptozotocina. Cada animal recebeu 2 implantes na metáfise proximal da tíbia, um com superfície usinada (M) e outro com superfície de titânio modificado com flúor (F), após 4 semanas de indução do diabetes. Os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia 2, 4 e 6 semanas após a colocação do implante (n = 20 animais/grupo). A osseointegração foi avaliada pelo teste de torque de remoção do implante e pela análise histométrica dos cortes histológicos não descalcificados: 1) Contato osso-implante (%BIC); 2) Área de tecido ósseo entre as roscas do implante (%BBT). Os implantes com superfície F apresentaram maior torque de remoção do que os implantes com superfície M em todos os grupos. Não houve diferença no %BIC entre os grupos independente da superfície utilizada. A superfície F mostrou tendência a apresentar maiores valores de %BBT para os 3 períodos de avaliação no grupo D. As superfícies de implantes modificadas com flúor não influenciaram nos dados de %BIC e %BBT. Entretanto, essas superfícies aumentaram o travamento dos implantes no tecido ósseo. A hiperglicemia foi associada a menores torques de remoção dos implantes independentemente do tipo de superfície de implante utilizada.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305439

Sampling intensity and size to evaluate harvest losses in soybean crops
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Lambrecht, Darlei M.

; Lúcio, Alessandro D.

; Martin, Thomas N.

; Feldmann, Antonia B. S.

; Amaral, Rogério P.

; Buligon, Iuri de O.

; Tolfo, Thauan de C.

; Diel, Maria I.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2023, Volume 27 N. 8 Pages 593 - 599

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Proper sampling of grain losses during harvesting operations, with reliable and efficient sizing of sample, is necessary for an efficient adjustment of the harvester to avoid harvest losses. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate sampling intensity and sample size for harvest loss evaluations in soybean crops. Sampling was carried out in five locations with soybean crops, evaluating three different harvesters. Harvest losses were measured using square wooden frames (50 × 50 cm), which were arranged on the ground longitudinally across the harvester header width after its passage; this process was repeated 25 times at each location. The greatest harvester header width in Location 1 enabled to simulate different sample sizes for this location (50 × 100, 50 × 150, 50 × 200, and 50 × 250 cm). Only one sample size (50 × 100 cm) was used for the simulations in the other locations. Sampling only half the harvester header width is recommended to estimate harvest losses when using 62-foot harvester header, whereas 12.5- and 17-foot harvester headers requires sampling across the entire harvester header width, with a semi-amplitude of the confidence interval of 20% of the mean for all harvesters.

RESUMO Devido às perdas de grãos que ocorrem durante a operação de colheita por não realizar a amostragem, ou realizá-la de forma ineficiente, é necessário seu dimensionamento para que seja confiável e eficiente, para que se possa realizar a adequada regulagem da colhedora e evitar as perdas de colheita. Neste sentido o objetivo desta pesquisa foi estimar a intensidade e tamanho amostral para avaliar perdas de colheita na cultura da soja. Foram realizadas amostragens em cinco localidades de produção soja, sendo avaliadas três colhedoras. Para mensuração, foram utilizadas estruturas de madeira quadradas, com dimensões de 50 × 50 cm, em que as mesmas foram dispostas longitudinalmente em toda a largura da plataforma da colhedora após a passagem da mesma. Esse processo foi repetido 25 vezes em cada local. Devido à maior largura da plataforma da colhedora na localidade 1, foi possível simular diferentes tamanhos amostrais para esta situação (50 × 100, 50 × 150, 50 × 200 e 50 × 250 cm). Para as demais localidades foi possível simular apenas um tamanho amostral de 50 × 100 cm. Para estimar perdas de colheita de colhedoras que possuem largura de plataformas de colheita de 62 pés, recomenda-se amostrar apenas a metade da largura de colheita. Já para as colhedoras com dimensões de plataformas de 12,5 e 17 pés de corte é recomendado que seja amostrado toda a largura de colheita com uma semi-amplitude do intervalo de confiança igual a 20% da média para todas as colhedoras.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n8p593-599

Influence of structural and surface properties of Nb2O5 pellets on methylene blue adsorption and adsorbent reuse capacity
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Santos, A. L. dos

; Amaral, Á. L. S. do

; Souza, C. R. S.

