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au:Alonso, Felipe

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Web scraping: Uso de plataformas de extracción de datos aplicadas a un sitio web sobre profesiones en México scraping
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Cocón, Felipe

; Pérez-Cruz, Dámaris

; Pérez-Rejón, José Ángel

; Zavaleta-Carrillo, Patricia

; Barradas-Arenas, Ulises

; Gómez-Ramón, Rubí

; Cruz, José Alonso Pérez

RISTI - Revista Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação

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dec 2023, N. 52 Pages 61 - 73

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract This article provides a thorough review of the main web scraping tools available on the market and it is comparing their features and functionalities. A specific tool is selected to demonstrate it is use in obtaining data on percentages of graduates in various careers in Mexico, as well as the distribution related to gender and salaries in several states of the country. The main objective of the article is to illustrate how data can be collected using a data extraction tool. Additionally, the importance of accessing reliable data sources is highlighted and a detailed description of the data extraction process using the WebHarvy tool is provided. Ultimately, it is highlighting the importance of web scraping as a powerful technique and professional ethical to collect valuable data from the web to effectively and responsibly. functionalities Mexico country Additionally provided Ultimately responsibly

Resumen Este artículo realiza una revisión exhaustiva de las principales herramientas de web scraping disponibles en el mercado y compara sus características y funcionalidades. Se selecciona una herramienta específica para demostrar su uso en la obtención de datos sobre porcentajes de egresados en diversas carreras en México, así como la distribución relacionada con género y salarios en varios estados del país. El artículo tiene como objetivo principal ilustrar cómo se pueden recopilar datos mediante una herramienta de extracción. Además, se destaca la importancia de acceder a fuentes de datos confiables y se proporciona una descripción detallada del proceso de extracción de datos utilizando la herramienta WebHarvy. En última instancia, se destaca la importancia del web scraping como una técnica poderosa y ética profesional para recopilar datos valiosos de la web de manera eficaz y responsable. funcionalidades México país Además WebHarvy instancia responsable

https://doi.org/10.17013/risti.52.61-73

Parámetros, correlaciones y tendencias genéticas de caracteres reproductivos en ganado Holstein de México
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Durán-Alvarez, Carolina

; García-Ruiz, Adriana

; Alonso Morales, Rogelio Alejandro

; Eguiarte, Luis E.

; Ruiz-López, Felipe de Jesús

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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sep 2023, Volume 14 N. 3 Pages 539 - 555

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El objetivo fue calcular los parámetros, correlaciones y describir las tendencias genéticas de caracteres reproductivos en ganado Holstein de México en tres periodos diferentes de tiempo, en hembras nacidas entre 2006 y 2019, usando registros de la asociación Holstein de México. Los parámetros reproductivos calculados fueron: intervalo parto a primer servicio (IPPS), el número de servicios por concepción (NSC), los días abiertos (DAB), el intervalo entre partos (IEP) y la edad al primer parto (EPP). Los componentes de la varianza fueron estimados utilizando máxima verosimilitud restringida en un modelo animal, para calcular parámetros genéticos (heredabilidad en sentido estricto (h2), repetibilidad (r) y correlaciones genéticas) y correlaciones fenotípicas. También se estimaron varianzas genéticas aditivas y valores genéticos en tres periodos de tiempo (P1: 2006-2009, P2: 2010-2013 y P3: 2014-2017). Las heredabilidades calculadas fueron de 4 a 9 % y las repetibilidades del 8 al 9 %, valores cercanos a reportes previos para características de fertilidad. Las correlaciones fenotípicas fueron positivas para casi todos los parámetros reproductivos y las genéticas fueron positivas en un rango amplio (0.13-0.99). Los análisis por periodos mostraron cambios, posiblemente derivados de la influencia de la importación y uso de germoplasma de toros extranjeros (principalmente de los Estados Unido de América y Canadá) que implementan selección genómica e incluyen características fertilidad. La presente investigación ha permitido actualizar la información de parámetros reproductivos y genéticos en caracteres de fertilidad que podrán ser incorporados a las evaluaciones genéticas nacionales.

