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Sodium Intake Targets in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Real-Life Challenge
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Castro, Pedro Almiro e

; Correia, Ana Luísa

; Mira, Filipe

; Cerqueira, Sofia

; Oliveira, Nuno Afonso

; Maia, Pedro

; Alves, Rui

Portuguese Journal of Nephrology & Hypertension

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dec 2023, Volume 37 N. 4 Pages 207 - 211

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: Optimal fluid balance in peritoneal dialysis requires adequate urinary and peritoneal water and sodium removal and restriction of dietary sodium intake (<2 g/day). We aim to study the relationship between sodium intake, blood pressure control and medication burden in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study of chronic peritoneal dialysis patients followed in our hospital in March 2022. We estimated patient’s sodium intake according to the equations proposed by Kim et al. Mean ambulatory blood pressure was categorized in controlled, stage one, stage two and stage three hypertension. A qualitative evaluation of sodium intake was done by asking patients about their compliance with a low-salt diet. Results: Eighty-two patients: mostly men, with a mean age of 54.1±14.7 years and dialysis vintage of 26.2±18.7 months. Most patients were on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (63.4%) and the mean weekly Kt/V was 2.2±0.4. A percentage of 85.4% of our patients had residual diuresis, averaged at 1257±867 mL/day. Mean dietary sodium intake was 3.5±1.1 g; it was higher in men and patients with uncontrolled hypertension, regardless of age, dialysis vintage and other comorbidities. We found a strong correlation between dietary sodium intake and residual diuresis, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and the number of anti-hypertensive drugs. Patients with a sodium intake ≥ 3.3 g had higher risk of uncontrolled BP and higher medication burden. Qualitative evaluation of this sub-population revealed that only 2.3% (n=1) admitted non-compliance with a low-sodium diet. Conclusion: We found a strong correlation between estimated dietary sodium consumption, blood pressure control and medication burden. Most importantly, there was a striking difference between patient’s perception of sodium consumption and the actual results. Our results highlight the importance of dietary salt restriction in blood pressure control and reinforce the need for a dietary consultation in peritoneal dialysis patients.

https://doi.org/10.32932/pjnh.2023.11.265

Influence of Breastfeeding Time on Caloric Composition and IL-10 and TNF-α Cytokines, Fatty Acids, and Triacylglycerol in Human Milk Colostrum in Previous, Intermediate, and Posterior Milk
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Castro, Matheus C

; Oliveira, Francieli S

; Alves, Eloize S

; Zacarias, Joana M. V

; Alencar, Josiane B

; Silva, Jiuliane M. da

; Visentainer, Jeane E. L

; Santos, Oscar O

; Visentainer, Jesui V

; Ichisato, Sueli M. T

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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feb 2023, Volume 34 N. 2 Pages 201 - 212

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The composition of human milk (HM) includes changes under the influence of factors such as genetics, stage of lactation, time of day, and even breastfeeding time. However, the authors are not aware of studies that evaluated the influence of breastfeeding time on fatty acid composition and cytokine. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of breastfeeding time (previous, intermediate, posterior milk) on kilocalorie concentration, fatty acid (FA) composition, and concentration of the cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon factors for necrotic tumor (TNF-α) in HM colostrum. The results showed that the concentration of kilocalories was higher in posterior milk than in the previous, the composition of the main fatty acids found in the samples was influenced by the breastfeeding time, and the concentration of IL-10 and TNF-α was influenced in all samples with exception to mother 2. The principal component analysis explained 71% of the variances in the results. Thus, we concluded that the breastfeeding time is a factor that influences the concentration of kilocalories, and if it is necessary to use a more caloric milk, it is recommended to use the posterior milk; the FAs composition and the evaluated cytokines were also influenced by the breastfeeding time.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220099

Quantitative Metallographic Parameters to Describe Microstructures of Multiphase Materials
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Alves, André Luiz Moraes

; Assis, Weslley Luiz da Silva

; Rios, Paulo Rangel

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e20220476

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract One typically characterizes the transformation kinetics of a parent phase, α, into a single phase, β, by measuring the volume fraction transformed, V V β, against time. Sometimes one also reports the interfacial area density between the new and the parent phase, S V α β, against the volume fraction transformed. S V α β is a dynamic interface. It migrates as the growth of the new phase takes place. Interfaces between transformed phases might be called static interfaces. These may be present before transformation starts, for example, grain boundaries of a polycrystalline parent phase. Alternatively, static interfaces, S V β β , may appear during the transformation because of impingement. Therefore, one may better understand the microstructural evolution following the behavior of the volume fraction, dynamic and static interfaces. A more complicated situation occurs if the parent phase transforms into two or more product phases, for example, α→β,γ. In this work, we apply parameters to describe the transformation of a parent phase into a single phase, the contiguity and the dispersion, to the situation in which the parent phase transforms into two or more phases. We tested these parameters against computer simulations and concluded that they combine a good description of the behavior of the simulated transformations and simplicity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0476

