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RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a soroprevalência de anticorpos do vírus SARS-CoV-2 em escolares de quatro a 14 anos de idade residentes no município de São Paulo, segundo variáveis clínicas, demográficas, epidemiológicas e sociais, durante o período de fechamento das escolas como medida de controle da covid-19. MÉTODOS Realizou-se um inquérito sorológico em setembro de 2020 com amostra aleatória estratificada por tipo de rede de ensino (pública municipal, pública estadual e privada). Foi coletada amostra de sangue venoso utilizando-se o teste de imunoensaio de fluxo lateral da fabricante Wondfo para detecção de anticorpos totais contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2. Aplicaram-se questionários semiestruturados para o levantamento de dados clínicos, demográficos, sociais e epidemiológicos. RESULTADOS A soroprevalência de anticorpos do vírus SARS-CoV-2 em escolares foi de 16,6% (IC95% 15,4–17,8). O estudo encontrou soroprevalências mais elevadas na rede pública municipal (18,5%; IC95% 16,6–20,6) e estadual (16,2%; IC95% 14,4–18,2) em relação à rede privada (11,7; IC95% 10,0–13,7) e entre escolares da raça/cor preta e parda (18,4%; IC95% 16,8–20,2) e no estrato social mais vulnerável (18,5%; IC95% 16,9–20,2). A pesquisa identificou menores soroprevalências nos escolares que relataram seguir as medidas recomendadas de proteção contra a covid-19. CONCLUSÃO A soroprevalência de anticorpos contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2 atinge principalmente os escolares socialmente mais vulneráveis. Este estudo pode contribuir para embasar políticas públicas que reforcem a importância da suspensão das aulas presenciais e da necessidade de estratégias de medidas de proteção e acompanhamento do status sorológico daqueles que ainda não foram contemplados no calendário vacinal.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren aged 4 to 14 years living in the city of São Paulo, according to clinical, demographic, epidemiological, and social variables, during the school closure period as a measure against covid-19 spread. METHODS A serological survey was made in September 2020 with a random sample stratified by school system (municipal public, state public and private) type. A venous blood sample was collected using the Wondfo SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test (lateral flow method) for detection of total SARS-CoV-2 virus antibodies. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to collect clinical, demographic, social, and epidemiological data. RESULTS Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren was of 16.6% (95%CI 15.4–17.8). The study found higher seroprevalence in the municipal (18.5%; 95%CI 16.6–20.6) and state (16.2%; 95%CI 14.4–18.2) public school systems compared to the private school system (11.7; 95%CI 10.0–13.7), among black and brown students (18.4%; 95%CI 16.8–20.2) and in the most vulnerable social stratum (18.5 %;95%CI 16.9–20.2). Lower seroprevalence was identified in schoolchildren who reported following the recommended protective measures against covid-19. CONCLUSION Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is found mainly in the most socially vulnerable schoolchildren. This study can contribute to support public policies that reinforce the importance of suspending face-to-face classes and developing strategies aimed at protective measures and monitoring of the serological status of those who have not yet been included in the vaccination schedule.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004782

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren in the city of São Paulo, 2020
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Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi

; Madalosso, Geraldine

; Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de

; Costa, Selma Anequini

; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi

; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri

; Glasser, Paula Regina

; Pino, Francisco Alberto

; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos

; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de

; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro

; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia

; Aires, Caroline Cotrim

; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes

; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz

; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco

; Aguiar, Breno Souza de

; Failla, Marcelo Antunes

; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos

; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão

; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos

; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira

; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e

; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos

; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino

; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira

; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau

; Mauro, Athenê Maria de Marco França

; Masi, Eduardo de

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2023, Volume 57 elocation 6s

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004782

Production of Polycaprolactone/Atorvastatin Films for Drug Delivery Application
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Pereira, Debora Baptista