Abstract The objective was to calculate the parameters, correlations and describe the genetic trends of reproductive traits in Holstein cattle from Mexico in three different periods of time, in females born between 2006 and 2019, using records of the Mexican Holstein association. The reproductive parameters calculated were: calving to first insemination interval (CFI), number of services per conception (NSC), days open (DO), interval between calving (IBC), and age at first calving (AFC). The components of variance were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood in an animal model, to calculate genetic parameters (narrow-sense heritability (h2), repeatability (r) and genetic correlations) and phenotypic correlations. Additive genetic variances and genetic values were also estimated in three periods of time (P1: 2006-2009, P2: 2010-2013 and P3: 2014-2017). The calculated heritabilities were from 4 to 9 % and the repeatabilities from 8 to 9 %, values close to previous reports for fertility traits. Phenotypic correlations were positive for almost all reproductive parameters and genetic correlations were positive over a wide range (0.13-0.99). Analyses by period showed changes, possibly derived from the influence of the import and use of germplasm from foreign bulls (mainly from the United States of America and Canada) which implement genomic selection and include fertility traits. The present research has made it possible to update the information on reproductive and genetic parameters in fertility traits that can be incorporated into national genetic evaluations.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v14i3.6251

Identification of candidate genes and SNPs related to cattle temperament using a GWAS analysis coupled with an interacting network analysis
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Paredes-Sánchez, Francisco Alejandro

; Sifuentes-Rincón, Ana María

; Lara-Ramírez, Edgar Eduardo

; Casas, Eduardo

; Rodríguez-Almeida, Felipe Alonso

; Herrera-Mayorga, Elsa Verónica

; Randel, Ronald D.

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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mar 2023, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 1 - 22

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The objective of this study was to identify in Angus and Brangus breed animals with extreme temperament, measured as exit velocity, genomic regions and candidate genes associated with bovine temperament. The population was genotyped with the Genomic Profiler HD 150K chip and after the genome-wide association analysis, the SNPs rs133956611 (P=2.65 E-06) and rs81144933 (P=9.58 E-06) were associated with temperament. The mapping analysis of the regions close to the SNP rs81144933 identified the SNCA (alpha-synuclein) and MMRN1 (multimerin-1) genes at 222.8 and 435.9 Kb downstream respectively, while for the rs133956611 loci the gene GPRIN3 (GPRIN family-member-3) was identified at 245.7 Kb upstream, all three genes are located on the BTA6 chromosome. The analysis of SNCA protein-protein interactions allowed the identification of the genes APP (β-amyloid precursor protein), PARK7 (parkinsonism-associated-deglycase), UCHL1 (ubiquitin-C-terminal-hydrolase-L1), PARK2 (parkin-RBR- E3-ubiquitin-protein-ligase), and genes of the SLC family as candidates to be associated with bovine temperament. All these candidate genes and their interacting were resequenced, which allowed the discovery of new SNPs in the SNCA and APP genes. Of these, the SNPs located in introns 5, 8 and 11 of the APP gene affect splicing site motifs. These results indicate that SNCA and its interacting genes are candidates to be related to bovine temperament.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar en animales de raza Angus y Brangus con temperamento extremo, medido como velocidad de salida, regiones genómicas y genes candidatos asociados con el temperamento bovino. La población fue genotipada con el chip Genomic Profiler HD 150K y después del análisis de asociación del genoma completo, los SNP rs133956611 (P= 2.65 E-06) y rs81144933 (P= 9.58 E-06) se asociaron con el temperamento. El análisis de mapeo de las regiones cercanas al SNP rs81144933 identificó los genes SNCA (alfa-sinucleína) y MMRN1 (multimerin-1) a 222.8 y 435.9 Kb corriente abajo, respectivamente, mientras que para los loci rs133956611 se identificó el gen GPRIN3 (familia GPRIN- miembro 3) a 245.7 Kb corriente arriba, los tres genes se encuentran en el cromosoma BTA6. El análisis de las interacciones proteína-proteína de SNCA permitió la identificación de los genes APP (proteína precursora de β-amiloide), PARK7 (deglicasa asociada al parkinsonismo), UCHL1 (ubiquitina C-terminal hidrolasa L1), PARK2 (parkina-RBR-E3-ubiquitina-proteína-ligasa), y genes de la familia SLC como candidatos a estar asociados con el temperamento bovino. Todos estos genes candidatos y su interacción fueron resecuenciados, lo que permitió el descubrimiento de nuevos SNP en los genes SNCA y APP. De estos, los SNP localizados en los intrones 5, 8 y 11 del gen APP afectan a los motivos del sitio de empalme. Estos resultados indican que el SNCA y sus genes interactuantes son candidatos para estar relacionados con el temperamento bovino.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v14i1.6077

Credibility, accuracy and readability of patient-oriented information about low back pain on Brazilian websites: a mixed-method review
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Alonso, Thamires Prazeres

; Santos, Raiany Pires dos

; Correia, Igor Macedo Tavares

; Nogueira, Leandro Alberto Calazans

; Meziat Filho, Ney

; Reis, Felipe José Jandre

BrJP

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jan 2023, Volume 6 N. 1 Pages 63 - 67