Reaction of non-cucurbitacea to Monosporascus spp.
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Tavares, Moisés Bento

; Negreiros, Andréia Mitsa Paiva

; Cavalcante, Allinny Luzia Alves

; Oliveira, Sara Hellen Fernandes de

; Armengol, Josep

; Sales Júnior, Rui

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2023, Volume 54 elocation e20218323

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT With the recent discovery of five new species of the Monosporascus genus, a fungal genus involved in “Monosporascus root rot and vine decline,” pathogenicity studies have become important to understand the impact of these new species on cultivated plants, mainly on plant species used as an alternative for crop rotation. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of Monosporascus spp. in non-cucurbitaceous cultures. The tests were carried out in duplicate in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with the treatments: One isolate of each species of Monosporascus (M. brasiliensis, M. caatinguensis, M. cannonballus, M. mossoroensis, M. nordestinus, and M. semiaridus) and the absolute control, and five cultures (cowpea, jack bean, corn, sorghum, and bell pepper). Seeds of these cultures were sown in pots containing soil + Tropstrate HT® (ratio 2:1, v / v), previously inoculated with wheat seeds colonized with the species of Monosporascus. After 50 days of sowing, plants were evaluated for incidence, disease severity, length of shoot and roots, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots. All inoculated Monosporascus species were able to induce damage in cowpea and bell pepper cultures, with M. cannonballus being the most aggressive. Corn, jack beans, and sorghum presented few or no symptoms of the disease and may be indicated as alternative cultures to be used in crop rotation with cucurbits. Studies with a greater number of isolates and cultivars for each culture tested in this study should be carried out to strengthen the data obtained.

RESUMO Com a descoberta recente de cinco novas espécies do gênero Monosporascus, gênero fúngico envolvido na “podridão das raízes por Monosporascus e declínio das ramas”, estudos de patogenicidade tem se tornado importante para conhecer o impacto dessas novas espécies em plantas cultivadas, principalmente sobre espécies vegetais utilizadas como alternativa de rotação de culturas. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a patogenicidade de Monosporascus spp. em culturas não-cucurbitáceas. Os ensaios foram realizados em duplicata, em casa-de-vegetação, utilizando o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, tendo como tratamentos: um isolado de cada espécie de Monosporascus (M. brasiliensis, M. caatinguensis, M. cannonballus, M. mossoroensis, M. nordestinus e M. semiaridus) e a testemunha absoluta, e cinco culturas (feijão-caupi, feijão-de-porco, milho sorgo e pimentão). Sementes destas culturas foram semeadas em vasos contendo solo + Tropstrato HT® (proporção 2:1, v / v), previamente inoculados com sementes de trigo colonizadas com as espécies de Monosporascus. Após 50 dias da semeadura, as plantas foram avaliadas quanto a incidência, severidade da doença, comprimento da parte aérea e das raízes, peso fresco e seco da parte aérea e raízes. Todas as espécies de Monosporascus induziram danos em feijão-caupi e pimentão, sendo M. cannonballus a espécie mais agressiva. O milho, feijão-de-porco e sorgo apresentaram poucos ou nenhum sintoma da doença, podendo ser indicadas como culturas alternativas a serem usadas em rotação de cultivo com cucurbitáceas. Estudos com um maior número de isolados e cultivares para cada cultura testada neste estudo deverão ser realizados para fortalecer os dados obtidos.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230013

Health-related quality of life in children with cerebral palsy associated with congenital Zika infection
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Marques, Fernanda Jordão Pinto

; Carvalho, Alessandra Lemos de

; Borigato, Eliana Valverde Magro

; Oliveira, Luiz Felipe Vieira de

; Duarte, Lenamaris Mendes Rocha

; Silva, Adriana Goncalves da

; Amarante, Claret Luiz Dias

; Pereira, Laura Jácome de Melo

; Tavares, Elise Ferreira

; Costa, Lilian Gleice de Sena da

; Alcântara, Carolina Alves Rezende

; Salinas, Andrea Nakamura

; Pinto, Fernanda de Lourdes da Cunha

; Alcântara, Gerliane Carvalho de

; Utsch, Fabiana

; Silva, Cinthia Ramos Diniz

; Reis, Dirlene Araujo dos

; Bessa, Wilerson Marques

; Dutra, Rafaela Christine

; Ventura, Paloma

; Oliveira, Tatiana Souza

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2023, Volume 41 elocation e2022016