; Batista, D. C.

; Paris, E. C.

; Figueiredo, A. T. de

; Giraldi, T. R.

Cerâmica

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apr 2023, Volume 69 N. 390 Pages 133 - 140

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to describe the preparation of Nb2O5 pellets by uniaxial pressing, to investigate the influence of heat treatment at different temperatures (800, 900, and 1000 °C) on the physical, surface, microstructural, and adsorptive properties of the materials, and to assess their potential as reusable adsorbents for methylene blue removal. Specimens treated at 800 °C contained a mixture of monoclinic and hexagonal phases, with a predominance of monoclinic structures. By contrast, heat treatment at 900 °C and above resulted in complete conversion to the monoclinic phase. The surface of Nb2O5 particles contained basic groups, possibly oxygen ions (O-). Experimental investigations showed that methylene blue adsorption followed second-order kinetics, suggesting chemical diffusion as the dominant process. Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 6.0. Pellets remained intact after the adsorption test. A study was carried out to determine the reusability of pellets over five adsorption cycles in methylene blue solutions at different concentrations. The maximum adsorbed concentration was 10.4 mg.L-1. The adsorption capacity of Nb2O5 specimens gradually decreased from 56% in the first cycle to 25% in the fifth cycle. Despite this reduction in removal efficiency, Nb2O5 pellets showed promise as reusable adsorbents in heterogeneous processes because of their high potential adsorption capacity and easy separation from the reaction medium.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693903426

Are Previous Joint Injuries Associated with Muscle Performance in Volleyball Athletes?
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Bittencourt, Natália F. N.

; Amaral, Giovanna M.

; Zuin, Alysson L.

; Mascarenhas, Rodrigo de O.

; Silva, Anderson A.

; Silva, Hytalo de J.

; Mendonça, Luciana D.

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

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feb 2023, Volume 58 N. 1 Pages 36 - 41

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study is to determine whether previous shoulder and knee injuries were associated with isokinetic fatigue index and agonist/antagonist ratio of shoulder internal/external rotators and knee flexors/extensors in male volleyball athletes. Methods The current study is a cross-sectional investigation of 49 male elite volleyball players competing at a high level in Brazil. Isokinetic fatigue index and agonist/antagonist profiles were assessed during the preseason. Additionally, in order to record previous injuries, the athletes answered a standardized questionnaire. We conducted a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to determine the association strength and the clinically relevant cut-off point for variables presenting statistical significance for the area under the curve (AUC) (α = 0.05). An independent t-test was used to compare isokinetic variables between athletes with and without previous injury (α = 0.05). Results The results of the ROC curve analysis indicated that hamstring fatigue index values at 300o/s were associated with the presence of previous knee injury (area under the curve [AUC] = 73%, p= 0.004), and shoulder external rotators fatigue index values at 360°/s were not associated with the presence of previous shoulder injury (AUC = 68%, p= 0.053). Conclusions Elite volleyball athletes who reported previous knee injuries were prone to a higher fatigue index than those reporting no injuries. Knee flexor resistance training might be useful for those athletes who reported knee injuries in the previous season.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo é determinar se lesões prévias de ombro e joelho estavam associadas ao índice de fadiga isocinética e razão agonista/antagonista dos rotadores internos/externos do ombro e flexores/extensores do joelho em jogadores de voleibol. Métodos Esta é uma investigação transversal com 49 jogadores de voleibol de elite que competem em alto nível no Brasil. O índice de fadiga isocinética e os perfis de agonistas/antagonistas foram avaliados durante a pré-temporada. Além disso, para registro de lesões anteriores, os atletas responderam a um questionário padronizado. Conduzimos uma análise da curva de característica de operação do receptor (receiver operating characteristic, ROC) para determinar a força de associação e o ponto de corte clinicamente relevante de variáveis com significância estatística na área sob a curva (AUC) (α = 0,05). Um teste t independente comparou as variáveis isocinéticas entre atletas com e sem lesão prévia (α = 0,05). Resultados Os resultados da análise da curva ROC indicam que os valores do índice de fadiga dos isquiotibiais a 300o/s foram associados à presença de lesão prévia no joelho (área soba a curva [AUC] = 73%, p= 0,004), enquanto os valores do índice de fadiga dos rotadores externos do ombro a 360°/s não foram associados à presença de lesão prévia no ombro (AUC = 68%, p= 0.053). Conclusões Atletas de voleibol de elite que relataram lesões anteriores no joelho estavam propensos a um índice de fadiga maior do que aqueles que não relataram lesões. O treinamento de resistência de flexores do joelho pode ser útil para atletas com relatos de lesões no joelho na temporada anterior.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1745801