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Low-quality online health-related content may lead to inefective or harmful decision-making from patients related to their healthcare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the credibility, accuracy and readability of web-based content on Brazilian websites. METHODS: This is a mixed-method review with exploratory sequential design. Google was selected as the search engine for retrieving web-information about low back pain (LBP) in Brazilian websites. We assessed the URL on three domains: credibility, accuracy, and readability. Qualitative analysis of each URL was performed in three steps: (1) organization into thematic units; (2) data exploration; and (3) interpretation of the data and summarization. RESULTS: Credibility was assessed in 135 URLs, 72 (53%) URLs had no authorship, 119 (88%) did not mention the sources of their information, none presented a declaration of conflict of interest or the declared source of funding, 76 (56%) URLs present the date of creation. Accuracy was assessed in 121 URLs and none fully adhered to the guidelines. Readability was assessed in 128 and texts were classified as “very easy” or “easy” to read. Five main themes emerged in the qualitative analysis: (1) Explanations and causes for low back pain, (2) diagnosis, (3) recommendation about treatment, (4) recommendation for coping and self-management, and (5) lifestyle factors. CONCLUSION: Content analysis of web-based searches on the Brazilian Portuguese language demonstrated low credibility standards, mostly inaccurate information, and moderate-high readability levels about low back pain.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O conteúdo on-line relacionado à saúde quando apresenta baixa qualidade pode levar a tomadas de decisão ineficazes ou prejudiciais por parte dos pacientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a credibilidade, acurácia e legibilidade do conteúdo em portais brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Esta é uma revisão de método misto com design sequencial exploratório. O Google foi selecionado como o mecanismo de busca para recuperar informações da web sobre dor lombar em sites brasileiros. Avaliamos os URL em três domínios: credibilidade, acurácia e legibilidade. A análise qualitativa de cada URL foi realizada em três etapas: (1) organização em unidades temáticas; (2) exploração de dados; e (3) interpretação dos dados e resumo. RESULTADOS: A credibilidade foi avaliada em 135 URLs, 72 (53%) URLs não tinham autoria, 119 (88%) não mencionavam as fontes de suas informações, nenhuma apresentava declaração de confito de interesse ou fonte de fnanciamento declarada, 76 (56%) URLs apresentam a data de criação. A acurácia foi avaliada em 121 URLs e nenhuma aderiu totalmente às diretrizes. A legibilidade foi avaliada em 128 e os textos foram classificados como “muito fáceis” ou “fáceis” de ler. Cinco temas principais emergiram na análise qualitativa: (1) Explicações e causas da dor lombar, (2) diagnóstico, (3) recomendação sobre tratamento, (4) recomendação para enfrentamento e autogerenciamento e (5) fatores de estilo de vida. CONCLUSÃO: A análise de conteúdo de pesquisas baseadas na web, no idioma português do Brasil, demonstrou baixos padrões de credibilidade, acurácia e níveis moderados a altos de legibilidade sobre a dor lombar.

https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20220069-en

Credibility, accuracy and readability of patient-oriented information about low back pain on Brazilian websites: a mixed-method review
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Alonso, Thamires Prazeres

; Santos, Raiany Pires dos

; Correia, Igor Macedo Tavares

; Nogueira, Leandro Alberto Calazans

; Meziat Filho, Ney

; Reis, Felipe José Jandre

BrJP

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2023, N. ahead

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20220069-en

DNA sequencing in the classroom: complete genome sequence of two earwig (Dermaptera; Insecta) species
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Kobayashi, Sanae

; Maldonado, Jonathan E.

; Gaete, Alexis

; Araya, Ingrid

; Aguado-Norese, Constanza

; Cumplido, Nicolás

; Díaz, Sebastián

; Espinoza, Alonso

; Fernández, Edelmira

; Gajardo, Felipe

; González-Ordenes, Felipe

; Hauyon, Khantati

; Maldonado, Piedad

; Maldonado, Rodrigo

; Pochet, Isabel

; Riveros, Aníbal

; Sandoval, Paula

; Sepúlveda-González, Ailynne

; Stuardo, Camila

; Tapia-Reyes, Patricio

; Thornton, Carolina

; Undurraga, Soledad

; Varas, Macarena

; Valdivieso, Camilo

; Gutiérrez, Rodrigo A.

; Orellana, Ariel

; Montecino, Martín

; Maass, Alejandro

; González, Mauricio

; Allende, Miguel L.