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective: To describe the health-related quality of life (QOL) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) associated with congenital Zika infection. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a consecutive series of children, followed in a referral multicentric rehabilitation network in Brazil. We invited the caregivers to respond to the Brazilian version of the Caregiver Priorities & Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILDTM) questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 26.0™. We used absolute and relative frequencies for categorical variables and mean and standard deviation for continuous variables. Results: The sample consisted of 193 children, at mean age of 50.3±7.6 months. We observed a predominance of children with cerebral palsy (CP) with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level V (93.7%). Epilepsy (88.4%) was the most common comorbidity. CPCHILDTM mean scores were activities of daily living (ADL)/personal care 43.2±12.6; positioning, transferring and mobility 33.7±16.5; comfort and emotions 84.4±15.2; communication and social interaction (CoSI) 48.2±24.3; health 70.9±17.1; and overall quality of life (OQOL) 72.1±17.1. Total score was 54.8±11.3. Conclusions: Among children with cerebral palsy (CP) related to congenital Zika syndrome, the quality of life (QOL) scores were very similar to other populations with cerebral palsy (CP). The activities of positioning, transferring and mobility had the greatest impact on health-related quality of life (QOL). Rehabilitation strategies and public policies should prioritize aspects related to mobility for this population.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em crianças com paralisia cerebral associada à infecção congênita pelo zika. Métodos: Estudo transversal de série consecutiva de casos de crianças acompanhadas em uma rede multicêntrica de reabilitação no Brasil. Convidamos o(s) cuidador(es) a responder à versão brasileira do Caregiver Priorities & Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILDTM). A análise estatística foi realizada com o pacote estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 26.0™. Para variáveis categóricas, foram utilizadas frequências absolutas e relativas e, para variáveis contínuas, média e desvio padrão. Resultados: Cento e noventa e três crianças, com idade média de 50,3±7,6 meses, foram incluídas. Observou-se predomínio de crianças com paralisia cerebral Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) nível V (93,7%). Epilepsia (88,4%) foi a comorbidade mais comum. As pontuações médias do CPCHILDTM foram: atividades de vida diária/cuidados pessoais 43,2±12,6; posicionamento, transferência e mobilidade 33,7±16,5; conforto e emoções 84,4±15,2; comunicação e interação social 48,2±24,3; saúde 70,9±17,1; e qualidade de vida geral 72,1±17,1. A pontuação total foi 54,8±11,3. Conclusões: Entre as crianças com paralisia cerebral relacionada à síndrome do zika congênita, as atividades de posicionamento, transferência e mobilidade tiveram maior impacto na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, semelhantemente a outras etiologias de paralisia cerebral. As estratégias de reabilitação e as políticas públicas devem priorizar os aspectos relacionados à mobilidade dessa população.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2022016

First report of putative Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) in Leishmania infantum strains from canine and human visceral leishmaniasis cases in the southeast of Brazil
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Rêgo, Felipe Dutra

; da Silva, Eduardo Sérgio

; Lopes, Valeriana Valadares

; Teixeira-Neto, Rafael Gonçalves

; Belo, Vinícius Silva

; Fonseca Júnior, Antônio Augusto

; Pereira, Diego Andrade

; Pena, Heber Paulino

; Laurenti, Márcia Dalastra

; Araújo, Gabriela V

; da Matta, Vânia Lúcia Ribeiro

; Chouman, Islam Hussein

; Burrin, Thainá Bergantin

; Sandoval, Carmen M

; Barrouin-Melo, Stella Maria

; de Pinho, Flaviane Alves

; de Andrade, Hélida Monteiro

; Nunes, Ramon Vieira

; Gontijo, Célia Maria Ferreira

; Soccol, Vanete Thomaz

; Klocek, Donnamae

; Grybchuk, Danyil

; Macedo, Diego Henrique

; do Monte-Neto, Rubens Lima

; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav

; Soares, Rodrigo Pedro

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e230071

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) is commonly found in South American Leishmania parasites belonging to the subgenus Viannia, whereas Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) was previously thought to be restricted to the Old-World pathogens of the subgenus Leishmania. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the presence of LRV2 in strains of Leishmania (L.) infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), originating from different hosts, clinical forms, and geographical regions. METHODS A total of seventy-one isolates were screened for LRV2 using semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene. FINDINGS We detected LRV2 in two L. infantum isolates (CUR268 and HP-EMO) from canine and human cases, respectively. MAIN CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of LRV2 in the New World.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230071

Decreasing delays in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Brazil: a nationwide multicenter observational study
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Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires de