; Patricio, Beatriz Ferreira de Carvalho

; Silva, Talita Goulart da

; Almeida, Hellen Regina Oliveira de

; Chaves, Marcelo Henrique da Cunha

; Sarcinelli, Michelle Alvares

; Rocha, Helvécio Vinícius Antunes

; Mendonça, Tiago dos Santos

; Sales, Tiago José Bandeira

; Mendonça, Roberta Helena

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 Suppl. 1 elocation e20220492

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Developing biomaterials for tissue regeneration is a promising alternative for the recovery of various tissues, including bone. Atorvastatin (ATV) has a series of beneficial effects which includes bone anabolism, vasodilating, and anti-inflammatory actions. The main objective of this work was to produce and characterize polycaprolactone (PCL) matrices incorporated with ATV. Samples were prepared by the solvent casting technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in vitro release studies were performed. FTIR analysis showed that no chemical bonds were formed between PCL and ATV. SEM analysis showed that the amount of ATV affects sample morphology. According to XRD and thermal analysis, the main ATV characteristics were maintained. The studies showed that PCL/ATV samples release the drug in a prolonged way since its release reaches around 50% after 15000 minutes of analysis and the model that showed the best fit for the studied matrices was the Higuchi model, with a correlation coefficient above 0.95.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0492

Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de

; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi

; Madalosso, Geraldine

; Costa, Selma Anequini

; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi

; Pino, Francisco Alberto

; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri

; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de

; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro

; Aires, Caroline Cotrim

; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes

; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz

; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco

; Aguiar, Breno Souza de

; Failla, Marcelo Antunes

; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos

; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão

; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos

; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e

; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira

; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos

; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino

; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira

; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau

; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da

; Glasser, Paula Regina

; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos

; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia

; Mello, Debora Silva de

; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes

; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki

; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro

; Braga, Elza de Santana

; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi

; Fracini, Wagner

; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila

; Zular, Paulete Secco

; Piva, Regiane de Santana

; Masi, Eduardo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 62

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the evolution of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection among residents aged 18 years or over in the municipality of São Paulo. METHODS This is a population-based household survey conducted every 15 days, between June and September 2020, and January and February 2021. In total, the study comprised 11 phases. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was identified in venous blood using a lateral flow test, Wondfo Biotech. In the last phase, the researchers combined it with an immunoenzymatic test, Euroimmun. The participants also answered a semi-structured questionnaire on sociodemographic and economic factors, and on social distancing measures. Prevalence estimates and the 95% confidence interval were estimated according to regions, Human Development Index, sex, age group, ethnicity, education, income, and variables associated with risk or prevention of infection. To compare the frequencies among the categories of each variable, the chi-square test with Rao-Scott correction was used, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In total, 23,397 individuals were interviewed and had their samples collected. The estimated prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ranged from 9.7% (95%CI: 7.9–11.8%) to 25.0% (95%CI: 21.7–28.7). The prevalence of individuals with antibodies against the virus was higher among black and brown people, people with lower schooling and income, and among residents of regions with lower Human Development Index. The lowest prevalences were associated with recommended measures of disease protection. The proportion of asymptomatic infection was 45.1%. CONCLUSION The estimated prevalence of the infection was lower than the cumulative incidence variation, except for the last phase of the study. The differences in prevalence estimates observed among subpopulations showed social inequality as a risk of infection. The lower prevalence observed among those who could follow prevention measures reinforce the need to maintain social distancing measures as a way to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003970

Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de

; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi

; Madalosso, Geraldine

; Costa, Selma Anequini

; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi

; Pino, Francisco Alberto

; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri

; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de

; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro

; Aires, Caroline Cotrim

; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes

; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz

; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco

; Aguiar, Breno Souza de

; Failla, Marcelo Antunes

; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos

; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão

; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos

; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e

; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira

; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos

; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino

; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira

; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau

; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da

; Glasser, Paula Regina

; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos

; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia

; Mello, Debora Silva de

; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes

; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki

; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro

; Braga, Elza de Santana

; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi

; Fracini, Wagner

; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila

; Zular, Paulete Secco

; Piva, Regiane de Santana

; Masi, Eduardo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 62

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003970 43 downloads

Use of pH reagent strips to verify gastric tube placement in newborns
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Dias, Flávia de Souza Barbosa