; Hodar, Christian

; Irles, Paula

Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation 6

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Despite representing the largest fraction of animal life, the number of insect species whose genome has been sequenced is barely in the hundreds. The order Dermaptera (the earwigs) suffers from a lack of genomic information despite its unique position as one of the basally derived insect groups and its importance in agroecosystems. As part of a national educational and outreach program in genomics, a plan was formulated to engage the participation of high school students in a genome sequencing project. Students from twelve schools across Chile were instructed to capture earwig specimens in their geographical area, to identify them and to provide material for genome sequencing to be carried out by themselves in their schools. Results The school students collected specimens from two cosmopolitan earwig species: Euborellia annulipes (Fam. Anisolabididae) and Forficula auricularia (Fam. Forficulidae). Genomic DNA was extracted and, with the help of scientific teams that traveled to the schools, was sequenced using nanopore sequencers. The sequence data obtained for both species was assembled and annotated. We obtained genome sizes of 1.18 Gb (F. auricularia) and 0.94 Gb (E. annulipes) with the number of predicted protein coding genes being 31,800 and 40,000, respectively. Our analysis showed that we were able to capture a high percentage (≥ 93%) of conserved proteins indicating genomes that are useful for comparative and functional analysis. We were also able to characterize structural elements such as repetitive sequences and non-coding RNA genes. Finally, functional categories of genes that are overrepresented in each species suggest important differences in the process underlying the formation of germ cells, and modes of reproduction between them, features that are one of the distinguishing biological properties that characterize these two distant families of Dermaptera. Conclusions This work represents an unprecedented instance where the scientific and lay community have come together to collaborate in a genome sequencing project. The versatility and accessibility of nanopore sequencers was key to the success of the initiative. We were able to obtain full genome sequences of two important and widely distributed species of insects which had not been analyzed at this level previously. The data made available by the project should illuminate future studies on the Dermaptera.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-023-00414-9

Expression of PLCZ1 mRNA in spermatozoa of Criollo and European bulls in a low-input system
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Ronquillo-Roacho, Luis Miguel

; Rodriguez-Almeida, Felipe Alonso

; Antillón-Ruiz, Javier

; Jahuey-Martinez, Francisco Joel

; Domínguez-Viveros, Joel

; Martínez-Quintana, José Alfredo

Animal Reproduction

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2023, Volume 20 N. 4 elocation e20230053

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Sperm motility and kinematics analysis are important to predict bull fertility. However, there are other molecules in the sperm with the ability to improve the pregnancy rate. For example, PLCZ1 is a sperm protein that plays a unique role in the activation of the zygote and is important for the survival of the embryo. The objective of this work was to compare the expression of PLCZ1 mRNA in sperm cells of Chihuahuan Criollo and European bulls in the winter and summer seasons, under a low-input system. Six (3.33 ± 0.43 years old) bulls (three Criollo, three European) were used. Gross and individual motility were measured in semen obtained by electrostimulation. The cell pack was pelletized by centrifugation and stored in liquid nitrogen. The sperm cells were purified and total RNA was extracted. cDNA was synthesized to perform qPCR and measure the relative level of PLCZ1 transcripts in each bull. There were no differences in individual motility, however, gross motility was lower (P < 0.05) in Criollo bulls, both in the winter (71.1 ± 2.8 vs. 76.6 ± 2.8%) and in the summer season (58.9 ± 2.8 vs. 77.7 ± 2.8%). PLCZ1 expression was 5.3 times higher (P < 0.05) in winter than in summer (5.09 ± 1.09 vs 0.959 ± 1.09). No difference (P>0.05) was found in the expression levels of PLCZ1 between both breeds (4.36 ± 1.09 vs 1.69 ± 1.09), for Criollo and European, respectively. Although the animals presented seminal motility within the recommended limits for insemination, the expression levels of PLCZ1 vary depending on the time of the year and this might impact the rate of successful pregnancies. Therefore, it is important to complement conventional analysis of seminal quality with molecular characteristics.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0053

Yield and fruit quality of avocado grown at different planting densities in Colombia
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Cano-Gallego, Lucas Esteban