; Reis, Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides

; Santos, Ana Beatriz Vargas

; Bértolo, Manoel Barros

; Louzada Júnior, Paulo

; Giorgi, Rina Dalva Neubarth

; Radominski, Sebastião Cezar

; Guimarães, Maria Fernanda B. Resende

; Bonfiglioli, Karina Rossi

; Sauma, Maria de Fátima L. da Cunha

; Pereira, Ivânio Alves

; Brenol, Claiton Viegas

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique da

; Santos Neto, Leopoldo

; Pinheiro, Geraldo R. Castelar

Advances in Rheumatology

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2023, Volume 63 elocation 3

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Management delays imply worse outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and, therefore, should be minimized. We evaluated changes in diagnostic and treatment delays regarding RA in the last decades in Brazil. Methods Adults fulfilling the ACR/EULAR (2010) criteria for RA were assessed. Delays in diagnosis and treatment, and the frequencies of early management initiation within thresholds (windows of opportunity) of 3, 6, and 12 months from symptoms onset were evaluated. The Mann–Kendall trend test, chi-squared tests with Cramer’s V effect sizes and analysis of variance were conducted. Results We included 1116 patients: 89.4% female, 56.8% white, mean (SD) age 57.1 (11.5) years. A downward trend was found in diagnostic (tau = - 0.677, p < 0.001) and treatment (tau = - 0.695, p < 0.001) delays from 1990 to 2015. The frequency of early management increased throughout the period, with ascending effect sizes across the 3-, 6-, and 12-month windows (V = 0.120, 0.200 and 0.261, respectively). Despite all improvements, even in recent years (2011–2015) the diagnostic and treatment delays still remained unacceptably high [median (IQR): 8 (4–12) and 11 (5–17) months, respectively], with only 17.2% of the patients treated within the shortest, 3-month window. Conclusion The delays in diagnosis and treatment of RA decreased during the last decades in Brazil. Improvements (effect sizes) were greater at eliminating extreme delays (≥ 12 months) than in attaining really short management windows (≤ 3 months). Very early treatment was still an unrealistic goal for most patients with RA.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-022-00265-0

Genetic diversity of Xanthomonas phaseoli p v. manihotis populations using rep-PCR and VNTR molecular markers
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Oliveira, Laís Barreto de

; Oliveira, Saulo Alves Santos de

; Moreira, Ricardo Franco Cunha

; Diamantino, Maria Selma Alves Silva

; Ramos, Andresa Priscila de Souza

; Soares, Taliane Leila

; Ferreira, Claudia Fortes

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 58 elocation e03299

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of Xanthomonas phaseoli p v. manihotis (Xpm) from eight populations from five cassava producing states in Brazil, through the rep-PCR (BOX-PCR and ERIC-PCR) and variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) markers. Cassava leaves with symptoms of cassava bacterial blight were collected in eight municipalities, and the Xpm isolates were identified by amplification with primers specific for these isolates. The identity of the Xpm isolates was confirmed with the BOX-PCR, ERIC-PCR, and VNTR markers. The observed selection pressure, together with the mode of reproduction and the mechanisms that increase genetic variability, allows of the pathogen populations to adapt according to microclimate variation, contributing to a differentiated reproductive success. ERIC-PCR and VNTRs are the best markers for evaluating the genetic variability in the eight studied Xpm populations. However, ERIC-PCR is the marker that best separated the groups by population and presented a higher similarity between the isolates of the same population. The study of the genetic diversity of Xpm is key to improve disease monitoring and management strategies in cassava crops.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética de Xa nthomona s phaseoli p v . ma nihot i s (Xpm) de oito populações de cinco estados produtores de mandioca no Brasil, por meio de marcadores rep-PCR (BOX-PCR e ERIC-PCR) e variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs). Folhas de mandioca com sintomas de crestamento bacteriano foram coletadas em oito municípios, e os isolados Xpm foram identificados por amplificação com iniciadores específicos para esses isolados. A identidade dos isolados Xmp foi confirmada com os marcadores BOX-PCR, ERIC-PCR e VNTRs. A pressão de seleção observada, junto com o modo de reprodução e os mecanismos que aumentam a variabilidade genética, permite que as populações do patógeno se adaptem de acordo com a variação dos microclimas, o que contribui para o sucesso reprodutivo diferenciado. ERIC-PCR e VNTRs são os melhores marcadores para avaliar a variabilidade genética das oito populações Xpm estudadas. No entanto, ERIC-PCR é o marcador que melhor separou os grupos por população e apresentou maior similaridade entre os isolados de uma mesma população. O estudo da diversidade genética de Xpm é fundamental para delinear estratégias de manejo e monitoramento de doenças na cultura da mandioca.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03299

Prevalence of subclinical systolic dysfunction in Takayasu's arteritis and its association with disease activity: a cross-sectional study
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Figueiroa, Maria de Lourdes Castro de Oliveira