; Almeida, Beatriz Pera de

; Alvares, Beatriz Regina

; Jales, Rodrigo Menezes

; Caldas, Jamil Pedro de Siqueira

; Carmona, Elenice Valentim

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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2019, Volume 27 elocation e3227

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

Objective: to confirm the accuracy of the pH test in identifying the placement of the gastric tube in newborns. Method: double-blind, diagnostic test study conducted with 162 newborns admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit and an intermediate care unit. The subjects were submitted to enteral intubation, followed by pH test with reagent strip, which was analyzed by a nurse, and radiological examination, analyzed by radiologist. Blinding was kept among professionals regarding test results. Diagnostic accuracy analysis of the pH test in relation to the radiological exam was performed. Results: the sample consisted of 56.17% boys, with average birth weight of 1,886.79g (SD 743,41), 32.92 (SD 2.99) weeks of gestational age and the mean pH was 3.36 (SD 1.27). Considering the cutoff point of pH≤5.5, the sensitivity was 96.25%, specificity 50%, positive predictive value 99.35% and negative predictive value 14.29%. Conclusion: The pH test performed with reagent strips is sensitive to identify the correct placement of the gastric tube, so it can be used as an adjuvant technique in the evaluation of the gastric tube placement. In interpreting the results, pH ≤5.5 points to correct placement and values > 5.5 require radiological confirmation.

Objetivo: confirmar la precisión del prueba de pH en identificar el posicionamiento de la sonda gástrica en recién nacidos. Método: estudio de prueba diagnóstico, doble ciego, realizado con 162 recién nacidos, internados en unidad neonatal de terapia intensiva y unidad de cuidados intermedios. Los sujetos fueron sometidos a sondaje gástrico, en seguida se realizó el prueba de pH con tira reactivas, el que fue analizado por enfermero y examen radiológico por especialista. Se manutuvo la ceguera entre los profesionales con relación al resultado de las pruebas. Se realizó un análisis de precisión diagnóstica del prueba de pH, en relación al examen radiológico. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta 56,17% por niños, con media de peso de nacimiento de 1.886,79g (de 743,41), 32,92 (de 2,99) semanas de edad gestacional y la media del pH fue 3,36 (de 1,27). Considerando el punto de corte de pH≤5,5, la sensibilidad fue 96,25%, especificidad 50%, valor predictivo positivo 99,35% y valor predictivo negativo 14,29%. Conclusión: el prueba de pH realizado con tiras reactivas es sensible para identificar el posicionamiento correcto de la sonda gástrica, de ese modo puede ser utilizado como técnica adyuvante en la evaluación del posicionamiento de la sonda gástrica. En la interpretación de los resultados, un pH ≤5,5 indica posicionamiento correcto y valores >5,5 necesitan de confirmación radiológica.

Objetivo: confirmar a acurácia do teste de pH em identificar o posicionamento da sonda gástrica em recém-nascidos. Método: estudo de teste diagnóstico, duplo cego realizado com 162 recém-nascidos internados em unidade neonatal de terapia intensiva e unidade de cuidados intermediários. Os sujeitos foram submetidos à sondagem gástrica, em seguida realizado teste de pH com tira reagentes, que foi analisado por um enfermeiro, e exame radiológico, analisado por radiologista. Foi mantido o cegamento entre os profissionais com relação ao resultado dos testes. Realizada análise de acurácia diagnóstica do teste de pH em relação ao exame radiológico. Resultados: a amostra foi composta 56,17% por meninos, com média de peso de nascimento de 1.886,79g (dp 743,41), 32,92 (dp 2,99) semanas de idade gestacional e a média do pH foi 3,36 (dp 1,27). Considerando o ponto de corte de pH≤5,5, a sensibilidade foi 96,25%, especificidade 50%, valor preditivo positivo 99,35% e valor preditivo negativo 14,29%. Conclusão: o teste de pH realizado com tiras reagentes é sensível para identificar o posicionamento correto da sonda gástrica, assim pode ser utilizado como técnica adjuvante na avaliação do posicionamento da sonda gástrica. Na interpretação dos resultados, pH ≤5,5 indica posicionamento correto e valores >5,5 necessitam de confirmação radiológica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.3150.3227 2 downloads