; Bedoya-Ramírez, Sara Isabel

; Bernal-Estrada, Jorge Alonso

; Barrera-Sánchez, Carlos Felipe

; Córdoba-Gaona, Oscar de Jesús

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 58 elocation e03146

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the effect of planting densities on the yield and quality of 'Hass' avocado (Persea americana) in the department of Antioquia, Colombia. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with three replicates. The treatments were six plant densities (204, 278, 333, 400, 625, and 816 trees per hectare) with five harvest seasons, and each experimental unit consisted of six nine-year-old trees. The highest fruit yield is obtained at 333 and 400 trees per hectare. The main harvest represents 70% (18 Mg ha-1) of the annual production, whereas the secondary (mitaca) harvest represents 30% (5.25 Mg ha-1). Yield per tree and number of avocado fruits per tree are negatively affected by the increase in planting densities. In addition, fruit quality parameters show better results at intermediate planting densities of 333 and 400 trees per hectare, with the highest ratios of mesocarp and the lowest of seed, both in fresh and dry weight.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito de densidades de plantio na produção e na qualidade do abacateiro 'Hass' (Persea americana) no departamento de Antioquia, Colômbia. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram seis densidades de plantio (204, 278, 333, 400, 625 e 816 árvores por hectare) com cinco colheitas, e cada unidade experimental consistiu em seis árvores com nove anos de idade. O maior rendimento é obtido às densidades de 333 e 400 árvores por hectare. A colheita principal representa 70% (18 Mg ha-1) da produção anual, enquanto a colheita secundária (mitaca) representa 30% (5.25 Mg ha-1). A produção por árvore e o número de frutos de abacate por árvore é afetado negativamente pelo aumento das densidades de plantio. Além disso, os parâmetros de qualidade dos frutos apresentam melhores resultados nas densidades de plantio intermediárias de 333 e 400 árvores por hectare, com as maiores proporções de mesocarpo e a menor de sementes, tanto em massa fresca quanto em seca.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03146

Evaluación bacteriana de queso artesanal Zacazonapan madurado bajo condiciones no controladas en dos épocas de producción
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Sánchez-Valdés, Jair Jesús

; Colín-Navarro, Vianey

; López-González, Felipe

; Avilés-Nova, Francisca

; Castelán-Ortega, Octavio Alonso

; Estrada Flores, Julieta Gertrudis

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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dec 2022, Volume 13 N. 4 Pages 1067 - 1078

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Traditional Zacazonapan cheeses have unique organoleptic characteristics and are characterized by being linked to the territory of origin. In the maturation process, there are many interactive variables that are responsible for physical, chemical, biological and structural changes. In order to evaluate the bacteriological evolution of artisanal cheeses during their maturation under non-controlled conditions in two production periods, samples of raw milk and cheese were collected at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 150 d of maturation. The presence of molds and yeasts (MaY), mesophilic aerobic bacteria (MAB), Staphylococcus spp. (Staph), total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), Salmonella spp. (Salm) and Listeria spp. (List) was determined. The average microbial load was 9.68, 9.38, 8.55 and 8.10 log10 CFU/g of cheese for MaY, MAB, Staph and TC respectively, as well as 2.68 log10 MPN/g of cheese for FC. Salm was not detected but List was. The microbiological evolution of Zacazonapan matured cheese had counts that exceed the maximum levels of the Official Mexican Standard 243 SSA1 2010.

Resumen Los quesos tradicionales Zacazonapan tienen características organolépticas únicas y se caracterizan por estar vinculados al territorio de origen. En el proceso de maduración se tienen numerosas variables interactivas que son responsables de los cambios físicos, químicos, biológicos y estructurales. Con el objetivo de evaluar la evolución bacteriológica de quesos artesanales durante su maduración bajo condiciones no controladas en dos épocas de producción, se colectaron muestras de leche cruda y de queso a los 0, 30, 60, 120 y 150 días de maduración. Se determinó la presencia de mohos y levaduras (MyL), bacterias mesófilas aerobias (BMA), Staphylococcus spp. (Staph), coliformes totales (CT), coliformes fecales (CF), Salmonella spp. (Salm) y Listeria spp. (List). La carga microbiana promedio fue 9.68, 9.38, 8.55 y 8.10 log10 UFC/g de queso para MyH, BMA, Staph y CT respectivamente, así como 2.68 log10 NMP/g de queso para CF. No se detectó Salm pero si List. La evolución microbiológica del queso madurado Zacazonapan presentó conteos que superan los niveles máximos de la Norma Oficial Mexicana 243 SSA1 2010.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.5959

10.

Hepatitis autoinmune en pediatría, una revisión del Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Pediátrica (LASPGHAN)
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Ramonet, Margarita

; Ramirez-Rodriguez, Nelson

; Alvarez Chávez, Felipe

; Arregla, María C.

; Boldrini, Gustavo

; Botero Osorio, Verónica

; Cuarterolos, Miriam

; Godoy, Marcela

; Alonso Medina Monroy, Fernando

; Oropeza, Gabriela

; Pérez Carus, Rosana

; Pérez Rodríguez, Diana

; Reynoso-Zarzosa, Fátima Azereth

; Ciocca, Mirta

Archivos argentinos de pediatría

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aug 2022, Volume 120 N. 4 Pages 1 - 10

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2022.281

11.