; Costa, Maria Carolina Moura

; Costa, Maria Clara Moura

; Lobo, Paulo Rocha

; Sanches, Leonardo Vinicius

; Martins, Katia Maria Alves

; Sousa, Anna Paula Mota Duque

; Pedreira, Ana Luisa Souza

; Santiago, Mittermayer Barreto

Advances in Rheumatology

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2023, Volume 63 elocation 41

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a vasculitis that affects the aorta and its branches and causes stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysms. Up to 60% of TA patients are associated with cardiac involvement which confers a poor prognosis. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) analysis is an echocardiographic technique that can detect the presence of subclinical systolic dysfunction. Hence, this study aimed to describe the prevalence of subclinical systolic dysfunction in patients with TA using the GLS method and to correlate this finding with disease activity using the ITAS-2010 (Indian Takayasu Activity Score). Methods Thirty patients over 18 years of age who met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990 criteria for TA were included. The sample was submitted for medical record review, clinical and echocardiographic evaluation, and application of ITAS-2010. The cutoff for systolic dysfunction was GLS > - 20%. Results Of the 30 patients analyzed, 25 (83.3%) were female, and the mean age was 42.6 years (± 13.2). The median time since diagnosis was 7.5 years [range, 3-16.6 years], and the type V angiographic classification was the most prevalent (56.7%). Regarding echocardiographic findings, the median ejection fraction (EF) was 66% [61-71%] and the GLS was - 19.5% [-21.3 to -15.8%]. Although half of the participants had reduced GLS, only two had reduced EF. Eleven patients (33.%) met the criteria for activity. An association was found between disease activity and reduced GLS in eight patients (P = 0.02) using the chi-square test. Conclusion GLS seems to be an instrument capable of the early detection of systolic dysfunction in TA. The association between GLS and disease activity in this study should be confirmed in a study with a larger sample size.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-023-00322-2

10.

Incomplete Petrosphenoidal Foramen: Morphological and Morphometric Analysis and the Proposal of a Classification Study in Brazilian Dry Skulls
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Martinez de Oliveira, Kennedy

; Gonçalves de Souza, Severino Denício

; Liberti, Edson Aparecido

; das Chagas Benevenuto, Gabriel

; Maia de Faria, Gustavo

; Ferreira de Almeida, Ana Clara

; Camillato e Silva, Ana Clara

; Gonçalves, Giuliano Roberto

; Pereira Reis, Yuri

; Magalhães, Walteir Alves

; Landim de Almeida, Valério

; Satiro Oliveira, Maísa de Fátima

; Grecco, Leandro Henrique

; Nicolato, Arthur Adolfo

; Alves dos-Reis, Fabíola

International Journal of Morphology

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2022, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 507 - 515

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: The complete petrosphenoidal foramen, or canal, is an eventual and atavistic bony formation at the boundary between the posterior and middle cranial fossa, by occurrence of ossification of the superior petrosphenoidal ligament. This ligament ossification, which has important clinical and surgical significance, can be complete or incomplete, in variable degrees, and is associated with the passageway of neurovascular structures, such as the abducens nerve and the inferior petrosal sinus. This study, conducted with 175 dry skulls that belong to the University of São Paulo’s collection (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, established criteria for a morphological classification of the incomplete petrosphenoid foramen in nine types. In addition, anatomical parameters were established for the morphometric determination of two diameters: the Oblique Diameter (ObDi) and the Maximum Transverse Diameter (MTD). Thus, of the 175 skulls, 146 (83.42 %) presented some of the incomplete forms of the petrosphenoid foramen, and 43 skulls (29.45 %), due to their conservation characteristics, were habilitated to the morphological study, in the classification and in the morphometry (the types I and II of our classification). The type II (incomplete foramen with bony projections of the petrosal tubercle, of the margin of the dorsum of the hypophyseal fossa or of the posterior clinoid process with a distance between them greater than 1mm) and type V (incomplete foramen with a bony projection only in one of the referential structures - posterior clinoid process) were the most common in this study (50 % of the 86 hemiskulls). Morphometry was attributed only to the types: I selar (incomplete foramen with bony projections from the petrosal tubercle and the margin of the dorsum of the hypophyseal fossa with a distance between them less than or equal to 1mm) and to the type II of this classification. The type I selar (9.3 % of the 43 skulls) resulted in an average of 3.25 mm of MTD and 4.63 mm, on average, of ObDi. The type II (25.58 % of the 43 skulls) showed, on average, 4.93 mm of MTD and 7.01 mm of ObDi.