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Aerobiology in High Latitudes: Evidence of Bacteria Acting as Tracer of Warm Air Mass Advection reaching Northern Antarctic Peninsula
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CATALDO, MARCIO

; EVANGELISTA, HEITOR

; PEREIRA, JOSÉ AUGUSTO A.

; BERTHO, ÁLVARO LUIZ

; PELLIZARI, VIVIAN

; KUHN, EMANUELE

; SAMPAIO, MARCELO

; CUNHA, KENYA D. DA

; ALENCAR, ALEXANDRE S.

; ANJOS, DAFNE

; AMARAL, CESAR

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 3 elocation e20210807

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Despite the extent use of geochemical tracers to track warm air mass origin reaching the Antarctic continent, we present here evidences that microorganisms being transported by the atmosphere and deposited in fresh snow layers of Antarctic ice sheets do act as tracers of air mass advection from the Southern Patagonia region to Northern Antarctic Peninsula. We combined atmospheric circulation data with microorganism content in snow/firn samples collected in two sites of the Antarctic Peninsula (King George Island/Wanda glacier and Detroit Plateau) by using flow cytometer quantification. In addition, we cultivated, isolated and submitted samples to molecular sequencing to precise species classification. Viable gram-positive bacteria were found and recovered in different snow/firn layers samples, among dead and living cells, their number concentration was compared to northern wind component, stable isotopes of oxygen, d18O, and the concentration of crustal elements (Fe, Ti and Ca). Use of satellite images combined with air mass back-trajectory analysis obtained from the NOAA/ HYSPLIT model corroborated the results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320210807

Os lusíadas, 450 anos depois: hipóteses de leitura
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Felipe, Cleber Vinicius do Amaral

História da Historiografia

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dec 2022, Volume 15 N. 40 Pages 87 - 115

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract: This article gathers information and analysis for interpreting Os lusíadas (1572), by Camões, without naturalizing the romantic criteria that universalize the artistic categories and attentive to the codes of composition of the epic, which are rhetorical, imitative, prescriptive, turned to a providential conception of time and to a notion of truth that is not dissociated from the mysteries of Christian metaphysics. The explanation of concepts such as “author”, “reader”, “epic”, among others, helps to historicize the contemporary precepts of 16th century poetic production. As the heroic verse is not only the repository of epigraphs or “illustration” of the historical fact, to be conceived as a document or source, it is necessary to consider what establishes its legibility and touches its context of composition, which took place in the Portuguese court society from the time of King d. Sebastião. Finally, this text investigates different modes of reception without erasing their cultural differences. This path seeks to demonstrate that the poem condenses the dilemmas of an era and sustains the plus ultra, the action that defies limits by assuming the global reach of the Portuguese initiative.

Resumo: Este artigo reúne informações e análises para um primeiro esforço de interpretação d’ Os lusíadas (1572), de Camões, alheio aos critérios românticos de universalização das categorias artísticas e atento aos códigos de composição da épica, que são retóricos, imitativos, prescritivos, voltados para uma concepção providencial de tempo e para uma noção de verdade amparada nos mistérios que fundamentam a metafísica cristã. A explicitação de conceitos como autor, leitor, epopeia, dentre outros, ajuda a historicizar o repertório coevo da produção poética quinhentista. Se o verso heroico não é, apenas, depositário de epígrafes ou “ilustração” dos “fatos históricos”, a partir do momento em que é concebido como documento ou fonte, faz-se necessário considerar aquilo que institui sua legibilidade e tangencia seu contexto de composição, sediado na sociedade de corte portuguesa do tempo do Rei d. Sebastião. Por fim, este texto investiga diferentes modalidades de recepção sem apagar suas diferenças culturais. Tal percurso busca demonstrar que o poema condensa os dilemas de uma época e sustenta o plus ultra, a ação que desafia limites ao supor o alcance global da iniciativa lusitana.