Have public policy and family farming been an unhappy marriage for the past 20 years?
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Roa-Ortiz, Santiago Andrés

; Forero Camacho, Cesar Augusto

; Bautista Cubillos, Roger Alonso

; Zabala Perilla, Andrés Felipe

Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria

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aug 2022, Volume 23 N. 2 elocation e1949

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los países de América latina y el Caribe (LAC) han avanzado en crear e implementar políticas públicas en torno a la agricultura familiar (AF) mediante el desarrollo de sus propios conceptos, los cuales convergen en que la fuerza laboral familiar es el eslabón más importante. Sin embargo, esto también parece ser su talón de Aquiles hacia el futuro, ya que el éxodo del campo hacia la ciudad está afectando el trabajo en este sector, y las políticas restrictivas a este respecto podrían terminar negando los recursos necesarios para que la AF logre un mayor desarrollo. El objetivo de este documento es realizar una revisión de las políticas, cifras y normativas existentes que se han creado a lo largo de los años para reconocer y fortalecer la AF en LAC y detectar los problemas que la aquejan y que se pueden visibilizar para los tomadores de decisiones. Se realizó una selección sistemática de documentos, políticas y legislación relativa a AF en LAC por medio de plataformas como SCOPUS y SciELO; además, se realizaron búsquedas en las plataformas donde reposan las leyes, decretos y resoluciones de cada país incluido en esta revisión. Un hallazgo importante es que los mayores desafíos se encuentran en el desarrollo de investigaciones sobre cultivos y especies animales que afectan principalmente a la AF, así como en enfocar los esfuerzos por estudiar los cambios en la composición familiar, en la calidad de la tierra, en su papel como guardianes de los cultivos ancestrales y nativos, pero sin enfatizar en los cultivos de exportación de AF y sin olvidar a las mujeres no remuneradas, las cuales son una parte vital de la familia, ya que en la AF las tareas domésticas y productivas por lo general guardan un vínculo estrecho.

Abstract The countries of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have made progress in creating and implementing public policies on family farming (FF) by developing their own concepts, which converge in the fact that the family labor force is the most important link. However, this also appears to be their weakness for the future, since the exodus from the countryside to the city is affecting work in this sector, and restrictive policies in this regard could end up denying the resources needed for FF to achieve greater development. This document aims to review the existing policies, official figures, and regulations that have been created over the years to recognize and strengthen family farming (FF) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). To achieve our goals, we carried out a systematic search for technical documents (books, reports, and papers with official figures), policies, and legislation related to FF in LAC. Several countries have developed concepts to make policies focused on family farmers. Nonetheless, all converge in that the family workforce is the most critical link in this conceptualization. However, it also seems to be its Achilles’ heel for the future since the field-city exodus is affecting this sector, and restrictive policies could reduce the necessary resources for FF to achieve more significant development. Furthermore, the most significant challenges are found in conducting research on crops and animal species that mainly affect FF, such as corn, beans, rice, cassava, vegetables, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and milk. Finally, efforts need to focus on studying changes in family composition, the quality of land, the role of family farmers as guardians of ancestral and native crops, excluding FF export crops. Unpaid women must not be forgotten as a vital part of FF because domestic and production units are closely related.

https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol23_num2_art:1949

12.

Cementoma Gigantiforme Mandibular en Paciente Pediátrico: Reporte de Caso y Revisión de la Literatura
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Gantz-B, Alfredo

; López-N, Felipe

; Carvajal-G, Melissa

; Besa-Alonso, Arturo

; Figueroa-C, Liberto

International journal of odontostomatology

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jun 2022, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 171 - 176

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT: The gigantiform cementoma (GC) is a benign bone-fibrocement lesion of very low prevalence and of unknown etiology that occurs more frequently in young patients and is characterized by generating mobility of teeth and significant facial asymmetries. Radiographically it is expressed as a mixed lesion, with the presence of radiopaque and some radiolucent areas, well circumscribed, which is observed mainly in the mandible. GC behaves in a similar way to other maxillary lesions, both clinically and in histopathology, which could make its diagnosis difficult and confusing. Due to its locally aggressive and deforming behavior, the suggested treatment is resection of the lesion with safety margins.

RESUMEN: El cementoma gigantiforme (CG) es una lesión fibrocemento-ósea benigna de muy baja prevalencia y de etiología desconocida que se presenta con mayor frecuencia en pacientes jóvenes y que se caracteriza por generar movilidad de dientes y asimetrías faciales importantes. Radiográficamente se expresa como una lesión mixta, con presencia de áreas radiopacas y algunas radiolúcidas, bien circunscrita, que se observa principalmente en la mandíbula. El CG se comporta de manera similar a otras lesiones de los maxilares, tanto en su clínica como en la histopatología, lo que podría dificultar y confundir su diagnóstico. Debido a su comportamiento localmente agresivo y deformante, el tratamiento sugerido es la resección de la lesión con márgenes de seguridad.

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13.