RESUMEN: El foramen o canal petroesfenoidal completo es una formación ósea eventual y atávica en el límite entre las fosas craneal posterior y media, por osificación del ligamento petroesfenoidal superior. Esta osificación del ligamento, que tiene un importante significado clínico y quirúrgico, puede ser completa o incompleta, en grados variables, y está asociada al paso de estructuras neurovasculares, como el nervio abducente y el seno petroso inferior. Este estudio se realizó en 175 cráneos secos pertenecientes a la colección de la Universidad de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brasil. Se establecieron criterios para una clasificación morfológica del foramen petrosfenoidal incompleto en nueve tipos. Además, se establecieron parámetros anatómicos para la determinación morfométrica de dos diámetros: el Diámetro Oblicuo (ObDi) y el Diámetro Transversal Máximo (MTD). Así, de los 175 cráneos, 146 (83,42 %) presentaron alguna de las formas incompletas del foramen petrosfenoidal, y 43 cráneos (29,45 %), por sus características de conservación, fueron habilitados para el estudio morfológico, en la clasificación y en la morfometría (los tipos I y II de nuestra clasificación). El Tipo II (foramen incompleto con proyecciones óseas del tubérculo petroso, del margen del dorso de la fosa hipofisaria o del proceso clinoides posterior con una distancia entre ellos mayor de 1 mm) y el Tipo V (foramen incompleto con proyección ósea solamente en una de las estructuras referenciales - proceso clinoides posterior) fueron los más comunes en este estudio (50 % de los 86 hemiscráneos). La morfometría se atribuyó únicamente al Tipo I selar (foramen incompleto con proyecciones óseas desde el tubérculo petroso y el margen del dorso de la fosa hipofisaria con una distancia entre ellos menor o igual a 1mm) y al Tipo II de esta clasificación. El Tipo I selar (9,3 % de los 43 cráneos) resultó en un promedio de 3,25 mm de MTD y 4,63 mm, en promedio, de ObDi. El Tipo II (25,58 % de los 43 cráneos) mostró, en promedio, 4,93 mm de MTD y 7,01 mm de ObDi.

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11.

Prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae capsular types among pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro and the impact of a capsular based vaccine
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Barros, Rosana Rocha

; Alves, Karen Baeta

; Luiz, Fernanda Baptista Oliveira

; Ferreira, Douglas Guedes

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2022, Volume 58 elocation e20633

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus, GBS) remains one major neonatal pathogen, being maternal colonization a risk factor for infection development. Despite effective, the usage of antibiotics to prevent neonatal infections has limitations. The bacterial polysaccharide capsule is a virulence determinant, a target for vaccine directed to pregnant women, and also the most useful epidemiological marker of GBS infections. Capsular polysaccharides are diverse and disease severity varies according to the expressed type. Here, capsular typing of 124 GBS isolates recovered from pregnant women was determined by a multiplex PCR-based method. The most frequent types were Ia (33.0%), II (25.8%) and V (21.8%). Other types found were Ib (8.9%), III (8.9%) and IV (1.6%). While type Ia was prevalent during the whole period (2002-2018), fluctuations in distribution of other types, specially V, were observed over time. Capsular type III, traditionally associated with severe neonatal infections, was poorly detected. Distribution of maternal GBS capsular types in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, with prevalence of Ia and II, is quite different from other parts of the world. The knowledge about GBS capsular type distribution is essential to predict the theoretical impact of developing capsule-based vaccines in the local population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-979020222e20633

12.

Do Bulk-Fill Resin Composites Present More Susceptibility to Marginal Degradation in Different Clinical Scenarios? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Santos, Monara Henrique dos

; Santos, Lucas Rodrigues dos

; Alves, Layla Narrely Santos

; Moura, Helene Soares

; Carvalho, Morgana Maria Souza Gadêlha de

; Lins, Rodrigo Barros Esteves

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

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2022, Volume 22 elocation e210145

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To compare the marginal degradation (susceptibility to marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration) of composite restorations placed in class II and V cavities using conventional and bulk-fill resin composites. Material and Methods: This study was approved by PROSPERO database (#42020201596). PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cochrane, Open Grey, Clinical Trials, and Rebec databases were searched by three independent investigators using MeSH terms, supplementary concepts, synonyms, and free keywords, based on the PICOS strategy (P, population: restoration in permanent teeth; I, intervention: bulk-fill resin composite; C, comparison: conventional resin composite; O, outcome: marginal discoloration and adaptation; and S, study design: randomized and non-randomized clinical trials). The risk of bias was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool, the meta-analyses by RevMan software, the certainty of evidence by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, and the leave-one-out sensitivity test. The prevalence of successful events and the total number of restorations were used to calculate the risk difference at a confidence interval of 95%, according to a fixed-effect model. The heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 index. Results: 16 from 10,780 studies were selected and included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Two studies were considered as high risk of bias, one showing some concerns, and 13 as low risk of bias. Four meta-analyses evaluated the marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration in class II and V cavities, with a nonsignificant heterogeneity (I2 = 0%, p>0.05). The certainty of evidence was considered high, except for two subgroups of each outcome. Conclusion: There is evidence that composite restorations using conventional and bulk-fill resin composites present similar clinical performance related to marginal degradation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2022.055

13.