https://doi.org/10.15848/hh.v15i40.1929

Valorization of Hesperidin from Citrus Residues: Evaluation of Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Hesperidin-Mg Complex and Their Insecticidal Activity
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Silva, Danielle F. da

; Bomfim, João P. A.

; Marchi, Rafael C.

; Amaral, Jéssica C.

; Pinto, Luciano S.

; Carlos, Rose M.

; Ferreira, Antonio G.

; Forim, Moacir R.

; Fernandes, João B.

; Silva, Maria F. G. F. da

; Oliveira, Regiane C. de

; Buss, David

; Kirk, William D. J.

; Bruce, Toby J. A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2022, Volume 33 N. 7 Pages 772 - 782

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The aim of the current study was the valorization of hesperidin, the dominant flavonoid in citrus processing waste, by microwave-assisted synthesis of hesperidin-Mg complex, improving its antioxidant activity and insecticidal potential. Here we show, for the first time, that microwave-assisted synthesis of [Mg(hesp)2(phen)]OAc (1) (hesp: hesperidin, phen: phenanthroline) improve the reaction rate and yield. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments proved to be powerful tools for the identification of three isomers in metal complexes. Moreover, we explore the insecticidal potential of 1 and [Mg(phen)2(Isov)]OAc (2) (Isov : isovanillic acid) complexes against three insects. Complex 1 killed 80% of adults whitefly at 0.14 μmol L-1, and 2 76% at 0.36 μmol L-1. There was a total mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda with 2 at 0.39 μmol L-1, and 83% with 1 at 0.14 μmol L-1. Both have similar activity, and represent a novel group of insecticide for Bemisia tabaci and S. frugiperda; nevertheless, the benefits of both as Myzus persicae repellent require further evaluation.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220050

AS MULHERES GANHADORAS DO NOBEL DE QUÍMICA (1901 - 2020)
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Silveira, Camila

; Amaral, Clarice D. B.

; Pantano, Glaucia

; Simões, Tatiana R. G.

Química Nova

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may 2022, Volume 45 N. 5 Pages 636 - 646

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

This paper contemplates the scientific contributions of the seven winners, from the creation of the Nobel Prize to the year 2020. The laureates are Marie Curie, Irène Joliot-Curie, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, Ada Yonath, Frances Hamilton Arnold, Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier, and Jennifer Anne Doudna. In 112th editions of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, there were 186 awards, where only seven winners were women, an amount less than 4% of the total, which makes clear the low female representation. Marie was the pioneer, being the first woman to win, alone, a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. She was the only woman to win two Nobel Prizes, and the only person awarded in two distinct scientific areas: Chemistry and Physics. Only Marie and Dorothy received the award alone, Irène, Ada and Frances shared the award with men, and Emmanuelle and Jennifer became the first pair of women to share a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. There is an evident under-representation of women in the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, but this should not be a reason not to remember and celebrate the trajectory of these brilliant scientists, who must be present in training courses in scientific areas, as well as in Basic Education schools.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170872

10.

Pediatric population with cystic fibrosis in the centre of Portugal: candidates for new therapies
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Roda, Juliana

; Teixeira, Teresa

; Silva, Iris Al

; Silva, Teresa Reis

; Ferreira, Ricardo

; Amaral, Margarida D.