Características de calidad digital de las revistas mexicanas calificadas en el Catálogo 2.0 de Latindex
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Alonso Gamboa, José Octavio

; Reyna Espinosa, Felipe Rafael

E-Ciencias de la Información

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jun 2022, Volume 12 N. 1 Pages 40 - 58

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: identificar el grado de integración de características de calidad inherentes a las revistas digitales para valorar la forma en cómo están aprovechando las actuales herramientas que facilitan el acceso y uso de información científica. Metodología: se seleccionan las ocho características digitales de la metodología del Catálogo 2.0 de Latindex y se comprueba su presencia en los sitios web institucionales de 195 revistas académicas editadas en México. Resultados: Las características que presentan menor ocurrencia son los servicios de interactividad con las personas lectoras, el uso de más de un formato de edición para la consulta de los textos completos, así como el establecimiento de políticas de preservación digital, todas ellas con menos del 50% de cumplimiento. Del grupo estudiado, 127 revistas (65%) integraron entre cinco y ocho características en sus sitios web. Conclusiones: Se percibe que las revistas del estudio cumplen de manera diferente en la integración de los criterios de calidad digital; asimismo, se hace evidente que la mayoría no aprovechan a cabalidad las herramientas y servicios digitales disponibles en el gestor OJS, el cual es utilizado por casi la totalidad de las revistas analizadas. Se evidencia que aún hay trabajo por realizar para fomentar la integración de un mayor número de herramientas digitales, particularmente en las revistas que integran un mínimo de ellas y que sin embargo son denominadas digitales a la par de aquellas que presentan una mayor adaptación digital.

Abstract Objective: to identify the degree of integration of quality characteristics inherent to digital journals in order to assess how they are taking advantage of the current tools that facilitate the access and use of scientific information. Methodology: Eight digital characteristics of the Latindex Catalog 2.0 methodology were selected and their presence was verified in the institutional websites of 195 journals edited in Mexico. Results: Characteristics with a lesser degree of presence are: interactivity services with readers, use of more than one editing format for full text consultation, as well as the establishing of digital preservation policies, all of them with a compliance of less than 50%. Of the studied group, 127 journals (65%) integrated between five and eight characteristics on their websites. Conclusions: The integration of the eight quality criteria inherent to digital journals is differentially met by the studied publications. Likewise, it became clear that the digital tools and services available in the OJS manager are not being fully exploited by most of the analyzed journals. One of the most important findings is that there is necessary to promote the integration of a greater number of the characteristics specific to digital journals, particularly in those that remain in a very basic level and that nevertheless are referred as digital on par with other journals that have a higher digital adaptation.

https://doi.org/10.15517/eci.v12i1.48603

14.

PET-CT en el carcinoma anaplásico de tiroides y otros subtipos histológicos agresivos
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García-Talavera, Paloma

; Gonzaga Díaz-González, Luis

; Gómez-Caminero, Felipe

; Riola-Parada, Cristina

; Peñaherrera-Cepeda, Carolina

; Tamayo-Alonso, María Pilar

Revista ORL

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jun 2022, Volume 13 N. 2 Pages 125 - 135

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: Introduction and objective: The aggressive histological subtypes of thyroid cancer are less common and have a worse prognosis than well -differentiated ones (DTC). The most important aggressive subtypes are Hürtle cell carcinoma (CHH), anaplasic and poorly differentiated carcinoma. In this review, we are going to evaluate the role of PET-CT, especially with 18F-FDG, in these aggressive histological lines, as well as in aggressive subtypes of DTC (tall cells, diffuse sclerosing…) and in radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Synthesis: Although the main indication for 18F-FDG PET in thyroid cancer is suspected recurrence, in patients with DTC with elevated serum thyroglobulin and radioiodine-negative whole-body scan (WBS), this technique has increasing applications in DTC. Likewise, 18F-FDG PET is also an efficient diagnostic tool in the study of anaplastic carcinoma, poorly differentiated and other aggressive lines. It is recommended, in current clinical guidelines, as part of the initial staging in anaplastic, poorly differentiated, and invasive HCC. And it is increasingly used in other indications such as prognostic assessment, evaluation of treatment response, and even during the follow-up of high-risk patients. The use of other PET tracers, such as 68Ga-PSMA and 68Ga-DOTATATE have not clearly demonstrated their clinical benefit over 18F-FDG. They are usually limited to cases in which it is necessary to assess the density of somatostatin analogs and PSMA receptors prior to metabolic therapy. Conclusions: 18F-FDG PET-CT is the most effective functional diagnostic technique in the study of poorly differentiated and aggressive thyroid neoplasms, since they show little or no avidity for radioiodine and however high affinity for 18F-FDG. The role of other PET tracers for the evaluation of these tumors is promising, although it still needs studies with a larger number of patients.