Shaping ability of reciprocating and rotary systems in oval-shaped root canals: a microcomputed tomography study
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Medeiros, Thamires C de

; Lima, Carolina O de

; Barbosa, Ana Flávia A

; Augusto, Carla M

; Bruno, Adília Maria V

; Lopes, Ricardo T

; Amoroso-Silva, Pablo A.

; Marceliano-Alves, Marília FV

Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana

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dec 2021, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 282 - 288

Abstract: PT En | Text: PT En | PDF: PT | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo comparou a capacidade de modelagem dos sistemas reciprocante de lima única (WaveOne Gold) e rotatórios com múltiplas limas (Mtwo) em caninos ovais inferiores, usando microtomografia computadorizada (micro-CT). Trinta caninos inferiores foram escaneados por micro-CT e divididos em dois grupos (n = 15) de acordo com o sistema usado durante o preparo do canal radicular: WaveOne Gold (WOG) e Mtwo. Os dentes foram reeescaneados e a porcentagem de área do canal não preparada, transporte apical e capacidade de centralização foram analisados. Os dados foram avaliados pelos testes de Kruskal Wallis e Mann-Whitney (p<0,05). Nenhuma diferença foi encontrada na porcentagem de área não preparada entre os grupos em todo o canal radicular e no terço apical e na capacidade de centralização (p>0,05). O sistema WOG promoveu menor transporte do canal do que o sistema Mtwo na região de 5mm aquém do ápice (p<0,05). Os sistemas WOG e Mtwo apresentaram capacidade de modelagem e capacidade de centralização semelhantes em canais ovais. No entanto, WOG promoveu menor transporte do que Mtwo a 5 mm do ápice.

ABSTRACT This study compared the shaping ability of single-file reciprocating (WaveOne Gold) and multifile rotary (Mtwo) systems on mandibular oval-shaped canine root canals, using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Thirty mandibular canines were scanned by micro-CT and assigned to one of two groups (n=15) according to the system used for root canal preparation: WaveOne Gold or Mtwo. After preparation, the teeth were rescanned, and the percentage of untouched canal area, apical transportation and centering ability were analyzed. The data was evaluated using Kruskal and Mann- Whitney tests (p<0.05). No difference was found in percentage of unprepared canal area between groups in the entire root canal or the apical third, or in centering ability (p>0.05). WaveOne gold had less canal transportation than MTwo at the 5 mm section (p<0.05). WOG and Mtwo systems presented similar shaping ability and centering ability in oval-shaped canals. However, WOG presented less transportation than Mtwo at 5 mm from the apex.

https://doi.org/10.54589/aol.34/3/282 36 downloads

14.

IMUNIDADE À COVID-19: PREVALÊNCIA DE ANTICORPOS CONTRA SARS-COV-2 EM TRABALHADORES APÓS A PRIMEIRA VAGA
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Pádua, R

; Alvarelhão, J

; Gama, M

; Figueiredo, R

; Alves, V

Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional online

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dec 2021, Volume 12 Pages 22 - 29