Use of pH reagent strips to verify gastric tube placement in newborns
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Dias, Flávia de Souza Barbosa

; Almeida, Beatriz Pera de

; Alvares, Beatriz Regina

; Jales, Rodrigo Menezes

; Caldas, Jamil Pedro de Siqueira

; Carmona, Elenice Valentim

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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2019, Volume 27 elocation e3227

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.3150.3227 3964 downloads

Radiological findings associated with the death of newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis
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Santos, Isabela Gusson Galdino dos

; Mezzacappa, Maria Aparecida

; Alvares, Beatriz Regina

Radiologia Brasileira

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jun 2018, Volume 51 N. 3 Pages 166 - 171

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Determinar fatores de risco radiológicos e clínicos para o desfecho de óbito em recém-nascidos com enterocolite necrosante. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo de exames radiológicos e prontuários de 66 recém-nascidos com enterocolite necrosante confirmada pela presença de pneumatose intestinal (estágio IIA, segundo os critérios modificados de Bell). Foram estudados achados radiológicos e variáveis clínicas. Resultados: Catorze casos (21,2%) apresentaram pneumatose nos intestinos grosso e delgado, 7 (10,6%) apresentaram ar no sistema porta e 12 (18,2%) faleceram. As análises bivariadas indicaram que as variáveis significativas para o óbito foram: perfuração intestinal, pneumatose localizada nos intestinos grosso e delgado, ar no sistema porta, menor idade gestacional, longos períodos de ventilação mecânica até a identificação da pneumatose e longos períodos de ventilação mecânica até a data de alta/óbito. Na regressão multivariada, mantiveram-se como preditores do óbito: pneumatose localizada nos intestinos grosso e delgado (odds ratio [OR] = 12,4; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC 95%] = 1,2-127,4; p = 0,035), perfuração (OR = 23,2; IC 95% = 2,2-246,7; p = 0,009) e ar no sistema porta (OR = 69,7; IC 95% = 4,3-não calculado; p = 0,003). Conclusão: Pneumatose extensa, pneumoperitônio e ar no sistema porta compuseram o melhor conjunto de fatores associados ao óbito. Esses achados corroboram a importância da radiografia simples de abdome no diagnóstico e acompanhamento da enterocolite necrosante.

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to identify radiological and clinical risk factors for death in newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study, based on radiological examinations and medical charts of 66 infants with necrotizing enterocolitis, as confirmed by a finding of intestinal pneumatosis (stage IIA, according to modified Bell’s staging criteria). Radiological and clinical variables were evaluated. Results: Of the 66 infants evaluated, 14 (21.2%) presented pneumatosis in the large and small bowel; 7 (10.6%) presented air in the portal system; and 12 (18.2%) died. Bivariate analysis revealed that the following variables were associated with death: bowel perforation; pneumatosis in the large and small bowel; air in the portal system; earlier gestational age; longer time on mechanical ventilation before the identification of pneumatosis; and longer time on mechanical ventilation before discharge or death. In the multivariate regression, the following variables remained as predictors of death: pneumatosis in the large and small intestines (odds ratio [OR] = 12.4; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.2-127.4; p = 0.035), perforation (OR = 23.2; 95% CI = 2.2-246.7; p = 0.009), and air in the portal system (OR = 69.7; 95% CI = 4.3-[not calculated]; p = 0.003). Conclusion: The set of factors most strongly associated with death in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis comprised extensive pneumatosis, pneumoperitoneum, and air in the portal system. Our findings confirm the importance of radiological imaging in the diagnosis and monitoring of necrotizing enterocolitis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2017.0040 3514 downloads