; Oliveira, Guiomar

Jornal de Pediatria

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apr 2022, Volume 98 N. 2 Pages 212 - 217

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a severe autosomal recessive disease that results from mutations in a gene encoding the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein, a chloride channel. This study aims to characterize the clinical and genetic features of a cohort of pediatric people with CF (PwCF) in the center of Portugal and to determine which ones are candidates for the new drugs modulating the CFTR channel. Methods: A review of the demographic, genetic and clinical characteristics of PwCF undergoing follow-up at a CF reference center was carried out. Results: Twenty-three PwCF (12 male), with a median age of 12 years, were followed up. All patients carry the F508del mutation in at least one allele. Fifteen PwCF were F508del-homozygous, median BMI z-score was -0.13, all are pancreatic insufficient and median FEV1 value was 78.1%. These PwCF are eligible for dual therapy (lumacaftor/tezacaftor+ivacaftor) and for triple therapy (tezacaftor+ivacaftor+elexacaftor). PwCF with 711 +1G->T (n = 2), 2184insA (n = 1) mutations and a novel mutation c.3321dup (n = 1) have minimal function mutation and patients with a residual function mutation: R334W (n = 3) and P5L (n = 1) have a less severe phenotype. All these patients, because they also carry F508del mutation, are elegible to triple therapy. Conclusions: Genetic and molecular characterization of PwCF poses an important step not just for CF diagnosis and prognosis which is tightly correlated with the clinical phenotype, but also for the eligibility of CFTR modulator drugs.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.05.010

11.

Análise do Valor-p Determinado pela Estatística τ na Aplicação do Teste de Dickey-Fuller Aumentado
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SILVEIRA, A. G.

; MATTOS, V. L. D.

; NAKAMURA, L. R.

; AMARAL, M. C.

; KONRATH, A. C.

; BORNIA, A. C.

Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics

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apr 2022, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 283 - 298

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O presente artigo avaliou a interferência da quantidade de defasagens utilizadas no resultado do valor-p associado à estatística utilizada no teste de Dickey-Fuller aumentado (ADF), bem como identificou algumas propriedades das séries estudadas que interferem em seu resultado. Foram realizados três experimentos com séries de diferentes amplitudes, considerando estrutura do modelo em relação à presença ou não de constante e/ou tendência, e quantidade de defasagens como fatores. Modelos autorregressivos do tipo AR(1) foram considerados para a geração de dados pelo método de Monte Carlo, que poderiam apresentar diferentes intensidades para o coeficiente associado à primeira defasagem. Depois da aplicação do teste ADF, foram determinadas as proporções de rejeição da hipótese nula em cada condição experimental, sendo utilizada uma análise de variância com a estatística qui-quadrado para verificar a influência da quantidade de defasagens no valor-p. Os resultados mostram que se houver raiz unitária, o teste apresenta bons resultados, independentemente da quantidade de defasagens considerada. Entretanto, o mesmo não foi observado nos casos em que a série temporal não apresenta raiz unitária.

ABSTRACT In this paper we evaluate how much influence the number of selected lags has in the p-value obtained from the statistic considered in an augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF). Three experiments with different series sizes were carried out considering the presence (or not) of a constant and/or trend, and also different number of lags. Autoregressive models (AR1) are used in the data generating process through the Monte Carlo method, considering different values for the coefficient associated with the first lag. After the application of the ADF test, we calculate the proportion of times when the null hypothesis was rejected in each scenario, and perform an analysis of variance (considering chi-square statistic) to verify the influence of the number of selected lags in the p-value. Results show that if a unit root is verified, then the test presents a good performance, regardless of the number of lags. However, the same was not observed in cases where the time series does not present a unit root.

https://doi.org/10.5540/tcam.2022.023.02.00283

12.

Spray chilling on carcass weight loss, and physicochemical and microbiological quality of beef cuts during storage
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Prado, Cristiano Sales

; Lage, Moacir Evandro

; Souza, Maria Izabel Amaral

; Duarte, Francine Oliveira Souza

; Gebara, Clarice

; Nicolau, Edmar Soares

; Nunes, Iolanda Aparecida

; Oliveira, Antônio Nonato de

; Minafra-Rezende, Cintia Silva

Ciência Rural

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2022, Volume 52 N. 4 elocation e20210395