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução Após a primeira vaga da pandemia da COVID-19, com o levantamento das medidas restritivas impostas às empresas, é pertinente avaliar a imunidade adquirida ao SARS-CoV-2 na população trabalhadora. Objetivos Avaliar a prevalência de anticorpos específicos contra o SARS-CoV-2 e analisar a imunidade presumida ao SARS-CoV-2 numa amostra de trabalhadores de uma empresa da região de Aveiro. Metodologia Trata-se de um estudo observacional, numa população de 400 trabalhadores, estimando uma amostra de 197. A avaliação serológica decorreu entre 14/maio e 28/junho/2020. Aos trabalhadores foi colhida uma amostra de sangue total capilar e realizado o Tell Me Fast Rapid Diagnostic Test Coronavirus (COVID-19) IgG/IgM Antibody Test (S/P/WB). Resultados Durante o período definido foi realizado teste a 181 trabalhadores e constatou-se que 96,6% dos trabalhadores apresentou IgG/IgM Negativo, 1,7% IgG/IgM Positivo e 1,7% IgG Positivo/IgM Negativo; estimando em 3,4% a prevalência da infeção ao SARS-CoV-2 nos trabalhadores da empresa. Conclusões Conclui-se uma baixa imunidade de grupo presumida e um potencial risco de infeção por SARS-CoV-2 na comunidade trabalhadora. O Serviço de Saúde Ocupacional deve identificar potenciais riscos de infeção por SARS-CoV-2 nos locais de trabalho, conceber estratégias e implementar medidas adicionais e preventivas, que contribuam para diminuir a taxa de incidência SARS-CoV-2 nos trabalhadores e prevenir um potencial surto na empresa, evidenciando a importância de (in)formar os trabalhadores para aderirem ao plano de contingência COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Introduction After the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, with the relief of the restrictive measures imposed on companies, it is pertinent to assess the immunity acquired to SARS-CoV-2 in the working population. Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and to analyze the presumed immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in a sample of workers from a company in the region of Aveiro. Methodology This is an observational study, in a population of 400 workers, estimating a sample of 197. The serological evaluation took place between 14/May and 28/June/2020. Workers were taken a capillary whole blood sample and performed the Tell Me Fast Rapid Diagnostic Test Coronavirus (COVID-19) IgG/IgM Antibody Test (S/P/WB). Results During the defined period, a test was performed on 181 workers, it was found that 96.6% of the workers presented IgG/IgM Negative, 1.7% IgG/IgM Positive and 1.7% IgG Positive/IgM Negative, estimating the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in company workers at 3.4%. Conclusions There is a presumed low group immunity and a potential risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the working community. The Occupational Health Service must identify potential risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the workplace, design strategies and implement additional and preventive measures that contribute to reducing the SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate in workers and preventing a potential outbreak in the company, showing the importance of teaching and training workers to adhere to the COVID-19 contingency plan.

https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.03.08.2021 11 downloads

15.

VITAMIN B12 AND HOMOCYSTEINE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH NAFLD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND METANALYSIS
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COSTA, Débora Silva

; GUAHNON, Marina P

; SEGANFREDO, Fernanda Braga

; PINTO, Letícia P

; TOVO, Cristiane V

; FERNANDES, Sabrina Alves

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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jun 2021, Volume 58 N. 2 Pages 234 - 239

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO CONTEXTO: A absorção de vitamina B12 pode ser afetada em pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA), e baixos níveis séricos de vitamina B12 têm sido relacionados a níveis elevados de homocisteína (HCI) ao grau de DHGNA. OBJETIVO: Realizar revisão sistemática e metanálise dos níveis séricos de vitamina B12 e de HCI em pacientes com DHGNA. MÉTODOS: Estudos originais que incluíssem avaliação dos níveis séricos de vitamina B12 e de HCI em humanos com DHGNA foram incluídos. As buscas foram realizadas em quatro bases de dados. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 159 estudos e, após exclusão das duplicatas e dos não elegíveis, oito artigos originais foram incluídos. Seis dos oito artigos apresentaram níveis mais elevados de vitamina B12 nos pacientes com DHGNA (404,9±136,2 pg/mL) em relação aos controles (353,91±117,3 pg/mL). Sete dos oito estudos determinaram os níveis de HCI, estando aumentados em pacientes com DHGNA (14,2±3,44 umol/L) em relação aos controles (11,05±3,6 umol/L). Os resultados dos níveis séricos de vitamina B12 e HCI foram submetidos à metanálise, mostrando que não há diferença nos níveis de vitamina B12 entre os pacientes com DHGNA e os controles. No entanto, os níveis de HCI foram maiores nos pacientes com DHGNA do que nos controles. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve relação entre DHGNA e nível sérico de vitamina B12. Os níveis de HCI foram significativamente maiores em pacientes com DHGNA, sugerindo que esse poderia ser um potencial marcador de lesão hepática.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The vitamin B12 absorption can be affected in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and low serum vitamin B12 levels has been related to the high homocysteine (HCY) levels and to the degree of NAFLD. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a systematic review and metanalysis of serum vitamin B12 and HCY levels in patients with NAFLD. METHODS: Original studies including serum vitamin B12 and HCY levels in humans with NAFLD were included. The searches were performed in four databases. RESULTS: 159 studies were identified, and after excluding the duplicates and non-eligible titles, eight original articles were included. Six out of eight showed higher B12 levels in NAFLD patients (404.9±136.2 pg/mL in relation to controls 353.91±117.3 pg/mL). Seven of the eight studies also showed higher HCY levels in NAFLD patients (14.2±3.44 umol/L in relation to controls 11.05±3.6 umol/L). The results for serum vitamin B12 and HCY levels were submitted to metanalysis, showing no difference in the vitamin B12 levels between patients with NAFLD and controls. However, the levels of Hcy were higher in NAFLD patients than in controls. CONCLUSION: There was no relashionship between the vitamin B12 levels and NAFLD. The levels of HCY were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD, suggesting this could be a potential marker for liver damage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202100000-42 458 downloads

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