Bilateral pulmonary interstitial emphysema in a preterm infant on continuous positive airway pressure: clinical and radiological correlation
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Dominguez, Mariana Chiaradia

; Pires, Camila da Silva

; Stopiglia, Mônica Carvalho Sanchez

; Mezzacappa, Maria Aparecida Marques dos Santos

; Alvares, Beatriz Regina

Radiologia Brasileira

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apr 2018, Volume 51 N. 2 Pages 137 - 138

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2016.0198 1951 downloads

10.

Pulmonary atelectasis in newborns with clinically treatable diseases who are on mechanical ventilation: clinical and radiological aspects
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Dominguez, Mariana Chiaradia

; Alvares, Beatriz Regina

Radiologia Brasileira

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feb 2018, Volume 51 N. 1 Pages 20 - 25

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar os aspectos radiológicos da atelectasia pulmonar em recém-nascidos com doenças clinicamente tratáveis submetidos a ventilação mecânica e atendidos em uma unidade de tratamento intensivo neonatal, associando características da atelectasia com o posicionamento da cabeça e da cânula endotraqueal na radiografia de tórax e com variáveis clínicas. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de corte transversal e retrospectivo, em que foram incluídos 60 pacientes internados entre 1985 e 2015. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio da revisão dos prontuários e dos laudos das radiografias dos recém-nascidos. Para associação das variáveis foi realizado o teste exato de Fisher. O nível de significância adotado foi p < 0,05. Resultados: As características clínicas associadas à localização inadequada da cânula foram prematuridade e o peso ao nascer inferior a 1000 g. A doença clínica mais frequentemente encontrada foi a doença da membrana hialina. O lobo pulmonar superior direito foi o que apresentou maior frequência de atelectasia, e casos de atelectasia completa foram mais frequentes no pulmão esquerdo. O mau posicionamento da cabeça mostrou uma tendência de associação com atelectasia no lobo superior esquerdo. Conclusão: A atelectasia pulmonar representou uma complicação importante em recém-nascidos submetidos a ventilação mecânica, sendo a avaliação radiológica do posicionamento da cânula endotraqueal relevante para a correção precoce dessa condição.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the radiological aspects of pulmonary atelectasis in newborns on mechanical ventilation and treated in an intensive care unit, associating the characteristics of atelectasis with the positioning of the head and endotracheal tube seen on the chest X-ray, as well as with the clinical variables. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 60 newborns treated between 1985 and 2015. Data were collected from medical records and radiology reports. To identify associations between variables, we used Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The clinical characteristics associated with improper positioning of the endotracheal tube were prematurity and a birth weight of less than 1000 g. Among the newborns evaluated, the most common comorbidity was hyaline membrane disease. Atelectasis was seen most frequently in the right upper lobe, although cases of total atelectasis were more common in the left lung. Malpositioning of the head showed a trend toward an association with atelectasis in the left upper lobe. Conclusion: Pulmonary atelectasis is a common complication in newborns on mechanical ventilation. Radiological evaluation of the endotracheal tube placement provides relevant information for the early correction of this condition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2016.0157 19853 downloads

11.

Uncommon presentation of perforated Meckel’s diverticulum in preterm newborn
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Alvares, Beatriz Regina

; Yumioka, Aline Satomi

; Santos, Isabela Gusson Galdino dos

Radiologia Brasileira

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aug 2015, Volume 48 N. 4 Pages 265 - 266

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2014.0134 2466 downloads

12.

Mammographic artifact leading to false-positive result
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Avelar, Matheus Silveira

; Almeida, Orlando

; Alvares, Beatriz Regina

Radiologia Brasileira

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jun 2015, Volume 48 N. 3 Pages 198 - 199

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2013.0003 2599 downloads

13.