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Diferentes tratamentos de resfriamento são utilizados antes da estocagem das carnes. O efeito da aspersão de carcaças (SC) na qualidade da carne parece variar. Neste estudo, investigou-se os efeitos da aspersão de carcaças bovinas na perda de peso e na qualidade da carne durante subsequente estocagem. O programa de aspersão testado foi de um tempo total de 2 h, com uma aspersão inicial de 180 s, seguida por ciclos de aspersão de 60 s em intervalos de 540 s. Os cortes comerciais desossados “Peixinho” (IMPS 116B) foram embalados a vácuo e estocados por até 60 dias. Foram avaliadas as perdas por exsudação e cozimento, força de cisalhamento por Warner-Bratzler, cor da carne (CIE L*, a*, b*) e qualidade microbiológica. SC reduziu a perda de peso da carcaça (P < 0,001) em comparação com o resfriamento convencional. No entanto, o tempo de estocagem influenciou a perda por exsudação, por cozimento e força de cisalhamento. Os valores de CIE a* e b* aumentaram (P < 0,05) após 30 dias de maturação em ambos os tratamentos de resfriamento. O crescimento pronunciado de psicrotróficos foi observado durante a estocagem em ambos os tratamentos. Em conclusão, o SC pode ser usado para reduzir as perdas econômicas associadas ao resfriamento da carne, sem afetar os atributos de qualidade da carne.

ABSTRACT: Different chilling treatments are used before meat storage. The effect of spray chilling (SC) on meat quality appears to vary. Here, we investigated the effects of SC on beef carcass weight loss and meat quality during subsequent storage. The 2-h SC program tested involved 180-s initial spraying, followed by 60-s spray cycles at 540-s intervals. Deboned chuck tender (IMPS 116B) beef cuts were vacuum-packaged and stored for up to 60 d. Purge and cooking losses, Warner-Bratzler shear force, meat colour [CIE L*, a*, b*], and microbiological quality were evaluated. SC reduced carcass weight loss (P<0.001) compared with conventional chilling. However, storage time affected the purge and cooking losses, and Warner-Bratzler shear force. CIE a* and b* values increased (P<0.05) after 30-d aging in both chilling treatments. Pronounced psychrotrophic growth was observed during storage after both treatments. In conclusion, SC can be used to reduce the economic losses associated with meat chilling, without affecting meat quality attributes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210395 88 downloads

13.

Gastrointestinal parasites in captive and free-living wild birds in Goiania Zoo
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Melo, Y. J. O.

; Ferraz, H. T.

; Saturnino, K. C.

; Silva, T. D. P.

; Braga, I. A.

; Amaral, A. V. C.

; Meirelles-Bartoli, R. B.

; Ramos, D. G. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e240386

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Helmintos são endoparasitas que infectam uma variedade de espécies de aves. As infecções por endoparasitas podem causar doenças graves, podendo matar aves em cativeiro e representam um problema de manutenção e conservação. Os ovos e as formas larvais desses parasitas são geralmente eliminados nas fezes do hospedeiro. O principal objetivo deste estudo é relatar a ocorrência de ovos e oocistos em fezes de aves silvestres em cativeiro no Zoológico de Goiânia e em aves de vida livre em seu entorno. As amostras fecais foram submetidas a exame parasitológico para identificação da presença de helmintos e classificação dos ovos com base nas características morfológicas. Ovos de nematóides (Positivo/N) foram identificados como Ascaridia spp. em Brotogeris chiriri (2/2), Dromaius novaehollandiae (1/1) e Rhea americana (2/2); Ascarididae em Pavo cristatus nigripensis (1/1); Capillaria spp. em Ara chloropterus (1/1) e Penelope jacucaca (1/1); Capillaria plagiaticia em Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus (1/2) e Ara spp. (2/2); Capillaria venusta em Rhamphastus tucanus (1/2); e ovos de nematóide não identificado de Amazona amazonica (2/2). Oocistos de Eimeria spp. foram encontrados nas fezes de A. hyacinthinus (1/2). Considerando pássaros de vida livre, ovos de Diphyllobothrium spp. foram encontrados em Ardea alba (2/2) e Nycticorax nycticorax (2/3). Coinfecção de Eustrongylides spp. foi encontradada em A. alba (1/2). Esta é a primeira ocorrência de: Ascaridia spp. parasitando B. chiriri; e C. venusta parasitando R. tucanus. Em conclusão, os ovos de helmintos encontrados nas espécies de aves hospedeiras acima mencionadas são consistentes com os relatados na literatura, e os protocolos de tratamento e controle foram baseados em sua identificação.