RESUMEN: Introducción y objetivo: Los subtipos histológicos agresivos de cáncer de tiroides son menos frecuentes y tienen peor pronóstico que los bien diferenciados (CDT). Los subtipos agresivos más importantes son el carcinoma de células de Hürthle (CCH), el carcinoma anaplásico y el pobremente diferenciado. En esta revisión vamos a hablar del papel del PET-CT, especialmente con 18F-FDG, en estas estirpes histológicas agresivas, así como en subtipos agresivos de CDT (células altas, esclerosante difuso…) y en el carcinoma de tiroides refractario al radioyodo. Síntesis: Aunque la principal indicación del PET con 18F-FDG en el cáncer de tiroides es la sospecha de recidiva, en pacientes con CDT con tiroglobulina sérica elevada y rastreo corporal total (RCT) con radioyodo negativo, esta técnica tiene crecientes aplicaciones en el CDT. Así mismo, el PET con 18F-FDG también es una herramienta diagnóstica eficiente en el estudio del carcinoma anaplásico, el pobremente diferenciado y otras estirpes histológicas agresivas. Es recomendado en las guías clínicas actuales como parte de la estadificación inicial en cánceres de tiroides anaplásico, pobremente diferenciados y CCH invasivo. Y cada vez se emplea más en otras indicaciones como valoración pronóstica, de la respuesta al tratamiento, e incluso durante el seguimiento de pacientes de alto riesgo. El empleo de otros trazadores para PET como el 68Ga-PSMA y el 68Ga-DOTATATE no han demostrado claramente su beneficio clínico frente a la 18F-FDG. Suelen limitarse a casos en los que sea necesaria la valoración de la densidad de receptores de análogos de somatostatina y PSMA previa a terapia metabólica. Conclusiones: El PET-CT con 18F-FDG es la técnica diagnóstica funcional más efectiva en el estudio de las neoplasias tiroideas poco diferenciadas y agresivas, ya que muestran escasa o nula avidez por el radioyodo y sin embargo elevada afinidad por la 18F-FDG. El papel de otros trazadores PET para la valoración de estos tumores es prometedor, aunque aún necesita de estudios con mayor número de pacientes.

https://doi.org/10.14201/orl.27382

15.

Low molecular weight heparin is useful in adult COVID-19 inpatients. Experience during the first Spanish wave: observational study
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Gonzalez-Porras, Jose Ramon

; Belhassen-Garcia, Moncef

; Lopez-Bernus, Amparo

; Vaquero-Roncero, Luis Mario

; Rodriguez, Beatriz

; Carbonell, Cristina

; Azibeiro, Raul

; Hernandez-Sanchez, Alberto

; Martin-Gonzalez, Jose Ignacio

; Manrique, Juan Miguel

; Alonso-Claudio, Gloria

; Alvarez-Navia, Felipe

; Madruga-Martin, Jose Ignacio

; Macias-Casanova, Ronald Paul

; García-Criado, Jorge

; Lozano, Francisco

; Moyano, Jose Carlos

; Sanchez-Hernandez, Miguel Vicente

; Sagredo-Meneses, Víctor

; Borras, Rafael

; Bastida, Jose María

; Hernández-Pérez, Guillermo

; Chamorro, Antonio Javier

; Marcos, Miguel

; Martin-Oterino, Jose Angel

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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feb 2022, Volume 140 N. 1 Pages 123 - 133

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The intensity of the thromboprophylaxis needed as a potential factor for preventing inpatient mortality due to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between anticoagulation intensity and COVID-19 survival. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective observational study in a tertiary-level hospital in Spain. METHODS: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) status was ascertained based on prescription at admission. To control for immortal time bias, anticoagulant use was analyzed as a time-dependent variable. RESULTS: 690 patients were included (median age, 72 years). LMWH was administered to 615 patients, starting from hospital admission (89.1%). 410 (66.7%) received prophylactic-dose LMWH; 120 (19.5%), therapeutic-dose LMWH; and another 85 (13.8%) who presented respiratory failure, high D-dimer levels (> 3 mg/l) and non-worsening of inflammation markers received prophylaxis of intermediate-dose LMWH. The overall inpatient-mortality rate was 38.5%. The anticoagulant nonuser group presented higher mortality risk than each of the following groups: any LMWH users (HR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.40-3.15); the prophylactic-dose heparin group (HR 2.39; 95% CI, 1.57-3.64); and the users of heparin dose according to biomarkers (HR 6.52; 95% CI, 2.95-14.41). 3.4% of the patients experienced major hemorrhage. 2.8% of the patients developed an episode of thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study showed that LMWH administered at the time of admission was associated with lower mortality among unselected adult COVID-19 inpatients. The magnitude of the benefit may have been greatest for the intermediate-dose subgroup. Randomized controlled trials to assess the benefit of heparin within different therapeutic regimes for COVID-19 patients are required.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0098.r1.08062021

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