Associação entre calcificações arteriais mamárias e fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em mulheres menopausadas
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Almeida, Orlando José de

; Vieira, Mariana Meira

; Alvares, Beatriz Regina

; Pinto Neto, Aarão Mendes

; Pimenta, Ciro Jabur

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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jul 2014, Volume 36 N. 7 Pages 315 - 319

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO:Avaliar a presença de calcificações arteriais em mamografias de mulheres menopausadas e a sua associação com fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares.MÉTODOS:Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal e retrospectivo, em que foram analisados as mamografias e os prontuários médicos de 197 pacientes atendidas no período entre 2004 e 2005. As variáveis do estudo foram: calcificação arterial mamária, acidente vascular cerebral, síndrome coronariana aguda, idade, obesidade, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo e hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Para a análise estatística dos dados, utilizaram-se os testes de Mann-Whitney, χ2 e Cochran-Armitage, sendo também avaliadas as razões de prevalência entre as variáveis descritas e calcificação arterial mamária. Os dados foram analisados com o software SAS, versão 9.1.RESULTADOS:Dos 197 exames e prontuários analisados, observou-se a prevalência de 36,6% para calcificações arteriais nas mamografias. Entre os fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular avaliados, os mais frequentes foram: hipertensão (56,4%), obesidade (31,9%), tabagismo (15,2%) e diabetes (14,7%). A síndrome coronariana aguda e o acidente vascular cerebral tiveram prevalências de 5,6 e 2,0% respectivamente. Entre as mamografias de mulheres diabéticas, a maior ocorrência foi de calcificação arterial mamária com razão de prevalência de 2,1 (IC95%1,0-4,1) e valor p de 0,02. Por outro lado, nas mamografias de pacientes fumantes, foi menor a ocorrência de calcificação arterial mamária com razão de prevalência de 0,3 (IC95% 0,1-0,8). Hipertensão arterial sistêmica, obesidade, diabetes mellitus, acidente vascular cerebral e síndrome coronariana aguda não apresentaram associação significativa com calcificações mamárias.CONCLUSÃO:A ocorrência de calcificação arterial mamária foi associada ao diabetes mellitus e mostrou associação negativa com o tabagismo. A presença de calcificação revelou-se independente dos demais fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular analisados.

PURPOSE:To analyze associations between mammographic arterial mammary calcifications in menopausal women and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.METHODS:This was a cross-sectional retrospective study, in which we analyzed the mammograms and medical records of 197 patients treated between 2004 and 2005. Study variables were: breast arterial calcifications, stroke, acute coronary syndrome, age, obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypertension. For statistical analysis, we used the Mann-Whitney, χ2 and Cochran-Armitage tests, and also evaluated the prevalence ratios between these variables and mammary artery calcifications. Data were analyzed with the SAS version 9.1 software.RESULTS:In the group of 197 women, there was a prevalence of 36.6% of arterial calcifications on mammograms. Among the risk factors analyzed, the most frequent were hypertension (56.4%), obesity (31.9%), smoking (15.2%), and diabetes (14.7%). Acute coronary syndrome and stroke presented 5.6 and 2.0% of prevalence, respectively. Among the mammograms of women with diabetes, the odds ratio of mammary artery calcifications was 2.1 (95%CI 1.0-4.1), with p-value of 0.02. On the other hand, the mammograms of smokers showed the low occurrence of breast arterial calcification, with an odds ratio of 0.3 (95%CI 0.1-0.8). Hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, stroke and acute coronary syndrome were not significantly associated with breast arterial calcification.CONCLUSION:The occurrence of breast arterial calcification was associated with diabetes mellitus and was negatively associated with smoking. The presence of calcification was independent of the other risk factors for cardiovascular disease analyzed.