Abstract Helminths are endoparasites that infect a variety of bird species. Endoparasite infections can cause severe diseases, including kill captive avian hosts and represents a problem to maintenance and conservation. The eggs and larval forms of these parasites are usually eliminated in the host feces. The main interest of this study is to report the occurrence of eggs and oocysts in feces from captive wild birds in Goiânia Zoo and free-living birds in its surroundings. The fecal samples were subjected to parasitological examination to identify the presence of helminths and to classify their eggs based on morphological characteristics. Eggs of nematode parasites (Positive/N) were identified as Ascaridia spp. in Brotogeris chiriri (2/2), Dromaius novaehollandiae (1/1) and Rhea americana (2/2); Ascarididae in Pavo cristatus nigripensis (1/1); Capillaria spp. in Ara chloropterus (1/1) and Penelope jacucaca (1/1); Capillaria plagiaticia in Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus (1/2) and Ara spp. (2/2); Capillaria venusta in Rhamphastus tucanus (1/2); and unidentified nematode eggs from Amazona amazonica (2/2). Eimeria spp. oocyst was founded in feces from A. hyacinthinus (1/2). Considering free-living birds, Diphyllobothrium spp. eggs were founded in Ardea alba (2/2) and Nycticorax nycticorax (2/3). Co-infection of Eustrongylides spp. was founded in A. alba (1/2). This is the first occurrence of: Ascaridia spp. parasitizing B. chiriri; and C. venusta parasitizing R. tucanus. In conclusion, the helminth eggs found in the abovementioned host bird species are consistent with those reported in the literature, and treatment and control protocols were based on their identification.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.240386 327 downloads

14.

Medical adherence in the time of social distancing: a brief report on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adherence to treatment in patients with diabetes
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Franco, Debora Wilke

; Alessi, Janine

; Becker, Alice Scalzilli

; Amaral, Bibiana Brino do

; Oliveira, Giovana Berger de

; Schaan, Beatriz D.

; Telo, Gabriela Heiden

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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aug 2021, Volume 65 N. 4 Pages 517 - 521

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the impact of social distancing determined by the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment adherence using the Self-Care Inventory-revised in adults with diabetes mellitus. In type 1 diabetes, the adherence score was lower during than before social distancing.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000362 309 downloads

15.

Solventes eutéticos naturais profundos (NADES) no preparo de amostras de rocha fosfática e suplemento mineral para determinação elementar por técnicas de plasma
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Santana, Ana P. R.

; Andrade, Daniel F.

; Guimarães, Taciana G. S.

; Amaral, Clarice D. B.

; Oliveira, Andrea

; Nogueira, Ana R. A.

; Gonzalez, Mario H.

Química Nova

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jun 2021, Volume 44 N. 6 Pages 689 - 695

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) based on xylitol, citric acid, and malic acid were synthesized and used in ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and heating-bath extraction of phosphate rock and mineral supplement samples. Arsenic, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The results showed the NADES as promising solvents for extraction of inorganic matrices compared to reference values and concentrations obtained using microwave-assisted acid digestion (MW-AD). Significant differences were observed for some elements, suggesting different chemical interactions between the synthesized NADES and each monitored element. For analytes extraction of phosphate rock, UAE presented the best results for As, Cr and P. Zinc was extracted with UAE and heating bath. Concerning mineral supplement, no significant differences were observed for Ca (UAE), Cd (UAE and heating bath), K (UAE and heating bath), Mn (UAE and heating bath), Na (UAE and heating bath), and P (UAE and heating bath). The NADES is a greener and a potentially alternative for the sample preparation compared to the official methods of analysis, can being used as selective extractor solvent in conventional sample preparation methods.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170723 130 downloads

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