https://doi.org/10.159/S0100-720320140004977 1813 downloads

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Presence of air in the hepatic portal system in association with umbilical venous catheter malposition
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Alvares, Beatriz Regina

; Stopiglia, Mônica Carvalho Sanchez

; Mezzacappa, Maria Aparecida

Radiologia Brasileira

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feb 2014, Volume 47 N. 1 Pages 49 - 50

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Apresentamos um caso relacionado a cateter umbilical venoso mal posicionado, associado à presença de ar no sistema portal, em um recém-nascido prematuro. A hipótese de enterocolite necrosante foi considerada inicialmente, porém o recém-nascido evoluiu sem achados da doença, tendo o ar desaparecido em radiografia de controle. O diagnóstico diferencial deste achado evita condutas clínicas desnecessárias.

The authors report a case of umbilical venous catheter malposition with air in the portal venous system in a preterm neonate. Initially, the hypothesis of necrotizing enterocolitis was considered, but the newborn progressed with no finding of disease and the air disappeared at follow-up radiography. The differential diagnosis of such a finding can avoid unnecessary clinical treatments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-39842014000100015 5656 downloads

15.

Mammographic density in asymptomatic menopausal women: correlation with clinical and sonographic findings
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Alvares, Beatriz Regina

; Freitas, Christian Henrique de Andrade

; Jales, Rodrigo Menezes

; Almeida, Orlando José de

; Marussi, Emílio Francisco

Radiologia Brasileira

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jun 2012, Volume 45 N. 3 Pages 149 - 154

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a densidade mamográfica de mulheres menopausadas, assintomáticas, correlacionando com dados clínicos e ultrassonográficos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram analisados, retrospectivamente, as mamografias e os dados clínicos e ultrassonográficos de 238 pacientes assintomáticas, no período entre fevereiro de 2002 e junho de 2006. As variáveis analisadas foram: padrões de densidade mamográfica, achados ultrassonográficos, idade, paridade, índice de massa corporal e uso de terapia de reposição hormonal. RESULTADOS: Idade, paridade e índice de massa corporal apresentaram relação inversa com os padrões de densidade mamográfica, enquanto o uso de terapia de reposição hormonal apresentou relação direta. Foram realizados exames ultrassonográficos complementares em 103 (43,2%) pacientes, sendo constatadas alterações em 34 (33%) delas. Os nódulos ultrassonográficos foram mais frequentes nas mulheres com padrões mamários 3 e 4 e sem expressão mamográfica. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que os padrões mamográficos de densidade foram influenciados pela idade, índice de massa corporal, paridade e tempo de uso de terapia de reposição hormonal. Apesar de não termos encontrado alterações malignas nos casos estudados, evidenciamos alterações ultrassonográficas benignas nas mulheres com padrões mamários de alta densidade e que apresentaram mamografias sem alterações, demonstrando a importância da ultrassonografia complementar para a detecção de lesões mamárias nessas pacientes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate mammographic breast density in asymptomatic menopausal women in correlation with clinical and sonographic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mammograms and clinical and sonographic findings of 238 asymptomatic patients were retrospectively reviewed in the period from February/2022 to June/2006. The following variables were analyzed: mammographic density patterns, sonographic findings, patients' age, parity, body mass index and use of hormone replacement therapy. RESULTS: Age, parity and body mass index showed a negative correlation with breast density pattern, while use of hormone replacement therapy showed a positive correlation. Supplementary breast ultrasonography was performed in 103 (43.2%) patients. Alterations which could not be visualized at mammography were found in 34 (33%) of them, most frequently in women with breast density patterns 3 and 4. CONCLUSION: The authors concluded that breast density patterns were influenced by age, parity, body mass index and time of hormone replacement therapy. Despite not having found any malignant abnormality in the studied cases, the authors have observed a predominance of benign sonographic abnormalities in women with high breast density patterns and without mammographic abnormalities, proving the relevance of supplementary ultrasonography to identify breast lesions in such patients.

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